CN100358974C - Biomass moving bed gasification furnace using heat pipe supplying heat - Google Patents

Biomass moving bed gasification furnace using heat pipe supplying heat Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100358974C
CN100358974C CNB2005100415918A CN200510041591A CN100358974C CN 100358974 C CN100358974 C CN 100358974C CN B2005100415918 A CNB2005100415918 A CN B2005100415918A CN 200510041591 A CN200510041591 A CN 200510041591A CN 100358974 C CN100358974 C CN 100358974C
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heat pipe
heat
section
reaction chamber
temperature heat
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB2005100415918A
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CN1730610A (en
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张红
陶汉中
庄骏
陈兴元
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Nanjing Tech University
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Nanjing Tech University
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Abstract

The present invention relates to a moving bed biomass gasifying furnace using heat pipes to supply heat. The moving bed biomass gasifying furnace adopts a structure which comprises a reaction chamber, a combustion chamber, a flue, an air preheating chamber, etc., and one section of a high-temperature heat pipe is arranged in the flue to form a heat absorbing section, and the other section is arranged in the reaction chamber to form a heat releasing section; one section of a medium-temperature heat pipe is arranged in the air preheating chamber to form a heat releasing section, and the other section is arranged in the reaction chamber to form a heat absorbing section. Heat required by gasification reactions is introduced by the high-temperature heat pipe from the combustion chamber, and combustible gas scarcely containing N2 is generated by using the medium-temperature heat pipe to preheat the air in the combustion chamber through the residual heat in the reaction chamber. The present invention has the advantages of high heat value, simple structure and low cost, overcomes the defects that a large quantity of N2 is left after oxygen in the air is combusted by using air as the gasification agents to produce gasifying combustion reactions, the produced combustible gas has low heat value and low thermal efficiency, the device structure is complicated and has high cost and high use cost duo to the adoption of pure oxygen, hydrogen gas, etc. as the gasification agents in order to increase the heat value of the combustible gas, etc.

Description

Utilize the biomass moving bed gasification furnace of heat pipe supplying heat
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vapourizing furnace, particularly a kind of biomass moving bed gasification furnace that utilizes heat pipe supplying heat.
Background technology
Before the present invention, present biomass gasifying furnace adopts air to suck air as vaporized chemical from lower furnace (updraft type) or from stove top (downdraft) mostly, produce the gasification, and combustion reaction with the biomass in the stove, liberated heat is for gasifying biomass (reduction reaction) heat absorption.The airborne oxygen burning remaining a large amount of N in back 2, the calorific value of the combustible gas that makes it to generate is not high, is generally 5MJ/Nm 3About, thermo-efficiency is low.For the also available pure oxygen of the calorific value that improves combustible gas, hydrogen, water vapour etc. as vaporized chemical, but all brought many problems, as the device structure complexity, cost improves, the also high defective of use cost.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just is to overcome above-mentioned defective, and a kind of simple in structure, biomass gasifying furnace that thermo-efficiency is high is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Utilize the biomass moving bed gasification furnace of heat pipe supplying heat, comprise reaction chamber, combustion chamber, flue, air preheating chamber, particle lift, flue is communicated with the combustion chamber, it is characterized in that one section of high-temperature heat pipe is in flue, be endotherm section, another section is in reaction chamber, be heat release section, one section of moderate temperature heat pipe is indoor in preheating of air, is heat release section, and another section is in reaction chamber, be endotherm section, the heat release section of high-temperature heat pipe is positioned at the middle and upper part of reaction chamber, and the endotherm section of moderate temperature heat pipe is positioned at the bottom of reaction chamber, is lower than the high-temperature heat pipe heat release section.
The present invention has following advantage compared to existing technology:
The present invention is a kind of indirect heating vapourizing furnace.The biomass required heat that gasifies in reaction chamber is supplied with by high-temperature heat pipe, accepts the high-temperature flue gas heat of coming from the combustion chamber in the flue of the endotherm section of high-temperature heat pipe outside vapourizing furnace, and the high-temperature heat pipe heat release section is emitted heat in vapourizing furnace.Principle of work of the present invention belongs to the destructive gasifying of no vaporized chemical, and the calorific value of combustible gas can reach 15MJ/Nm 3, be three times of air gasification stove.
Characteristics of the present invention are to have used the high-temperature heat pipe technology, and biomass do not need vaporized chemical, belong to the gasifying biomass of no vaporized chemical, can obtain low heat value＞15MJ/Nm 3Combustible gas, be lower than 600 ℃ if the reaction chamber temperature of reaction is controlled at, the present invention obtains the major product bio-oil with regard to can be used as the fast pyrogenation stove and using.
