JP2003305362A - Fluid action apparatus and method for action on fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an installation method and an installation means for a light radiation part which does not require a sheath pipe in a structure wherein the light radiation part is installed in an optical action tank. <P>SOLUTION: A fluid action apparatus comprises a fluid chamber for storing a fluid; an action part having a first part for carrying out action on the fluid by direct contact with the fluid stored in the fluid chamber and a second part united with the first part and deteriorated by direct contact with the fluid; an installation part for installing the action part in the fluid chamber so as to place the first part in the fluid chamber; and an isolation part for shutting the inside of the fluid chamber from the outer air and isolating the second part from the inside of the fluid chamber so as to separate the second part from the fluid when the action part is installed in the fluid chamber. Action on the fluid is carried out using the apparatus. A photoreaction apparatus provided with the light radiation part is used as the fluid action apparatus and a photoreaction method using the light radiation part is used as the method for action on the fluid. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus having a reaction tank for decomposing contaminants by irradiating it with light.

[0002]

BACKGROUND ART Light irradiation is widely used for the purpose of promoting photochemical reactions, killing organisms, improving activity, and the like.

As a means for irradiating light, there is a form as shown in FIG. 1 in which a light irradiating section is arranged in the photoreaction tank or a form as shown in FIG.

In the embodiment as shown in FIG. 1 in which the light is irradiated from the inside, the light irradiation means is inserted into a sheath tube or the like which transmits a predetermined light in order to protect the light irradiation portion from the property of the reaction gas, such as oxidizing power, and the reaction gas is introduced. I try not to come into contact with. (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-180040) In the mode as shown in FIG. 2 in which light is irradiated from the outside of the photoreaction tank, the light irradiation unit is arranged at a position separated from the reaction tank and does not come into contact with the reaction gas.

[0005]

However, the structure in which the entire light irradiation part is covered with the sheath tube and the structure in which the light irradiation part is provided outside cannot directly irradiate the light, so that the decomposition efficiency is low. there were. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an installation method and installation means for a light irradiation section that does not require a sheath tube in a configuration in which the light irradiation section is arranged in the photoreaction tank.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have paid attention to the mouthpiece portion which is vulnerable to corrosion etc. in the light irradiation portion to be protected in the tank. .

That is, according to the present invention, a fluid chamber capable of accommodating a fluid; a first portion that acts on the fluid by being in direct contact with the fluid accommodated in the fluid chamber, is integrally formed with the first portion. A working portion having a second portion that deteriorates by directly contacting the fluid; and mounting the working portion in the fluid chamber such that the first portion of the working portion is located in the fluid chamber. A mounting part for cutting off the inside of the fluid chamber from the outside air when the working part is mounted on the fluid chamber by the mounting part, and the second part does not come into contact with the fluid. And a separating portion for separating the inside from the inside of the fluid working device.

Further, according to the present invention, the first portion which acts on the fluid by directly contacting the fluid and the second portion which is integral with the first portion and has the property of being deteriorated by the direct contact with the fluid are provided. A method of acting on a fluid using an action part having a portion, wherein when the first portion is brought into direct contact with the fluid to act on the fluid, the fluid is shielded from the outside air,
And a method of acting on a fluid, comprising the step of isolating the second portion from the fluid so as not to contact the fluid.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION (Decomposition device) A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 3 shows a form in which one embodiment according to the present invention is used in a pollutant decomposition apparatus. When the gas containing the pollutant is irradiated with light having a predetermined wavelength, the pollutant is decomposed, and the gas after the decomposition treatment is continuously discharged from the exhaust pipe.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a photoreaction tank for irradiating pollutants with light to decompose the pollutants. 2a and 2b are light irradiation means, and the decomposition object gas is sent to the reaction tank 1 through the introduction pipe 3.
The treated gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 4.

Of the light irradiating means, the portion including the mouthpiece portion 7 which may be affected by corrosion or the like is installed so as to go out of the reaction tank 1. As a result, the influence of light irradiation generated in the reaction tank does not affect the mouthpiece.

