JP2003105340A - Continuous carbon raw material production device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a continuous carbon raw material production device which can maintain production efficiency in spite of the change of treating conditions. SOLUTION: This continuous carbon raw material production device 10 comprises a preliminary chamber 11, a preliminarily heating chamber 12, a thermally decomposing chamber 13, three component-separating chambers 141, 142, 143, two cooling chambers 151, 152, and a cooling preliminary chamber 16. When a time required for the thermal decomposition is elongated because of containing a large amount of chlorine-containing polymers in a raw material, the number of thermally decomposing chambers is increased. When a long time is needed for the preliminary heating because of containing a large amount of water in the raw material, one of the thermally decomposing chambers is used as a preliminarily heating chamber. Thereby, retention times in the chambers can be equalized or nearly equalized to each other to improve the production efficiency.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a continuous production apparatus for a carbon material, which mainly uses waste as a raw material, and more particularly to a continuous production apparatus for a carbon material capable of maintaining production efficiency regardless of changes in processing conditions. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method for treating wastes, such as incineration or melting treatment, which can be reused as a resource in large part without causing a large environmental damage, reduction of organic substances including polymer compounds contained in the wastes. A method for producing a carbon material for industrial use by separating the compositions has been proposed (JP-A-10-13).
0007). In a carbon material manufacturing apparatus, a raw material in which an organic substance and an inorganic substance are mixed is loaded in a container, and the container is introduced from the outside to create a nitrogen-reducing atmosphere in the chamber, and the chamber is heated to 130 to 150 ° C. The preheating chamber that can evaporate and collect the contained water
A thermal decomposition chamber capable of generating chlorine gas from a chlorine-containing organic substance contained in the raw material and recovering it by heating to 0 to 300 ° C., and heating the interior to 420 to 450 ° C. to carbonize the organic substance contained in the raw material. The carbon material is manufactured by sequentially advancing one or more chambers each including a composition separation chamber and a cooling chamber for lowering the temperature of the carbon material to a temperature at which the carbon material does not burn by contact with air. It is possible to obtain a carbon material mainly for industrial use by separating metal, glass and the like from the raw material whose composition is separated through this apparatus.

In such a carbon material manufacturing apparatus, it was difficult to cope with changes in processing conditions. For example, the characteristics of waste materials as raw materials change day by day. For example, general waste materials include household waste materials that contain a large amount of water, may contain a large amount of plastics, and may contain a large amount of plastics containing chlorine. In some cases, Industrial waste may be mainly used tires or construction waste. When water is used as the refrigerant in the cooling chamber, the time required for cooling varies depending on the temperature, and the time required for preheating also varies depending on the temperature. The progress of the treatment in each chamber is monitored by the control device by detecting the temperature and the composition of the generated gas, and the control device is suitable for the treatment of the raw materials loaded in one container in one chamber. When the manufacturing process is advanced to the next stage, the manufacturing equipment is controlled to proceed to the next chamber, but the processing time varies due to changes in the processing conditions, and if the gap between the residence time in one chamber increases,
The raw material that has been processed in one chamber does not proceed to the next chamber, and the waiting time becomes long, the manufacturing efficiency decreases, and the energy during the waiting is wasted.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a continuous carbon material production apparatus capable of maintaining production efficiency regardless of changes in processing conditions.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a container in which a raw material in which an organic substance and an inorganic substance are mixed is loaded in a container, and the container is introduced from the outside to create a nitrogen reducing atmosphere in the room. Room to room, 130-150 ℃
A pre-heating chamber capable of heating and heating to evaporate and collect water contained in the raw material, and heating the room to 250 to 300 ° C. to generate and recover chlorine gas from the chlorine-containing organic substance contained in the raw material. 4 heating decomposition chambers
One or more chambers each consisting of a composition separation chamber for heating to 20 to 450 ° C. to carbonize the organic matter contained in the raw material, and a cooling chamber for lowering the carbon material to a temperature at which it does not burn by contact with air In a continuous production apparatus of a carbon material for producing a carbon material in a nitrogen reducing atmosphere by advancing, each time the raw material stays in each of the chambers is the same depending on a change in processing conditions such as characteristics of the raw material. Alternatively, the continuous production apparatus of carbon material is configured so that the number of each of the chambers can be adjusted so as to be as close to the maximum as possible.

