JP2002205202A - Machine tool with y-axis function - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable the execution of movement limitation of a tool support bed installed at a slanted slide, in an actual necessary movement limit regardless of an Y-axis position as an Y-axis function is obtained by combined movement. SOLUTION: A tool position control means 33 is provided to effect movement of a tool 7 in a direction Y, crossing orthogonally to a direction X extending along a slanted guide 3a, through combined movement of the movement motion of the slanted slide 3 and the movement motion of the tool support bed 4. The tool position control means 33 is provided to vary movement limits OT1 and OT2 of the tool support bed 4 in a direction X extending along an inclination direction according to the position of the tool support bed 4 in a direction Y extending orthogonally to the inclination direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine tool having a Y-axis function, and more particularly to a machine tool in which a tool support is installed on a tilt guide so as to be able to move forward and backward.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a lathe such as a turret lathe in which a large number of tools are mounted on a tool post, a part of the tools may be a rotary tool such as a milling tool or a drill tool. In a lathe provided with such a rotary tool, there is a case where it is desired to perform machining at an eccentric position of a work. In this case, a function is required that enables the relative position between the tool rest and the spindle to be changed in the radial direction of the spindle. This changing direction is a direction (Y-axis direction) perpendicular to the cutting direction of the tool post (X-axis direction). For this reason, the above function is called a Y-axis function or the like. When providing this Y-axis function, the tool post may be installed on a column or the like and vertically moved up and down. In this case, it is necessary to support the weight of the tool post, and a mechanism for supporting the tool post is required. It will be larger.

As a countermeasure against this problem, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 6, an inclined feeder 53 having an inclined guide 53a on an upper surface is mounted on a base 51 so as to be able to move forward and backward with respect to a headstock 52. There has been proposed a tool in which a tool support 54 is installed on the inclined guide 53a so as to be able to advance and retreat. In this case, Y
The axial movement is obtained by a combined movement of two axes, that is, the movement of the tool support 54 (X-axis direction) and the movement of the inclined feed table 53 (Yt direction). With this type of machine tool, there is also obtained an effect that the depth dimension Yt0, that is, the machine dimension in the tool support base moving direction on the horizontal projection plane is reduced. The moving limit of the tool support 54 is determined by a fixed value so that the tool support 54 does not interfere with the headstock 52 and peripheral devices.

[0004]

In a machine tool which obtains a Y-axis function by a combined movement of two axes as shown in FIG. 6, if the Y-axis position of the tool 57 is changed, the X-axis position also moves. Become. Therefore, if the X-axis movement limit is a fixed value, Y
Depending on the position of the axis, the position of the X-axis may exceed or may not exceed the actually required movement limit. For this reason,
There is a possibility that interference will occur or the moving range of the tool support will be unnecessarily limited.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to limit the movement of a tool support installed on an inclined feeder within an actually necessary movement limit irrespective of the Y-axis position, while obtaining a Y-axis function by synthetic movement. An object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool having a Y-axis function.
Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to more effectively obtain the effect of reducing the depth dimension in a machine tool provided with a turret. It is yet another object of the present invention to provide both a reduced depth dimension and a weight support for the tool support on the inclined guide.

[0006]

