JP2000212568A - Production of carbon raw material and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify the structure of a carbon raw material-producing apparatus, efficiently promote carbonization and obtain a carbon raw material excellent in quality and useful for industries, etc., by thermally transferring the heat in a heat decomposition furnace from the high-temperature part to the low- temperature part to make the temperature distribution of the furnace uniform. SOLUTION: When organic matters such as organic matters contained in industrial waste, domestic garbage, etc., are thermally decomposed by low- temperature indirect heating under oxygen-free closed atmosphere replaced with nitrogen to produce carbon raw material in a heat decomposition furnace C, the heat in the heat decomposition furnace C is thermally transferred from the high-temperature part to the low-temperature part by a heat pipe F and temperature distribution in the heat decomposition furnace C is made uniform to provide the objective carbon raw material. Furthermore, it is preferable that the heat pipe F is arranged vertically in the heat decomposition furnace and a carbon raw material-producing apparatus is equipped with a decomposition gas treating part connected to the interior of the heat decomposition furnace C.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing a carbon material used for producing carbon materials used as various industrial raw materials by carbonizing organic substances contained in, for example, industrial waste and household garbage. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method and an apparatus for producing this kind of carbon material, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-130007,
There is known a structure in which a carbon material is produced by thermally decomposing these organic substances by low-temperature indirect heating in a pyrolysis furnace in an oxygen-free closed atmosphere prepared by nitrogen replacement.

[0003]

However, in the case of the above-mentioned conventional structure, the inside of the pyrolysis furnace is heated by a heating element such as a far-infrared heater, and organic matter is indirectly heated. In a vertical structure in which the pyrolysis furnace extends vertically, depending on the location of the heating element, heat concentrates on the upper part of the furnace and the temperature of the lower part does not easily rise. Even if the heating source as a heating element is centrally arranged, it is difficult to equalize the temperature inside the furnace because the conditions in each part of the furnace differ depending on other factors, and the temperature distribution becomes uneven, and the thermal efficiency In some cases may cause a decrease in

[0004]

The object of the present invention is to solve such inconveniences.
The invention of the method according to claim 1 is a method for producing a carbon material by thermally decomposing an organic substance by low-temperature indirect heating in a pyrolysis furnace under an oxygen-free closed atmosphere prepared by replacing with nitrogen. A carbon material production method characterized in that heat is transferred from a high-temperature portion to a low-temperature portion by a heat pipe to make the temperature distribution in the pyrolysis furnace uniform.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a transport unit capable of transporting a container in which an organic substance is stored, and an oxygen-free closed atmosphere prepared by replacing the organic substance transported in the container with nitrogen. A pyrolysis furnace for performing pyrolysis by low-temperature indirect heating, wherein the heat in the pyrolysis furnace is transferred from the high-temperature portion to the low-temperature portion in the pyrolysis furnace to make the temperature distribution in the pyrolysis furnace uniform. The carbon material manufacturing apparatus is provided with a heat pipe that performs heat treatment.

The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the heat pipe is arranged vertically in a pyrolysis furnace, and the invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The thermal cracking furnace is provided with a cracked gas processing section connected to the inside of the thermal cracking furnace, and the invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the thermal cracking furnace is capable of vertically transporting the container. The invention according to claim 6, wherein the inside of the furnace is configured in a vertical structure extending vertically, and wherein the transport section is configured to transport the container vertically in a tray. It is characterized by being configured in an elevator type structure.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIGS. 1 to 5 show an embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention, which is roughly classified into a transport section A capable of transporting a container W containing organic substances, and a transport path of the container W. , A pyrolysis furnace C disposed at a position subsequent to the operation preparation unit B in the transport path of the container W, and a pyrolysis furnace C disposed in a position subsequent to the operation preparation section B in the transport path of the container W. It is composed of a cooling standby section D arranged at the subsequent position, and a cracked gas processing section E connected to the thermal cracking furnace C.

Here, the transport section A has a structure for transporting the container W containing the organic matter in a transport path from the operation preparation section B to the cooling standby section D via the pyrolysis furnace C, The transport section A has an independent internal transport structure that can be separated for each of the operation preparation section B, the thermal decomposition furnace C, and the cooling standby section D.

