JP2003267291A - Floating body type container terminal - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To shorten the lift of a container and control the bend of a floating structure. <P>SOLUTION: A container crane 104 is installed on the floating body 101 floating on a water surface 102. A container C is loaded on a container ship 103 by the container crane 104. A part of a container crane installation surface 101c is deeper in the floating structure 101, and the container crane installation surface 101c is higher than a container stocking surface 101b. Since the part of the container crane installation surface 101c is deeper and stronger, bend of the floating structure 101 can be maintained within a designated range even if the container crane is installed. Since the container crane arrangement surface 101c is higher, a leg 104e can be shortened and lift of the container can be shortened. A dolphin fender type mooring device 150 is provided inside of the deeper part of the floating structure 101. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a floating container terminal, and can improve the strength of a floating structure when loading and unloading a container from a container ship so that flexure (deformation) can be kept within a predetermined range. As well as
It is designed to shorten the container lifting time and shorten the container loading and unloading time. Further, the present invention is devised so that the mooring device can be arranged while effectively utilizing the upper surface of the floating structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a container terminal has been installed at a port in order to load and unload containers of container ships. In this container terminal, a container crane was installed along the quay for loading and unloading a container ship, and a vast space (container yard: container storage surface) was required to store the container.

As described above, the container terminal requires a large site, and the container ship has a deep draft, so
A deep water depth of 0 to 15 m is required. Therefore, the construction usually involves large-scale land reclamation work. When landfilling deep waters, problems such as soaring civil engineering costs, land subsidence after landfill, and environmental destruction due to landfill are problems.

Therefore, a floating container terminal has been designed and various proposals have been made. Here, the already proposed floating container terminal will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 6, a floating structure 1 is a large, planar structure floating on a water surface 2, and its thickness is uniform (for example, 5 m). A container ship 3 is docked on the quay 1a side of the floating structure 1. And the floating structure 1
A container crane 4 is arranged along the quay 1a on the upper surface of the. A transfer crane 5 and a yard tractor / trailer 6 are provided on the upper surface of the floating structure 1 excluding the surface on which the container crane 4 is arranged.

In order to land the container C loaded on the container ship 3, the trolley 4a of the container crane 4 is positioned above the container ship 3 and the spreader (hanging tool) 4b is unwound from the trolley 4a. Hold C. When the spreader 4b grips the container C, the spreader 4b
b is rolled up to a height at which it can traverse, and the trolley 4a is attached to the boom 4c, together with the spreader 4b holding the container C.
Horizontal traverse along girder 4d (moves to the right in Fig. 6)
To do. When the trolley 4a is located at the right end portion of the girder 4d (above the floating structure 1), the trolley 4a is stopped, and the container C holding the spreader 4b is unwound onto the yard tractor / crane 6 or the like. To load. The spreader 4b that has released the container C is wound up again. Landing is performed by repeating such an operation.

The unloaded container C is transported by the yard tractor / crane 6 and stored on the container storage surface 1b by the transfer crane 5. In addition, in order to load the container ship 3, the container C is loaded and unloaded in the reverse order of landing.

Further, in order to maintain the position of the floating structure 1 on which an external force such as wind, waves, tidal current, etc. acts, the floating structure 1 is provided with a mooring device.

As this mooring device, a dolphin fender type mooring device is widely adopted. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, which is a plan view of the floating structure 1, the dolphin fender mooring device 50 is arranged in the through holes 1c formed in a plurality of positions of the floating structure 1. The dolphin fender mooring device 50 is configured with a dolphin 51 and a fender 52 as main members. Dolphin 51
Is supported by a stake fixed to the seabed, and its tip projects above the sea surface. Fender (fender) 5
2 functions as a cushioning material and is made of a rubber material. The fender 52 is fixed to the dolphin 51 side or the floating structure 1 side (hole wall surface of the through hole 1c). In addition, in FIG. 7, the container crane 4, the transfer crane 5, and the like provided on the upper surface of the floating structure 1.
The tractor / trailer 6 for the yard and the like are not shown.

By providing such a dolphin fender type mooring device 50, the floating structure 1 is moored. Although the floating structure 1 moves up and down depending on the tide level,
The height of the dolphin 51 is set so that the engagement between the dolphin 51 and the through hole 1c is maintained via the fender 52 at both low tide and high tide. Moreover, in order to facilitate the maintenance of the dolphin 51, even when the tide is high, the top of the dolphin 51 is positioned above the upper surface of the floating structure 1, so that the dolphin 51 can be maintained.
The height (length) of is set.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of dolphin fender type mooring devices 50 are arranged around the floating structure 1.

