JP2003262089A - Shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shield machine capable of ensuring a drilling accuracy by reducing vibration and swing upon drilling a base rock. <P>SOLUTION: In the shield machine 10 for excavating an earth rock a, a roller spacer 18 having a roller part 18a in contact with the inner surface of a drilled hole b and a support part 18b for supporting the roller part 18a so as to be rotatable is provided in a skin plate 11 so that the length of the roller part 18a protruding outside the skin plate 11 can be adjusted by a hydraulic mechanism 18b1 and a hydraulic jack 18b2. The roller spacer 18 is located in a space c formed between the skin plate 11 and the inner surface of the drilled hole b so that the roller part 18a comes into contact with the inner surface of the drilled hole b. Thus, the inclination of the shield machine 10 in the drilled hole b and a reverse rolling of the main body of the shield machine 10 are assuredly prevented and an obstacle of excavation of the shield machine 10 is assuredly reduced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield machine for excavating a natural ground such as rock mass.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The shield method, which is one of the methods for constructing tunnels and tunnels, uses a shield machine to dig a hole,
Furthermore, this is a construction method in which a segment ring is installed on the inner wall of the hole to construct a tunnel, and there is a feature that work can be performed safely and reliably.

By the way, in the case of excavating rock mass or the like by a shield machine, if the rock mass or the like is rolled by a disk cutter or the like provided in the cutter head, the rock mass is crushed so that the rock mass is separated. Occurs.
Therefore, the diameter of the excavation hole is larger than the excavation outer diameter of the cutter head by about 10 to 50 mm. In addition, in rock or the like, the ground after excavation is not deformed by the earth pressure and external pressure is not applied to the shield machine. Therefore, there is a gap between the shield machine and the inner surface of the excavation hole, which may cause the shield machine to slightly tilt inside the excavation hole. Then, excavation accuracy cannot be ensured, and an unbalanced load is generated on the disc cutter and the like, which causes a problem that the cutter head and the disc cutter are likely to fail.

[0004]

As a countermeasure against these problems, in the past, a steel plate spacer called a fixed sled was welded to a shield machine to reduce the inclination inside the excavation hole of the shield machine, but this is not sufficient. Furthermore, there is a problem that the shield sled comes into contact with the ground, which hinders the excavation of the shield machine. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and at the time of excavating the ground such as rock mass, the inclination inside the excavation hole is reliably prevented, and it is also possible to reduce the obstacle of the excavation. Is to provide a machine.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention described in claim 1 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cutter head 12 at the front of the body (skin plate 11). In the shield machine 10 for excavating the ground a by means of the body (skin plate 11), the roller portion 18a that contacts the inner surface of the excavation hole b, and the roller portion 1
A roller spacer 18 having a support portion 18b that rotatably supports 8a is provided.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when excavating a rock mass such as rock mass by a shield machine, the rock mass is separated to form a gap between the body and the inner surface of the excavation hole. However, since the roller spacer contacts the inner surface of the excavation hole, the inclination of the shield machine inside the excavation hole is prevented. Moreover, since the roller portion is rotatably supported by the support portion, the roller portion does not interfere with the excavation due to the roller portion traveling on the inner surface of the excavation hole when excavating the natural ground. It is also possible to prevent the shield machine main body from rolling (rolling) in the opposite direction due to the reaction of the rotational force of the cutter head. That is, at the time of excavating a rock or other natural ground, the inclination inside the excavation hole of the shield machine can be reliably prevented, and obstacles to the excavation of the shield machine can be reduced.

Since the inclination inside the excavation hole of the shield machine is prevented, the excavation accuracy of the shield machine is ensured and the failure of the cutter head can be reduced.

The invention according to claim 2 is, for example, as shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the shield machine 10 according to claim 1, the support portion 18b has an adjusting means (hydraulic pressure) that can adjust a protruding length of the roller portion 18a to the outside of the body (skin plate 11). Mechanism 18b1, hydraulic jack 18
b2) is provided.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the size of the gap between the inner surface of the excavation hole and the body changes depending on the nature of the ground, but the adjusting means changes the size of the body of the roller portion. The roller portion can be reliably brought into contact with the inner surface of the excavation hole by adjusting the outward projection length. That is, when excavating rocks or other natural ground, the inclination inside the excavation hole of the shield machine is more reliably prevented, and
Obstacles to the excavation of the shield machine are reduced more reliably.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, in the shield machine 10 according to the second aspect, the roller spacers 18 have the body (skin plate 1).
It is characterized in that a plurality of them are provided in the circumferential direction of 1).

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the plurality of roller spacers provided in the circumferential direction of the body contact the inner surface of the excavation hole in the direction orthogonal to the axis, the shield machine is excavated. Lateral tilting inside the hole is more reliably prevented.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, in the shield machine 10 according to any one of the first to third aspects, the roller spacer 18 is provided on the body (skin plate 11). It is characterized in that a plurality of them are provided in the front-back direction.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the plurality of roller spacers provided in the front-rear direction of the body make axial contact with the inner surface of the excavation hole, the excavation hole of the shield machine is protected. The vertical inclination inside is further reliably prevented.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of a shield machine according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are diagrams showing a situation of excavation of natural ground by a shield machine according to the present invention, and reference numeral 10 indicates the shield machine.

