JP2003107505A - Liquid crystal display device and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase the use efficiency of light in transmission mode as for a transflective liquid crystal display device. SOLUTION: The transflective liquid crystal display device 4 is provided with a means which converges light from a light source represented by a back light 1, concretely, a microlens array 3. Further, light which has high directivity needs to be made incident on the microlens array 3. A diffusion plate which is used before is therefore no used.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a semiconductor device having a circuit composed of thin film transistors (hereinafter referred to as TFTs) and a method for manufacturing the semiconductor device. For example, the present invention relates to an electro-optical device represented by a liquid crystal display panel and an electronic device in which such an electro-optical device is mounted as a component.

[0002] In this specification, a semiconductor device refers to all devices that can function by utilizing semiconductor characteristics, and electro-optical devices, semiconductor circuits, and electronic equipment are all semiconductor devices.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a technique for forming a thin film transistor (TFT) using a semiconductor thin film (having a thickness of several to several hundreds nm) formed on a substrate having an insulating surface has been receiving attention. Thin film transistors are widely applied to electronic devices such as ICs and electro-optical devices, and their development is urgently needed especially as a switching element for image display devices.

In a liquid crystal display device, in order to obtain a high-quality image, an active matrix liquid crystal display device in which pixel electrodes are arranged in a matrix and TFTs are used as switching elements connected to each pixel electrode has attracted attention. ing.

The active matrix type liquid crystal display device is roughly classified into two types, a transmission type and a reflection type.

In particular, the reflective liquid crystal display device has an advantage that it consumes less power than a transmissive liquid crystal display device because it does not use a backlight, and thus has a merit that it is used for mobile computers and video cameras. Demand as a direct-view display is increasing.

The reflective liquid crystal display device utilizes the optical modulation effect of liquid crystal to reflect the incident light to the outside of the device by being reflected by the pixel electrode, and to prevent the incident light from being output to the outside of the device. By selecting and, light and dark are displayed, and by combining them, an image is displayed. Generally, a pixel electrode in a reflective liquid crystal display device is
It is made of a metal material having a high light reflectance such as aluminum, and is electrically connected to a switching element such as a thin film transistor (hereinafter referred to as a TFT).

Further, in a liquid crystal display device, a TFT using amorphous silicon or polysilicon as a semiconductor
Are arranged in a matrix, and a liquid crystal material is provided between an element substrate on which pixel electrodes connected to each TFT, source lines, and gate lines are formed, and an opposite substrate having opposite electrodes arranged opposite to the element substrate. Are pinched. A color filter for displaying in color is attached to the counter substrate. Then, a polarizing plate is arranged as an optical shutter on each of the element substrate and the counter substrate to display a color image.

[0009]

In recent years, a semi-transmissive liquid crystal display device has been proposed as an application of a reflection type liquid crystal display device, which can be used both in a bright case with external light and in a dark case without external light. There is. Such a semi-transmissive liquid crystal display device has a structure in which a transmissive portion is provided in a part of the reflective layer when a backlight is used, and the transmissive portion is provided in a rectangular shape in the center of the pixel.

However, such a semi-transmissive liquid crystal display device divides a pixel into two regions, that is, a reflective part made of a reflective metal electrode and a transmissive part made of a transparent conductive film. Divided by.

For example, in a semi-transmissive liquid crystal display device, it is necessary to reduce the area of the transmissive part in order to increase the area of the reflective part. In this case, when used as a reflective liquid crystal display device (referred to as a reflective mode), the aperture ratio increases, while when used as a transmissive liquid crystal display device (referred to as a transmissive mode), the aperture ratio decreases. I was sick. That is, there was a trade-off relationship between both modes.

[0012]

Therefore, according to the present invention, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, a transflective liquid crystal display device (also referred to as an LCD) 4 is provided with a means for condensing light from a light source represented by the backlight 1, specifically, a microlens array 3. Although FIG. 1 shows an example in which light from the backlight 1 provided on the end face portion is guided by a light guide plate to be a light source, the light source is not particularly limited to this configuration, and a planar shape can be obtained without using the light guide plate. A backlight may be provided.

Further, it is necessary to make light having a strong directivity incident on the microlens array 3. Therefore, the conventionally used diffuser plate is not used. If a diffusing plate is used, it becomes difficult to collect light by the microlens array and allow light to pass through from the transmitting part. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, it is preferable to use only the prism sheet and provide the prism sheet 5 (not shown in FIG. 1) between the light guide plate 2 and the microlens array 3.

