JP2009028652A - Insulator dismantling device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an insulator dismantling device which can separate and dismantle surely an insulator and a cable passing through the inside of the insulator while preventing any damage of the insulator dismantling device. <P>SOLUTION: The insulator dismantling device 100 comprises a mount 110 mounting the insulator with the cable held inside, an insulator positioning jig 120 keeping the insulator positioned on the mount 110, one or more blades 130 with a substantially flat blade edge, arranged above the insulator positioned by the insulator positioning jig 120, and a pressing mechanism 140 pressing the blade 130 to the insulator to fracture. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an insulator disassembling apparatus for splitting an insulator and separating it.

  Polychlorinated biphenyl (hereinafter abbreviated as PCB) is a substance that has properties such as being chemically stable, difficult to decompose by heat, excellent electrical insulation, high boiling point, and nonflammability. . For this reason, in a wide range of fields, such as transformers, ballasts, switches, instrument transformers, capacitors, surge absorbers, circuit breakers, rectifiers, discharge coils, insulating oils used for reactors, heating media for boilers and heat exchangers, etc. Have been used. In Japan, about 59,000 tons of PCBs have been produced so far, of which about 54,000 tons have been used domestically (for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

  In recent years, the toxicity of PCBs to the human body has become apparent, and from 1972, no new PCBs have been manufactured in Japan. Furthermore, based on the “Law Concerning the Examination and Regulation of Chemical Substances” enacted in 1973, its production, import, etc. were virtually prohibited from 1974. Since then, in Japan, the disposal of PCB waste, including high-voltage transformers and high-voltage capacitors, has been stagnant, and has not been disposed of over a long period of time. In the prospect of such disposal is long-term storage is to continue without stand, the loss or the like occurs in the PCB waste, it has become a situation in which the progress of the environmental pollution is a concern.

  Therefore, the “Special Measures Law on Promotion of Proper Treatment of Polychlorinated Biphenyl Waste” was enacted in 2001, requiring PCB and waste oil containing PCB to be disposed of within 15 years.

  Various conventional PCB processing methods have been proposed. Representative examples include dechlorination decomposition method, hydrothermal oxidation decomposition method, reduction thermal decomposition method, photolysis method, plasma decomposition method, etc. There is.

  However, as a stage before processing the PCB itself, it is necessary to disassemble the device to which the PCB is attached for each member.

  For example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-334572) discloses a method for disassembling and cleaning a transformer containing insulating oil mixed with PCB. According to Patent Document 1, first of all, an oil draining process for removing PCB-mixed insulating oil from a transformer containing PCB-mixed insulating oil, and then circulating by introducing a cleaning solvent into the drained transformer. Immersion / circulation cleaning process for cleaning and removing the insulating oil, rough dismantling process for roughly disassembling the transformer into a size to enter the cleaning device, a primary cleaning process for performing primary cleaning with the dismantling unit described above, For each member, a device to which PCB is attached is subjected to a dismantling process for separating and disassembling each of metal, alumina, insulator, electric wire, core, wood, packing and other members, and a secondary cleaning step for secondary cleaning of each separated member. It can be dismantled and cleaned.

  Patent Document 1 also describes an insulator demolition process. However, the insulator disassembly process in the disassembly process disclosed in Patent Document 1 is “Because the cable penetrating the inside of the insulator is fixed with an adhesive such as an epoxy resin, this is efficiently removed, and the insulator parts and It is only described as “separately disassembled into electric wires”, and a specific disassembly method is merely described as “can be performed by any method”.

As an example of a concrete method of disassembling a conventional insulator, a method of placing an insulator on a frame, positioning the insulator with an insulator positioning jig, and then crushing by pressing a sharp blade at the tip against the insulator Was adopted. Here, the lion is often shaped like a bell, but the lion is placed in a state of being tilted on a frame, and the blade is pressed against the side of the bell-shaped lion.
JP 2006-334572 A Ministry of the Environment “Polychlorinated biphenyl waste disposal basic plan” <Internet URL http://www.env.go.jp/recycle/poly/plan/180320.pdf>

  However, in the conventional dismantling method, the blade is placed parallel to the axial direction of the insulator surface (in a vertically split state), and the insulator is made of earthenware and is solid. There was a case where I slipped. If the blade slides, it will not only break the insulator, but it may damage the tip of the blade and cause damage, or it may break due to an unexpected load on the insulator positioning jig. was there. If the blade is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the insulator (in a state of being divided horizontally), the blade can be prevented from sliding, but the internal cable is separated because the insulator is divided into a ring-cut state. There is a problem that can not be.