Since a part of the light irradiation means is installed so as to go out of the reaction tank, a gap is formed between the light irradiation means and the reaction tank. In order to prevent the substances in the reaction tank from leaking out of the reaction tank through this gap, it is necessary to block the mouthpiece part from the space expected to contribute by irradiation. For this reason, the inside of the reaction tank and the mouthpiece are sealed to prevent gas from coming and going from the gap.

When the light irradiating section has a shape like a fluorescent lamp, it usually has a structure as shown in FIG. That is, the light irradiation means 2
Among them, the light emitting section 6 that actually emits light and the base sections 7a and 7b having terminals for supplying electric power are included.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment according to the present invention. The relationship between the light irradiation unit 2 and the reaction tank wall 14 of the reaction tank 1 is enlarged and shown.

That is, 1 is a (reaction) tank, which is a light irradiation means 2
Is installed. In the enlarged view, 14 is the tank wall and 2
Is a fluorescent lamp as a light irradiation means. Reference numeral 7 is a base portion of the fluorescent lamp.

In order to seal and shut off the inside of the tank 1 and the mouthpiece 7,
A sealing part (O-ring) 8 is used to seal the light emitting surface of the fluorescent lamp 2. The sealing may be performed directly between the light emitting surface of the fluorescent lamp 2 and the tank wall 14, but in FIG. 5, it is sealed via the introduction port 10. With this configuration, the gas in the tank does not leak to the outside of the reaction tank and does not contact the base 7.

FIG. 6 shows another form. In this embodiment, the adapter 9 is joined so as to be included in the fluorescent lamp 2 which is the light irradiating means, and is sealed by the O-ring 8 for sealing via this. This is particularly effective when there is a manufacturing variation in the shape of the light emitting part in the light irradiation means such as a fluorescent lamp, especially in the size of the diameter.

FIG. 7 shows another form. In this mode, the gap between the introduction port 10 and the fluorescent lamp 2 which is the light irradiation means and the gap between the introduction port 10 and the reaction vessel wall 14 are sealed with an O-ring 8 for sealing. Deployment port 10 is
It is fixed to the reaction vessel wall 14 with screws (not shown).

The means for supplying electric power to the fluorescent lamp 2 is to attach and detach a receptacle (socket) which fits the plug of the base. In this embodiment, the receptacle is inserted in the state where the fluorescent lamp is incorporated in the photoreaction tank. Can be detached.

A configuration as shown in FIG. 8 in which the above configuration is installed inside the reaction tank may be adopted.

FIG. 9 shows another form. In this mode, using the introduction ports 10a and 10b made of two parts,
It is hermetically sealed via an O-ring 8 for sealing. In order to improve the sealing performance of the O-ring, the O-ring is compressed between the light emitting portion of the fluorescent lamp and the introduction port so that the O-ring and the introduction port are in close contact with each other. In addition, if the light irradiation means is installed in the state where the receptacle is previously installed in the photoreaction tank,
The structure may be such that electric power is automatically supplied.

The seal is not necessarily limited to the O-ring, but other elastomer seals such as U-ring are used.
A packing, an oil seal, an X seal, a gland packing, or the like, a seal made of an adhesive or other filler, or a fluid seal such as a magnetic fluid seal may be used.

The material of the light emitting portion of the light irradiating means is preferably one which is not substantially affected by the reaction gas, and is preferably made of glass, for example. When coated with a solvent, it is recommended to check the effect of the reaction gas before use.

In the case where the seal member is pressed against the light emitting surface, mostly a glass surface, it is necessary to pay attention to the pressure so as not to damage the light emitting portion.

The reaction tank 1 may have any shape,
It is also possible to adopt a form in which the portion of the mouthpiece 7 that extends outside the reaction tank 1 is recessed.

Further, as an effect of arranging the base portion of the light irradiation means outside the light reaction tank, it is not necessary to expose the base portion of the light irradiation means to the corrosive gas or other fluid in the light reaction tank. That is, it is possible to prevent corrosion, short circuit, and deterioration of the product. Thereby, only the light emitting part of the light irradiating means can be incorporated in the light reaction tank.