According to the configuration of the invention disclosed in this specification, a source signal line drive circuit, a gate signal line drive circuit, a pixel electrode in each region where a plurality of source signal lines and a plurality of gate signal lines intersect, and In a liquid crystal display device having a switching element for driving a pixel electrode, the pixel electrode has a transmissive portion that transmits light from a light source and a reflective portion that reflects light from external light, The liquid crystal display device is characterized in that means for collecting light from the light source is provided between the electrode and the light source.

Further, in the above structure, the means for condensing the light is a microlens array.

According to another aspect of the invention, the source signal line drive circuit, the gate signal line drive circuit, and the regions where the plurality of source signal lines and the plurality of gate signal lines intersect each other are formed on the substrate having an insulating surface. A liquid crystal display device comprising a pixel electrode, a counter substrate, and a liquid crystal material between the counter substrate and the substrate, wherein the pixel electrode is a transmissive portion that transmits light from a light source and light from external light. And a means for condensing light from the light source is provided between the substrate or the counter substrate and the light source.

Further, in the above structure, the means for condensing the light is a microlens array.

Further, in another structure of the invention, as shown in the example in FIG. 8D, a microlens array, a light-transmitting substrate, and a space between the substrate and the microlens array substrate are provided. A pixel electrode and a liquid crystal material, and the pixel electrode has a transmissive portion that transmits light from a light source and a reflective portion that reflects light from outside light. It is a liquid crystal display device.

Further, in each of the above structures, the transparent portion of the pixel electrode is formed of a transparent conductive film. As the transparent conductive film, a compound of indium oxide and tin oxide (called ITO), a compound of indium oxide and zinc oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, or the like can be used.

Further, in each of the above-mentioned constitutions, the reflection portion of the pixel electrode is characterized by being a laminated layer of a transparent conductive film and a conductive film having reflectivity.

Further, in each of the above structures, as shown in FIG. 3, the reflective portion of the pixel electrode has a transparent conductive film as a lower layer,
A laminated film having a reflective conductive film as an upper layer, or FIG.
As shown in, the reflective portion of the pixel electrode is characterized by being a laminated layer having a transparent conductive film as an upper layer and a reflective conductive film as a lower layer.

Further, in each of the above-mentioned constitutions, the reflection portion of the pixel electrode is a conductive film having reflectivity, which is a film containing Al or Ag as a main component or a laminated film thereof. .

According to the present invention, in a transflective liquid crystal display device, it is possible to improve the light utilization efficiency in the transmissive mode. Therefore, the size of the reflective electrode can be increased, and further, a basic logic circuit such as a CMOS circuit or a complicated logic circuit (signal division circuit, D
A / A converter, operational amplifier, γ correction circuit, etc. can also be configured, and further memory (storage circuit (SRA
M, DRAM, etc.)) and a microprocessor can also be incorporated.

[0024]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

(Embodiment 1) Here, the structure shown in FIG. 1 is used, and as shown in FIG. 2, the reflective portion of the pixel electrode has a transparent conductive film as an upper layer and a reflective conductive film as a lower layer. An example of stacking is shown.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a backlight, 2 is a light guide plate,
Reference numeral 3 is a microlens array, and 4 is a semi-transmissive LCD (here, a liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of substrates). Although not shown here, a prism sheet is provided between the light guide plate 2 and the microlens array 3.

Enlarging the semi-transmissive LCD 4 in FIG. 1,
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the light (parallel light) from the backlight and the pixel electrode in the transmissive mode and the reflective mode.
(A) and FIG. 2 (B). Here, for simplification, only the pixel electrode is shown, and the detailed description of the element forming layer 22 including the TFT is omitted. The pixel electrode is formed of the transparent conductive film 23 and the reflective electrode 24.

In the transmissive mode shown in FIG. 2A, the light from the backlight is condensed by the microlens array 21, and passes through the region (transmissive portion) where the transparent conductive film 23 does not overlap the reflective electrode 24. . On the other hand, FIG. 2 (B)
In the reflection mode shown in (1), external light is reflected by the reflection electrode 24 (reflection portion). Note that the reflective portion of the pixel electrode is a stack in which the transparent conductive film is an upper layer and the conductive film having reflectivity is a lower layer.