  An object of the present invention has been made in view of such a technical background, and an insulator demolition apparatus that can reliably separate and disassemble an insulator and a cable penetrating the inside of the insulator while preventing damage to the insulator disassembly apparatus. Is to provide.

  In order to solve the above problems, according to an aspect of the present invention, a base for placing an insulator holding a cable therein, an insulator positioning jig for positioning the insulator on the base, and the insulator positioning jig An insulator disassembling apparatus comprising: one or more blades disposed above an insulator positioned by a tool and having a substantially flat cutting edge; and a pressing mechanism that presses the blade against the insulator and splits the blade. Is done.

  That is, by making the blade edge substantially flat, the surface of the insulator is made extremely slippery because it comes into surface contact when the blade is pressed against the insulator. Therefore, the internal cable can be separated by reliably splitting the insulator without causing damage to the blade and the insulator positioning jig.

  The cutting edge of the above-described disassembling apparatus may have a shape that is curved in a direction in which the central portion is retracted from both ends of the blade in the bending direction of the insulator surface. As a result, pressing is performed at two points sandwiching the apex of the insulator, and since the centripetal force works toward the center of the blade, the blade can be made more difficult to slip.

  The lever is a bell-shaped bellows, and is placed in a state of being tilted on a gantry. The blade is provided with a plurality of blades, the blade disposed substantially orthogonal to the lever axis, and the above-described lever axis. And a blade disposed substantially in parallel with each other. With the blade arranged perpendicular to the axis, it is possible to reliably split particularly rigid parts of the insulator, and with the blade arranged substantially parallel to the axis, it is efficiently split in the longitudinal direction of the insulator. Can be made. Therefore, various insulators can be reliably disassembled by appropriately combining them.

  The “bell-shaped insulator” means a shape in which one end is thick enough to hold a cable and the other end is open. In this case, the outer diameter may be a cylindrical shape having different diameters depending on the part, and may include a shape whose diameter changes stepwise (for example, a shape in which two or more cylinders are added).

  Further, “substantially orthogonal” means that the blades are generally oriented in the orthogonal direction, regardless of whether or not they are strictly orthogonal. Similarly, “substantially parallel” means that the blades are generally oriented in the axial direction, regardless of whether or not they are strictly parallel.

  The insulator is a bell-shaped bell, and is placed in a state of being tilted on a gantry, and a plurality of blades are provided, and blades disposed substantially orthogonal to the lever axis at positions corresponding to both ends of the insulator, Further, a blade disposed substantially parallel to the above-described lever axis may be provided between the blades disposed orthogonally. Since both ends of the insulator are firmer than the center portion, the insulator can be easily and reliably disassembled by arranging the blade as described above.

  The blades in the dismantling apparatus described above may be alternately arranged with blades arranged substantially orthogonal to the axis of the insulator and blades arranged substantially in parallel. As a result, the bell-shaped insulator described above is disassembled substantially orthogonally and substantially parallel to the axial direction, and can be reliably disassembled even when the insulator has a long dimension.

  Furthermore, the blades in the dismantling apparatus described above may be attached with the blades arranged substantially perpendicular to the lever axis offset by a predetermined amount below the blades arranged substantially in parallel. As a result, both ends having high strength can be split first, and then only the intermediate part that has lost its support can be disassembled, and disassembly can be performed more easily.

  As described above, according to the insulator disassembling apparatus according to the present invention, the blade penetrates the insulator and the inside thereof without slipping the outer periphery of the insulator by making the blade tip of the blade installed in the dismantling apparatus substantially flat. The cable can be reliably separated and disassembled.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific numerical values shown in the following examples are merely examples for facilitating understanding of the invention, and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. In the present specification and drawings, the same reference numerals are given to components having substantially the same functional configuration, and redundant description is omitted.

(First embodiment)
In order to process (detoxify) PCBs used in old-style transformers and capacitors, it is necessary to clean the equipment to which the PCBs are attached. However, since devices such as transformers have a complicated structure inside, it is difficult to efficiently clean PCBs that have penetrated into fine parts even if they are cleaned as they are. Therefore, first, it is necessary to disassemble the device into parts that can be cleaned. Here, from the viewpoint of effective use of resources, each member is preferably separated into reusable and impossible, and reused after washing as much as possible.