The present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 corresponding to an embodiment. The machine tool with a Y-axis function has a base (1), a headstock (2) installed on the base (1), and an inclined guide (3a) on the upper surface. An inclined feeder (3) which moves up and down with respect to the headstock (1), and the inclined guide (3) of the inclined feeder (3).
a) a tool support table (4) which is installed to be able to move back and forth in a) and moves forward and backward in the cutting direction with respect to the axis of the main shaft (5) by movement in a direction along the inclined guide (3a); Tool position control means (33) for moving the tool (7) in the direction (Y) orthogonal to the direction (X) along the inclined guide (3a) by the combined movement of the forward and backward movement of the tool support table (4) and the forward and backward movement of the tool support (4). The tool position control means (33)
Is a tool support (4) in a direction (X) along the inclination direction.
The movement limits (OT ₁ , OT ₂ ) are changed according to the position of the tool support 4 in the direction (Y) orthogonal to the tilt direction. According to this configuration, the Y-axis operation is performed by moving the tool support (4) forward and backward (in the X-axis direction) and by tilting the feed base (3).
(Yt direction) and the movement of two axes. Since the tool moving table (4) is installed along the inclined guide (3a), the effect of reducing the depth dimension, that is, the machine dimension in the tool supporting table moving direction (Yt) on the horizontal projection plane can be obtained. In this case, the tool position control means (33) sets the movement limit (OT ₁ ,
OT ₂ ) is changed according to the position of the tool support (4) in the direction (Y) orthogonal to the direction of inclination of the inclined guide (3a).
Therefore, it is possible to limit the movement of the tool support (4) installed on the inclined feeder (3) to the actually necessary movement limit regardless of the Y-axis position. Therefore, interference does not occur and the moving range of the tool support (4) is not unnecessarily limited.

In the present invention, the tool support (4) is provided.
A turret (6) may be mounted on the turret, and a tool (7) may be attached to the turret (6). As described above, when the turret (6) is mounted on the tool support (4) and the tool (7) is attached to the turret (6), the effect of reducing the depth dimension is more effective.

In the present invention, the tilt guide (3a) of the tilt feed base (3) may have a tilt angle of about 45 ° with respect to a horizontal plane. When the angle is approximately 45 °, both the reduction of the depth dimension and the weight support of the tool support (4) on the inclined guide (3a) are balanced.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, the machine tool with a Y-axis function includes a machine tool main body 10 and a control device 30 for controlling the machine tool main body 10. The machine tool main body 10 is formed of a lathe. First, the machine tool body 10
Will be described with reference to FIGS.

The machine tool main body 10 has a base 1, a headstock 2 mounted on the base 1, and an inclined guide 3a on the upper surface. Slide 3
And a tool support 4 which is installed on the inclined guide 3a of the inclined feed base 3 so as to be able to move forward and backward. A turret 6 is installed on the tool support 4 so as to be able to turn around a horizontal axis parallel to the spindle 5 installed on the headstock 2. The main shaft 5 is configured such that a long bar-shaped work can be inserted therein. A plurality of tools 7 are installed on the outer periphery of the turret 6, and some of the tools 7 are used as rotating tools such as milling tools and drill tools.

The base 1 is mainly composed of a bed 8. The headstock 2 is installed on a bed 8. In this case, the headstock 2 is installed along a guide 14 provided on the bed 8 so as to be able to advance and retreat in the spindle axis direction (Z-axis direction), and is driven forward and backward by a headstock advance / retreat drive device 15. The headstock advance / retreat drive device 15 includes a ball screw, a servomotor, and the like. A guide 9 for guiding the inclined feeder 3 in a horizontal direction orthogonal to the main shaft 5 on the upper surface of the base 1, that is, on the upper surface of the bed 8.
a is provided. In addition, the bed 8 has an inclined feeder 3
A tilting feed table advance / retreat drive device 12 including a ball screw, a servo motor, and the like for moving the axis forward and backward is provided.

The inclined feed table 3 provides a so-called Y-axis function. The inclined guide 3a is provided on the upper surface, and a tool support table advance / retreat driving device 13 is provided. Incline guide 3
“a” guides the tool support 4 so as to be able to advance and retreat in the cutting direction (X-axis direction) with respect to the axis of the main shaft 5 and is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal plane. This inclination angle θ (FIG. 4) is preferably about 45 °. The tool support table advance / retreat drive device 13 includes a ball screw, a servomotor, and the like.