The shield machine 10 includes a skin plate 11,
Cutter head 12, chamber 13, screw conveyor 1
4, a belt conveyor 15, a shield jack 16, a steering jack 17, a roller spacer 18, a distance sensor 19, a control mechanism (not shown), and the like.

The skin plate 11 serves as an outer shell of the shield machine 10. The cutter head 12 is a tool bit 12a
It has a disk cutter 12b and a disk cutter 12b, and is driven by a drive unit 12c. The chamber 13 takes in the excavated rock or the like. The screw conveyor 14 is driven by a drive unit 14a and conveys excavated rock or the like backward. The belt conveyor 15 discharges the excavated rock or the like to the rear of the shield machine 10. The shield jack 16 propels the shield machine 10 with the arranged segment ring d as a reaction force.
The steering jack 17 bends the shield machine 10 appropriately.

The roller spacer 18 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in (b), there are two locations in the front-back direction of the skin plate 11 and four locations in the front-back direction in the circumferential direction.
It is provided at eight locations, that is, eight locations in total. By providing the roller spacers 18 at a plurality of positions in this manner, the vertical inclination and the horizontal inclination during excavation of the shield machine 10 can be reliably prevented. In addition, since the inclination inside the excavation hole b of the shield machine 10 is prevented, the excavation accuracy of the shield machine 10 is ensured and the cutter head 1
The failure of 2 can be reduced.

The roller spacer 18 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in (b), a roller portion 18a that contacts the inner surface of the excavation hole b and a support portion 18b that rotatably supports the roller portion 18a are provided, and the support portion 18b is attached to the skin plate 11. Welded box-shaped outer steel plate 18c
It is fixed inside.

The support portion 18b is provided with a hydraulic mechanism 18b1 and a hydraulic jack 18b2. The hydraulic jack 18b2 pivotally supports the roller portion 18a at its tip and the roller portion 18a is formed on the skin plate 11. The opening 11a is inserted and brought into contact with the inner surface of the excavation hole b. The hydraulic mechanism 18b1 and the hydraulic jack 1
8b2 allows the skin plate 11 of the roller portion 18a
Of the protrusion to the outside of the frame (for example, FIGS. 2A and 2B).
It is possible to adjust l1, l2) shown in. Further, a lid member 18b3 that substantially abuts the skin plate 11 and the roller portion 18a is provided at the tip end portion of the hydraulic jack 18b2, which prevents intrusion of earth and sand into the outer peripheral steel plate 18c. The roller portion 18a can be replaced as appropriate when it is worn.

The distance sensor 19 is provided on the skin plate 11 immediately in front of each roller spacer 18, and measures the size of the gap c between the skin plate 11 and the inner surface of the excavation hole b.

The control mechanism controls the operation of the shield machine 10. The detection signals measured by the plurality of distance sensors 19 are transmitted to the control mechanism, and the drive signal is transmitted to the hydraulic mechanism 18b1 of the roller spacer 18 based on the detection signals.

Next, the operation of excavating a rock mass such as rock mass by the shield machine 10 will be described.

The shield machine 10 is mainly used for the disc cutter 1.
The ground a such as rock is excavated by 2b. The bedrock that has been excavated and taken into the chamber 13 is conveyed backward by the screw conveyor 14, and the belt conveyor 1
It is discharged to the rear of the shield machine 10 by 5. Also,
The shield machine 10 disposes the internally assembled segment ring d inside the excavation hole b, and advances the segment ring d by the shield jack 16 and the steering jack 17 while appropriately bending the segment ring d as a reaction force. The disposed segment ring d is stabilized by the backing material filled in the gap e between the segment ring d and the inner surface of the excavation hole b.

By the way, when excavating a rock mass such as rock mass, the rock mass is bent by the disk cutter 12b while the rock mass is loaded while the rock mass is bent by the disk cutter 12b. Peel off.
Therefore, the diameter of the excavation hole b is larger than the excavation outer diameter of the cutter head 12 by about 10 to 50 mm, and a gap c is formed between the skin plate 11 and the inner surface of the excavation hole b. The shield machine 10 measures the sizes of the gaps c at a plurality of locations by each of the plurality of distance sensors 19 provided immediately in front of the roller spacer 18, and sends a detection signal to the control mechanism.

A detection signal measured by the plurality of distance sensors 19 is transmitted to the control mechanism, and the control mechanism transmits a drive signal to each of the plurality of hydraulic mechanisms 18b1 based on the detection signal. Then, each hydraulic mechanism 18b1 adjusts the expansion / contraction length of the hydraulic jack 18b2,
The outermost end of 8a is brought into contact with the inner surface of the drilled hole b.

Since the roller portion 18a comes into contact with the inner surface of the excavation hole b, the shield machine 10 is stabilized inside the excavation hole b, and vibration and rocking during excavation are prevented. Further, since the roller portion 18a runs on the inner surface of the excavation hole b, the shield machine 1
0 moves forward steadily.

