JP2003274888A - Crushed fruit, and food and drink - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crushed product of essentially whole fruit having good taste and flavor and rich in an estrogen-like active substance originated from the fruit, and provide foods and drinks containing the crushed product and a method for producing the crushed product. <P>SOLUTION: The crushed product of the essentially whole fruit has a relative concentration of an estrogen-like active substance of ≥2 based on the fruit juice prepared by conventional method. This invention further provides the foods and drinks containing the crushed product of the essentially whole fruit and/or its treated material, and the method for the production of the crushed product of the essentially whole fruit by crushing and homogenizing a fruit raw material without squeezing and/or straining treatment. The fruit is preferably pomegranate. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ground product of a substantially whole fruit having a good flavor and rich in estrogen-like active substance, a food or drink containing the ground product, and a method for producing the ground product.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the tendency of women in their twenties to have menopausal symptoms such as menstrual irregularity, menstrual pain, coldness, dizziness, and stiff shoulder has been increasing. In addition, osteoporosis diseases due to changes in eating habits are also increasing. Some of these causes are psychogenic due to ataxia of autonomic nerves and stress, but the female hormone estrogen is deeply involved. Estrogen decreases not only with aging but also with stress and unreasonable diets, and the hormone balance is lost. The coping therapy includes taking synthetic estrogen. However, it has been reported that taking synthetic estrogen is too strong and may be accompanied by side effects such as breast pain, uterine cancer and liver dysfunction. On the other hand, phytoestrogen, which is a substance contained in plants and showing estrogen-like activity, is said to be free from this side effect. Phytoestrogens include isoflavones contained in soybeans, chickpeas, lentils, and other beans, lignans contained in grains, fruits, and vegetables, soybeans, kumestan contained in sprouts of alfalfa, apple, licorice, kidney beans, pomegranates, and dates. Known estrogen and the like. Among these, plant estrogens derived from fruits, which have a high palatability, such as pomegranate, are drawing attention.

Pomegranate has been prized as a herbal medicine and juice in Persia, the birthplace of civilization, for 6000 years, and has been craved as a symbol of beauty and prosperity of descendants.
However, the pomegranate juice has a problem that the abundant estrogen-like active substance contained in the seeds is not fully utilized because the seeds are removed and discarded after squeezing in the usual juice manufacturing process. Was there. That is, there has been a demand for the development of a fruit food containing abundant estrogen-like active substances derived from fruits and having high palatability.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to grind a substantially whole fruit having a good flavor and containing abundant estrogen-like active substances derived from fruit, and foods and drinks containing the grind,
And to provide a method for producing the ground product.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is summarized as follows. The first invention of the present invention is a grind of fruit, wherein the relative concentration of the estrogen-like active substance with respect to the juice is prepared by a usual method. It relates to a ground product of substantially all fruits, which is more than double the amount of fruit juice. The second invention is the first invention.
The present invention relates to a food or drink comprising the ground product of substantially all fruits and / or the processed product thereof. And 3rd invention is invention regarding the manufacturing method of the ground material of substantially all fruit of 1st invention, Comprising: Grinding and homogenizing a fruit raw material, without performing squeezing and / or lining. It is characterized by

The present inventors have conducted extensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and as a result, by treating a fruit containing an estrogen-like active substance without removing its seed and skin, It was found that a ground product of virtually all fruits containing abundant estrogen-like active substances of (1) above, having good organoleptic properties and high palatability can be obtained, and completed the present invention.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be specifically described below. The fruit used in the present invention contains phytoestrogen-like active substances such as pomegranate, cherries, strawberries and grapes, and pomegranate is particularly preferably used in the present invention.

The term "substantially whole fruit" as used in the present invention includes a fruit skin and fruit components, seeds, seed coats and the like inside thereof. Fruits having outer and inner skins may or may not have outer skins removed. For example, in pomegranate,
It includes seeds and an outer seed coat that covers the outside of the seeds. The fruit may be frozen and then ground, or may be ground as it is.