In this case, the pyrolysis furnace C is connected to the container W
Is constructed in a vertical structure in which the inside of a furnace capable of vertically transporting is vertically extended, and a transport section A includes an operation preparation section B and a cooling standby section D.
Has a roller conveyor structure in which the container W can be placed and transported in the horizontal direction, and in the pyrolysis furnace C, it is configured as a tray elevator type structure,
The container W horizontally conveyed in the operation preparation unit B is transferred from the operation preparation unit B to the pyrolysis furnace C, and is conveyed upward and then conveyed downward in the pyrolysis furnace C,
The container W conveyed in the pyrolysis furnace C by detouring up and down is transferred from the pyrolysis furnace C to the cooling standby unit D, and is carried out of the cooling standby unit D.

In this case, the pyrolysis furnace C has a refractory material 2 disposed in a cylindrical furnace body 1 and is configured to be heat-resistant, heat-insulated, and closed and enclosed. The rotating shafts 3 and 4 are installed on the lower and upper portions of the pyrolysis furnace C by the gantry M.
Attach sprockets 5, 5, 6, 6 to the left and right sides of the
Each of the sprockets 5.6 is wound around a transport chain 7.8 between the sprockets 5.6, and a plurality of mounting members 9.9 are protruded from the transport chain 7.8 at predetermined intervals. A suspension shaft 10 is installed between the suspension shafts, a cage-shaped cage body 11 is suspended from each suspension shaft 10 in a suspended manner, and a drive motor 13 is connected to the upper rotating shaft 4 via a shaft coupling 12. Thus, the container W is delivered from the operation preparation section B to the cage body at one lower side of the pyrolysis furnace C, and the transport chains 7.8 are circulated and rotated by the rotation of the drive motor 13,
By this circulating rotation, the cage body 11 is conveyed upward and then circumvented and conveyed downward. On the other hand, at the lower part, the container W is delivered from the pyrolysis furnace C to the cooling standby unit D.

[0011] Also, arming unit B consists carry standby portion B ₁ and the carry-in section B _2, is disposed at the inlet portion of the pyrolysis furnace C, loading stand portion B ₁ and loading unit B ₂ is thermal decomposition furnaces C Similarly heat as thermal insulation, is formed in a closed sealed structure, inside the heating body (not shown) using a far-infrared heater or electromagnetic waves to be used for pre-heating forming the water evaporation removal of about room temperature 0.99 ° C. of the carry section B ₂ is is arranged, carrying standby unit B ₁ and loading unit B ₂ is made nitrogen substitution as exchange of air and nitrogen gas, oxygen-free closure confined atmosphere is produced.

The inside of the pyrolysis furnace C is also replaced with nitrogen as a replacement of air and nitrogen gas, an oxygen-free closed atmosphere is created, and a far-infrared heater used for heating the furnace temperature to about 450 ° C. A heating element (not shown) using electromagnetic waves is arranged, and is configured to be capable of thermally decomposing organic substances housed in the container W and conveyed by low-temperature indirect heating in an oxygen-free closed air atmosphere.

[0013] Also, between the loading stand portion B ₁ and the outside, blocking the door N between and between the loading unit B ₂ and the inlet portion of the pyrolysis furnace C with loading stand portion B ₁ and the carry-in section B ₂ is It is arranged to be freely opened and closed by upper and lower closing mechanism N _1.

The cooling standby section D is provided with a cooling chamber D ₁ for cooling a carbon material produced by thermally decomposing organic matter in the container W by low-temperature indirect heating in a pyrolysis furnace C under oxygen-free and closed conditions. is composed of a carry-out standby chamber D _2,
Even in each of the cooling chamber D ₁ and the unloading standby chamber D ₂ , the cooling chamber D ₁ is configured to have a heat-resistant, heat-insulating, closed and sealed structure, and is filled with liquid nitrogen for cooling the carbon material or mist-like cold water. injection is made of, made injection and cold injection additional coolable nitrogen gas carbon material by nitrogen gas as necessary to carry-out the antechamber D _2, the pyrolyzed high temperature carbon material just after being produced by the When it comes to the outside, it is brought into contact with oxygen to a temperature that does not burn, and the outlet of the pyrolysis furnace C and the cooling chamber D
Between _1, also blocked the door N between and between the unloading standby chamber D ₂ and the outside of the cooling chamber D ₁ and unloading standby chamber D ₂ is arranged to be freely opened and closed by upper and lower closing mechanism N _1.