Combustionmaterial of the present invention is from the part combustible gas of vapourizing furnace itself, thereby needs outside the heat supply except that the short-term that goes into operation, and do not need outer confession fuel.The present invention has considered the insulation of equipment and waste heat recovery thereby very high thermo-efficiency has been arranged.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1---structural principle synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2---another structural representation of storing pipe among the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
As shown in Figure 1, vapourizing furnace of the present invention is made up of four major parts:
The gasification reaction district:
Gasification reactor chamber 3 is arranged in the gasification reaction district, the heat release section 2 of high-temperature heat pipe ', carrier sand grains 5 and biological particles 4;
The heat supply district:
The heat supply district comprises combustion chamber 1, air preheating chamber 21, and the moderate temperature heat pipe heat release section 13 in the air preheating chamber 21 ', high-temperature flue gas flue 20, the high-temperature heat pipe endotherm section 2 (high-temperature heat pipe) in the high-temperature flue gas flue 20;
The carbon removal district:
The carbon removal district comprises sealing star separator 14, and vibratory screening apparatus 15 is deposited charcoal bucket 16, goes out carbon granule star divider 17, the cyclonic separator 8 at reaction chamber 3 tops;
The feeding district:
The feeding district comprises sand grains lift 10, screw feeder 12, storing pipe 11, supply pipe 9.
Vapourizing furnace of the present invention belongs to the heat pipe-type biomass moving bed gasification furnace, it comprises reaction chamber 3, combustion chamber 1, flue 20, air preheating chamber 21, high-temperature heat pipe 2, moderate temperature heat pipe 13 and particle lift 10, reaction chamber 3 tops are provided with supply pipe 9, supply the following outlet of the upper outlet 7 and the eliminating resistates of combustible gas discharge, upper outlet 7 tops are provided with cyclonic separator 8, cyclonic separator 8 bottoms are communicated with supply pipe 9, and supply pipe 9 links to each other with particle lift 10 and feeding screw 12; Screw feeder 12 is located at sand grains lift 10 bottoms.
Reaction chamber 3 links to each other with flue 20 and air preheating chamber 21 locular walls, some high-temperature heat pipes 2 are connected with the locular wall of flue 20 by reaction chamber 3, the position is separately positioned in reaction chamber 3 and the flue 20, high-temperature heat pipe heat release section 2 ' the be positioned at middle and upper part of reaction chamber 3, high-temperature heat pipe endotherm section 2 is in flue 20,3 are oblique upwards setting, heat pipe gravity reflux from flue 20 to reaction chamber; Some moderate temperature heat pipes 13 are connected with the locular wall of air preheating chamber 21 by reaction chamber 3, the position is separately positioned in reaction chamber 3 and the air preheating chamber 21, the endotherm section of moderate temperature heat pipe 13 is positioned at the bottom of reaction chamber 3, be lower than high-temperature heat pipe heat release section 2 ', moderate temperature heat pipe heat release section 13 ' be arranged in the air preheating chamber 21,3 are oblique downward placement from air preheating chamber 21 to reaction chamber; The air outlet of air preheating chamber 21 is communicated with the inlet mouth of combustion chamber 1, and the air outlet of combustion chamber 1 is communicated with the inlet mouth of flue 20 bottoms, and flue 20 tops are provided with the flue gas smoke outlet.
3 times outlets of reaction chamber position is provided with star divider 14, the outlet of star separator 14 is provided with the vibratory screening apparatus 15 of carrier of separating sand grains 5 and gasification resistates, the bottom of vibratory screening apparatus 15 is provided with the star sealer 17 that seals, and the exit end of vibratory screening apparatus 15 connects the bottom of particle lift 10.
As shown in Figure 2, the feed handling machinery of vapourizing furnace of the present invention can also be located at the lift top.
Theory structure of the present invention is as follows:
With high-temperature heat pipe 2 is that the biomass moving bed gasification furnace of heating element is used for biomass (stalk, cornstalk, wheat straw, bark, wood chip, shell etc.) and generates calorific value (＞15MJ/Nm 3) device of inflammable gas, as heat transfer element, the heat of the high-temperature flue gas in the chamber of auto-combustion in the future 1 is sent in the reaction chamber 3 through flue 20, supplies with biomass gasification reaction with high-temperature heat pipe 2, because biomass are generating gasification reaction, therefore N in the combustible gas composition under indirect heating condition 2Content few (＜2%), its low heat value can reach＞15MJ/Nm 3More than;
The structure of forming by combustion chamber 1 and flue 2 and reaction chamber 3, make the biological particles 4 in the reaction chamber 3 follow the heat release section 2 ' that carrier sand grains 5 flows through high-temperature heat pipe 2 from top to bottom to accept the reaction of high-temperature heat pipe liberated heat generating gasification, gas is left away by top, the biomass carbon granule enters bottom star divider 14 with carrier sand grains 5, star divider 14 plays sealing function, prevents that outside air from entering in the reaction chamber 3.