A material containing aluminum as a main component is used as the conductive film having reflectivity, and I is used as the transparent conductive film.
Care must be taken when TO is used because it is apt to cause a corrosion reaction. Preferably, a buffer layer formed of a film containing titanium or the like is provided between the transparent conductive film and the conductive film having reflectivity.

In the microlens array 21, one of the plurality of configured lenses may correspond to the transmissive portion of one pixel. Although not shown here, the lens may be shaped like a Fresnel lens.

Further, in FIG. 2, 25 is a liquid crystal material, and 2
Reference numeral 6 is a transparent conductive film which will be a counter electrode, and 27 is a counter substrate. Although not shown here, the substrate 20 and the counter substrate 27 are bonded to each other with a sealing material or the like with a certain distance maintained by a spacer or the like.

According to the present invention, in a transflective liquid crystal display device, it is possible to improve the light utilization efficiency in the transmissive mode. Therefore, the size of the reflection electrode 24 can be increased, and further, a basic logic circuit such as a CMOS circuit or a complicated logic circuit (a signal division circuit, a D / A converter, an operational amplifier, a γ correction circuit) can be provided below the reflection electrode 24. Etc.) can be configured, and further, a memory (storage circuit (SRAM, DRAM, etc.)) or a microprocessor can be built.

(Embodiment 2) Here, an example different from the structure shown in FIG. 2 is shown. As shown in FIG. 3, the reflective portion of the pixel electrode has a transparent conductive film as a lower layer and a conductive film having reflectivity. An example is shown in which the upper layer is a laminated layer.

In the transmission mode shown in FIG. 3A, the light from the backlight is collected by the microlens array 31 and passes through the region (transmission part) where the transparent conductive film 33 does not overlap the reflection electrode 34b. . On the other hand, FIG.
In the reflection mode shown in (B), external light is reflected by the reflection electrode 3
It is reflected by 4b (reflecting portion). Note that the reflective portion of the pixel electrode is a stack in which the transparent conductive film is a lower layer and the reflective conductive film is an upper layer.

A material containing aluminum as a main component is used as the conductive film having reflectivity, and I is used as the transparent conductive film.
Care must be taken when TO is used because it is apt to cause a corrosion reaction. Preferably, the buffer layer 34a made of a film containing titanium or the like is provided between the transparent conductive film and the reflective conductive film.

Further, in the microlens array 31, one of the plurality of lenses configured may correspond to one lens and the transmissive portion of one pixel. Although not shown here, the lens may be shaped like a Fresnel lens.

In FIG. 3, 35 is a liquid crystal material, and 3
Reference numeral 6 is a transparent conductive film to be a counter electrode, and 37 is a counter substrate. Although not shown here, the substrate 30 and the counter substrate 37 are attached to each other with a sealing material or the like with a certain distance maintained by a spacer or the like.

According to the present invention, in a transflective liquid crystal display device, it is possible to improve the light utilization efficiency in the transmissive mode. Therefore, the size of the reflective electrode 34b can be increased, and the CMOS can be formed below the reflective electrode 34b.
A basic logic circuit such as a circuit, a complicated logic circuit (a signal dividing circuit, a D / A converter, an operational amplifier, a γ correction circuit, or the like) can be configured, and a memory (a memory circuit (SRAM, DRAM, or the like)). You can also build a microprocessor.

The present invention having the above structure will be described in more detail with reference to the following embodiments.

(Example) [Example 1] In this example, a detailed structure of a pixel portion included in a transflective liquid crystal display device used in the present invention will be described. According to the present invention, in a semi-transmissive liquid crystal display device, it is possible to improve the light utilization efficiency in the transmissive mode. Therefore, the size of the reflective electrode can be increased, and a memory can be formed below the reflective electrode.

A plurality of pixels 20 are arranged in a matrix in the pixel portion.
4 are arranged. An enlarged view of the pixel 204 is shown in FIG. The pixel 204 includes a pixel TFT 205 and an SRAM 207.
And a liquid crystal cell 2 in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between the counter electrode and the pixel electrode.
08 and are provided.

The gate electrode of the pixel TFT 205 is connected to the gate signal line 209. In addition, the pixel TFT 20
One of the source region and the drain region of 5 is connected to the source signal line 210, and the other is connected to the input side of the SRAM 207.