According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

In the case of excavating the rock mass a made of rock etc. by the shield machine 10, the rock c is separated to form a gap c between the skin plate 11 and the inner surface of the excavation hole b. 18 is a drill hole b
Since the inner surface of the shield machine 10 is in contact with the inner surface of the shield machine 10, vibration and rocking inside the excavation hole b of the shield machine 10 are prevented. Moreover, since the roller portion 18a is rotatably supported by the support portion 18b, the shield machine 10 is not supported by the roller portion 18a when excavating the natural ground a.
As a travels on the inner surface of the excavation hole b, it moves forward steadily. That is, when excavating a rock mass such as rock mass, the inclination inside the excavation hole b of the shield machine 10 can be prevented, and obstacles to the excavation of the shield machine 10 can be reduced. In addition, since the inclination inside the excavation hole of the shield machine 10 is prevented, the excavation accuracy of the shield machine 10 is ensured, and the cutter head 12 and the disk cutter 12b are also provided.
It is possible to reduce the breakdown. It is also possible to prevent the shield machine 10 main body from rolling (rolling) in the opposite direction due to the reaction of the rotational force of the cutter head 12.

The size of the clearance c between the inner surface of the excavation hole b and the skin plate 11 changes depending on the nature of the natural ground a, but the hydraulic mechanism 18b1 and the hydraulic jack 18b2 move the roller portion 18a to the outside of the skin plate 11. It is possible to reliably bring the roller portion 18a into contact with the inner surface of the excavation hole b by adjusting the protruding length of the roller portion 18a. That is, at the time of excavating a rock mass such as rock mass, the inclination inside the excavation hole b of the shield machine 10 is more reliably prevented, and obstacles to the excavation of the shield machine 10 are more reliably reduced.

Since the roller spacers 18 provided at four locations in the circumferential direction of the skin plate 11 are in contact with the inner surface of the excavation hole b at four locations in the direction orthogonal to the axis, inside the excavation hole b of the shield machine 10. It is possible to more reliably prevent the lateral inclination.

Since the roller spacers 18 provided at two locations in the front-back direction of the skin plate 11 make contact with the inner surface of the excavation hole b at two locations in the axial direction, the shield machine 10
It is possible to more reliably prevent the vertical inclination inside the excavation hole b.

The present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and any modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

For example, in the present embodiment, the projection length of the roller portion 18a to the outside of the skin plate 11 is automatically adjusted by using the control mechanism, but the measurement result by the distance sensor 19 is monitored. Alternatively, the worker may manually perform the output based on the output result. Alternatively, it goes without saying that the protruding length of the roller portion 18a to the outside of the skin plate 11 may be fixed.

Further, in the present embodiment, the roller spacers 18 are provided at two positions in the front-rear direction of the skin plate, four positions in the front-rear direction and four positions in the circumferential direction. The mounting position and the number of are not limited.

[0035]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when excavating the ground such as rock mass, the roller spacer contacts the inner surface of the excavation hole, so that the inclination in the excavation hole of the shield machine is surely ensured. In addition to being prevented, obstacles to the excavation of the shield machine can be reduced.

According to the invention of claim 2, claim 1
Of course, even if the same effect as the invention described in (4) is obtained, even if the size of the gap between the inner surface of the excavation hole and the body changes due to the nature of the ground, the roller is adjusted by the adjusting means. Since the portion can be reliably brought into contact with the inner surface of the excavation hole, the inclination inside the excavation hole of the shield machine can be prevented more reliably, and the obstacle to the excavation of the shield machine can be reduced more reliably.

According to the invention of claim 3, claim 1
Alternatively, the same effects as those of the invention described in 2 can be obtained, and moreover, the plurality of roller spacers make contact with the inner surface of the drill hole in the direction orthogonal to the axis to further ensure the lateral inclination of the shield machine. Can be prevented.

According to the invention of claim 4, claim 1
As a matter of course, the same effect as that of the invention described in any one of 3 to 3 can be obtained, and moreover, the plurality of roller spacers make axial contact with the inner surface of the drill hole to further increase the vertical inclination of the shield machine. It can be surely prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a situation in which a ground is being excavated by a shield machine according to the present invention, (a) is a sectional view in the axial direction of an excavation hole,
(B) is a cross-sectional view in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the drilled hole.

FIG. 2 shows a roller spacer according to the present invention (a),
(B) is a cross-sectional view in directions orthogonal to each other.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 shield machine 11 skin plate (body) 12 cutter head 18 roller spacer 18a roller portion 18b support portion 18b1 hydraulic mechanism (adjusting means) 18b2 hydraulic jack (adjusting means) a ground b excavation hole c skin plate and inner surface of excavation hole The gap between

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A shield machine for excavating a natural ground by a cutter head at the forefront of a body, wherein the body has a roller portion in contact with an inner surface of an excavation hole and a support portion for rotatably supporting the roller portion. A shield machine having a roller spacer having a. 2. The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the support portion is provided with an adjusting means capable of adjusting a protruding length of the roller portion to the outside of the body. Shield machine. 3. The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the roller spacers are provided in a circumferential direction of the body. 4. The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the roller spacers are provided in the front-rear direction of the body.