  An insulator used for a transformer or a capacitor is one of the reusable materials. However, in many cases, the cable is fixed to the insulator with an adhesive or the like, and it is difficult to separate the cable by pulling it out. Moreover, since the pottery often used as an insulator is porous, PCB is often infiltrated. For this reason, Isogo must be split and disassembled.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a procedure for roughly disassembling the insulator 240 from the transformer 200. The transformer 200 includes a case 210, an iron core 220, a winding wire 230, an insulator 240, and the like. For example, the transformer 200 is generally disassembled into a case 210, an iron core 220, a winding wire 230, an insulator 240, and other members. With respect to the insulator 240 to be processed by the insulator disassembly apparatus 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the insulator 240 is first removed from the transformer 200 by removing the fixing screw together with the cable 250 penetrating the inside. The removed insulator 240 with the cable 250 cuts the cable 250 protruding from both ends using the nipper 260, and shifts to the next step of disassembling the insulator 240.

  FIG. 2 shows an external view of the insulator breaking apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment. The insulator disassembling apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is positioned by the base 110 on which the roughly disassembled insulator 240 is placed, the insulator positioning jig 120 for positioning the insulator 240 on the base 110, and the insulator positioning jig 120. One or more blades 130 which are disposed above the insulator 240 and have a substantially flat blade edge, and a pressing mechanism 140 which presses the above-described blade 130 against the insulator 240 to split it. Furthermore, the insulator disassembling apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment includes an operation switch 150 that operates the pressing mechanism 140 and a shielding door 160.

  The gantry 110 supports force to disassemble the insulator 240 by the pressing mechanism 140. For this reason, the gantry 110 has sufficient strength to withstand the load of the pressing mechanism 140.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, the insulator positioning jig 120 is configured by providing a plurality of holes 110a at predetermined positions on the upper plane of the gantry 110 and selectively inserting pins 270 into the holes 110a. . Such a pin 270 determines the position of the insulator 240 and at the same time prevents the insulator 240 from rolling. In this way, by making it possible to change the position of the pin 270, it is possible to cope with insulators of different sizes.

  The pressing mechanism 140 is a drive source that presses the blade 130 against the insulator 240, and for example, a hydraulic cylinder, an electric motor, or the like can be used. The stroke of the blade 130 by the press mechanism 140 should just fall to such an extent that the blade 130 can disassemble the insulator 240. FIG.

  Two operation switches 150 are provided on both side surfaces of the lever demolition apparatus 100, and the pressing mechanism 140 of the lever demolition apparatus 100 does not operate unless the two are operated simultaneously. Thereby, when operating the insulator demolition apparatus 100, the operation switch 150 is always operated with both hands. For this reason, possibility that it will operate with a hand put in an operation part decreases remarkably, and it can prevent that a hand is pinched in an operation part of insulator demolition device 100.

  The shielding door 160 is preferably a transparent resin plate or resin screen, and is installed on the front surface of the insulator disassembling apparatus 100 so as to be opened and closed. Thereby, when the insulator 240 is split, it is possible to prevent debris from scattering toward the operator. Since the PCB is attached to the insulator 240, the safety of the worker can be ensured and the working environment can be improved by preventing the fragments from scattering. Although the material of the shielding door 160 is not limited, it is preferable that the shielding door 160 has a strength that does not break with the broken insulator 240. Further, a transparent resin that allows the operator to visually check the split state of the insulator 240 is preferable. For example, acrylic, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, or the like can be suitably used.

  FIG. 3A is a top view showing the arrangement of the blades 130. The blade 130 constituting the insulator disassembling apparatus 100 includes a horizontal blade 130a disposed substantially orthogonal to the axis of the insulator 240 and a vertical blade 130b disposed parallel to the axis. Two horizontal blades 130a are arranged at positions corresponding to both ends of the insulator 240, and a vertical blade 130b is arranged between them so as to face the center axis of the insulator (in accordance with the center).

  The insulator 240 is not a mere cylinder, and the portion holding the cable is thick, and a thick portion for improving the strength is often provided around the opening on the opposite side. That is, both ends have higher strength than the middle portion, and there is a problem that it is difficult to uniformly split with one blade.

  Both ends having high strength can be easily and reliably split by the side blade 130a. However, if only the horizontal blade 130a is installed, the insulator 240 is divided into a ring-cut state, so that it is difficult to separate the cables.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, the blade 130 constituting the insulator disassembly apparatus 100 has two horizontal blades 130a arranged at positions corresponding to both ends of the insulator 240, and a vertical blade 130b arranged therebetween. Thereby, the bell-shaped insulator can be easily and reliably disassembled.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3A, the horizontal blade 130a is attached by being offset downward by a predetermined amount from the vertical blade 130b. As a result, the horizontal blade 130a is pressed against the insulator 240 earlier than the vertical blade 130b, and splitting at both ends is started. As a result, the vertical blade splits only the intermediate portion that has lost its support, and can be further easily disassembled.

