JP2003181429A - Garbage disposal apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To shorten the time before a compost fertilizer is formed and to enhance the crushing efficiency of agitating blades of a garbage disposal apparatus for composting garbage by fermentation. <P>SOLUTION: The garbage disposal apparatus 1 is equipped with a fermenter 7 for performing the fermentation of the garbage by using aerobic microorganisms, a heating section 13 for heating the garbage 9 in the ferementer 7, agitating paddles 15 and 17 for agitating the garbage 9 and an air supply section 11 for sending air into the fermenter 7, in which the air supply section 11 is disposed right below between the two agitating paddles 15 and 17. Also, the agitating paddles 15 and 17 are alternately provided with pipe members 51 and 55 along an axial direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to high temperature fermentation decomposition of organic substances such as food waste to obtain fermented feed and fermented compost.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a bio-type food waste processing apparatus for composting food waste while mixing microorganisms with the food waste and stirring the mixture. This bio-based garbage processor
For example, a processing agent containing microorganisms is stored in a processing container in advance, raw garbage is put into the processing container, and the raw garbage is decomposed by stirring the raw garbage together with the processing agent by a stirring device. Has become.

[0003]

However, in the conventional food waste processing apparatus, in order to ferment the food waste to compost, it is necessary to breed aerobic microorganisms in the fermentation process, but it is sufficient during agitation. Without proper air and a suitable temperature, anaerobic microorganisms grow and there is a problem of malodor due to the generation of hydrogen sulfide and the like in the fermentation process, and at the same time, the fermentation is slow.

Further, when large and hard food waste such as pumpkin is mixed, the paddle of the agitator is caught in the food waste and the agitator does not work. Therefore, it is necessary to take out the food waste from the fermenter and remove foreign substances, and then re-add the food waste, which requires extra time and labor, and causes a foul odor.

An object of the present invention is to improve the crushing effect of a stirrer while shortening the time until it becomes a compost fertilizer in a food waste processing apparatus for fermenting food waste to compost it.

[0006]

The invention according to claim 1 is a fermentation tank for carrying out fermentation treatment of food waste by using aerobic microorganisms, a heating unit for heating the food waste in the fermentation tank, and food waste. A food waste treatment device comprising a plurality of agitators for agitating food and an air supply unit for sending air into the fermentation tank, wherein the air supply unit is 2
It is characterized by comprising one agitator and supplying warm air from directly below between the two agitators.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the garbage is put into the fermentation tank through the charging port, and an appropriate amount of aerobic microorganisms is mixed with the garbage. Then, while rotating the plurality of stirrers,
Make garbage and aerobic microorganisms uniform in the fermenter. Heat is applied from the heating part at the bottom of the fermentation tank to promote the fermentation of food waste. Further, warm air is ejected from directly below the intermediate position between the two agitators, and the air is sufficiently mixed with the garbage while being agitated, so that heat and air are spread in the fermenter. Then, the water content of the food waste gradually evaporates, and the food waste is decomposed by the aerobic microorganisms to be dried compost fertilizer.
In this way, warm air is ejected from just below the middle position between the two agitators, and the air and heat spread in the fermentor, so that aerobic microorganisms proliferate as well as ferment, and therefore compost. It is possible to shorten the time required for the conversion.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the food waste processing apparatus according to the first aspect, each agitator is provided with a rotating shaft and crushing members which are staggered along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.
Each stirrer is characterized by rotating in opposite directions at the position where the crushing members engage.

According to the invention described in claim 2, claim 1
When the large garbage such as pumpkin comes to a position where it is sandwiched between the crushing members of the two stirrers, the two stirrers rotate in opposite directions at the meshing positions, and the same effects as the invention described in The crushing member moves so as to sandwich the garbage, and the large garbage is finely crushed. In this way, while stirring the stirrer, the food waste is finely crushed, so when large food waste is mixed, it prevents the food waste from being caught between the paddles of the agitator and stopping the agitator. can do.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the raw garbage processing apparatus according to the second aspect, a scraping portion for scooping the raw garbage is provided at the tip of the crushing member to stir the raw garbage in the fermentation tank. It is characterized by

According to the invention of claim 3, claim 1
Or, the same effect as the invention described in 2 is exhibited, and the scraping portion at the tip of the crushing member can efficiently stir the food waste in the fermentation tank, and the air discharged from the air supply portion is stored in the fermentation tank. Can be extended to

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing a food waste processing device 1 according to the present invention. Fermentation part 3 that puts garbage 9 into garbage processing equipment 1 and creates compost
And an exhaust unit 5 that processes gas and steam generated from the fermentation unit 3 and discharges it to the outside air.

The fermentation section 3 is a fermentation tank 7 for storing food waste 9.
And an air supply unit 11 for supplying air to the fermentation tank 7, and a heating unit 13 for applying heat to the food waste 9 is provided around the lower portion of the fermentation tank 7.

