JP2003266372A - Disassembling device and method for transformer core, and toxic substance treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the efficiency of the disassembling work of a transformer core in a disassembling device and method for transformer core and a toxic substance treatment method. <P>SOLUTION: The transformer core 13 is placed on a base 31, and a copper wire coil 12 is nipped by a frame 34 for constraining the transformer core 13. A lifting table 37 is liftably provided on the frame 34, a cutting blade 41 is reciprocatably supported on the lifting table 37 by a hydraulic cylinder 38, and the lifting table 37 is lifted and lowered by the ball screw shaft 45 of a motor 44 so that the cutting blade 41 is movable in the laminated direction of a band plate in an iron core 11. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention can achieve an apparatus and method for disassembling a transformer core used in pole transformers, transformers for distribution, etc., and complete treatment of a transformer core contaminated with harmful substances such as PCB. Toxic substance processing method

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, PCB (Polychlorinated bi
phenyl, polychlorinated biphenyl: a generic term for chlorinated isomers of biphenyl) is highly toxic and its manufacture and import are prohibited. Although this PCB was first manufactured in Japan around 1954, its adverse effects on the living body and environment became clear after the Kanemi Yusho incident.
In 2 years, there was a history of instructions to discontinue production and collection (duty of storage) by administrative guidance.

PCB has 1 to 1 chlorine in the biphenyl skeleton.
It has 0 substitutions, and theoretically there are 209 kinds of isomers depending on the number and position of the substituted chlorine.
About 100 or more isomers have been confirmed in CB products. In addition, the physical and chemical properties among these isomers, the in vivo stability, and the environmental dynamics are so diverse that the chemical analysis of PCB and the mode of environmental pollution are complicated at present. Further, PCB is one of the persistent organic pollutants, is not easily decomposed in the environment, is fat-soluble, has a high bioconcentration rate, and is semi-volatile, and is capable of being transferred through the atmosphere. In addition, it has been reported that it widely remains in the environment such as water and living things.

This PCB was an abandoned PC in 1997.
B, waste oil containing PCB, and PCB pollutants are designated as specially controlled wastes based on the law on waste treatment and cleaning. In addition, wood chips and fiber scraps were added as PCB pollutants in 1997. Designated.

There are high-voltage transformers, high-voltage capacitors, low-voltage transformers and capacitors, pole transformers as electric equipments to be treated with PCBs, and waste PCBs used as heat medium or as insulating oil. In addition, there are kerosene and the like used for cleaning these, and as the pressure-sensitive waste paper, there is capsule oil used for carbonless paper, and further, use of these PCBs or replacement of heat medium, regeneration of insulating oil, leakage. There are PCB pollutants such as activated carbon used in the purification of the above, the treatment of PCB-containing substances, waste white clay, waste waste, work clothes and the like. Currently, these are strictly stored, but urgent PCB treatment is desired.

In recent years, various techniques for processing PCBs used in such transformers have been developed.
For example, the technique described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-79531 is known. FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of a conventional PCB processing method.

In the conventional PCB processing method, as shown in FIG. 6, first, the PCB oil is extracted from the transformer in which the PCB is enclosed (S001), and the PCB oil adhering to the inside is removed by solvent cleaning (S001). S002) and collects (S003). The solvent after cleaning is decomposed (S004) together with the PCB oil extracted from the transformer to be rendered harmless.

Next, the oil-removed transformer is dried to obtain P
Evaporate and dry CB by heating at high temperature and normal pressure in the absence of oxygen (S00
5) Prevent the PCB from scattering. Then, the dried transformer is disassembled (S006), and the case and the transformer core are separated. The case is used as a scrap source for electric furnaces and converters (S007). On the other hand, in the transformer core, the copper coil is cut by a mobile shear or the like, and separated into a coil wire and an iron core (S008). The separated iron core is melted in a melting furnace and recovered (S009). In addition, the separated metallic inorganic material such as copper coil and the organic material such as paper attached to this are melted (S010) in the induction heating furnace. Then, the molten copper is recovered, and the PCB gas generated in each melting furnace is pyrolyzed at a high temperature of 1200 ° C. to be rendered harmless (S011).