It is to be noted that an air curtain structure may be employed in place of the shut-off door N between the outside and the carry-in waiting section B ₁ and between the carry-out waiting room D ₂ and the outside.

Reference symbol E denotes a decomposition gas processing section, in the pyrolysis furnace C, the organic matter is thermally decomposed by being indirectly heated at a low temperature in an oxygen-free closed atmosphere, and a decomposition gas is generated by the thermal decomposition. Since the inside of the cracking furnace is filled with nitrogen gas, of the cracking gas, nitrogen gas (specific gravity 0.967
Chlorine gas (specific gravity 2.486), butane (specific gravity 2.0908), propane (specific gravity 1.562), etc., which are separated vertically above and below the boundary of 3), gather in the lower part of the furnace and have a low specific gravity. Methane (specific gravity 0.5544) and the like are collected at the upper part. Therefore, the outlets 14 and 14 are arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the furnace main body 1 so that various gases are taken out according to a difference in specific gravity. .

F denotes a heat pipe, which is arranged in the plurality of pyrolysis furnaces C and has a structure capable of transferring heat in the pyrolysis furnace C from a high-temperature portion to a low-temperature portion. As a structure, a wick material made of stainless steel, sintered metal, felt, carbon fiber, etc. is lined on the inner wall of a sealing pipe made of stainless steel, aluminum, copper, etc. (some structures have no wick material), and the inside is high. The pressure is reduced to a vacuum, and a heat medium such as water, alcohol, acetone, benzene, and freon is sealed. However, when the heat input section at one end of the heat pipe F is heated, the heat medium enclosed therein evaporates and is locally evaporated. High pressure, a pressure difference is generated between the heat pipe F and the heat radiating section at the other end, and a steam flows from the heat input section to the heat radiating section, and the steam flow moves to the heat radiating section at the speed of sound. And in the radiator Heating causes the heat medium to condense and return to a liquid, and the heat medium flows back from the heat radiating section to the heat input section due to the capillary action of the wick material, and if there is a temperature difference between the heat input section and the heat radiating section, this heat transfer cycle is performed. The heat in the pyrolysis furnace C is continuously transferred from the high-temperature portion to the low-temperature portion.
Heating is performed by controlling the inside of the furnace by itself and making the temperature distribution uniform, and the heating source as a heating element is concentrated at the lower part of the furnace without disposing the heating element as a heating source throughout the furnace It can also be arranged, and convenience such as installation work and maintenance of the heating element can be improved.

In this case, since a plurality of the heat pipes F are vertically arranged in the pyrolysis furnace C, the upper high-temperature heat in the pyrolysis furnace C is transferred to the lower low-temperature section, and the pyrolysis is performed. The upper and lower temperature distributions in the furnace C are made uniform, and the inside of the pyrolysis furnace C is uniformly heated.
In this case, the fins F ₁ respectively formed at both end portions of the heat input portion and the heat radiating portion of the heat pipe F, configured to perform the heat input and heat dissipation effect by increasing the area of contact with the outside air effectively I have.