At the upper position of the fermentation tank 7, there is provided an inlet 19 for introducing the raw garbage 9, and at the side surface of the fermentation tank 7 is provided an outlet 21 for taking out the composted raw garbage 9. ing. Fermentation tank 7 is provided with two stirring paddles (stirring machines) 15 and 17 on the left and right, and while stirring food waste 9 in fermentation tank 7, fermentation of food waste 9 is promoted.

The air supply unit 11 is provided at a lower position of the fermentation tank 7, and has an air pump 23 for supplying air, a fan heater 25 for heating the air to a predetermined temperature, and the fermentation tank 7.
The air pump 23, the fan heater 25, and the discharge unit 27 are connected by pipes 29 and 31, respectively.

The heating unit 13 heats the fermentation tank 7 to activate the aerobic microorganisms in the fermentation tank 7, and
The water in the garbage 9 is evaporated. Further, a temperature sensor (not shown) is provided in the vicinity of the heating unit 13, and the fermentation tank 7
The temperature inside is measured to provide the optimum temperature environment for fermentation.

The exhaust unit 5 includes a filter unit 31 for removing fine dust and the like generated in the fermentation process of the food waste 9, a deodorizing unit 39 for removing the odor of exhaust gas sent from the filter unit 31, and an external unit. The auxiliary air supply unit 40 supplies heat from the steam collected in the deodorizing unit 39 to the air to supply warm air to the fermentation tank 7 while supplying air from the.

The filter section 31 comprises an exhaust fan 35 for sucking up gas and the like generated in the fermentation tank 7, a filter 33 for filtering fine dust and the like, and a drive motor 37 for driving the exhaust fan 35. It is configured.

The deodorizing unit 39 is provided with a deodorizing device for removing the ammonia odor of the gas sent from the filter unit 31, and the gas and water vapor from which the odor has been removed is discharged from the exhaust port 45 to the atmosphere. Is released to. A chimney 46 may be provided at the exhaust port 45.

An auxiliary fan 41 for taking in air from the atmosphere is provided in the auxiliary air supply unit 40.
The auxiliary fan 41 is provided in the upper part of the main body, and is connected to the auxiliary pipe 43, and the tip of the auxiliary pipe 43 is located in the fermentation tank 7. The auxiliary pipe 43 is formed in the deodorizing section 39 by being bent in a U-shape in cross section, and is heated by the steam in the deodorizing section 39.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing the structures of the stirring paddles 15 and 17 and the air supply unit 11 provided in the fermentation tank 7 of FIG. The fermenter 7 is provided with two stirring paddles (first stirring paddle 15 and second stirring paddle 17) on the left and right. The stirring paddles 15 and 17 are rotating shafts 47 and 49 arranged from the front side to the rear side of FIG. 1, and a pipe member 51 fixed to the peripheral surfaces of the rotating shafts 47 and 49.
It is composed of 55.

The pipe members 51 and 55 are rotatable shafts 47 and 49.
Are provided at regular intervals along the axial direction of. First stirring paddle 15 and second stirring paddle 17
Rotate in the directions of arrows (directions A and B) around the rotation shafts 47 and 49, respectively. Flat plate members (scraping members) 53 and 57, which are flat plates formed by crushing pipes, are welded to the tips of the pipe members 51 and 55 at right angles to the tips of the pipe members 51 and 55.

The discharge part 27 includes a first stirring paddle 15 and a second stirring paddle 15.
It is provided at the bottom of the fermentor 7 at a position substantially below the intermediate position with the stirring paddle 17. The discharge part 27 has a triangular shape in cross section, and a pipe 27a is provided inside the discharge part 27 along the longitudinal direction. Circular holes 27b are provided along the longitudinal direction on the two oblique sides of the discharge part 27, and the warmed air is sent into the fermentation tank 7 through the holes 27b as described above.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described based on the above configuration. Raw garbage 9 is thrown into the fermentation tank 7 through the feeding port 19 provided at the upper part of the raw garbage processing apparatus 1. A predetermined amount of garbage 9 is put in the fermentation tank 7, and an aerobic microbial bed that promotes fermentation is put in the fermentation tank 7. Next, when the charging port 19 is closed and the power of the food waste processing apparatus 1 is turned on, the stirring paddles 15 and 17 rotate in the directions of the arrows, respectively, and the food waste 9 in the fermenter 7 is stirred.

Further, by rotating the stirring paddles 15 and 17, even if a large foreign matter such as a pumpkin is mixed, it can be crushed. That is, when the large food waste 9 is located between the pipe member 51 of the first stirring paddle 15 and the pipe member 55 of the second stirring paddle 17, the first stirring paddle 15 and the second stirring paddle 17 move in opposite directions. When rotated, the pipe members 51 and 55 move so as to sandwich the food waste 9, and the food waste 9 is finely crushed. In this way, the garbage 9 is finely crushed while stirring the stirring paddles 15 and 17.

