JP2003291040A - Finishing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a finishing machine capable of maintaining finishing precision even if vibration is generated on the finishing machine. <P>SOLUTION: A main motion comprised of rotary motion is given on grinding wheels 3, 3 and a feeding motion comprised of linear motion is given on a work 4 to finish the work 4. A center of gravity of whole finishing machine is arranged on a machining point where the grinding wheels 3, 3 and the work 4 contact or adjacent to the same in a plane crossing with a direction of the linear motion of the work 4 at right angles. When the machining point and the center of gravity of the whole finishing machine are roughly conformed, influence of vibration at the machining point is little even if the finishing machine vibrates. Consequently, finishing precision is maintained. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a processing machine for removing unnecessary parts of a work piece by cutting, grinding, or any other method to form the work piece into a required size and shape.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A processing machine has three types of main movements: (1) main movement, (2) feed movement, and (3) position adjustment movement. The main movement is the relative movement between the tool and the work piece for removing unnecessary parts of the work piece as chips, the feed movement is the movement to continue machining, and the position adjustment movement is the movement during machining. It is an exercise to determine the margin or the finished size. The performance that the processing machine should have is high and stable processing accuracy. The workpiece is machined by transferring the trajectory of the relative movement between the tool and the workpiece by these to the workpiece.

In a conventional processing machine, an electric motor for giving a main motion to a tool, a feed table for giving a feed motion to a work, a positioning table for adjusting a cutting position of the tool, etc. are provided on a huge base. It was installed.

[0004]

In the conventional processing machine, due to the huge base, the processing point where the tool and the workpiece come into contact is at a high position, while the center of gravity of the processing machine is far below the processing point. positioned. In a machine with such a structure, when vibration occurs due to relative movement between the tool and the workpiece, the amplitude of vibration at the machining point far from the center of gravity becomes large, which may lead to a decrease in machining accuracy. .

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a processing machine capable of maintaining high processing accuracy even when the processing machine vibrates.

[0006]

The present invention will be described below. In addition, in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are added in parentheses, but the present invention is not limited to the illustrated forms.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor pays attention to the position of the center of gravity of the entire processing machine and the position of the processing point, and by making these positions substantially coincide with each other, the influence of vibration occurs at the processing point. I found it difficult.

That is, the present invention provides the workpiece (4) or the tool (3, 3) with a main movement consisting of a rotational movement or a linear movement, and rotates at least one of the workpiece (4) and the tool (3, 3). A machining machine (1) for machining a workpiece (4) by giving a feed motion consisting of a motion or a linear motion, and a machining point at which the tool (3, 3) and the workpiece (4) come into contact with each other, or Near the center of gravity (P) of the entire processing machine (1)
The above-described problems are solved by a processing machine (1) characterized by being arranged.

According to the present invention, even if vibration is generated in the processing machine, the influence of the vibration hardly occurs at the processing point. Therefore, high processing accuracy can be maintained. One of the reasons for this is the vibration mode of the processing machine as a whole, and if the processing point and the center of gravity of the processing machine are matched,
Since the machining point is located at the vibration node, it is conceivable that the amplitude of vibration becomes small at the machining point.

When the feed motion is a linear motion, the position of the center of gravity of the entire processing machine in the feed direction changes depending on the length and position of the feed table, for example. Therefore, in such a case, the processing point and the center of gravity of the entire processing machine may be substantially coincident with each other on the plane orthogonal to the direction of the feed movement.

That is, according to the present invention, as described in claim 2, the workpiece (4) or the tool (3, 3) is given a main motion consisting of a rotary motion or a linear motion, and the workpiece (4) and the tool ( A machining machine (1) for machining a workpiece (4) by giving a feed motion consisting of a linear motion to at least one of the workpieces (3, 3), and at least the workpiece (4) and the tool (3, 3). On a plane orthogonal to the feed direction (Y-axis direction) where one moves linearly, at a machining point where the tool (3, 3) and the workpiece (4) come into contact with each other, or in the vicinity thereof
The processing machine (1) can also be configured as a processing machine (1) characterized in that the center of gravity (P) of the entire processing machine (1) is arranged.