In the continuous production apparatus for carbon material according to the present invention, one or more preparatory chambers, preheating chambers, thermal decomposition chambers, composition separation chambers and cooling chambers are provided, and each chamber is loaded with raw materials. The carbon material is manufactured by moving the container. Therefore, the processing time in one certain chamber corresponds to the final processing time of the raw materials loaded in one container. Since the processing time in one chamber fluctuates according to changes in processing conditions such as the characteristics of the raw materials, adjusting the number of each chamber so that the residence time in each chamber is the same or close to the maximum is the final The processing time can be minimized. For example, if the processing time in the composition separation chamber requires twice the processing time in the thermal decomposition chamber,
By making the number of composition separation chambers twice the number of thermal decomposition chambers, the residence time in each chamber can be made substantially the same. This makes it possible to maximize the manufacturing efficiency, shorten the waiting time, and minimize the energy loss during that time.

Since one container can be accommodated in each chamber, in the continuous carbon material manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the container being processed can be moved from one chamber to the next at about the same time. become able to. Further, in order to increase the manufacturing efficiency, it is not a good idea to increase the capacity of each chamber, that is, to store and process two or more containers in one chamber in the same way. When the container is not full, energy is wasted, and it becomes difficult to control the temperature and grasp the progress of processing.

The number of chambers can be adjusted by inserting necessary chambers at the boundaries of the chambers and removing unnecessary chambers facing the boundaries of the chambers to increase or decrease the total number of chambers. . In the case of such insertion / removal, the adjustment is to respond to changes in the processing conditions that are permanent to some extent.For example, from the initial state when the manufacturing equipment was installed, when the actual operation was performed, there was a lot of water in the raw material For example, the number of heating chambers may be increased or the composition separation chamber may be reduced due to the small amount of organic compounds in the raw material, and adjustment may be made. Refurbishing to insert / remove a room on the boundary is easier than inserting / removing on a boundary.

Further, the number of the chambers can be adjusted by allowing the chambers close to the boundaries of the chambers to perform any function of the chambers on both sides of the boundary. For example, simply, the application is changed to the composition separation chamber by controlling the temperature of the thermal decomposition chamber facing the boundary between the thermal decomposition chamber and the composition separation chamber to be raised to a higher temperature. As a result, for example, it is possible to perform processing that matches the characteristics of the waste on that day. The switching of the function may be automatically performed by, for example, the control device of the manufacturing apparatus by analyzing the progress status of the processing in each room, and may be performed by the operator by judging the raw material to be processed. May be.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION One embodiment of a continuous production apparatus for carbon material according to the present invention will be described below. The following description is provided for a better understanding of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing the entire carbonization treatment system for wastes, which includes one embodiment of the continuous production apparatus for carbon material according to the present invention and each auxiliary equipment. In the figure, around the continuous production apparatus 10 for a carbon material, which is the main body, a supply facility section 20, a separation section 30, a nitrogen generation apparatus 40, a control section 50, a heat exchanger 60, a liquefaction recovery section 70 and a composition are provided. A component separation device 80 is arranged.

In the replenishment equipment section 20, wastes containing organic substances and inorganic substances conveyed by a truck or the like are put into the pit as raw materials and stacked in a plurality of containers (not shown) having a capacity of about 1 m ³ . The carbon material is sent to the continuous production apparatus 10. In the separation unit 20, metals, glass, etc. are separated from the product containing the carbon material. The nitrogen generator 40 supplies nitrogen gas to each chamber constituting the continuous production apparatus 10 for carbon material. The control unit 50 controls the entire carbonization treatment system. The heat exchanger 60 cools the decomposed gas generated from each chamber of the continuous production apparatus 10 for carbon material,
The high boiling point component is liquefied and sent to the liquefaction recovery unit 70,
The remaining decomposed gas is sent to the decomposed gas processing unit 80. The liquid and gas recovered in the liquefied material recovery unit 70 and the decomposed gas processing unit 80 are discharged as harmless or used for reuse.