[0012]

By the way, in the floating container terminal shown in FIG. 6, since the weight of each container crane 4 is about 1000 tons, which is extremely heavy, the floating structure is arranged at the portion where the container crane 4 is arranged. 1 may be bent (deformed). When such bending occurs, the container crane 4 tilts, and there is a possibility that the tilt of the container crane 4 cannot be kept within an allowable range. In addition, when the container crane 4 is loaded and unloaded, the crane legs 4 are moved along with the movement of the trolley 4a.
The wheel pressures of e and 4f change, and the inclination of the container crane 4 also changes. The change in inclination due to the movement of the trolley 4a destroys the relative positional relationship with the container ship 3 and deteriorates the cargo handling efficiency. In addition, when a windstorm such as a typhoon causes waves to directly blow or flow into the surface of the floating structure 1 or the traveling drive unit of the container crane 4, rust prevention measures and sufficient wastewater treatment facilities are required.

Further, like the conventional quayside terminal,
Since the distance from the position of the girder 4d of the container crane 4 to the surface of the floating structure 1 is long, the lift of the container C was long when the container C was loaded and unloaded. Due to the long lift of the container, a long time was required for loading and unloading.

In order to prevent the floating structure from bending due to the weight of the container crane, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-301
In the "floating container yard with camber" described in Japanese Patent No. 581, a container crane is arranged with an initial curved upward bend attached to a portion of the floating structure where the container crane is arranged. When,
The downward flexure caused by the weight of the container crane and the initial flexure cancel each other out so that the floating structure is substantially horizontal. However, this JP-A-11-
In the technology of the 301581 publication, when the number of arranged container cranes is changed, the initial amount of deflection does not match the amount of deflection due to the weight of the container crane, the floating structure bends, and the crane cannot be held horizontally. However, there is a problem that the amount of bending due to the traverse of the trolley during cargo handling cannot be improved.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, when the through hole 1c of the floating structure 1 is provided with the dolphin fender type mooring device 50, the dolphin 51 projects above the upper surface of the floating structure 1. , The tractor for the yard at the portion where the mooring device 50 is provided and the peripheral portion thereof.
The trailer or the like could not travel, and the use of the upper surface of the floating structure 1 was restricted.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, when the dolphin fender type mooring device 50 is arranged around the floating structure 1, since the mooring device 50 projects from the periphery of the floating structure 1, the container ship 3 There was a problem that it hindered the berthing.

Further, in the dolphin fender type mooring device 50 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the fender 52 made of a rubber material is exposed to direct sunlight, which causes a problem that the fender 52 deteriorates. If the fender 52 is placed in a position submerged in water, the fender 52 is less likely to be exposed to sunlight and less likely to deteriorate, but in this case, a new problem arises in that maintenance of the fender 52 becomes difficult.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional arts. (1) The deformation of the floating structure can be accommodated within a predetermined range regardless of the number of container cranes arranged and the trolley traverse, (2) and
Even when a typhoon or other strong wind blows, waves can be prevented from flowing over the surface of the floating structure, and (3) the lifting height of the container can be shortened to shorten the time required for cargo handling, (4)
Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide a floating container terminal that does not obstruct the docking of a container ship even if it is provided with a mooring device and that can effectively utilize the upper surface of the floating structure.

[0019]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The structure of the present invention for solving the above problems is a floating structure floating on the water surface, and a container crane arranged on a portion of the upper surface of the floating structure along the quay where the ship berths. In the floating type container terminal having, the depth of the floating structure is such that the depth of the portion where the container crane is arranged has a great high rigidity with respect to the depths of other portions, and the floating structure is Among the upper surfaces of the above, the surface on which the container crane is arranged is located above the other surfaces.

Further, according to the structure of the present invention, the mooring device is provided inside the portion of the floating structure where the container crane is arranged, and the depth of the portion where the container crane is arranged is such that the container crane is arranged. Is set so as to be located above the upper end of the mooring device.

Further, the structure of the present invention is characterized in that the mooring device is a dolphin fender type mooring device.

[0022]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a front view showing a floating container terminal 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention (a view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2), and FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the floating container terminal 100.

1 and 2, the floating structure 101
Is a large planar structure floating on the water surface 102, and has, for example, a vertical length (vertical length in FIG. 2) of 2
The length in the lateral direction (the length in the left-right direction in FIG. 2) is 50 to 300 m and 2000 m. Of course, the dimensions of the floating structure 101 are not limited to those described above. The container ship 10 is attached to the quay 101a on both sides of the floating structure 101.
3 is docked. A plurality of container cranes 10 are provided along the quay 101a on the upper surface of the floating structure 101.
4 are arranged.