The present invention also provides, as described in claim 3,
Machining for machining the workpiece (4) by giving the tool (3, 3) a main movement consisting of a rotary movement and at least one of the workpiece (4) and the tool (3, 3) a feed movement consisting of a linear movement. A machine (1) comprising a base (2), a table (5) provided on the base (2) and on which a workpiece (4) is mounted, the table (5) and the tool (3, 3). ) Is provided with a feed motion imparting means (13) for linearly moving at least one of them and a main motion imparting means (6, 6) for imparting a rotational motion to the tools (3, 3), and the workpiece (4) and In a plane orthogonal to the feed direction (Y-axis direction) in which at least one of the tools (3, 3) linearly moves, a machining point at which the tool (3, 3) and the workpiece (4) come into contact with each other or in the vicinity thereof. The center of gravity of the entire processing machine (1) It can also be configured as a processing machine to symptoms (1).

Further, in the plane orthogonal to the feed direction (Y-axis direction) in which at least one of the workpiece (4) and the tool (3, 3) linearly moves, the tool (3, 3) is the workpiece. It may be arranged on both sides of the workpiece (4) and the processing machine (1) may have a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the workpiece (4).

By constructing the processing machine in this way, it becomes easy to match the processing point with the center of gravity of the entire processing machine.

Further, according to the present invention, as described in claim 5, at least one of the workpiece (4) and the tool (3, 3) linearly moves in the X-axis direction orthogonal to the feed direction. Cutting motion imparting means (21, 21) for linearly moving (3, 3), and a feed direction (Y-axis direction) and an X-axis in which at least one of the workpiece (4) and the tool (3, 3) linearly moves. Position adjusting means (23, 2) for linearly moving the tool (3, 3) in the Z-axis direction orthogonal to the direction.
3) and the tool (3,3) is a grinding wheel (3,3).
May be

[0016]

1 is a perspective view of a processing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. The processing machine 1 of the present embodiment is different from the conventional processing machine in which the base is directly placed on the ground, and is characterized in that the base 2 is downsized so that it can be mounted on a movable table. By reducing the size of the base 2, the center of gravity of the entire processing machine 1 rises, and the center of gravity of the entire processing machine (center of gravity P) can be raised up to near the processing point.

The processing machine 1 of this embodiment is a kind of surface grinder, and uses, for example, the outer circumferences of grinding wheels 3 and 3 as tools, and both sides of a linear rail for a linear motion guide device as a workpiece 4. Polish the surface. That is, the grinding wheels 3 and 3 are given a main movement consisting of a rotary movement, and the workpiece 4 is given a feed movement consisting of a linear movement to grind the workpiece 4. The height of the entire processing machine is set lower than the height of a person, for example, about 570 mm, the depth length is set, for example, about 910 mm, and the width is set, for example, about 900 mm. As described above, the size of the entire processing machine is extremely smaller than that of the conventional processing machine.

A table 5 is provided on a flat T-shaped base 2 so as to be linearly movable in the Y-axis direction in the figure. This Y
The axial direction is the feed direction of the processing machine 1. Rotational motion is applied to each of the pair of grinding wheels 3, 3 by electric motors 6, 6 as main motion applying means. In addition, grinding wheel 3,
No. 3 is linearly movable in the X-axis direction orthogonal to the feed direction so that the depth of cut can be adjusted, and linearly movable in the Z-axis direction orthogonal to the feed direction and the X-axis direction so that the grinding height can be adjusted. is there.

The details of each part of the processing machine 1 will be described.
2 shows a front view of the processing machine 1 viewed from the Y-axis direction, and FIG.
Shows a plan view of the processing machine 1, and FIG. 4 shows a side view of the processing machine 1 as seen from the X-axis direction.