Further, the light irradiating means may be provided inside the photoreaction tank as long as the mouthpiece is shielded from the inside of the photoreaction tank. As an effect of arranging the base portion of the light irradiation means inside the photoreaction tank, the reaction tank can have a simple structure. Further, there is no loss of light emitted from the light irradiation section.

Therefore, the present invention does not require a sheath tube for covering the light irradiation section regardless of whether the light irradiation section is inside or outside the reaction tank. In particular, when the wavelength of the light source is a short wavelength, the glass sheath tube does not allow light to pass therethrough, so an expensive sheath tube such as a quartz tube is required, but this is not necessary in the present invention. Further, since direct irradiation is possible, there is no absorption and almost all the emitted light can be used in all directions.

The present invention can be used for any photoreaction or sterilization. For example, light converts matter, decomposes,
It can be used in synthetic reactions. Although a rod-shaped fluorescent lamp has been described as the light irradiating means 2, the present invention can be used not only in the rod shape but also in any shape such as a spherical shape or a spindle shape.

(Contaminants to be Decomposed) When the present invention is used for photodecomposition of pollutants, usable pollutants are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include chlorinated ethylene and chlorinated methane. Specifically, as chlorinated ethylene, 1 to 4 chlorine-substituted products of ethylene, that is, chloroethylene, dichloroethylene (DCE), trichloroethylene (TCE),
Tetrachlorethylene (PCE) is mentioned. Further, as dichloroethylene, for example, 1,1-dichloroethylene
(Vinylidene chloride), cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, tran
Mention may be made of s-1,2-dichloroethylene. Examples of the chlorinated methane include chlorine-substituted compounds of methane, such as chloromethane, dichloromethane and trichloromethane.

For example, treatment of pollutants sucked from soil, purification of pollutant exhaust gas discharged from factories in chemical processes, pollutant gas desorbed from activated carbon, pollutant gas produced by aeration of polluted water, etc. In addition to handling the state,
It can be used for treatment of contaminated water in a solution state such as groundwater contamination, and also for treatment of a high concentration solvent desorbed from activated carbon.

(Light irradiating means) As the light irradiating means, it is preferable to use a light source having a wavelength of 100 to 300 nm for the above chlorine compound.
Since the energy of light in the above range is larger than the bond energy of the main bond of the chlorine compound, the bond can be broken and decomposed. Wavelengths as an example of such a light source
Fluorescent germicidal lamp that emits 253.7 nm of light (eg
There is Toshiba GL4-30).

Further, the present invention can be used when the decomposition is carried out in the presence of chlorine. When the decomposition is carried out in the presence of chlorine, longer wavelength light can be used as the light source.

For example, the present invention can be used for photolysis using light having a wavelength of 300 to 500 nm and light having a wavelength of 350 to 450 nm. An example of a commercially available fluorescent lamp is a black light fluorescent lamp (Toshiba FLB4BLB-15B).
LB, 20S ・ BLB, 40S ・ BLB, etc.).

(When decomposing in the presence of chlorine) As a chlorine supply method, one supplied from a chlorine cylinder may be used, or chlorine generated from a solution containing hypochlorous acid may be used. Is also good.

Regarding the mixing ratio of the gas to be decomposed and the gas containing chlorine gas, the concentration of chlorine gas in the gas is
It is preferable to adjust it so that it is 5 ppm or more and 1000 ppm or less, and it depends on the concentration of the gas to be decomposed, but especially, the chlorine gas concentration in the mixed gas is from 20 ppm to 500 ppm.
During this period, and when it is set to 80 ppm to 300 ppm, the decomposition efficiency of the gas to be decomposed becomes particularly remarkable.

When chlorine generated from a solution containing hypochlorous acid is used, it is preferable to add a predetermined amount of acid to the solution containing hypochlorous acid so that chlorine can be efficiently generated.