[0009]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The conventional PCB described above
In the processing method described above, in the transformer, the case and the transformer core are separated after the PCB oil inside is removed, and the transformer core is formed by cutting the copper coil to form the coil wire and the iron core. In this case, since the copper coil is an assembly of coil wires, it can be easily disassembled, but the iron core is formed by stacking iron strips in multiple layers, and between the stacks of strips. Since it is impregnated with PCB oil, it cannot be easily peeled off, which makes disassembling the transformer difficult.

The present invention solves such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for disassembling a transformer core and a method for treating harmful substances, which can improve the work efficiency of the disassembling treatment of the transformer core. And

[0011]

A transformer core disassembling apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object comprises a copper wire coil wound around an iron core on which iron strips are laminated. The disassembling device for the transformer core, wherein the base on which the transformer core is placed, the restraining means for restraining the transformer core on the substrate, the cutting blade capable of cutting the strip, and the cutting It is characterized by comprising cutting blade moving means for movably supporting along the width direction of the strips, and cutting blade feeding means for feeding and moving the cutting blades in the stacking direction of the strips.

In the transformer core disassembling apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, the cutting blade is provided with a peeling portion for peeling off the end portions of the strips cut into the laminated portion of the strips. There is.

The transformer core disassembling apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the cutting blade is provided with a pressing member for preventing the strip from rising.

A transformer core disassembling method according to a fourth aspect of the invention is a transformer core disassembling method comprising a copper wire coil wound around an iron core having iron strips laminated thereon,
It is characterized in that after cutting the strip, the copper wire coil is separated and disassembled.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the harmful substance treating apparatus collects the harmful substance inside from the container of the transformer and removes the harmful substance adhering to the inside of the container by solvent cleaning to collect the harmful substance. The strips that make up the iron core are cut from the transformer core taken out of the container, then the copper wire coil is separated and disassembled, and the container and the disassembled transformer core are removed by solvent cleaning to remove the adhering harmful substances. It is characterized in that the collected harmful substances and the washed solvent are decomposed to render them harmless, while the washed trans core is recycled or disposed of.

[0016]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of a transformer core disassembling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 shows a schematic structure of a transformer containing PCBs, and FIG. 3 shows an overall structure of a PCB processing system.

First, the structure of the pole transformer processed by the hazardous substance processing system of this embodiment will be described. Figure 2
As shown in FIG. 2, the transformer 10 has a configuration in which a transformer core 13 in which a copper wire coil 12 is wound around an iron core 11 is housed in an iron container 14, and PCB oil 1 is used as insulating oil.
5 is enclosed inside. The iron core 11 is configured by laminating a large number of iron strips, and the copper wire coil 12 is
It is constructed by winding an insulating paper around a copper wire, and an insulator 17 is provided on an upper portion of the iron frame 16. Also, the container 14 is
A bottom lid 19 is press-fitted into the lower portion of the tubular body portion 18 and joined by welding, a lid 20 is closely attached to the upper opening portion via a rubber packing 21, and a plurality of fixing members 22 are fixed by bolts 23. The container 14 and the lid 20 are fixed and sealed. In addition, the capacity range of a general transformer is 5 to 10.
It is 0 kVA, and in this embodiment, processing can be performed in all ranges.