The tool support 4 is a feed table that supports the tool 7 directly or via a tool post. In this example,
The tool support 4 supports the turret 6 as a tool rest so as to be able to swivel, and the turret 6 is positioned so that a desired tool station S on the outer peripheral surface of the turret 6 can be indexed at an angle corresponding to the main shaft 5. A turret turning mechanism (not shown) for turning is installed. The tool rest installed on the tool support 4 may be, for example, a tool on which a plurality of tools are installed and a desired tool is indexed by sliding movement in addition to the turret 6. Further, the tool support 5 may have a plurality of tools mounted on itself.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the main body 10 of the machine tool.
The machine tool main body 10 is configured as a facing two-axis lathe, and includes the headstock 2 and the base feed bar 9 described with reference to FIG.
A pair of single-spindle lathe portions 20, each of which includes an inclined feeder 3, a tool support 4, a turret 6, and the like, are installed on the bed 1 so as to face in the main axis direction Z. The bed 1 may be provided commonly to both single lathe portions 20 or may be provided separately. However,
The single-axis lathe portion 20 shown in FIG. 2 is the right-side single-axis lathe portion 20 in FIG. 3, and the left-side single-axis lathe portion 20 is different from the right-side single-axis lathe portion 20 in the following components. That is, in the left single-axis lathe portion 20, the headstock 2 is fixed, and the inclined feed base 3 is mounted on the base 1 via the base base feed base 9 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction.

The operation will be described with reference to FIG. The movement of the tool 7 attached to the turret 6 in the cutting direction (X-axis direction) is performed by moving the tool support 4 forward and backward along the inclined guide 3a of the inclined feed base 3 while the inclined feed base 3 is stopped. Is This movement causes the tool 7 to move in the cutting direction with respect to the axis of the main shaft 5 at normal times, that is, when the Y-axis function is not used. The movement of the tool 7 in the main spindle radial direction (Y-axis direction) orthogonal to the cutting direction (X-axis direction) is performed by moving the inclined feed base 3 forward and backward on the base 1 and on the inclined guide 3 a of the inclined feed base 3. This is performed by a combined movement with the forward and backward movement of the tool support 4. That is, the tool 7 moves together with the tool support 4 in the Y-axis direction by the reciprocation of the inclined feed base 3, and the tool support 4 moves in the cutting direction X with respect to the main shaft 5 with this movement. Will move. Therefore, the tool 7 can be moved in the Y-axis direction without changing the cutting direction position by moving the tool support base 4 on the inclined feed base 3 in the direction opposite to the direction in which the inclined feed base 3 moves forward and backward. The movement of the tool 7 in the spindle direction (Z-axis direction), that is, the feed operation in turning, is performed by moving the headstock 2 in one of the single-axis lathe portions 20 and the other (left side in FIG. 3) single-axis lathe. In the part 20, the movement is performed by the movement of the base part feed base 9.

The dimensional effects of the lathe will be described with reference to FIG. In the lathe having this configuration, the tool 7 is moved in the cutting direction X by moving the tool support 4 on the inclined guide 3 a of the inclined feed base 3. Therefore, for the stroke length a in the cutting direction (FIG. 4B) where a long stroke length is required for tool change or the like, the required width on the floor surface is:
The length b (= a) obtained by multiplying the cosine of the inclination angle θ of the inclination guide 3a
・ Cos θ). The inclined feed base 3 is moved forward and backward to move the tool 7 in the main spindle radial direction Y. However, the length required for the movement of the tool 7 in the main spindle radial direction Y is small, and is approximately equal to the work diameter at the maximum. The moving range of the inclined feed base 3 can be small. For this reason, the depth dimension (floor width in the cutting direction) required for installation of the lathe in consideration of the necessary moving range of each of the tables 3 and 4 can be reduced. It is preferable that the inclination angle θ of the inclination guide 3a of the inclination feed stand 3 be approximately 45 ° with respect to the horizontal plane. When the angle is set to 45 ° in this manner, the effect of reducing the depth dimension by inclining the inclined guide 3a and the increase in the support weight of the tool support base 4 due to the steep angle of the inclined guide 3a can be prevented. Both provide a well-balanced lathe.