  FIG. 3B is an enlarged perspective view illustrating the cutting edge of the blade 130. As shown in the figure, the cutting edges of the horizontal blade 130a and the vertical blade 130b are substantially flat.

  If the cutting edge is sharpened, the insulator 240 is made of earthenware, and therefore the vertical blade 130b may slide on the surface of the insulator 240. If the vertical blade 130b slides on the surface of the insulator 240, the insulator 240 may not be broken, and the blade may be lost due to an oblique load applied to the tip of the vertical blade 130b. There is a risk of breakage due to an unexpected load.

  Therefore, as in the present embodiment, by making the blade edge of the vertical blade 130b substantially flat, surface contact is made when the blade is pressed against the insulator, so that the surface of the insulator can be made extremely difficult to slip. Therefore, the internal cable can be separated by reliably splitting the insulator without causing damage to the blade and the insulator positioning jig.

  The thickness (width) of the blade edge of the blade 130 is preferably about 10% of the outer diameter of the insulator 240. If the thickness of the blade edge of the blade 130 is too thin compared to the outer diameter of the insulator 240, the blade 130 may slide on the surface of the insulator 240. On the other hand, when the thickness of the blade edge of the blade 130 is too thick compared to the outer diameter of the insulator 240, the contact area between the blade 130 and the insulator 240 becomes wide, and the insulator 240 may be finely pulverized. If the insulator 240 is pulverized, the solvent and dust are mixed in a washing process for removing the PCB after the insulator 240 is disassembled, resulting in a sludge shape, which makes it difficult to reuse the solvent.

  There is no limitation on the material of the blade 130 that constitutes the insulator disassembling apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, as long as it has rigidity and strength capable of repeatedly splitting the insulator 240. For example, a steel material, particularly stainless steel can be preferably used.

  FIG. 4 is a view showing how the insulator 240 is split using the insulator disassembling apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment. The procedure for splitting the insulator 240 using the insulator disassembly apparatus 100 of the present embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG.

  First, it is confirmed that the lever demolition apparatus 100 is not operating, and the shielding door 160 (see FIG. 2) provided on the front surface of the lever demolition apparatus 100 is opened. Next, as shown in FIG. 4 a, the roughly disassembled insulator 240 is installed on the insulator positioning jig 120 installed on the gantry 110. Thereafter, the above-described shielding door 160 is closed.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, after confirming that the shielding door 160 is securely closed, the operation switch 150 is operated with both hands. Then, the pressing mechanism 140 starts operating, and the blade 130 connected to the pressing mechanism 140 moves toward the insulator 240.

  As shown in FIG. 4C, the blade 130 is pressed against the insulator 240 by the pressing mechanism 140 and splits it. The stroke of the pressing mechanism 140 is not limited as long as the lever 240 can be split, and may be up to the upper end of the cable 250, for example.

  As described above, the insulator disassembling apparatus according to the present embodiment can reliably separate and disassemble the insulator 240 and the cable penetrating the inside thereof while preventing the blade 130 and the insulator positioning jig 120 from being damaged.

(Second embodiment)
A second embodiment of the insulator disassembling apparatus 100 according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of the blade according to the second embodiment, and the same parts as those in the first embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.

  It has been described that the cutting edge of the blade 130 constituting the insulator disassembling apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment is substantially flat.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the cutting edge of the blade 130 is bent in a direction in which the central portion is retracted from both ends of the blade 130 in the bending direction of the insulator surface (hereinafter referred to as “curved blade 132”).

  As shown in FIG. 5, the curved blade 132 includes an orthogonal curved blade 132a corresponding to the horizontal blade 130a and a parallel curved blade 132b corresponding to the vertical blade 130b. Since the orthogonal curved blade 132a is orthogonal to the axis of the insulator 240, it is disposed in the longitudinal direction with respect to the curvature of the insulator surface. Accordingly, the orthogonal curved blade 132a has a curved shape in which the center recedes from both ends in the longitudinal direction of the blade. Since the parallel curved blade 132b is parallel to the axis of the insulator 240, it has a curved shape in which the center recedes from both ends (both edges) in the thickness direction of the blade. In other words, the parallel curved blade 132b is formed with a groove in the longitudinal direction at the cutting edge of the horizontal blade 130a.