FIG. 2 is a continuous production apparatus 1 for carbon material of FIG.
It is a front view which shows 0. Continuous carbon material manufacturing equipment 10
Is a preliminary chamber 11, a thermal decomposition chamber 13, and three composition separation chambers 14.
1, 142, 143, two cooling chambers 151, 152, and a preliminary cooling chamber 16. Container is carry-in conveyor 1
71 is carried into the preparatory chamber 11 and is carried out by the carry-out conveyor 172.
Are carried out from the preliminary cooling chamber 16. The movement of the container between each room is performed by the roller conveyor 1 provided at the bottom of each room.
This is done by driving 73. Each room is airtight to the outside except the spare room 11 and the precooling room when loading / unloading, and each room is airtight to the adjacent room except when loading / unloading with the adjacent room. Is. The loading and unloading ports of the pre-chamber 11 and the pre-cooling chamber 16 are closed by a shutter 181 that can be opened and closed, and the boundary between the chambers is closed and opened by a partition door 182 made of cast iron plate, and heat exchange between the chambers is performed. I try to minimize it. However, a nitrogen gas supply pipe from the nitrogen generator 40 and a decomposed gas recovery pipe to the heat exchanger 60 are connected to each chamber (not shown).

In the preparatory chamber 11, a container is introduced from the outside and nitrogen gas is supplied from the nitrogen generator 40 to make the interior of the chamber a nitrogen reducing atmosphere. Nitrogen gas from the nitrogen generator 40 is supplied to each chamber, and all the processing in each chamber is performed in a nitrogen reducing atmosphere. The gas generated from each chamber except the preliminary chamber 11 and the preliminary cooling chamber 16 is recovered by the heat exchanger 60 together with the nitrogen gas in each chamber. In the preheating chamber 12, the inside of the chamber is heated to 130 to 150 ° C. by the heater 19 to evaporate the moisture contained in the raw material and heat exchanger 60.
Will be collected. In the thermal decomposition chamber, the interior of the chamber is heated to 250 to 300 ° C. by the heater 19, and chlorine gas is generated from the chlorine-containing organic matter contained in the raw material to generate heat in the heat exchanger 60.
Will be collected. In the composition separation chambers 141, 142, 143, the interior of the chamber is heated to 420 to 450 ° C. by the heater 19 to carbonize the organic matter contained in the raw material. In the cooling chambers 151 and 152, by circulating cooling water through a cooling pipe (not shown) provided around the outer wall of the chamber, the manufactured carbon material is lowered to a temperature at which it does not burn due to contact with air. Preliminary cooling is performed in the precooling chamber 16, and air is introduced by opening the shutter 191 to eliminate the nitrogen reducing atmosphere.

Each of the chambers except the prechamber 11 and the precooling chamber 16 is one unit having a chamber, a roller conveyor 173, and a partition door 182 as a basic structure, and is exchanged with each other by connecting pipes and wiring. It is possible. For example, the preheating chamber 12, the thermal decomposition chamber 13, and the composition separation chambers 141, 14
Nos. 2 and 143 have the same configuration except that the temperature to be raised by the heater 19 is different. Moreover, the cooling chamber 15
Although the configurations of the cooling chambers 151 and 152 are different from those of the other chambers in that the cooling chambers are provided, it is obvious that the cooling chamber 151 may be provided with a heater so that heating can be performed.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C are respectively shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a front view schematically showing each chamber of the continuous production apparatus 10 for a carbon material shown in FIG.

First, in the initial state in which the system as shown in FIG. 1 is introduced, the continuous production apparatus 10 for carbon material has one auxiliary chamber 11, one preliminary heating chamber 12, one thermal decomposition chamber 13, and three. Two composition separation chambers 141, 142, 14
3 and two cooling chambers 151 and 152, and one cooling preliminary chamber 16. This is the basic configuration.