The SRAM 207 is a p-channel type TFT and an n-type.
It has two channel type TFTs, and the source region of the p channel type TFT is connected to the high voltage side power source line 211 and is kept at the voltage Vddh. N channel type T
The source region of the FT is connected to the low voltage side power supply line 212 and is maintained at the voltage Vss. Note that Vddh> Vs
s. One p-channel type TFT and one n-channel type TFT are paired, and one SRAM has two pairs of the p-channel type TFT and the n-channel type TFT.

The drain regions of the paired p-channel TFT and n-channel TFT are connected to each other. The gate electrodes of the p-channel TFT and the n-channel TFT which are paired are connected to each other. And one pair of p-channel type and n-channel type T
The drain region of the FT is kept at the same potential as the gate electrodes of the other pair of p-channel and n-channel TFTs. The drain regions of the pair of p-channel type and n-channel type TFTs are the input side where the input signal (Vin) is input, and the drain regions of the other pair of p-channel type and n-channel type TFTs are the output signals. (Vout)
Is the output side where is output.

The SRAM is designed to hold Vin and output Vout which is a signal obtained by inverting Vin. That is, when Vin is Hi, Vout becomes a Lo signal corresponding to Vss, and when Vin is Lo, Vout is Vd.
It becomes a Hi signal corresponding to dh.

The output side of the SRAM 207 is connected to the liquid crystal cell 20.
8 is connected to the pixel electrode. The pixel electrode has a reflective portion and a transmissive portion as described in Embodiment 1 or 2.

The pixel TFT 205 is turned on by the selection signal input to the gate signal line 209. Then, the digital video signal input to the source signal line 210 is input as Vin to the input side of the SRAM 207 via the pixel TFT 205.

The input digital video signal is held until the next digital video signal is input. Also S
A RAM takes a shorter time to write a digital video signal than a DRAM, and data can be written at high speed.

The digital video signal has 1 or 0 information, and the digital video signal input to the SRAM 707 has its information inverted and output. Eg 1
When the digital video signal having the information of 1 is input to the SRAM 207, the digital video signal having the information of 0 is output as Vout from the output side of the SRAM 207. Conversely, a digital video signal having 0 information is SRA
When input to M207, the digital video signal having the information of 1 is output as Vout from the output side of the SRAM 207.

The digital video signal output from the output side of the SRAM 207 is input to the pixel electrode of the liquid crystal cell 208. Then, the liquid crystal is driven according to the information of 1 or 0 included in the digital video signal, and the amount of transmitted light or the amount of reflected light is controlled.

Similarly, by inputting the digital video signal to all the pixels, it is selected whether or not the liquid crystal cell of each pixel shields light.

Further, when the digital video signals of all the bits are input to all the pixels, one image is displayed. Grayscale display may be performed by controlling the length of the period during which the liquid crystal cell of each pixel transmits light during one frame period, or a plurality of pixels may be used as one unit to transmit light or Grayscale display may be performed by controlling the area of a pixel having a reflective liquid crystal cell.

By providing the SRAM in the pixel in the present invention, the digital video signal input to the pixel can be held more reliably until the next digital video signal is input. That is, it is possible to prevent the charge held in the pixel electrode of the liquid crystal cell 208 from decreasing due to the leak current of the pixel TFT, and prevent the amount of transmitted light or the amount of reflected light of the liquid crystal cell from changing.

Since the volatile memory can be formed by using TFTs, it can be formed at the same time as the pixel TFTs.

In the present invention, the storage capacitor does not have to be positively provided. When the storage capacitor is not provided, the time for inputting the digital video signal to the pixel can be shortened. Therefore, even if the number of pixels of the liquid crystal display device increases,
The length of the writing period can be suppressed.

[Embodiment 2] In this embodiment, another structure of the pixel portion included in the transflective liquid crystal display device used in the present invention will be described.

FIG. 5 shows in detail the circuit configuration of the pixel. This pixel corresponds to a 3-bit digital gradation, and includes a liquid crystal element (LC) and a storage capacitor (C
s), storage circuits (505 to 507) and D / A (D / A
It has a converter: 511) and the like. Reference numeral 501 is a source signal line, 502 to 504 are write gate signal lines, 5
Reference numerals 08 to 510 are writing TFTs.