Since this embodiment has the above configuration,
The container W containing the organic matter is transported by the transport unit A along the transport path from the operation preparation unit B to the cooling standby unit D via the pyrolysis furnace C. First, in the operation preparation unit B, the container W Organic matter contained in industrial waste and garbage in the building is heat-resistant, heat-insulated, closed and sealed, and pre-heated at room temperature of around 150 ° C in a room in an oxygen-free and closed atmosphere by nitrogen replacement to remove moisture contained in organic matter. Then, in the pyrolysis furnace C, the organic matter in the container W is heat-resistant, heat-insulated, has a closed hermetic structure, and has a low-temperature condition of about 450 ° C. in a furnace in an oxygen-free closed hermetic atmosphere by nitrogen replacement. The organic matter in the container W is thermally decomposed to produce a carbon material, which can be recycled as a carbon material. The industrial waste and garbage contain organic hydrochloric acid compounds. Even if it is, the raw gas such as chlorine gas is only decomposed due to the lack of oxygen, and no dioxin is generated. Then, in the cooling standby part D, the carbon material of the container W is heat-resistant, heat-insulated, and has a closed and sealed structure. Indoors
Cooled by cold water or nitrogen gas, cooled to a temperature below which organic matter does not ignite, and waits for removal.
The organic matter is carried out at any time, and the cracked gas generated in the thermal cracking furnace C is processed by the cracked gas processing unit E, and is separated and extracted into various gases having a specific gravity or the like.

At this time, a heat pipe F is provided in the pyrolysis furnace C for transferring the heat in the pyrolysis furnace C from a high-temperature portion to a low-temperature portion to make the temperature distribution in the pyrolysis furnace C uniform. As a result, the heat of the high-temperature portion in the pyrolysis furnace C can be transferred to the low-temperature portion, and the inside of the pyrolysis furnace C can be almost uniformly heated to achieve a uniform temperature distribution in the furnace. Therefore, the thermal decomposition of the organic substance in the container W can be efficiently performed, the heat can be effectively used, and the carbonization by the thermal decomposition of the organic substance can be promoted, and the workability can be improved. Compared to a structure in which a fan for transferring heat from a high temperature portion in a furnace to a low temperature portion is provided, the gas in the furnace is not agitated and mixed, and the heat pipe F has a heat conductivity 500 to 1000 times that of copper. So that the soaking in the furnace It can be done result manner and, since there is no mechanically moving parts, can be durably used, maintenance conservation is facilitated, the thermal decomposition of the organic matter can be carried out more satisfactorily.

In this case, since the heat pipe F is disposed vertically in the pyrolysis furnace C, the high-temperature heat staying in the upper portion of the pyrolysis furnace C is transferred to the lower-temperature lower portion. The upper and lower portions of the pyrolysis furnace C can be soaked, and the entire inside of the furnace can be heated substantially uniformly in the vertical direction.

Further, in this case, since a cracking gas processing section E is provided to be connected to the inside of the cracking furnace C, the cracking gas generated in the cracking furnace C is separated into various gases having a specific gravity or the like. The decomposition gas can be reused.

Further, since the pyrolysis furnace C has a vertical structure in which the inside of the furnace capable of vertically transporting the container W extends vertically, the installation area of the apparatus can be reduced, and the installation flexibility is improved. And the heat in the furnace moves from the upper part to the lower part or from the lower part to the upper part, so that the heat can be distributed over a wide area and the thermal efficiency can be increased, and the entire furnace is generated in the pyrolysis furnace C The decomposed gas has a specific gravity separating action, and the decomposed gas can be easily separated and extracted into various gases having a specific gravity or the like.

The transport section A in the pyrolysis furnace C has a tray elevator type structure capable of suspending and transporting the container in the vertical direction, so that a sufficient time required for the pyrolysis can be obtained. As a result, thermal decomposition can be performed continuously, and a large amount of processing can be performed efficiently.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but includes a transport section A, an operation preparation section B, a thermal cracking furnace C, a cooling standby section D, a cracked gas liquefaction section E, and an exhaust gas processing section F. The structure, material, and the like are appropriately changed and designed.

The setting of the time for passing through the transport route is determined according to the type of organic matter such as industrial waste and garbage and the method of reuse, and a plurality of transport mechanisms are provided in the pyrolysis furnace C. It is also possible to arrange and transport a plurality of rows of containers up and down.