After introducing the continuous production apparatus 10 for carbon material,
When actually operating, it is assumed that, for example, it is found that the raw material waste contains a larger amount of chlorine-containing organic compounds such as vinyl than originally assumed. For this reason, it is assumed that the time the container stays in the thermal decomposition chamber 13 is extremely long, and is almost twice as long as the longest staying time in the other chambers.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3B, another thermal decomposition chamber 132 is inserted between the thermal decomposition chamber 13 and the composition separation chamber 141 (the original thermal decomposition chamber is the thermal decomposition chamber 131). The heating and decomposition chambers will be modified to two to make the residence time in each chamber nearly the same. This increases the total number of chambers from 9 to 10. Since the thermal decomposition is performed in the two thermal decomposition chambers 131 and 132, the time spent for thermal decomposition for one container does not change, but the overall processing time is improved and the production efficiency can be doubled. . Further, it is possible to eliminate the energy loss required for the warm-up operation while waiting for the arrival or delivery of the container in the other room due to the congestion in the thermal decomposition room 13.

Furthermore, it is assumed that the waste introduced one day is household waste and the amount of raw garbage is larger than usual. The raw material contains a lot of water. When this is used as a raw material, it takes a long time to perform processing in the preheating chamber 12 for removing water, and the retention time becomes prominently long. The control device 50 that detects this changes the purpose of the heating decomposition chamber 131 for preheating. As described above, the thermal decomposition chamber 131
Since the preheating chamber 12 and the preheating chamber 12 have the same configuration except that the temperature for raising the temperature is different, the application is changed only by changing the set temperature. As a result, as shown in FIG.
One preheating chamber 121, 122 and one heating decomposition chamber 13
As a result, the residence time in each chamber is almost the same, and the manufacturing efficiency is improved.

The increase / decrease / use change of each chamber is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 3. For example, the heat decomposition chamber may be used as a composition separation chamber or the composition separation chamber may be increased / decreased. You can For example, the composition separation chamber 143
Can be used as a buffer cooling room by turning off the heater to save energy. Further, when the temperature of the cooling water is low in winter, the cooling efficiency is good, so that it is possible to increase / decrease and change the usage of various chambers, such as using one cooling chamber 152 and using the cooling chamber 151 as a composition separation chamber. is there.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and can be appropriately modified within the scope of the gist of the present invention.

[0024]

As described above, according to the apparatus for continuously producing a carbon material according to the present invention, the production efficiency can be maintained regardless of the change in the processing conditions.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a carbonization treatment system including one embodiment of a continuous production apparatus for carbon material according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing the continuous production apparatus for the carbon material shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic front view for explaining the manner of increasing / decreasing each chamber and changing the application in the continuous production apparatus for carbon material shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 spare room 12 Preheating chamber 13 Thermal decomposition chamber 141, 142, 143 Composition separation chamber 151, 152 Cooling chamber 16 Pre-cooling chamber

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A preparatory chamber in which a raw material in which an organic substance and an inorganic substance are mixed is loaded in a container, and the container is introduced from the outside to create a nitrogen-reducing atmosphere in the container;
A pre-heating chamber capable of being heated to ℃ to evaporate and collect water contained in the raw material, and the chamber is heated to 250 to 300 ℃ to generate and recover chlorine gas from the chlorine-containing organic substance contained in the raw material. From a heat decomposition chamber that can be used, a composition separation chamber that carbonizes the organic substances contained in the raw material by heating the chamber to 420 to 450 ° C., and a cooling chamber that lowers the carbon material to a temperature at which it does not burn by contact with air. In a continuous production apparatus of a carbon material for producing a carbon material in a nitrogen-reducing atmosphere by sequentially advancing each of the one or more chambers, in accordance with changes in processing conditions such as characteristics of the material, the material is A continuous production apparatus for a carbon material, characterized in that the number of the chambers can be adjusted so that the respective residence times in the respective chambers are the same or close to each other as much as possible. 2. The number of the respective chambers is increased or decreased by inserting necessary chambers at the boundaries of the respective chambers and removing unnecessary chambers facing the boundaries of the respective chambers to increase or decrease the total number of the chambers. The continuous production apparatus for a carbon material according to claim 1, which is adjustable. 3. The continuous production apparatus for a carbon material according to claim 1, wherein the chamber adjacent to the boundary of each chamber can perform any function of the chambers on both sides of the boundary.