Further, the gas containing chlorine can be more efficiently obtained by aerating the solution containing the hypochlorous acid containing the above-mentioned acid with the gas. When the target of the decomposition treatment is water containing a pollutant, a mixture of a solution containing hypochlorous acid may be aerated, or a structure in which gaseous chlorine is directly blown into the contaminated water may be used.

In such a case, an air diffuser (bubbler) can be used. The air diffuser may be a conventional device used to blow gas into the liquid, but it is desirable that the size of the bubbles be selected so that the surface area is sufficient for the vaporization of chlorine.

Further, it is desirable that the material of the air diffuser is selected so that it does not react with the components of the solution containing hypochlorous acid. For example, sintered glass, porous ceramics,
A porous diffuser plate made of a net woven of sintered SUS 316, fibrous SUS 316, or the like, or a sparger made of glass or a pipe of SUS 316 or the like can be used.

The properties of the solution containing hypochlorous acid include, for example, hydrogen ion concentration (pH value) of 1 or more and 4 or less, preferably 2 or more and 3 or less, and residual chlorine concentration of 5 mg / L or more and 300 mg / L.
The following properties are preferable, preferably 5 mg / L or more and 150 mg / L or less, and more preferably 30 mg / L or more and 120 mg / L or less. The redox potential is preferably 800 mV or more and 1500 mV or less when the working electrode is a platinum electrode and the reference electrode is silver-silver chloride.

The solution containing hypochlorous acid can be obtained from the anode side by electrolyzing a solution containing an electrolyte containing chlorine as a component (eg, sodium chloride or potassium chloride). The concentration of the electrolyte in the raw water before electrolysis is, for example, 20 mg / L to 2000 mg / L for sodium chloride.
Is preferable, and more preferably 200 mg / L or more and 1000 mg / L
The following is recommended. At this time, when a diaphragm is arranged between the pair of electrodes, it is possible to prevent the acidic water generated near the anode from mixing with the alkaline water generated near the cathode.

The solution containing hypochlorous acid having the above-mentioned properties can be prepared from a reagent. For example, hydrochloric acid
0.001mol / L ~ 0.1mol / L, sodium chloride 0.005mol / L
L ~ 0.02mol / L, and sodium hypochlorite 0.0001mol
It can be obtained by setting / L to 0.01 mol / L. Other inorganic or organic acids can be used in place of the above hydrochloric acid. As the inorganic acid, for example, hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, boric acid and the like can be used, and as the organic acid, acetic acid, formic acid, malic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid and the like can be used. In addition, N ₃ which is commercially available as a weakly acidic water powder forming agent (for example, trade name: Kenosan 21X (manufactured by Clean Chemical Co., Ltd.))
It may be used C ₃ O ₃ NaCl _2, and the like.

Although only chlorine gas has been described as a gas for decomposition, other halogen gas may be used as long as it has a property of generating radicals by light irradiation.

Further, in the present embodiment, as a means for decomposing the fluid, a mode of irradiating the fluid with light is shown, but the invention is not particularly limited to this, and for example, oxidative decomposition by combustion, or by a bacterium. It may be decomposition.

Examples of the present invention will be shown below.

[0048]

[Embodiment] [Embodiment 1] (Pollution gas purification system) Fig. 3 shows a system configuration for decomposing pollutants using the present application. In this system, the mixture of the pollutant and chlorine in the photolysis reaction tank 1 is irradiated with light from the light irradiation means 2a, 2b, and the pollutant is decomposed. The gas containing the decomposition products after the decomposition treatment is continuously discharged from the exhaust pipe 4. The relationship between the light irradiating means 2 and the tank 1 is as shown in FIG.
Then, the bonded portion was made to have the same structure as that in FIG.

From the introduction pipe 3 to 100 ppm of trichlorethylene
A mixed gas with V and chlorine concentration of 50 ppmV was sent into the photolysis reaction tank, and a black light fluorescent lamp 7 (trade name: FL20S
BLB: Toshiba Corporation, 20 W, light source having a peak around a wavelength of 360 nm) was used to irradiate the mixed gas with light. Irradiation with a black light fluorescent lamp was performed directly from the inside of the photolysis reaction tank.