In the method of producing a ground product of substantially all fruits referred to in the present invention, grinding means grinding or grinding to make the raw material fine, and homogenization means being present in a liquid. Mechanically crushes emulsifying substances and particulate matter
It is to miniaturize to create a uniform emulsion and / or suspension. As an apparatus for this grinding, there is, for example, Masuyuki Sangyo Co., Ltd. Super Mass Colloider ^R, and the clearance of the grinder can be adjusted in the range of 10 to 300 μm. However, when using a raw material containing hard seeds, coarse crushing is necessary as a pretreatment for grinding. As an apparatus for such coarse crushing, for example, a granulator manufactured by Nippon Granulator Co., Ltd. or a contraplex manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Co., Ltd.
There are hammer mills manufactured by Nara Machinery Co., Ltd. and hammer crushers manufactured by Makino Sangyo Co., Ltd. As a homogenizing device, for example, a high-pressure high-speed type high-pressure homogenizer,
There are a high-speed rotation type colloid mill, a cavitation type ultrasonic homogenizer and the like, and it is preferable to use a high pressure homogenizer in the present invention. By properly adjusting these milling equipment and homogenizing equipment, it is possible to produce milled materials having various particle size distributions.

In the ground product of substantially all fruits obtained by the above-mentioned method, the particle size distribution and the sensory evaluation of the ground product are closely related. Sensory good particle size fraction is 10-100
It is in the range of μm. The fraction less than 10 μm lacks richness, richness, and throat sensation, and the fraction exceeding 100 μm
The taste is grainy. Therefore, the ground fruit product of the present invention preferably has a particle size fraction of 10 to 100 μm, and it is particularly preferable in terms of flavor that the particle size fraction contains at least 50 w / w% or more.

The estrogen-like active substance contained in the ground product of substantially all fruits of the present invention is a generic term for substances having binding activity to estrogen receptors α and / or β, and 17β-estradiol (E
₂₎ and after competition binding reaction of the sample, the free E ₂ remaining E ₂
It can be measured by an enzyme immunoassay method using an antibody.

The concentration of the estrogen-like active substance contained in the ground product of substantially all fruits of the present invention can be measured using a commercially available estrogen receptor binding substance screening kit, for example, a kit manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd. That is, a ligand for the estrogen receptor (E
₂ ) Perform a competitive binding reaction (binding inhibition reaction) between the sample and
Then, a competitive binding reaction of the remaining free ligand and the enzyme-labeled ligand with the immobilized anti-estrogen antibody is performed. The concentration of the estrogen-like active substance in the sample can be known by measuring the enzyme activity of the enzyme-labeled ligand bound to the antibody by color development with a color-developing substrate (absorbance measurement). Generally, the concentration of a standard substance having an estrogen activity, for example, DES (diethylstilbestrol) is changed stepwise to perform a competitive binding reaction, and the relationship between the concentration and the inhibition degree of the binding reaction is plotted (graphed). 50% inhibitory concentration (IC ₅₀ ) is determined. Similarly, the IC ₅₀ of the sample can be obtained, and the concentration of the estrogen-like active substance in the sample can be converted into DES and displayed by comparing the IC ₅₀ of the two. However, the phytoestrogen activity of fruits and the like is generally low, and it is difficult to determine the IC ₅₀ at the stage of crude extract for the reasons that the adverse effect on the measurement system cannot be ignored when a concentrated sample is used. . Therefore, in the present invention, the relationship between the dilution ratio and the absorbance ratio (%) of the stepwise diluted sample is plotted to obtain the dilution ratio (50% absorbance ratio) at which the absorbance ratio becomes 50%. Similarly, the 50% absorbance ratio of the comparative sample is obtained, and the 50% absorbance ratios of both are compared to display the concentration of the estrogen-like active substance in the sample as a relative concentration to the comparative sample. In addition,
The absorbance ratio (%) can be calculated by the following equation (Equation 1).

(Equation 1) Absorbance ratio (%) = [(absorbance S) / (absorbance B)] × 1
00 Here, the absorbances S and B represent the absorbance of the sample (S) and the absorbance of the blank (B), respectively. The estrogen-like active substance contained in the ground product of substantially all fruits measured in this manner has a relative concentration of 2 times or more that of the estrogen-like active substance contained in the fruit juice prepared by the usual method. Indicates. This is because the ground product of the present invention effectively elutes the estrogen-like active substance that is abundantly contained in the peel and fruit seeds.

The term "food or drink" as used in the present invention means a food or drink using the ground product of the present invention and / or its treated product as at least a part of the raw material. For example, the ground product can be directly used as food or drink, or can be concentrated or dried to paste,
Treated products such as jams and dried products can be prepared. These treated products can easily take the estrogen-like active substance. Further, additives can be added to these foods and drinks. The additive is not particularly limited as long as it is recognized as a food and a food additive, and examples thereof include fructose-glucose liquid sugar, white sugar, granulated sugar, fructose, glucose, oligosaccharides and other sugars and / or Sweeteners such as aspartame, stevia, fucose, miraculin, swingle, colorants such as red cabbage, annatto, carotenoids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, citric acid, sodium citrate, malic acid, lactic acid, phosphoric acid, tartaric acid, phytic acid, etc. Acidulant, vitamin A, carotene, vitamin B
1, vitamins such as vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, and also flavors.