Although a specific example of the D / A converter 511 will be described in this embodiment, the D / A converter may be configured using a method other than that described in this embodiment.

First, the circuit operation in the section α will be described by representing each frame period as α, β, γ.

As in the case of the conventional digital drive circuit, the clock signal (S-CL
K, S-CLKb) and start pulse (S-SP)
Are input, and sampling pulses are sequentially output. Then, the sampling pulse is applied to the first latch circuit (LAT
The digital video signals (Digital Data) input to 1) and also input to the first latch circuit are held respectively. This period is referred to as a dot data sampling period in this specification. The dot data sampling period for one horizontal period is each period indicated by 1 to 480. The digital video signal has 3 bits. When the holding of the digital video signal for one horizontal period is completed in the first latch circuit, the digital video signal held in the first latch circuit is input with the latch signal (Latch Pulse) during the blanking period. According to the second
Is transferred to the latch circuit (LAT2).

Subsequently, the holding operation of the digital video signal for the next horizontal period is performed in accordance with the sampling pulse output from the shift register circuit again.

On the other hand, the digital video signal transferred to the second latch circuit is written in the memory circuit arranged in the pixel. Set the dot data sampling period for the next row to I, II
And III divided into three, and the digital video signal held in the second latch circuit is output to the source signal line. At this time, the bit signal selection switch selectively connects the signals of each bit so as to be sequentially output to the source signal line.

In the period I, the writing gate signal line 50
A pulse is input to 2 to turn on the TFT 508, and the digital video signal is written to the memory circuit 505. continue,
In the period II, a pulse is input to the writing gate signal line 503, the TFT 509 becomes conductive, and a digital video signal is written in the memory circuit 506. Finally, in the period III, a pulse is input to the writing gate signal line 504, the TFT 510 is turned on, and a digital video signal is written to the memory circuit 507.

Thus, the processing of the digital video signal for one horizontal period is completed. By performing the above operation to the final stage, a digital video signal for one frame is stored in the storage circuit 50.
Written to 5.

The written digital video signal is D / A
The signal is converted into an analog signal by 511 and input to the liquid crystal element. In this embodiment, the pixel electrode of the liquid crystal element is
As shown in Embodiment 1 or 2, it has a reflection portion and a transmission portion. The transmissivity or the reflectivity of the liquid crystal element changes according to the analog signal to express a gradation. Here, since it is 3 bits, 8 levels of brightness from 0 to 7 can be obtained.

By repeating the above operation, the image is continuously displayed. Here, when displaying a still image,
After the digital video signals are once stored in the storage circuits 505 to 507 in the first operation, the digital video signals stored in the storage circuits 505 to 507 may be repeatedly read out in each frame period. Therefore, the drive of the source signal line drive circuit can be stopped while the still image is displayed.

Further, writing of the digital video signal to the storage circuit or reading of the digital video signal from the storage circuit can be performed in units of one gate signal line. That is, it is possible to adopt a display method in which the source signal line drive circuit is operated for a short period of time and only part of the screen is rewritten.

In this case, it is desirable to use a decoder as the gate signal line drive circuit. When using a decoder, the circuit disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-101609 may be used. It is also possible to partially rewrite the source signal line driver circuit by using a decoder.

Further, in this embodiment, 3 pixels are included in one pixel.
It has three memory circuits and can output 1-bit digital video signal
Although it has a function of storing only the frames, the present invention is not limited to this number. That is, to store an n-bit digital video signal for m frames, n ×
It suffices to have m memory circuits.

By storing the digital video signal by using the storage circuit mounted in the pixel by the above method, the digital video signal stored in the storage circuit in each frame period when a still image is displayed is stored. It can be used repeatedly, and still images can be continuously displayed without driving an external circuit, a source signal line driver circuit, or the like. Therefore, it can greatly contribute to the reduction of power consumption of the liquid crystal display device.

Regarding the source signal line drive circuit,
Due to the problem of the layout of the latch circuit and the like which increases depending on the number of bits, it is not always necessary to integrally form it on the insulator, and part or all of it may be externally attached.

Further, in the source signal line drive circuit shown in this embodiment, the latch circuit corresponding to the number of bits is arranged, but it is also possible to arrange and operate only one bit. In this case, the digital video signals of higher bits to lower bits may be input to the latch circuit in series.