Next, the overall configuration of the harmful substance processing system of this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, the hazardous substance treatment system is a system for detoxifying a substance to be treated on which harmful substances are attached, contained or stored,
The object 1001 and the first separating means 1004 for separating the harmful substance 1002 from the container 1003 (14) storing the harmful substance (eg PCB) 1002 which is the object 1001 (transformer 10) are constituted. The pretreatment means 1006 having one or both of the disassembling means 1005 for disassembling the constituent materials 1001a, 1001b ... And the constituent materials (core, capacitor element) constituting the object processed by the pretreatment means 1006. Department)
From 1001a, 1001b ... Organic substances such as paper, wood, resin 1007
And a second separating means 1009 for separating into an inorganic substance 1008 such as a metal
And a metal container 1003 separated by this pretreatment means 1006
Or cleaning means 1011 for cleaning the inorganic substance 1008 such as metal separated by the separation means 1009 with the cleaning liquid 1010, and the cleaning waste liquid after cleaning
1012 and hazardous substance 1001 separated by the pretreatment means, either or both of the harmful substance decomposition treatment means 10 for decomposing treatment
13 and finely pulverizing means (slurrying means) 1015 for finely pulverizing separated organic substances such as paper, wood, resin, etc. into a slurry 1014.
And are provided.

According to such a harmful substance treatment system, the PCB concentration of the transformer 10 can be reduced to 0.5 ppb or less, which is lower than the current PCB emission standard value (3 ppb), and the PCBs-containing transformer 10 can be reduced. Can be processed safely and reliably. Therefore, the PCB-containing article can be completely processed, and the PCB can be completely extinguished. Further, since organic compounds other than PCB can also be treated, dioxins and P contained in PCB can be treated.
CB-contaminated organic substances such as paper, wood, cloth, and the cleaning agent used for cleaning the case can be similarly decomposed.

In such a harmful substance treatment system, the transformer core 13 is disassembled by the second separating means 1009. In this embodiment, the disassembling work of the transformer core is performed efficiently. I have to.

In the transformer core disassembling apparatus according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the transformer core 13 can be placed on a flat plate-shaped substrate 31.
Support shafts 32 are provided upright at the four corners of the support shaft 32, and screws 33 are formed at the upper end of each support shaft 32. The pedestal 34 as a restraint means for restraining the transformer core 13 has a flat plate shape like the base 31, and through holes (not shown) through which the upper portions of the support shafts 32 pass are formed at four corners. Therefore, the transformer core 13 is placed on the base 31, the upper ends of the respective support shafts 32 are penetrated through the through holes of the pedestal 34 to be in close contact with the transformer core 13, and the screws 33 of the respective support shafts 32 are attached to the nuts 3.
5 is screwed and fastened, and the copper wire coil 12 is sandwiched between the base 31 and the gantry 34, whereby the transformer core 1
3 can be restrained.

A pair of U-shaped guides 36 are fixed on the pedestal 34, and an elevating table 37 is movably supported by the guides 36. A hydraulic cylinder (cutting blade moving means) 38 is attached to one end of the lift table 37, and a cutting blade 41 is fixed to a distal end portion of a drive rod 39 which is extendable / contractible via a support member 40. The tip of the cutting blade 41 is inserted through a slit 42 formed in the elevating table 37 and extends downward. Therefore, the hydraulic cylinder 3
By operating 8 to extend the drive rod 39, the cutting blade 41 can be moved by a predetermined stroke to cut the iron core 11 of the transformer core 13.

Further, a supporting base 43 is erected on the pedestal 34, a motor (cutting blade feeding means) 44 is mounted on the upper part of the supporting base 43, and a ball screw shaft 45 is mounted on an output shaft (not shown). It is consolidated. On the other hand, a connecting member 46 is fixed to the lifting table 37, and a ball screw shaft 45 is screwed onto the connecting member 46. Therefore, by driving the motor 44 in the normal direction to rotate the ball screw shaft 45 by a predetermined amount, the elevating table 37 is lowered through the connecting member 46, and the cutting blade 41 is fed and moved in the stacking direction of the strips of the iron core 11. be able to.