In ordinary fruit juices, seeds and skins are removed by operations such as squeezing and lining, and as a result, estrogen-like active substances, which are generally present in them, are removed. However, since the ground product of the present invention, particularly the ground pomegranate product of substantially all fruits has a good flavor derived from the raw material and contains both seed and skin, the relative concentration of the estrogen-like active substance in the fruit juice is 2 The food and drink containing the ground product and / or the processed product thereof is more than double, and is a novel food and drink excellent in sensuality and functionality.

[0016]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 Properties of Substantially Whole Pomegranate Ground Pomegranate 3 kinds of commercially available pomegranate (hereinafter referred to as sample A, sample B,
And sample C) and after cutting the fruit in half, the outer seed coat containing the seeds is removed. At the same time, remove foreign substances and rotten fruits. Next, it is soaked in boiling water at 98 ° C. to inactivate the enzyme, and then rapidly frozen by the blast freezing method in which low-temperature cold air is flown through the fruit at high speed. After roughly crushing the frozen pomegranate with a hammer crusher, the clearance is adjusted to 200 μm using a supermass colloider and then ground. After grinding, the mixture was homogenized with a high-pressure homogenizer to obtain a ground pomegranate product (the present invention 1 to 3). The particle size distribution of the obtained pomegranate ground product of the present invention 1 is measured using a laser diffraction type particle size measuring device and is less than 10 μm, 10 to 40 μm, more than 40 to 70 μm, more than 70 to 10 by vibrating sieve.
It was fractionated into 5 sections of 0 μm and more than 100 μm, and a sensory test was conducted. Then, sensory tests of the ground pomegranates of the present invention 1, the invention 2, and the invention 3 and the relative concentration of the estrogen-like active substance were measured. On the other hand, as a control, the same pomegranate was treated by the conventional in-line juice extraction method to obtain pomegranate juice (Comparative Examples 1 to 3), and the sensory test and the relative concentration of the estrogen-like active substance were measured. The above-mentioned sensory test was carried out by 15 panelists on a five-grade scale of 1: poor to 5: good. The relative concentration of the estrogen-like active substance was measured by a kit manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., Ligand Screeni.
ng System-Estrogen Recept
or α (product number ERA-101) and β (product number ERB-101). That is, 1.0 g of the pomegranate ground product (the present invention 1 to 3) and pomegranate fruit juice (Comparative Examples 1 to 3) prepared by a usual squeezing method were added to 1.0 g of distilled water.
ml was added, and the mixture was extracted twice with 8.0 ml of diethyl ether. The ether layer was evaporated to dryness and dissolved in 0.1 ml of DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide). The estrogen-like active substance measurement sample was obtained by serially diluting with a dilution buffer.
Hereinafter, a competitive binding reaction (binding inhibition reaction) with a ligand for the estrogen receptor is performed according to the measurement flow of the kit, the absorbance at 450 nm is measured, and the relationship between the dilution rate and the absorbance ratio (%) is plotted. %
The dilution ratio (50% absorbance ratio) was calculated. From the ratio of the 50% absorbance ratio of the ground product to the fruit juice, the concentration of the estrogen-like active substance of the ground pomegranate product (the present invention 1 to 3) was expressed as the relative concentration to the pomegranate fruit juice. Table 1 shows the particle size distribution of the ground pomegranate of the present invention 1 and the result of the sensory test of the particle size classification. Further, the pomegranate ground product (the present invention 1 to
Table 2 shows the result of the sensory test of 3) and the measurement result of the relative concentration of the estrogen-like active substance.

[0018]

[Table 1]

[0019]

[Table 2]

From the results shown in Table 1, the ground pomegranate product of the present invention 1 contained 52.5% of a section of 10 to 100 μm which gives a rich taste and a rich feeling, and was organoleptically good. 10
The sensory evaluations of the categories of less than 100 μm and more than 100 μm are low, and in the ground product of the present invention 1, 24.2 each.
% And 23.3%. Further, from the results of Table 2, the ground pomegranates of the present inventions 1, 2, and 3 had a rich taste, the sourness peculiar to pomegranate was alleviated, and were excellent in palatability as compared with ordinary pomegranate juice. Furthermore, the relative concentration of the estrogen-like active substance was more than double the value of ordinary pomegranate juice, and was functionally superior.