A table 5 to which the workpiece 4 is attached is arranged near the center of the base 2 so as to be linearly movable in the Y-axis direction. The table 5 has a size sufficient for mounting the elongated workpiece 4, and the workpiece 4 to which the elongated workpiece 4 extends along the Y-axis direction is attached. Between the base 2 and the table 5, a pair of linear guides 7, 7 for guiding the linear movement of the base in the Y-axis direction are provided.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, each linear guide 7 corresponds to a rail 11 formed with a ball rolling groove as a rolling element rolling surface along the longitudinal direction, and the ball rolling groove. A block 12 provided with an infinite circulation path including a loaded ball rolling groove as a rolling surface of a load rolling element and assembled to be freely movable relative to a rail; and a rail and a block arranged and housed in this infinite circulation path. Circulates with the relative movement of
A plurality of balls as rolling elements that receive a load in the loaded ball rolling groove.

The table 5 is linearly moved in the Y-axis direction by a feed screw mechanism 13 as a feed motion imparting means.
As shown in FIG. 3, the feed screw mechanism 13 includes a motor 14
And a ball screw mechanism 15. The ball screw mechanism 15 is composed of a screw shaft 15a, a nut 15b screwed to the screw shaft 15a, and a plurality of balls interposed between the screw shaft 15a and the nut 15b. The output shaft of the motor 14 is connected to the screw shaft 15a via a joint.
The motor 14 and the screw shaft 15a are attached to the base 2 side, and the nut 15b is attached to the table 5 side. When the motor 14 is driven, the screw shaft 15a rotates and the nut 15b linearly moves along the screw shaft 15a. As a result, the table 5 linearly moves in the feed direction.

In this embodiment, the motor 14 and the ball screw mechanism 15 are used as the feeding motion imparting means for feeding the table 5, but a linear motor or the like may be used instead. It is possible.
Further, in the present embodiment, the table 5 is linearly moved with respect to the base 2 to give the workpiece a feed movement. However, of course, the table 5 is fixed to the base 2 and the grinding wheels 3 and 3 are given a feed movement. May be. Furthermore, Table 5
Alternatively, both the grinding wheels 3 and 3 may be relatively moved in the feed direction.

In FIG. 2, the grinding wheels 3 and 3 are provided on both sides of the workpiece 4. Each grinding wheel 3 is directly connected to the electric motor 6,
A rotary motion is imparted by the electric motor 6. Each electric motor 6
Is attached to the base 2 via the notch table 16, the column 17, the vertical position adjustment table 18, and the like. These base 2, cutting table 16, 16, column 17,
17, vertical position adjustment tables 18, 18, electric motors 6, 6
The processing machine 1 configured by
Has a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to.

The electric motor 6 is fixed to the vertical position adjusting table 18 so that the axis of the spindle is substantially perpendicular to the feed direction (Y axis direction) and the cutting direction (X axis direction). That is, in this embodiment, the axis of the spindle of the electric motor 6 is oriented in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction). For example, a dynamic pressure spindle motor is used for the electric motors 6 and 6 in order to rotate the grinding wheels 3 and 3 at high speed and precisely. The dynamic pressure spindle motor uses a dynamic pressure bearing as the bearing of the spindle. This dynamic pressure bearing entrains the liquid as the spindle rotates, and supports the spindle with the pressure of the liquid.

The cutting tables 16 and 16 are arranged on the base 2 on both sides of the table 5 in the X-axis direction so as to be linearly movable in the X-axis direction. A pair of linear guides 20, 20 for guiding the linear movement of the cutting table 16 in the X-axis direction is provided between each cutting table 16 and the base 2. Since the configuration of the linear guides 20, 20 is the same as that of the linear guides 7, 7, the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted.