Next, the control device 30 will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the control device 30 controls the single-short-axis lathe portion 20 on the right side of FIG. 2, and the description of the control of the single-short-axis lathe portion 20 on the left side is omitted. The control device 30 is a computer-type numerical control device that controls the machine tool body 10 by executing a machining program 31. The control device 30 includes a decoding unit 32, a tool position control unit 33, a Z-axis control unit 36, and a sequence control unit (not shown). An X-axis control unit 34, a Yt-axis control unit 35, and a movement limit setting unit 3
8 are provided. The decoding means 32 decodes the machining program 31 composed of an NC code or the like and sends a movement command of each axis to the control unit 34, 35, 36 of the corresponding axis.
A sequence control command in the machining program 31 is transferred to the sequence control unit. The Z-axis controller 36 controls the movement of the Z-axis, that is, the control of the headstock advance / retreat driving device 15, in accordance with the Z-axis movement command of the machining program 31 sent from the decoding means 32.

The tool position control means 33 controls the movement of the tool 7 in the direction Y perpendicular to the direction X along the inclined guide 3a by the combined movement of the forward and backward movement of the inclined feed base 3 and the forward and backward movement of the tool support base 4. This is a means for performing advance and retreat control for cutting the tool support 4. Tool position control means 3
Numeral 3 changes the movement limits OT ₁ , OT ₂ of the tool support 4 in the direction X along the tilt direction according to the position of the tool support 4 in the direction Y orthogonal to the tilt direction X. In the tool position control means 33, the Yt axis control unit 35
Is the Y of the machining program 31 sent from the decoding means 32
In accordance with the axis movement command, the movement of the Yt axis component, that is, the control of the tilting feed plate advance / retreat drive device 12 is performed.

The X-axis control unit 34 controls the movement of the X-axis, that is, the control of the tool support table advance / retreat drive unit 13, in accordance with the X-axis movement command of the machining program 31 sent from the decoding means 32. In addition, the X-axis control unit 34 also performs X-axis movement control necessary in response to the Y-axis movement command of the machining program 31 sent from the decoding means 32, that is, controls the tool support base advance / retreat drive device 13.

The X-axis control unit 34 includes a movement limit setting unit 37.
And the movement limit OT on the headstock 2 side and the other end side
₁ and OT ₂ are set. X-axis control section 34 is intended to only move the tool support 4 in a range between the moving limits OT _1, OT _2, when there is a command that exceeds the travel limit OT _1, OT ₂ is movement limit OT _The tool support 4 is stopped at the position ₁ , OT ₂ or another position, and an alarm signal is output. In the movement limit setting means 37, the movement limits OT ₁ and OT ₂ can be variably set. The movement limit calculating means 38 calculates the positions of the movement limits OT ₁ and OT ₂ of the tool support 4 corresponding to the position of the tool support 3 when the control device 30 executes the Y-axis movement command of the machining program 31. This is a means for changing the setting position of the movement limit setting means 37. The calculation of the positions of the movement limits OT ₁ and OT ₂ is performed so that, for example, even if the Y-axis position is changed, the movement limit of the tool support 3 in the Yt-axis direction, which is the position in the depth direction with respect to the base 1, is constant. Do.

The change of the movement limits OT ₁ and OT ₂ by the above configuration will be described. As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, when the Y-axis position of the tool 7 is changed, in order to keep the position of the tool 7 in the X-axis direction constant, not only the movement of the inclined feed base 3 but also the The X-axis position, which is the position of the tool moving table 4 with respect to the inclined feed table 3, is also changed. For this reason, if the movement limits OT ₁ and OT ₂ (FIG. 1B) in the X-axis direction are fixed values, the X-axis position may exceed the actually required movement limit or go out depending on the Y-axis position. You will be missing.