The depth of the floating structure 101 is not uniform,
The depth of the portion where the container crane 104 is arranged (the portion of the upper surface of the floating body structure 101 where the container crane placement surface 101c is located) is the other portion (the upper surface of the floating body structure 101 is the container storage surface 101b). It has a structure that is large and deep against the depth of the part where it is located. Specifically, assuming that a container crane having a weight of about 1000 tons is installed, the depth of the floating structure 101 is about 18 m at the portion where the container crane placement surface 101c is located, and the container storage surface 101b. It is about 8m in the part where is located. Moreover, the lower surface of the floating structure 101 is a flat surface, and the container crane placement surface 101c is the container storage surface 101.
It is located above b.

As described above, in the portion where the container crane 104 is arranged, since the floating structure 101 has a large depth and high rigidity, the installation load and the cargo handling depending on the arrangement of the container crane 104 are provided. The amount of deformation of the floating structure 101 can be suppressed to a minute with respect to the fluctuating load, and the cargo handling is not affected. Further, since the container crane placement surface 101c is located at a position higher than the sea surface or the container storage surface 101b, it is possible to prevent waves from flowing onto the surface of the floating structure 101 even during a typhoon or other storm. The legs 104e of the container 104 can be shortened, the weight of the container crane 104 can be reduced, and the variable load amount on the floating structure 101 can also be reduced.

Here, the container crane placement surface 101c
Even if the container crane 104 is installed in the floating structure 10
Container crane placement surface 1 to the extent that 1 does not bend
By increasing the rigidity of 01c, the floating structure 1
The deflection actually generated in 01 can be only a slight deflection due to the variable load amount at the time of loading and unloading the container crane.

Here, as an example of the cargo handling equipment configuration, a container crane 104 for cargo handling of a container ship traveling parallel to the quay, and a container crane 104 that is close to the quay and travels in the same direction as the traveling direction of the container crane 104. A trolley track rail for possible container transportation, a trolley 105 traveling on the rail, a traverser 106 for loading the trolley 105 and traversing in a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the container crane 104, and to the quay. It is assumed that the container storage surface 101b has a plurality of rows of yard cranes (overhead cranes 107) that travel in a right angle direction.

A dolly 105 and a traverser 106 are placed on the container crane placement surface 101c. Dolly 1
05 travels in the same direction as the moving direction of the container crane 104. The truck 105 is provided with two track groups, one of which is provided within the span of the container crane 104 and the other of which is provided within the traveling range of the yard crane. The traversers 106 are provided at both ends of the two track groups of the bogie 105, and traverse in the direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the container crane 104 in a state where the bogie 105 is placed and transfer between the track groups of the bogie 105.

The overhead crane 107, which functions as a yard crane, covers the entire surface of the container storage surface 101b, and also covers a track group of trucks (a portion opposite to the quay 101a) which is a part of the container crane placement surface 101c. It is arranged.

To dismount the container C loaded on the container ship 103, the trolley 1 of the container crane 104 is used.
04a is located above the container ship 103, and the trolley 1
The spreader (hanger) 104b is wound from 04a and the container C is grasped. When the spreader 104b holds the container C, the spreader 104b is rolled up to a height at which the spreader 104b can traverse and the spreader 10 holding the container C is held.
Along with 4b, the trolley 104a is traversed along the boom 104c and the girder 104d. When the trolley 104a is located above the container crane placement surface 101c, the trolley 10
4a is stopped, the spreader 104b is rolled down, and the container C which is being gripped is loaded on the carriage 105. The spreader 104b that has released the container C is wound up again.

The trolley 105 on which the container C is mounted travels and rests on the traverser 106. Traverser 106
Traverses while carrying the trolley 105 on which the container C is mounted and traverses to the rail on the yard side. Traverser 1
When 06 reaches the rail on the yard side, the carriage 105 carrying the container C descends from the traverser 106 and travels to a predetermined position.

The overhead crane 107 has a traverser 106.
The container C loaded on the trolley 105 that has traveled down to a predetermined position from above is grasped and picked up, and the container storage surface 1
It is transported to a predetermined position of 01b and stored.

Landing is carried out by repeating such an operation. In order to load the container ship 103, the container C is loaded and unloaded in the reverse order of landing.