The mixed gas was fed so that the residence time was 1 minute.

In order to confirm that trichlorethylene was decomposed in the photolysis reaction tank 1, the concentration of trichlorethylene at the outlet of the exhaust pipe 4 was measured and found to be 0.05 ppmV or less.

After operating for a predetermined period of time, the mouthpiece 7
No corrosion was observed.

[Embodiment 2] (Contaminated water purification system) This embodiment is an example of contaminated water purification. In this system, a mixture of contaminated water and a solution containing hypochlorous acid is aerated, and the aerated gas is circulated in a closed loop to perform light irradiation. A removal container for removing and decomposing the decomposition products is arranged in the closed loop, where the decomposition products are removed and decomposed. Such an example is shown in FIG.

In the contaminated water purification system having this structure, contaminated water is stored in a predetermined position of the septic tank 13, and a solution containing hypochlorite and an acid are added thereto. The gas circulation in the closed loop circulation path 11 is started to aerate the hypochlorous acid solution containing the contaminated water. Further, the pollutants and chlorine in the hypochlorous acid solution are diffused and released in the gas phase part and are irradiated with light by the lamp which is the light irradiation means 2, and the pollutants dissolved in the contaminated water are decomposed and removed in sequence. It

As for the relationship between the light irradiating means 2 and the septic tank 13, the base 7 of the light irradiating means 2 is taken out of the septic tank 13 as shown in FIG.

The decomposition of the recovered solvent was experimentally confirmed using the apparatus shown in FIG.

Desorbed water from activated carbon was used as a substance to be decomposed. Pollutants of pollutant gas extracted by vacuum extraction method from soil pollution by organic chlorine compounds are adsorbed on this activated carbon, and when this is desorbed by steam, desorption water is
Trichloroethylene 50mg / L, dichloromethane 40
mg / L, tetrachloroethylene 120 mg / L, 1,1,1-
It contained 20 mg / L of trichloroethane and 70 mg / L of cis-1,2-dichloroethylene.

This desorbed water was placed in a septic tank 11 having a total volume of 50 L.
20L was introduced. In addition, 12% sodium hypochlorite solution (Kishida Chemical, content about 12% at the time of production, available chlorine: min 5
%) And 6 mL of hydrochloric acid (35% hydrochloric acid) were added. As a result, the contaminated desorption water had a pH of 2.5 and a residual chlorine concentration of 70 to 90 mg /
It became L.

Further, the homb 2 (Iwaki APN 215) was moved to perform aeration. The air in the circulation path 10 is blown into the septic tank 11 through the aeration port 12, and the piping 9
Return to Homp and circulate. The flow rate at this time is about 15
It was L / min.

Light was radiated directly from the inside of the septic tank 13 mainly to the gas phase portion. Black light fluorescent lamp 2 (product name: FL20SBLB; manufactured by Toshiba Corporation, 20W)
It was carried out by arranging 10 bottles. (The number is omitted in the figure.) After operating for 1 hour, trichlorethylene, dichloromethane, tetrachloroethylene in the treated water, 1,1,1
The amounts of -trichloroethane and cis-1,2-dichloroethylene were measured by ECD gas chromatography or the like. The concentration of pollutants in the gas phase was also measured.

As a result, trichlorethylene, dichloromethane, tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane and cis-1,2-dichloroethylene were decomposed to 0.03 mg / L or less.

After the operation of desorbing water decomposition purification was performed 100 cycles, the light irradiation section 2 was removed and observed. No corrosion was observed on the base section 7.

[Example 3] In Example 1, a light source having a wavelength of light of 300 nm to 500 nm was used as a means for irradiating light, but in this Example, a light source having a peak at 254 nm (for example, a germicidal lamp) is used. did.

An experiment similar to that of Example 1 was performed except for the above. Instead of the black light, a germicidal lamp (GL20: made by Toshiba) was installed in the photolysis reaction tank 1. An experiment similar to that of Example 1 was performed except that 200 ppmV of tetrachloroethylene was introduced from the introduction pipe 3. As a result, it was confirmed that the polluted gas was decomposed and that the mouthpiece was not corroded in this configuration without the sheath tube.