[0027]

According to the present invention, as described above, according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, the container containing the organic matter is transported from the operation preparation section to the cooling standby section through the inside of the pyrolysis furnace by the transport section. It is transported along the transport route. First, in the operation preparation section, the organic matter contained in industrial waste and garbage in the container is heat-resistant, heat-insulated, closed and sealed with oxygen-free closed atmosphere by nitrogen replacement. Preheated in the room to remove the water contained in the organic matter, and then in the pyrolysis furnace, the organic matter in the container is heat-resistant, heat-insulated, closed and sealed with an oxygen-free closed atmosphere by nitrogen replacement. Indirect heating is performed in a furnace at low temperature conditions, whereby the organic matter in the container is thermally decomposed to produce a carbon material, which can be recycled as a carbon material. Tena's carbon material is cooled by cold water or nitrogen gas in a room with heat resistance, heat insulation, closed hermetic structure, cooled to a temperature below which organic matter does not ignite and waits for removal, and then the organic matter is carried out from the cooling standby part at any time, The cracked gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace is processed by the cracked gas processing unit, and is separated and extracted into various gases such as specific gravity and light. A heat pipe is provided to transfer heat from the high-temperature part to the low-temperature part to make the temperature distribution in the pyrolysis furnace uniform, so the heat in the high-temperature part in the pyrolysis furnace can be transferred to the low-temperature part. Due to the self-control of the heat pipe, the inside of the pyrolysis furnace can be heated almost uniformly over the whole and the temperature distribution in the furnace can be made uniform, and the thermal decomposition of organic substances in the container can be efficiently performed accordingly. Bets can be, can promote carbonization by heat decomposition of organic matter it is possible to effectively utilize the heat, it is possible to enhance the workability.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the heat pipe is disposed vertically in the pyrolysis furnace, the high-temperature heat staying in the upper portion of the pyrolysis furnace can be reduced by the low-temperature lower portion. The heat is transferred to the furnace, so that the upper and lower parts of the pyrolysis furnace can be soaked, and the entire inside of the furnace can be heated almost uniformly up and down. Since it has a cracked gas processing unit connected to the pyrolysis furnace, it is possible to separate out the cracked gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace into various gases such as light and specific gravity, and to take out.
In the invention according to the fifth aspect, the pyrolysis furnace has a vertical structure in which a furnace capable of vertically transporting the container extends vertically. Therefore, the installation area of the equipment can be reduced, the flexibility of installation can be increased, and the heat in the furnace moves from the lower part to the upper part or from the upper part to the lower part. In addition, the entire furnace can perform a specific gravity separating action of the cracked gas generated in the thermal cracking furnace, and the cracked gas can be easily separated into various gases having a specific gravity, such as light weight, and can be taken out. According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the transport section in the pyrolysis furnace is configured as a tray elevator type structure capable of suspending and transporting the container in the vertical direction. Time can be obtained by thermal decomposition Can be carried out continuously, it is possible to perform a large amount pyrolysis process efficiently.

The intended purpose can be sufficiently achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall explanatory front sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory side sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory plan sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged side sectional view illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a configuration system diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 W Container A Transport section B Operation preparation section C Thermal decomposition furnace D Cooling standby section E Cracking gas processing section F Heat pipe

Claims (6)

[Claims] When a carbon material is produced by thermally decomposing an organic substance by a low-temperature indirect heating in a pyrolysis furnace in an oxygen-free closed atmosphere prepared by replacing nitrogen with nitrogen, the heat in the pyrolysis furnace is transferred by a heat pipe. A method for producing a carbon material, wherein heat is transferred from a high-temperature portion to a low-temperature portion to make the temperature distribution in the pyrolysis furnace uniform. 2. A transport section capable of transporting a container containing an organic substance, and a pyrolysis furnace for thermally decomposing the organic substance transported in the container by indirect heating at a low temperature in an oxygen-free closed atmosphere prepared by purging with nitrogen. The heat decomposition furnace is provided with a heat pipe for transferring heat in the pyrolysis furnace from a high temperature portion to a low temperature portion to make the temperature distribution in the pyrolysis furnace uniform. Carbon material production equipment. 3. The carbon material producing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said heat pipe is disposed vertically in a pyrolysis furnace. 4. The carbon material producing apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a cracked gas processing unit connected to the pyrolysis furnace. 5. The carbon material production apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the pyrolysis furnace has a vertical structure in which the inside of the furnace capable of vertically transporting the container extends vertically. . 6. The carbon material producing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the transport section is configured in a tray elevator type structure capable of suspending and transporting the container in a vertical direction.