Therefore, the movement limits OT ₁ and OT ₂ are variably set by the movement limit calculation means 38 so that the movement range of the cutting edge position T is shown in FIG. In the figure, a straight line L ₁ indicates the range of movement of the tool 7 in the X-axis direction when the Y-axis position of the tool 7 coincides with the axis of the main shaft 5, and indicates the range of movement of the tool 7 within the range of the movement limits OT ₁ and OT _2. Is movable. When the Y-axis position of the tool 7 is moved as indicated by the straight line L ₂ , the movement limit is a movement amount ΔX in the X-axis direction corresponding to the movement amount ΔYt of the inclined support base 3 for changing the Y-axis position. The positions of OT ₁ , OT ₂ are changed, and OT ₁ ′, O
T ₂ ′. Thereby, the movement limit of the tool support 4 in the depth direction Yt with respect to the base 4 is kept constant. Therefore, while obtaining the Y-axis function by the synthetic motion, the inclined feed base 3
The movement of the tool support 4 installed at the position within the actually required movement limit can be restricted irrespective of the Y-axis position. Therefore, interference does not occur and the moving range of the tool support 4 is not unnecessarily limited.

[0023]

The machine tool with a Y-axis function according to the present invention has a base, a headstock mounted on the base, and an inclined guide on the upper surface, and moves back and forth on the base with respect to the headstock. An inclined feed base, a tool support base which is mounted on the inclined guide so as to be able to move forward and backward, and moves in a cutting direction with respect to the axis of the main shaft by moving in a direction along the inclined guide; and an inclined feed base. Tool position control means for moving the tool in a direction orthogonal to the direction along the inclined guide by a combined movement of the forward and backward movement of the tool support table and the forward and backward movement of the tool support base, wherein the tool position control means Since the movement limit of the tool support is changed according to the position of the tool support in the direction perpendicular to the tilt direction, the tool support installed on the inclined feed base is obtained while obtaining the Y-axis function by the synthetic motion. Stand, regardless of Y-axis position , It can be moved restrict actually within displacement limits required. Therefore, interference does not occur and the moving range of the tool support is not unnecessarily limited. When a turret is mounted on the tool support and a tool is attached to the turret, the effect of reducing the depth dimension is more effective. When the inclined guide of the inclined feeder has an inclination angle of approximately 45 ° with respect to a horizontal plane, both the reduction of the depth dimension and the weight support of the tool support on the inclined guide are balanced. Can be taken.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a conceptual configuration of a machine tool with a Y-axis function according to an embodiment of the present invention and an explanatory diagram of a position of a cutting edge thereof.

FIG. 2 is a left side view of the machine tool main body.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the machine tool main body.

FIG. 4 (A) is a schematic side view thereof, and FIG. 4 (B) is an explanatory view of its dimensional relationship.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a Y-axis operation of the machine tool main body.

FIG. 6 is a side view of another conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Base 2 ... Headstock 3 ... Incline feed 3a ... Incline guide 4 ... Tool support 5 ... Spindle 6 ... Turret 7 ... Tool 10 ... Machine tool main body 12 ... Incline feed slide advance / retreat drive 13 ... Tool support advance / retreat Drive device 30 Control device 31 Machining program 33 Tool position control means 34 X-axis control unit 35 Yt-axis control unit 37 Movement limit setting means 38 Movement limit calculation means OT ₁ , OT ₂ Movement limit X Inclination direction Y: direction perpendicular to the inclination direction

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A base, a headstock installed on the base, an inclined feeder having an inclined guide on an upper surface, and moving forward and backward on the base with respect to the headstock; A tool support base which is installed on the inclined guide so as to be able to move forward and backward, and performs an advance / retreat operation in a cutting direction with respect to the axis of the main spindle by moving in a direction along the inclination guide; an advance / retreat operation of the inclined feed table; Tool position control means for moving the tool in a direction perpendicular to the direction along the inclined guide by the combined movement of the tool support table, the tool position control means, the movement limit of the tool support table in the direction along the inclination direction, the inclination A machine tool with a Y-axis function that changes according to the position of the tool support in a direction perpendicular to the direction. 2. A turret is mounted on the tool support,
The machine tool with a Y-axis function according to claim 1, wherein a tool is attached to the turret. 3. The machine tool with a Y-axis function according to claim 1, wherein the tilt guide of the tilt feeder has a tilt angle of about 45 ° with respect to a horizontal plane.