The cutting tables 16 and 16 are linearly moved in the X-axis direction by the feed screw mechanisms 21 and 21 as cutting motion imparting means. Since the configuration of each part of the feed screw mechanisms 21 and 21 for linearly moving the cutting tables 16 and 16 is the same as that of the feed screw mechanism 13 of the table 5, the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted. Cutting table 1
Depending on the amount of movement of the grinding wheels 3 and 3 in the X-axis direction by 6 and 16, the allowance at the time of machining the workpiece 4 or the finished size is determined.

The column 1 is provided on the cutting tables 16 and 16.
7, 17 are fixed. The pair of columns 17, 17 provided on both sides of the workpiece have substantially the same shape. Each column 17 is capable of supporting the electric motor 6 in a cantilever manner and has sufficient strength to receive a reaction force when the grinding wheels 3 and 3 process a workpiece.

Vertical position adjustment tables 18, 18 are arranged on the side surfaces of the columns 17, 17 so as to be linearly movable in the Z-axis direction. Between the side surface of each column 17 and each vertical position adjustment table 18, linear guides 22, 22 for guiding the linear movement of the vertical position adjustment table 18 in the Z-axis direction are provided. The vertical position adjusting tables 18, 18 are linearly moved in the Z-axis direction by the feed screw mechanisms 23, 23 as position adjusting means. Vertical position adjustment table 18, 18
Since the configuration of each part of the feed screw mechanism 23 for linearly moving the table is the same as that of the feed screw mechanism 13 for linearly moving the table 5, the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted.

A method of using the processing machine having the above configuration will be described. First, the work 4 is installed on the table 5. For the workpiece 4, for example, a relatively small rail or the like is used. Next, the motors 14 and 14 for raising and lowering the vertical position adjustment tables 18 and 18 are driven to adjust the grinding wheel 3 and 3 to a predetermined height. Next, the electric motors 6, 6 are driven to rotate the grinding wheels 3, 3 at high speed. After the outer peripheral surfaces of the grinding wheels 3 and 3 are brought into contact with the side surfaces of the workpiece 4, the motors 14 and 14 that linearly move the cutting tables 16 and 16 are rotationally driven until a predetermined cutting amount is obtained. When a predetermined depth of cut is obtained, the motor 14 that linearly moves the table 5 in the feed direction is rotationally driven to feed the grinding wheels 3 and 3 to grind the workpiece 4.

In this embodiment, in the plane orthogonal to the feed direction in which the workpiece 4 moves linearly, that is, in the plane shown in FIG. 2, machining is performed at or near the machining point where the grinding wheels 3 and 3 come into contact with the workpiece. The center of gravity P of the entire machine is arranged.

A method of calculating the center of gravity of the entire processing machine will be described with reference to FIG. First, the reference point (0, 0,
0) is set to a predetermined position. Next, the processing machine 1 is connected to a plurality of parts having the same specific gravity, such as a base 2 and a cutting table 1.
6,16, columns 17,17, vertical position adjustment table 1
The coordinates of the center of gravity of each part are obtained by dividing the parts into 8, 18 and electric motors 6, 6. Finally, the center of gravity P of the entire processing machine is calculated in consideration of the weight and the coordinates of the center of gravity of each part.
The center of gravity P of the entire processing machine is the coordinate indicating the distance from the reference point,
For example, it is represented as (0,530,200).

By arranging the center of gravity of the entire processing machine at or near the processing point, even if vibration occurs in the processing machine 1, the influence of the vibration is unlikely to occur at the processing point. For this reason, even when vibration is generated in the processing machine 1, high processing accuracy can be maintained. One of the reasons for this is the vibration mode of the processing machine as a whole, and if the processing point and the center of gravity of the processing machine 1 are made to coincide with each other, the processing point will be located at the vibration node. May be smaller.

Here, it is desirable that the center of gravity P of the processing machine 1 and the processing point coincide with each other in the XYZ directions. However, when the feed motion is a linear motion as in the present embodiment, the length and position of the table 5 are set. As a result, the center of gravity of the entire processing machine in the feed direction changes. Therefore, in such a case, it suffices that the machining point and the center of gravity P of the entire machine substantially coincide with each other on the plane orthogonal to the direction of the feed movement, that is, the plane shown in FIG.