Such a floating container terminal 10
At 0, since the position of the container crane placement surface 101c is higher than the position of the container storage placement surface 101b, the lift between the garter 104d of the container crane 104 and the container crane placement surface 101c is short. Similarly, the lift of the overhead crane 107 is also shortened. Since the lift is thus shortened, the distance for transporting the container C between the container ship 103 and the carriage 105 and between the overhead crane 107 and the carriage 105 is shortened accordingly. As a result, the time required for loading and unloading the container C can be shortened. Overhead crane 107
In the case of, since the lifting height is shortened, the hanging length of the rope for hanging the container is significantly shortened, and the steady rest time after the traveling is stopped can be shortened.

Further, in the portion where the container crane 104 is arranged, since the floating structure 101 is thick and has a high rigidity, the strength in this portion is high. As a result, even if the heavy container crane 104 is arranged, the bending of the floating structure 101 can be kept within a predetermined range. Of course, container crane 1
Even when the number of arrangements of 04 is changed or the trolley traverses, it can be accommodated within the predetermined deflection. Therefore, the inclination of the container crane 104 is within a predetermined range, and the container crane 104 can be safely operated. Further, since the depth of the peripheral portion of the floating structure 101 is increased, the wave-proof property is improved, the influence of waves and splashes can be reduced, and the safety is improved also from this aspect.

Further, the container crane placement surface 101c
However, since it is located higher than the container storage surface 101b, the legs 104e of the container crane 104 can be shortened and the weight of the container crane 104 can be reduced. Since the weight of the container crane 104 can be reduced as described above, the bending of the floating structure 101 can be suppressed also from this point.

In the portion where the container crane 104 is arranged, the container crane arrangement surface 101c is located higher than the container storage surface 101b, and
The bottom surface of the floating structure 101 (the surface facing the container crane arrangement surface 101c of the water surface side) may be projected downward to further increase the thickness. In addition, container cranes 1 are provided on both sides of the floating structure 101.
Not only the terminal form in which 04 is arranged but also the terminal form in which it is arranged on one side may be adopted.

Further, in the present embodiment, the cargo handling equipment configuration using the container crane, the yard overhead crane, the trolley, and the traverser is used, but this is just an example, and other cargo handling equipment may be used. The effect is obtained.

Further, in the floating container terminal 100 according to this embodiment, as conceptually shown in FIG.
A dolphin fender mooring device 150 is provided in a portion of the floating structure 101 where the container crane 104 is arranged, that is, in a portion of the floating structure 101 where the depth is large.

This dolphin fender type mooring device 15
The detailed structure of 0 is as shown in FIG. That is,
As shown in FIG. 3, a mooring device hole 101d is formed on the bottom surface of the portion of the floating structure 101 where the depth is large (the portion of the floating structure 101 where the container crane placement surface 101c is located). The bottom surface of the mooring device hole 101d is open and the top surface is closed. In this case, the container crane placement surface 101c is
The container crane placement surface 1 of the floating structure 101 is located above the upper surface of the mooring device hole 101d.
The depth of the portion where 01c is located is set.

Dolphin fender type mooring device 150
Is mainly composed of the dolphin 151 and the fender 152. The dolphin 151 is supported by a stake 153 fixed to the seabed, and the tip portion is inserted into the mooring device hole 101d in a state of protruding above the sea surface. The fender 152 is made of a rubber material, and is provided on the peripheral surface of the dolphin 151 or the mooring device hole 101.
It is fixed to the wall surface of hole d. Moreover, fender 15
The fixed position of 2 is set in the air that is not submerged in water.

The floating structure 101 moves up and down when the tide changes, but at low tide (when the floating structure 101 moves to the lower position) or at high tide (when the floating structure 101 moves to the upper position). Dolphin 151 is hole 10 for mooring device
The dimension of the dolphin fender mooring device 150 is set so that the state of being inserted in 1d can be ensured and the fender 152 can be positioned in the air without being submerged in water. Moreover, even at low tide (when the floating structure 101 moves to the lower position), a dolphin fender mooring device 150 and the mooring device 150 and the mooring device are provided so that a gap is formed between the top of the dolphin 151 and the upper surface of the mooring device hole 101d. The size of the device hole 101d is set.

After all, the portion of the floating structure 101 where the container crane 104 is arranged is deep (the container crane placement surface 10 of the floating structure 101).
A dolphin fender mooring device 150 including a mooring device hole 101d is provided inside a portion (1c where the depth is large). As described above, since the dolphin fender mooring device 150 is provided inside the deeper portion of the floating structure 101, the upper surface of the floating structure 101 is flat, and the dolphin does not protrude. Absent. Therefore, even if the dolphin fender mooring device 150 is provided, the use of the upper surface of the floating structure 101 (the container crane placement surface 101c) is not restricted and the upper surface of the floating structure 101 can be effectively used. .