  By using the curved blades 132 (orthogonal curved blades 132a and parallel curved blades 132b) as described above, when pressing against the lever, the pressing is performed at two points sandwiching the apex of the lever, and the centripetal force acts toward the center of the blade. In addition, the blade can be made more difficult to slip. Thereby, the sliding of the blade with respect to the insulator 240 is extremely reduced, and the breakage of the blade and the insulator positioning jig 120 can be extremely effectively prevented.

(Third embodiment)
A third embodiment of the insulator disassembling apparatus 100 according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 6 is a top view showing the arrangement of the blades according to the third embodiment, and the same parts as those described in the first embodiment and the second embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.

  The blade 130 constituting the lever disassembly apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment includes two horizontal blades 130a at positions corresponding to both ends of the insulator 240, and one vertical blade 130b between the horizontal blades 130a. Explained.

  However, when the size of the insulator 240 is long, that is, when the vertical blade 130b becomes long, the horizontal blade 130a may be additionally disposed in the middle of the insulator.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, in the present embodiment, two horizontal blades 130a are arranged at positions corresponding to both ends of the insulator 240, as in the first embodiment, and one or more horizontal blades are disposed in the middle portion thereof. The blades 130a are arranged (a total of three or more horizontal blades 130a). And the vertical blade 130b is arrange | positioned between each of these three or more horizontal blades 130a. That is, the horizontal blades 130a and the vertical blades 130b are alternately arranged.

  According to the said structure, even if it is the insulator 240 with a long dimension, it can disassemble reliably. In addition, rectangular insulators that are not bell-shaped or other irregularly shaped insulators can be efficiently split by arranging the horizontal and vertical blades alternately, and the work object has flexibility. be able to.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described referring an accompanying drawing, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to this example. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the claims, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. Understood.

  For example, in the above embodiment, one insulator is disassembled at a time, but a plurality of blades may be installed in parallel to disassemble a plurality of insulators at a time.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used as a dismantling apparatus for splitting and separating the insulators.

It is a figure which shows the procedure which carries out rough dismantling of the insulator from a transformer. It is an external view of the insulator disassembly apparatus concerning 1st embodiment. It is the top view which shows arrangement | positioning of the blade of the insulator disassembly apparatus concerning 1st embodiment, and the expansion perspective view of a blade. It is a usage pattern figure which splits a lever using the lever disassembly apparatus concerning 1st embodiment. It is an expansion perspective view of the blade concerning 2nd embodiment. It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning of the blade concerning 3rd embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... insulator disassembly apparatus 110 ... mount 120 ... insulator positioning jig 130 ... blade 130a ... horizontal blade 130b ... vertical blade 132 ... curved blade 132a ... orthogonal curved blade 132b ... parallel curved blade 140 ... pressing mechanism 150 ... operation switch 160 ... shielding Door 200 ... Transformer 210 ... Case 220 ... Iron core 230 ... Wire 240 ... Insulator 250 ... Cable 260 ... Nipper 270 ... Pin

Claims (6)

A frame on which the insulator holding the cable is placed;
An insulator positioning jig for positioning the insulator on the frame;
One or more blades arranged above the insulator positioned by the insulator positioning jig and having a substantially flat cutting edge;
A lever disassembling apparatus comprising: a pressing mechanism that presses the blade against the lever and splits the blade.   The insulator disassembling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the blade tip of the blade has a shape that is curved in a direction in which a central portion is retracted from both ends of the blade in a bending direction of the insulator surface. The insulator is bell-shaped and is placed in a state of being tilted on the gantry,
A blade disposed substantially perpendicular to the axis of the insulator;
The insulator disassembling apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a blade disposed substantially parallel to an axis of the insulator. The insulator is bell-shaped and is placed in a state of being tilted on the gantry,
A blade arranged substantially orthogonal to the axis of the insulator at positions corresponding to both ends of the insulator;
The insulator disassembling apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a blade disposed between the orthogonally disposed blades and substantially parallel to an axis of the insulator. The blade is disposed substantially perpendicular to the axis of the insulator;
The insulator disassembling apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the blades arranged substantially in parallel are alternately arranged.   5. The blade according to claim 4, wherein a blade disposed substantially perpendicular to the lever axis is attached below a predetermined amount from a blade disposed substantially parallel to the blade. The insulator demolition apparatus according to 5.

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