Example 2 Paste Using Pomegranate Grinded Product of Substantially All Fruits Using 1 kg of the pomegranate ground product of Invention 1, a pomegranate paste (Invention 4) was concentrated by heating under reduced pressure with a vacuum concentrator. Manufactured. The heating and vacuum concentration conditions are 70 ° C. and 55
cmHg, 3 hours. On the other hand, as a control, a pomegranate paste (Comparative Example 4) was produced in the same manner as in Invention 4 using 1 kg of the pomegranate juice prepared in Comparative Example 1 by the in-line juice extraction method. Perfume 0.1 g was added to these pastes to adjust the water content so that the concentration rate was the same. Then 95
Sterilization was performed at 50 ° C., 50 g of glass bottles were filled, and the sensory test and the relative concentration of the estrogen-like active substance were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0022]

[Table 3]

From the results shown in Table 3, the paste produced from the ground pomegranate material (Invention 4) is a paste produced from the conventional juice of pomegranate juice (comparative example 4).
It was good with a rich taste and richness. Further, since the present invention 4 does not remove the seed portion as compared with Comparative Example 4,
It contained a lot of estrogen-like active substances.

Example 3 Tablets Using Pomegranate Grinded Product of Substantially All Fruit The pomegranate ground product of Invention 1 was dried at 95 ° C. for 18 hours in a hot air dryer.
After heating and drying for a period of time, it is pulverized with an ultra-high speed pulverizer, and 920 g of powder of the pomegranate ground product, 50 g of crystalline cellulose
30 g of sucrose fatty acid ester was blended and compressed to give pomegranate tablets (Invention 5). Tableting condition is 1kg / c
m ^{2 to 2} kg / cm ² . On the other hand, as a control, Comparative Example 1
Tablets of pomegranate (Comparative Example 5) were produced in the same manner as in the present invention 5 by using the pomegranate juice obtained by the in-line juice production method in 1. With respect to the obtained tablets, the relative concentration of the estrogen-like active substance was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0025]

[Table 4]

From Table 4, it was found that the invention 5 produced from the ground pomegranate product as a raw material had a higher relative concentration of the estrogen-like active substance than the comparative example 5 produced from the conventional juice of pomegranate juice as a raw material.

Example 4 Beverage Using Pomegranate Ground Product of Substantially All Fruits The pomegranate ground product of Invention 1 was used to produce a pomegranate fruit beverage (Invention 6). On the other hand, as a control, a pomegranate fruit drink (Comparative Example 6) was produced in the same manner as in Invention 6 by using the pomegranate fruit juice produced by the inline juice production method in Comparative Example 1. Table 5 shows the charge composition.

[0028]

[Table 5]

Raw materials were blended according to the blending table in Table 5, sterilized at 95 ° C., filled in a 1-liter PET bottle, and subjected to a sensory test in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 6.

[0030]

[Table 6]

From Table 6, the present invention 6 produced by using the ground pomegranate product has the original flavor of pomegranate, as compared with the comparative example 6 produced by using only the pomegranate juice obtained by conventional juice extraction.
It imparted a rich taste and richness, and was excellent in palatability.

[0032]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, according to the present invention, a substantially whole fruit grind containing abundant estrogen-like active substances in fruits, having a rich flavor and excellent organoleptic properties, and containing the grind. It is possible to provide a food and drink obtained by the method and a manufacturing method thereof.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Satoshi Matsuoka             Shijogyo-ku, Kyoto Prefecture             Nishimachi 60 Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd. Head Office F-term (reference) 4B016 LC07 LE05 LG01 LP01 LP08                 4B017 LC03 LE10 LG01 LP03 LP18                 4B018 LB08 MD52 ME14 MF02 MF07

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A grind of fruit, wherein the relative concentration of the estrogen-like active substance to the fruit juice is at least twice that of the fruit juice prepared by a conventional method. . 2. The ground product of substantially all fruits according to claim 1, wherein the fruits are pomegranates. 3. A food or drink comprising the ground product of substantially all fruits according to claim 1 or 2 and / or a processed product thereof. 4. The method for producing a ground product of substantially whole fruit according to claim 1, wherein the fruit raw material is ground and homogenized without squeezing and / or lining.