In the above embodiment, the case where the grinding wheel is used as the tool and the present invention is applied to the grinder that gives the tool a main motion consisting of the rotary motion is explained. However, the present invention uses the tool as the tool. Of lathes that give a main motion consisting of rotary motions to a workpiece, drilling machines that give a main motion consisting of rotary motions to tools, milling cutters that give a main motion consisting of rotary motions to a tool, In addition, it can be applied to machine tools such as boring machines and planing machines.

In the processing machine of the above embodiment, two grinding wheels 3 and 3 and two electric motors 6 and 6 are provided, and both grinding wheels 3 and 3 are provided.
Although the workpiece 4 is sandwiched by 3 for grinding, the invention is not limited to this configuration, and only one grinding wheel and one electric motor may be provided and the left and right sides of the workpiece may be machined alternately.

[0037]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Since the center of gravity of the entire processing machine is arranged at or near the processing point where the tool and the workpiece come into contact with each other, even if vibration occurs in the processing machine, the effect of the vibration is unlikely to occur at the processing point. Therefore, high processing accuracy can be maintained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a processing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the processing machine viewed from the Y-axis direction.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a processing machine.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the processing machine viewed from the X-axis direction.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Processing machine 2 ... base 3 ... Grinding wheel (tool) 4 ... Workpiece 5 ... table 6 ... Electric motor (main motion imparting means) 21 ... Feed screw mechanism (cutting motion imparting means) 23 ... Feed screw mechanism (position adjusting means) P ... center of gravity

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Eiichi Michioka             3-11-6 Nishi Gotanda, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo             Within TK Corporation F-term (reference) 3C043 BA01 CC02 EE01                 3C048 AA01 BB01 CC00 EE10

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A processing machine for machining a work by giving a main motion consisting of a rotary motion or a linear motion to a work or a tool, and giving a feed motion consisting of a rotary motion or a linear motion to at least one of the work and the tool. A processing machine, wherein a center of gravity of the entire processing machine is arranged at or near a processing point where the tool and the workpiece come into contact with each other. 2. A processing machine for machining a workpiece by giving a main movement consisting of a rotary movement or a linear movement to a workpiece or a tool and giving a feed movement consisting of a linear movement to at least one of the workpiece and the tool. In a plane orthogonal to the feed direction in which at least one of the workpiece and the tool linearly moves, the center of gravity of the entire machine is arranged at or near a machining point where the tool and the workpiece come into contact with each other. And processing machine. 3. A main motion consisting of a rotary motion is given to the tool,
A processing machine for machining a work by giving a feed motion consisting of a linear motion to at least one of the work and the tool, a base, a table provided on the base, on which the work is mounted, the table and the A feed motion imparting means for linearly moving at least one of the tools, and a main motion imparting means for imparting a rotary motion to the tool, in a plane orthogonal to the feed direction in which at least one of the workpiece and the tool linearly moves. A processing machine, wherein a center of gravity of the entire processing machine is arranged at or near a processing point where the tool and the workpiece come into contact with each other. 4. The tool is arranged on both sides of the workpiece in the plane orthogonal to the feed direction in which at least one of the workpiece and the tool linearly moves, and the processing machine substantially extends with respect to the workpiece. The processing machine according to claim 3, wherein the processing machine has a symmetrical shape. 5. The cutting machine further includes cutting motion imparting means for linearly moving the tool in an X-axis direction orthogonal to a feed direction in which at least one of the workpiece and the tool linearly moves, the workpiece and the A position adjusting means for linearly moving the tool in a Z-axis direction orthogonal to the feed direction and the X-axis direction in which at least one of the tools linearly moves, and the tool is a grinding wheel. The processing machine according to item 4.