In order to disassemble the transformer core 13 using the transformer core disassembling apparatus thus configured, first,
The transformer core 13 is placed on the base 31, and each support shaft 32
By penetrating the through hole of the gantry 34 to be closely attached to the transformer core 13, and by screwing and fastening the nut 35 to the screw 33 of each support shaft 32, the copper wire coil 12 is vertically moved by the base 31 and the gantry 34. By holding the transformer core 13, the transformer core 13 is constrained. In this state, the motor 44 rotates the ball screw shaft 45 to lower the lifting table 37 by a predetermined amount via the connecting member 46. In this case, the cutting force due to the reciprocating movement of the cutting blade 41 has a thickness of about 1 to 2 strip plates constituting the iron core 11, and the predetermined descending amount of the elevating table 37, that is, the feeding amount of the cutting blade 41 is this strip. The plate has a thickness of 1 to 2.

When the elevating table 37 is lowered by a predetermined amount and the cutting blade 41 is moved by a predetermined amount, the hydraulic cylinder 38 is operated and the drive rod 39 is expanded and contracted, whereby the cutting blade 41 is moved.
Is reciprocated by a predetermined stroke to cut the iron core 11 of the transformer core 13. At this time, the cutting blade 41 can cut about 1 to 2 strips of the iron core 11. Then, the lifting table 37 is lowered again by a predetermined amount, the cutting blade 41 is moved by a predetermined amount, and then the hydraulic cylinder 38 is operated to reciprocate the cutting blade 41 to cut the iron core 11 of the transformer core 13. . It should be noted that each time the cutting blade 41 cuts one strip of the iron core 11, the strips stacked by an unillustrated device may be peeled off one by one.

When the upper part of the iron core 11 is cut by repeating this process, the constraint of the transformer core 13 is released and the base 31 is released.
By mounting the upper transformer core 13 upside down, restraining it again, and cutting the upper part of the iron core 11 by the same process as described above, the ring-shaped iron core 11 is cut into two. Then, when the iron core 11 is cut at two places, the iron core 11 is extracted from the copper wire coil 12 and disassembled.

In this way, when the transformer core 13 is disassembled into the iron core 11 and the copper wire coil 12 by the disassembling device by the separating means 1009, each strip of the iron core 11 is separated one by one and the copper wire coil 12 is separated. Loosen and separate. Then, the iron core 11 (strip plate) and the copper wire coil 12 that have been separated are washed with the washing liquid 1010 by the washing means 1011, and these are recycled or treated as waste.

As described above, in the transformer core disassembling apparatus according to the present embodiment, the transformer core 13 can be restrained by placing the transformer core 13 on the base 31 and holding the copper wire coil 12 by the pedestal 34. On the other hand, the lifting table 37 can be lifted and lowered on the pedestal 34, and the hydraulic cylinder 3 is attached to the lifting table 37.
8 supports the cutting blade 41 so as to be reciprocally movable,
The ball screw shaft 45 of the motor 44 elevates and lowers the elevation table 37 so that the cutting blade 41 can be moved in the stacking direction of the strips of the iron core 11.

Therefore, while the transformer core 13 is restrained by the base 31 and the gantry 34, the motor 44 is driven to lower the elevating table 37 to set the feed amount of the cutting blade 41, and the hydraulic cylinder 38 is used. The cutting blade 41 is reciprocally moved to cut the iron core strip.
In the dismantling work, the iron core 11 is cut into two and the copper wire coil 12 is extracted. Therefore, iron core 11
A large number of laminated strips of can be easily peeled and separated, and the workability of disassembling the transformer core 13 is improved.

Further, since the copper wire coil 12 is disassembled without being cut and is subjected to the cleaning treatment, the copper wire coil 12 can be prevented from being dispersed and the cleaning treatment can be easily carried out, and the recycling is possible. .

FIG. 4 is a front view of the cutting blade of the transformer core disassembling apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
A cross section is shown. It should be noted that members having the same functions as those described in the above-described embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

In the transformer core disassembling apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the connecting member 51 is connected to a drive rod of a hydraulic cylinder attached to an elevator (not shown). A presser foot (presser member) 52 having a rectangular shape is fixed to a lower end portion of the connecting member 51 with a bolt 53, and a cutting blade 54 is fixed to a side portion of the presser foot 52 with a bolt 55. .