FIG. 6 shows an example in which this embodiment is applied to a portable information terminal. FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a mobile information terminal.
In this example, when displaying a still image, the functions of the video signal processing circuit 407 of the CPU 406, the VRAM 411, and the like can be stopped to reduce power consumption. In FIG. 6, the portion that performs the operation is indicated by a dotted line. Further, the controller 412 may be attached to the display device 413 by COG, or may be integrally formed inside the display device.

[Embodiment 3] In this embodiment, FIG. 7 shows a more detailed sectional structure than that of FIG.

The TFT of the pixel portion may be formed by forming a TFT on the substrate 710 by using a known technique to form an active matrix substrate. In the pixel portion, one of the electrodes which is in contact with the source region or the drain region of the TFT is formed using a reflective metal material to form a pixel electrode (reflection portion) 712. Next, a pixel electrode (transmissive portion) 711 made of a conductive film having a light-transmitting property is formed so as to partially overlap with the pixel electrode (reflective portion) 712. As the light-transmitting conductive film, ITO (indium oxide-tin oxide alloy), indium oxide-zinc oxide alloy (In ₂ O ₃ —ZnO), zinc oxide (ZnO), or the like may be used.

A liquid crystal module is manufactured by bonding the active matrix substrate and the counter substrate with an adhesive. Then, a backlight 7 is provided on the obtained liquid crystal module.
14, a light guide plate 715 is provided, a prism sheet (not shown) is provided on the light guide plate 715, a microlens array 718 is provided on the prism sheet so that one lens corresponds to a transmissive portion of one pixel, and a cover 716 is provided. If covered with
An active matrix type liquid crystal display device as shown in FIG. 7 is partially completed. The microlens array 718 and the liquid crystal module are attached to each other by using an adhesive layer 718 made of a material having a lower refractive index than the material of the microlens array 718. By doing so, the light that has passed through the microlens array 718 from the backlight can be focused on the transmissive portion. The cover and the liquid crystal module are attached to each other with an adhesive or an organic resin. When the active matrix substrate and the counter substrate are attached to each other, they may be surrounded by a frame and filled with an organic resin between the frame and the substrate for adhesion. Since it is a semi-transmissive type, the polarizing plates 713a and 713b are attached to both the substrate 710 and the counter substrate.

[Embodiment 4] In this embodiment, a process of manufacturing an active matrix type liquid crystal display device by separating the substrate 800 from the manufactured active matrix substrate and adhering the microlens array 812 will be described below. FIG. 8 is used for the description.

In FIG. 8A, reference numeral 800 denotes a substrate, and 80
Reference numeral 1 is a first material layer, 802 is a second material layer, 803 is a base insulating layer, 804a is an element of the driver circuit 813, and 804b.
The elements 804b, 805a, and 805b of the pixel portion 814 are pixel electrodes. The pixel electrode has a reflective portion 805 a and a transmissive portion 805 as described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2.
b. Here, the element refers to a semiconductor element (typically a TFT) or a MIM element used as a switching element of a pixel in an active matrix type liquid crystal display device.

First, a first material layer 801 having a tensile stress formed of a 50 nm tungsten film and a second material layer 802 having a compressive stress formed of silicon oxide obtained by a sputtering method are formed on a substrate, and then a base layer is formed. An insulating film is formed, each element is manufactured on the base insulating film by a known technique to obtain an active matrix substrate, and then an alignment film 806a is formed over the active matrix substrate and rubbing treatment is performed. In this example, before forming the alignment film, a columnar spacer (not shown) for holding the space between the substrates was formed at a desired position by patterning an organic resin film such as an acrylic resin film. Further, spherical spacers may be dispersed over the entire surface of the substrate instead of the columnar spacers.

Next, a counter substrate to be the support 807 is prepared. The counter substrate is provided with a color filter (not shown) in which a colored layer and a light shielding layer are arranged corresponding to each pixel. Further, a light-shielding layer was also provided in the drive circuit portion. A flattening film (not shown) covering the color filter and the light shielding layer was provided. Next, a counter electrode 808 made of a transparent conductive film was formed on the flattening film in the pixel portion, an alignment film 806b was formed over the entire surface of the counter substrate, and rubbing treatment was performed.