In the heating section 13 provided in the lower part of the fermentation tank 7, the fermentation tank 7 is heated to evaporate the water content in the food waste 9. In addition, the temperature is controlled by a temperature sensor (not shown) provided in the vicinity of the heating unit 13 to maintain the optimum temperature (for example, 55 ° C to 65 ° C) for fermentation.

Further, the air sent from the air pump 23 of the air supply unit 11 is heated to a predetermined temperature by the fan heater 25 and sent to the discharge unit 27. The air sent to the discharge part 27 is radially discharged into the fermentation tank 7 through a plurality of holes 27b provided in the longitudinal direction of the discharge part 27 through the pipe 27a. At this time, since air is discharged to the position where the pipe members 51, 55 of the stirring paddles 15, 17 pass, the air is sufficiently mixed with the garbage while being stirred in the fermentation tank 7, and heat and air spread. To go. In this way, by releasing the warmed air from the lower position of the fermenter 7, the activity and growth of the aerobic microorganisms in the fermenter 7 are further activated. Can be shortened. Further, since sufficient air is sent into the fermentation tank 7, it is possible to suppress the growth of anaerobic microorganisms, thereby suppressing the generation of sulfide gas and the like.

Gas, water vapor, etc. generated in the fermenter 7 pass through the filter 33 of the filter section 31 and are sent to the deodorizing section 39. In the deodorizing section 39, after removing the ammonia odor by a deodorizer, the exhaust port Sent to 45.

Air in the atmosphere is taken in from the auxiliary fan 41 on the upper part of the refuse processing apparatus 1, and this air is sent into the fermentation tank 7 through the auxiliary pipe 43. In the process of air passing through the auxiliary pipe 43, heat from the steam collected in the deodorizing unit 39 is given to the air flowing through the auxiliary pipe 43. In this way, since warmed air also enters from the upper part of the fermentation tank 7, the activity and growth of aerobic microorganisms can be further activated, and the fermentation time can be shortened.

The raw garbage 9 is fermented in the fermentation tank 7 for a predetermined period of time to evaporate the water in the raw garbage 9, and the raw garbage 9 is decomposed into a dried compost fertilizer. At this time, the mass of the compost fertilizer was reduced to about 1/10 of the amount when the raw garbage 9 was added.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the discharge part 2 provided at the bottom of the fermenter 7
Although 7 has a triangular cross-sectional shape, it is not limited to this and may have a circular cross-sectional shape or a polygonal shape, for example.

Although two stirring paddles 15 and 17 are provided, three or more stirring paddles 15 and 17 may be provided.
Although the rotation directions of 17 are opposite to each other, the rotation directions may be the same. Furthermore, the discharge unit 27
The amount of air released from the tank may be controlled so that it can be changed according to the fermentation process. In the present embodiment, the fan heater 25 of the air supply unit 11 may be of a boiler specification to warm the air discharged into the fermentation tank 7.

[0033]

According to the invention described in claim 1, since the warmed air is ejected from directly under the intermediate position of the two stirring blades, the aerobic microorganisms are proliferated and the fermentation is also promoted. Therefore, the time until composting can be shortened.

The invention described in claim 2 has the same effect as that of the invention described in claim 1, and even if a large amount of garbage is mixed, it is crushed so as to be sandwiched by the crushing members of the two agitators. It is possible to prevent troubles such as the stirrer stopping.

According to the invention of claim 3, the same effect as that of the invention of claim 2 is obtained, and the scraps at the tip of the crushing member can efficiently stir the garbage in the fermentation tank. The air discharged from the air supply unit can be spread inside the fermenter.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing a food waste processing device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing the configurations of a stirring paddle and an air supply unit provided in the fermentation tank 7 of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 garbage processing equipment 7 Fermentation tank 9 garbage 11 Air supply unit 13 heating part 15 1st stirring paddle (stirring machine) 17 Second stirring paddle (stirring machine) 51,55 Pipe member (crushing member) 53, 57 Flat plate member (raising part)

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    F-term (reference) 4D004 AA03 BA04 CA04 CA15 CA19                       CA22 CA48 CB04 CB13 CB26                       CB32 CB36                 4G037 AA01 CA01 CA03 CA18 EA03                 4G078 AA06 AB20 BA01 BA07 BA09                       CA03 CA05 CA12 CA17 DA03                       DA26 DB03 EA03 EA10

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A fermentation tank for fermenting food waste by using aerobic microorganisms, a heating unit for heating the food waste in the fermenter, a plurality of agitators for agitating the food waste, and air in the fermenter. A food waste processing device comprising an air supply unit for sending air, wherein the air supply unit supplies warmed air from directly below between two agitators. 2. A stirrer is provided with a rotating shaft and crushing members which are staggered along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and each stirrer rotates in opposite directions at a position where the crushing members engage with each other. Item 1. The garbage processing device according to item 1. 3. The apparatus for treating food waste according to claim 2, wherein a scraping unit for scooping the food waste is provided at the tip of the crushing member to stir the food waste in the fermentation tank.