The cutting blade 54 has a sharp tip by forming an inclined surface 56 on the upper end of the tip, and one of the inclined surfaces 56 serves as a blade 57 and a rake surface 58 is formed on the other. This rake face 58 is the transformer core 1
3 is formed as a peeling portion that enters the laminated portion of the strips and that peels it off. And presser foot 5
A groove portion 59 is formed on the lower surface of 2 in correspondence with the blade portion 57.

Therefore, the lifting table descends by a predetermined amount and the cutting blade 5 moves.
When 4 is moved by a predetermined amount, the hydraulic cylinder is operated to reciprocate the cutting blade 54 by a predetermined stroke to cut the iron core 11 of the transformer core 13. At this time, first, the lower surface of the presser foot 52 presses the upper surface of the iron core 11 of the transformer core 13, and then the tip end of the cutting blade 54 enters between the strips forming the iron core 11, and at the same time, the blade portions 57 Start cutting about two strips. And the blade 57 is the iron core 1
Along with the cutting of one strip, the cut side of the strip on which the rake face 58 is laminated is peeled off. By repeatedly feeding and reciprocating the cutting blade 54, the iron core 11
It can be peeled off while cutting the strip.

As described above, in the transformer core disassembling apparatus of this embodiment, the inclined surface 56 is provided on the upper end of the tip of the cutting blade 54.
Is formed to have a sharp tip, a blade portion 57 is formed on one of the inclined surfaces 56, and a rake surface 58 is formed on the other.
The presser foot 52 is fixed to the side of the cutting blade 54.
Therefore, since the band plate is cut while pressing the upper surface of the iron core 11 by the presser metal 52, the band plate can be prevented from rising and the cutting performance can be improved. Further, the cutting blade 54 removes the strip plate cut by the rake face 58 while the blade portion 57 cuts the strip plate of the iron core 11.
The workability of dismantling work can be improved.

In the above-described embodiment, the cutting blade 41 is reciprocally moved to cut the iron core 11 into two pieces, but the number of cuts is not limited to two and may be three or more. Also, restrain the transformer core 13 in a vertical state,
Although the cutting blade 41 is horizontally reciprocated to cut the iron core 11, the iron core 11 may be cut by holding the transformer core 13 in a horizontal state and reciprocating the cutting blade 41 up and down.

In the above embodiment, the transformer core 13 is of the double coil / single core type.
Not limited to this, the single coil / double iron core or the double coil / double iron core type can be surely disassembled.

[0039]

As described above in detail in the embodiment, according to the disassembling apparatus of the transformer core of the invention of claim 1, the base on which the transformer core is placed and the restraining means for restraining the transformer core on the base. A cutting blade capable of cutting the strips constituting the iron core, a cutting blade moving means for movably supporting the cutting along the width direction of the strips, and a cutting blade for feeding and moving in the stacking direction of the strips. Since the cutting blade feeding means is provided, the iron core is reciprocally moved by the cutting blade moving means while the transformer core is restrained by the restraining means and the cutting blade feeding amount is set by the cutting blade feeding means. Since the strip plate of will be cut, and the copper core will be pulled out after cutting the iron core when disassembling the transformer core,
A large number of strips of laminated iron cores can be easily peeled and separated, and the work efficiency of disassembling the transformer core can be improved.

According to the disassembling apparatus for the transformer core of the second aspect of the invention, since the cutting blade is provided with the peeling portion for peeling off the end portions of the strips cut into the laminated portion of the strips, the cutting blade is While cutting the strip of the core, the strip with the peeling portion cut off is stripped off, so that the workability of disassembling the core can be improved.

In the transformer core disassembling apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, since the cutting blade is provided with the pressing member for preventing the rising of the strip, the strip is cut while pressing the upper surface of the iron core by the pressing member. It is possible to prevent the strip from rising and improve the cuttability.