Further, since the fender 152 is placed in the air without being submerged in water, the fender 152 can be easily maintained. Further, although the fender 152 is made of a rubber material, since it is arranged in the mooring device interior 101d, it is not exposed to sunlight (ultraviolet rays), and thus is less likely to deteriorate.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the arrangement of a plurality of dolphin fender mooring devices 150.
In FIG. 4, reference numerals 150A, 150B and 150c indicate
Both are dolphin fender mooring devices. The dolphin fender mooring device 150A is a mooring device in which fenders 152 are arranged on four sides of a dolphin 151, respectively, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), which is a sectional view. The dolphin fender mooring device 150B is a cross sectional view. As shown in FIG. 5B, the mooring device has fenders 152 arranged on two surfaces of a dolphin 151, respectively.
The dolphin fender mooring device 150C is a mooring device in which fenders 152 are arranged on the other two surfaces of the dolphin 151 as shown in FIG. 5C, which is a sectional view. Although different, the basic configuration is the same as the dolphin fender mooring device 150 shown in FIG. 3.

[0046]

As described above in detail with the embodiments, in the present invention, the floating body structure floating on the water surface and the portion of the upper surface of the floating body structure arranged along the quay where the ship berths are arranged. In the floating container terminal having a container crane, the depth of the floating structure is such that the depth of a portion where the container crane is arranged is larger than the depth of other portions. Among the upper surfaces of the objects, the surface on which the container crane is placed is located above the other surfaces. Therefore, the lifting height of the container crane and the overhead crane can be shortened to shorten the lifting height of the container, and also the steady rest time of the overhead crane can be shortened and the cargo handling time of the container can be shortened. In addition, since the depth of the surface on which the container crane is placed is large and the structure has high rigidity, even if a heavy container crane is placed, the floating structure does not bend beyond the allowable range of inclination of the crane, In addition, the increased depth can reduce waves and splashes, so that the container crane can be operated safely.

In the structure of the present invention, a mooring device (for example, a dolphin type mooring device) is provided inside the portion of the floating structure where the container crane is arranged, and the depth of the portion where the container crane is arranged is The surface on which the container crane is arranged is set to be located above the upper end of the mooring device. Therefore, the mooring device does not project on the upper surface of the floating structure, and the mooring device can be provided while ensuring effective use of the upper surface of the floating structure.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a floating container terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a floating container terminal according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a mooring device provided in the floating container terminal according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an arrangement state of mooring devices.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a mooring device.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a previously proposed floating container terminal.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a conventional arrangement state of mooring devices.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a conventional arrangement state of mooring devices.

[Explanation of symbols]

100 floating container terminals 101 floating structure 101a quay 101b Container storage surface 101c Container crane placement surface 101d Mooring device hole 102 water surface 103 container ship 104 container crane 105 dolly 106 Traversa 107 overhead crane 150 Dolphin fender mooring equipment 151 Dolphin 152 fender 153 piles C container

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) E02B 3/24 E02B 3/24 17/04 17/04 A (72) Inventor Masanori Masumoto Hiroshima City, Hiroshima Prefecture 4-6-22 Kannon Shinmachi, Nishi-ku, Hiroshima Research Institute, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshio Taguchi 4-6-22 Kannon Shinmachi, Nishi-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima (72) Inventor, Jun Funahashi 4-6-22 Kannon Shinmachi, Nishi-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima Prefecture Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. Hiroshima Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Masahiko Ozaki 5-717-1, Fukahori Town, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Sanryo Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Nagasaki Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Shinkichi Tanigaki 5-717-1, Fukahori-cho, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki Sanryo Heavy Industries Ltd. Nagasaki Laboratory F-term (reference) 2D018 BA00 3F205 AA10 BA06

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A floating container terminal having a floating structure floating on the surface of water and a container crane arranged on a portion of an upper surface of the floating structure along a quay where a ship berths, the depth of the floating structure. The depth of the portion where the container crane is placed is larger than the depth of the other portions, and the surface of the floating structure on which the container crane is placed is A floating container terminal characterized by being located above the plane. 2. The floating container terminal according to claim 1, wherein a mooring device is provided inside a portion of the floating structure where the container crane is arranged, and the depth of the portion where the container crane is arranged is A floating container terminal, wherein a surface on which the container crane is arranged is set to be located above an upper end of the mooring device. 3. The floating container terminal according to claim 2, wherein the mooring device is a dolphin fender mooring device.