Then, the active matrix substrate 800 on which the pixel portion and the driving circuit are formed and the support 807 are attached to each other with a sealing material which becomes an adhesive layer 809. A filler is mixed in the sealing material, and the two substrates are bonded to each other with a uniform interval by the filler and the columnar spacer. After that, a liquid crystal material 810 is injected between both substrates and completely sealed with a sealant (not shown). (FIG. 8B) As the liquid crystal material 810, a known liquid crystal material may be used.

Next, the substrate 800 provided with the first material layer 801 is peeled off by physical means. (Fig. 8
(C) Since the second material layer 802 has a compressive stress and the first material layer 801 has a tensile stress, it can be peeled off with a relatively small force.

Next, an adhesive layer 811 made of epoxy resin or the like.
Then, it is attached to the microlens array 812 which is a transfer body. It should be noted that one lens of the microlens array 812 and one transmissive part 805b are aligned and attached. In this embodiment, the weight is reduced by using the microlens array 812.

Thus, the light-weight transflective liquid crystal display device is completed. Further, a polarizing plate (not shown) and the like are appropriately provided by using a known technique. Then, an FPC (not shown) was attached using a known technique.

This embodiment can be combined with any one of Embodiment Mode 1 or Embodiment Mode 2 and Embodiments 1 to 3.

[Embodiment 5] A semi-transmissive liquid crystal display device formed by implementing the present invention can complete various electronic devices. That is, by implementing the present invention, all electronic devices incorporating them are completed.

Examples of such electronic equipment include video cameras, digital cameras, goggle type displays (head mount displays), navigation systems, sound reproduction devices (car audio systems, audio components, etc.),
Recording of notebook type personal computers, game machines, portable information terminals (mobile computers, cell phones, portable game machines, electronic books, etc.), image reproducing devices equipped with recording media (specifically, DVD: Digital Versatile Discs), etc. An apparatus including a display device capable of reproducing a medium and displaying an image thereof is included. Examples of those are shown in FIG.

FIG. 9A shows a display device, which is a housing 200.
1, support base 2002, display unit 2003, speaker unit 2
004, a video input terminal 2005 and the like. The display device includes all display devices for displaying information, such as those for personal computers, those for receiving TV broadcasting, and those for displaying advertisements. By the way, Figure 9
The display shown in (A) is of a small, medium or large size,
For example, the screen size is 5 to 20 inches. Further, in order to form a display portion having such a size, it is preferable to use a substrate whose one side is 1 m and perform multi-chambering for mass production.

FIG. 9B shows a digital still camera including a main body 2101, a display section 2102, an image receiving section 2103,
An operation key 2104, an external connection port 2105, a shutter 2106 and the like are included. Book

FIG. 9C shows a laptop personal computer, which has a main body 2201, a housing 2202, and a display section 22.
03, keyboard 2204, external connection port 2205,
A pointing mouse 2206 and the like are included.

FIG. 9D shows a mobile computer, which has a main body 2301, a display portion 2302, and a switch 230.
3, an operation key 2304, an infrared port 2305 and the like.

FIG. 9E shows a portable image reproducing device (specifically, a DVD reproducing device) provided with a recording medium, which includes a main body 2401, a casing 2402, a display portion A2403, and a display portion B.
2404, a recording medium (DVD or the like) reading unit 2405,
An operation key 2406, a speaker portion 2407, and the like are included. Note that the image reproducing device provided with the recording medium includes a home game machine and the like.

FIG. 9F shows a goggle type display (head mount display), which includes a main body 2501, a display section 2502 and an arm section 2503.

FIG. 9G shows a video camera, which is the main body 2
601, display unit 2602, housing 2603, external connection port 2604, remote control receiving unit 2605, image receiving unit 260
6, a battery 2607, a voice input unit 2608, operation keys 2609, and the like.

FIG. 7H shows a mobile phone, which includes a main body 2701, a housing 2702, a display portion 2703, a voice input portion 2704, a voice output portion 2705, operation keys 2706, an external connection port 2707, an antenna 2708, and the like. Including. Note that the display portion 2703 can suppress power consumption of the mobile phone by displaying white characters on a black background.