According to the method of disassembling the transformer core of the invention of claim 4, when disassembling the transformer core constituted by winding the copper wire coil around the iron core on which the iron strips are laminated, Since the copper wire coil is separated and disassembled after cutting, it is possible to easily peel off and separate a large number of strips of laminated iron cores.Also, the copper wire coil can be disassembled without cutting. By performing the cleaning process by using the above method, it is possible to prevent the variation of the copper wire coil and to easily perform the cleaning process, and it is possible to recycle, and as a result, the work efficiency of the disassembling process of the transformer core can be improved.

According to the toxic substance treating apparatus of the fifth aspect of the present invention, the toxic substance inside the transformer container is recovered, and the toxic substance adhering to the inside of the container is removed by solvent washing to be recovered. For the transformer core taken out from the container, cut the strip that constitutes the iron core, then separate the copper wire coil and dismantle it, and remove the harmful substance adhering to the container and the disassembled transformer core by solvent cleaning. The collected harmful substances and the washed solvent are decomposed to make them harmless, while the washed transformer core is recycled or disposed of, so that the iron core is laminated in the disassembling process of the transformer core. A large number of strips can be easily peeled off and separated, and the copper wire coil is disassembled and washed without cutting, so the variation of the copper wire coil can be prevented and the cleaning treatment can be easily performed. It is possible to recycle is possible, as a result, it is possible to perform the harmful material treatment in transformer core efficiently.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a transformer core disassembling apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a PCB-containing transformer.

FIG. 3 is an overall schematic diagram of a PCB processing system.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a cutting blade of a transformer core disassembling apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a conventional PCB processing method.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 transformers (processing object) 11 iron core 12 copper wire coil 13 transformer core 14 containers 15 PCB oil (hazardous substance) 31 Foundation 34 Stand (Restriction Means) 37 Lifting platform 38 Hydraulic cylinder (cutting blade moving means) 41 cutting blade 44 motor (cutting blade feeding means) 45 ball screw shaft

Continued front page    (72) Inventor Hiroshi Ota             5-3 Atsunoura-cho, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki             Inside Jukosan Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 4D004 AA21 AA50 AB06 BA05 CA02                       CA04 CA12 CA40 CB02 CB12                       CC04

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A disassembling device for a transformer core, which is configured by winding a copper wire coil around an iron core on which iron strips are laminated, and a base on which the transformer core is mounted and a base on which the transformer core is mounted. Restraint means for restraining the transformer core, a cutting blade capable of cutting the strip plate, a cutting blade moving means for movably supporting the cutting along the width direction of the strip plate, and the cutting blade for stripping the strip. A disassembling device for a transformer core, comprising: a cutting blade feeding means that feeds and moves in the stacking direction of the plates. 2. The disassembling apparatus for a transformer core according to claim 1, wherein the cutting blade is provided with a peeling portion that is inserted into the laminated portion of the strips and peels off the cut edge portions of the strips. . 3. The disassembling device for a transformer core according to claim 1, wherein the cutting blade is provided with a pressing member for preventing the strip from rising. 4. A method of disassembling a transformer core, which is configured by winding a copper wire coil around an iron core on which iron strips are laminated, and separating the copper wire coil after cutting the strips. A method for disassembling a transformer core, which comprises disassembling and then disassembling. 5. A toxic substance inside a container of a transformer is collected, and a toxic substance adhering to the inside of the container is removed by solvent cleaning to be collected, and an iron core is attached to the transformer core taken out from the container. The copper wire coil is separated and dismantled after cutting the strip plate constituting the container, and the container is dismantled and the transcore is removed by collecting the harmful substances adhering thereto by solvent washing, and the collected harmful substances are collected. A method for treating harmful substances, characterized by decomposing a washed solvent to render it harmless, and recycling or discarding the washed transformer core.