[Example 4] In Example 2, a light source having a light wavelength of 300 nm to 500 nm was used as a means for irradiating light, but in this Example, a light source having a peak at 254 nm (for example, a germicidal lamp) is used. did.

An experiment similar to that of Example 2 was performed except for the above. A germicidal lamp (GL20: made by Toshiba) was installed in the septic tank 13 instead of the black light. An experiment similar to that of Example 2 was performed except that contaminated water of 200 mg / L of tetrachloroethylene was added as a decomposition target.

As a result, it was confirmed that the pollutants in the contaminated water were decomposed and purified, and that the cap portion was not corroded in the present structure without the sheath tube.

[0068]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION By carrying out the method of the present invention, a sheath tube is unnecessary and direct irradiation becomes possible. Therefore, there is no absorption and almost all the emitted light can be used in all directions, and the decomposition efficiency is improved. Further, the present invention can be applied to any form such as photolysis of polluted gas and polluted water.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of one aspect of a conventional photoreaction device.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of another aspect of the conventional photoreaction device.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a pollutant decomposition device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a light irradiation means used in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the relationship between the light irradiation means and the tank according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a relationship between a light irradiation unit and a tank according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a relationship between a light irradiation unit and a tank according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the relationship between a light irradiation unit and a tank according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the relationship between a light irradiation unit and a tank according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a pollutant decomposition device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: (reaction) tank 2: Light irradiation means 3: Introduction tube 4: Discharge pipe 5: sheath tube 6: Light emitting part 7: Clasp part 8: Sealing material 9: Adapter 10: Introduction port 11: Circuit 12: Aeration port 13: Septic tank 14: Tank wall 15: Pump

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Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A fluid chamber capable of containing a fluid; a first portion that acts on the fluid by directly contacting the fluid contained in the fluid chamber, the fluid being integral with the first portion, and An action portion having a second portion that deteriorates by direct contact; a mounting portion for attaching the action portion to the fluid chamber such that the first portion of the action portion is located in the fluid chamber And; isolating the inside of the fluid chamber so that the inside of the fluid chamber is shielded from the outside air when the action portion is attached to the fluid chamber by the mounting portion, and the second portion does not come into contact with the fluid. A fluid action device comprising: 2. The fluid action device according to claim 1, wherein the isolation portion communicates the inside of the fluid chamber with the outside air when the action portion is separated from the fluid chamber. 3. The fluid action device according to claim 1, wherein the first portion is a light irradiation unit that decomposes the fluid by irradiating the fluid with light. 4. The light irradiation means has a wavelength of 100 to 300.
The fluid action device according to claim 3, wherein the fluid action device is a light source capable of irradiating light including nm ultraviolet rays. 5. The fluid action device according to claim 1, wherein the second portion is oxidized by being in direct contact with the fluid. 6. The fluid action device according to claim 1, wherein the second portion is made of metal. 7. The mounting portion is a structure that covers the entire second portion when the action portion is mounted in the fluid chamber, according to any one of claims 1 to 6. Fluid working device. 8. The fluid action device according to claim 7, wherein the isolation portion is provided between the structure and the action portion. 9. The inside of the fluid chamber so that the second portion does not come into contact with the fluid when the action portion is mounted in the fluid chamber between at least the second portion and the isolation portion. The fluid action device according to claim 1, further comprising a member for isolating. 10. The fluid action device according to claim 1, wherein the second portion is on the outside air side of the isolation portion. 11. A first portion that acts on the fluid by directly contacting the fluid, and a second portion that is integral with the first portion and that has a property of being deteriorated by directly contacting the fluid. A method of acting on a fluid using an action part having, wherein when the first portion is brought into direct contact with the fluid to act on the fluid, the fluid is shielded from the outside air and the second portion is acted on as the fluid. A method of acting on a fluid, comprising the step of isolating the fluid from contact. 12. A method for acting on a fluid according to claim 11, characterized in that the device according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is used.