Further, according to this embodiment, it is possible to improve the light use efficiency in the transmission mode. Therefore, the size of the reflection electrode can be increased, and further, a basic logic circuit such as a CMOS circuit or a complicated logic circuit (a signal division circuit, a D / A converter, an operational amplifier, a γ correction circuit, etc.) is provided under the reflection electrode. Can also be configured, and further, a memory (storage circuit (SRAM, DRAM, etc.)) or a microprocessor can be incorporated. Example 1
As shown in one example thereof in Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 2, if a memory (storage circuit (SRAM, DRAM, etc.)) is built in, the total power consumption of the electronic device can be greatly reduced.

As described above, the application range of the device manufactured by the present invention is extremely wide, and it can be used for electric appliances in all fields.

[0098]

According to the present invention, in a transflective liquid crystal display device, the light utilization efficiency in the transmissive mode can be improved. Therefore, the size of the reflection electrode can be increased, and further, a basic logic circuit such as a CMOS circuit or a complicated logic circuit (signal division circuit,
A D / A converter, an operational amplifier, a γ correction circuit, etc. can also be configured, and a memory (storage circuit (SR
AM, DRAM, etc.) and microprocessors can also be built. If a memory (memory circuit (SRAM, DRAM, etc.)) is built in the lower layer of the reflective electrode, the total power consumption of the electronic device can be significantly reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic view of the present invention. (Embodiment 1)

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic enlarged view of the present invention. (Embodiment 1)

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic enlarged view of the present invention. (Embodiment 2)

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a mobile information terminal. (Example 2)

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of the present invention. (Example 3)

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a process cross-sectional view of the present invention. (Example 4)

FIG. 9 illustrates an example of an electronic device.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a prism sheet.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) G02F 1/1368 G02F 1/1368 G09F 9/00 348 G09F 9/00 348C 9/30 338 9/30 338 349 349D 9/35 9/35 F-term (reference) 2H042 DA02 DA04 DA18 DA22 DB08 DE00 2H091 FA15Y FA29Y FA29Z FD06 GA03 GA11 LA13 2H092 GA20 HA04 HA05 NA01 NA07 5C094 AA10 AA22 BA03 BA43 CA19 DA09 DA13 DB04 EA04 EA05 EA06 EA07 EB02 ED01 ED11 5G435 AA00 AA03 BB12 BB15 BB16 CC09 DD09 DD13 EE27 EE33 EE37 FF03 FF08 GG02 GG24

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A source signal line drive circuit, a gate signal line drive circuit, a pixel electrode in each region where a plurality of source signal lines and a plurality of gate signal lines intersect, and a switching element for driving the pixel electrode. In the liquid crystal display device having, the pixel electrode has a transmissive portion that transmits light from the light source and a reflective portion that reflects light from external light, and the pixel electrode and the light source from the light source. A liquid crystal display device, characterized in that a means for collecting the light is provided. 2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the means for condensing the light is a microlens array. 3. A source signal line driver circuit, a gate signal line driver circuit, a pixel electrode in each region where a plurality of source signal lines and a plurality of gate signal lines intersect, and a counter substrate on a substrate having an insulating surface. A liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal material between the counter substrate and the substrate, wherein the pixel electrode has a transmissive portion that transmits light from a light source and a reflective portion that reflects light from external light. A liquid crystal display device, comprising means for condensing light from a light source between the substrate or the counter substrate and the light source. 4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 3, wherein the means for condensing the light is a microlens array. 5. A microlens array, a transparent substrate, a pixel electrode and a liquid crystal material between the substrate and the microlens array substrate, and the pixel electrode is connected to a light source. 2. A liquid crystal display device, comprising: a transmissive portion that transmits the light and a reflective portion that reflects the light from the outside light. 6. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the transmissive portion of the pixel electrode is made of a transparent conductive film. 7. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the reflective portion of the pixel electrode is a laminated layer of a transparent conductive film and a conductive film having reflectivity. 8. The liquid crystal according to claim 1, wherein the reflective portion of the pixel electrode is a laminated layer having a transparent conductive film as a lower layer and a reflective conductive film as an upper layer. Display device. 9. The liquid crystal according to claim 1, wherein the reflective portion of the pixel electrode is a laminated layer including a transparent conductive film as an upper layer and a reflective conductive film as a lower layer. Display device. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
The liquid crystal display device, wherein the reflective portion of the pixel electrode is a conductive film having reflectivity and is a film containing Al or Ag as a main component or a laminated film thereof. 11. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal display device is a video camera, a digital camera, a goggle type display, a car navigation system, a personal computer or a personal digital assistant. .