Reaction chamber 3 upper outlets are provided with cyclonic separator 8 and the carbon granule that contains in the combustible gas is separated by cyclonic separator 8 bottoms are entered supply pipe 9, return vaporizer 3 with charging (raw material) and sand grains.
Reaction chamber 3 bottoms are provided with for sand grains and gasification resistates refrigerative moderate temperature heat pipe 13, and moderate temperature heat pipe 13 is cooled to enter below 100 ℃ star separator 14 with sand grains in the vapourizing furnace and resistates; Moderate temperature heat pipe 13 is delivered to combustion chamber 1 with heat, by moderate temperature heat pipe heat release section 13 ' the emit heat preheating is entered air preheating chamber 21 by (air intlet 18) air;
Outlet at star separator 14 is provided with vibratory screening apparatus 15, and carrier sand grains 5 is separated with the gasification resistates, and carrier granule 5 is promoted to the top by particle lift 10 and enters supply pipe 9, constantly recycles.
The storing pipe 11 that has adopted screw feeder 12 and had a certain altitude has constituted continuous charging and gas seal assembly, storing pipe 11 can prevent that outside air from entering system, this reinforced assembly can be arranged on particle lift 10 bottoms as shown in Figure 1, also can be located at particle lift 10 tops and link to each other with supply pipe 9, shown in Figure 2 as the part.Biomass storing pipe 11, the carbon granule under biomass in the screw input feeder 12, the carrier sand grains 5 that particle lift 10 is sent here and storing pipe 11 and cyclonic separator 8 separate is sent into reaction chamber 3 in the lump.
Side at reaction chamber 3 is provided with combustion chamber 1, in combustion chamber 1 from the combustion air (coming in) of bottom air preheating chamber 21 from air intlet 18 air preheater 21 through moderate temperature heat pipe heat release section 13 ' be heated, with part combustible gas 19 mixed firings from reaction chamber 3 outlets, combustion product gases is absorbed by high-temperature heat pipe 2 through flue 20 liberated heats sends into reaction chamber 3, supply with gasifying biomass, gas fume after burning 6 is left away from the top can enter other waste heat recovery apparatus.
Both can make vapourizing furnace and also can do the pyrolysis oven use:
The temperature of reaction of reaction chamber 3 can be by high-temperature heat pipe 2 regulation and control, when the temperature of reaction of reaction chamber is controlled at 600 ℃ of left and right sides, can obtain 60%～70% liquid product (bio-oil), 25%～13% gas (combustible gas) and 15%～17% solid (charcoal), product is mainly bio-oil; When temperature of reaction was controlled at 750 ℃～800 ℃, gas yield＞70%, primary product were combustible gas;
Adopted the heat transfer element of high-temperature heat pipe 2 (working medium is liquid metal: sodium, potassium or Na-K alloy), and adopted the heating unit of moderate temperature heat pipe 13 (water or organic working medium are liquid) simultaneously as warm-up combustion-supporting air 22 as reaction zone.
The process of preparation biomass combustible gas of the present invention is as follows:
Biomass are stalk, cornstalk, wheat straw, bark, wood chip and shell.
Biomass material (is that biological particles 4 enters biomass storing pipe 11 generally＜2mm) through being ground into saccharoid, carrier sand grains 5 after being pushed the bottom of particle lift 10 by screw feeder 12 and separating from vibratory screening apparatus 15 mixes, and is carried by particle lift 10 entering supply pipe 9 to top and falling in the reaction chamber 3.Screw feeder 12 also can be located at particle lift 10 tops, mode charging as shown in Figure 2.Biological particles 4 from top to bottom moves in reaction chamber 3 with carrier sand grains 5, constantly accept from high-temperature heat pipe heat release section 2 ' institute liberated heat, produce gasification reaction, the combustible gas 7 that the reaction back produces is left away after cyclonic separator 8 is isolated carbon granule by the top of reaction chamber 3.Cyclonic separator 8 isolated carbon granule enter supply pipe 9 and together enter reaction chamber 3 internal reactions with fresh biological particles 4 and carrier sand grains 5, carrier sand grains 5 in the reaction chamber 3 follows biological particles 4 by behind the reaction zone of high-temperature heat pipe heat release pipe 2 ' heat supply, remaining reactant and carrier sand grains 5 are by the moderate temperature heat pipe endotherm section 13 of reaction chamber 3 bottoms, heat by moderate temperature heat pipe endotherm section 13 reach moderate temperature heat pipe cooling section 13 in the air preheating chamber 21 ', liberated heat preheated burning air.Cooled carrier sand grains 5 and gasification resistates enter sealing star hopper 14, constantly enter vibratory screening apparatus 15, and the particle lift 10 that the carrier sand grains 5 after vibratory screening apparatus 15 separates enters bucket type is promoted to the top in the lump with biological particles 4 and enters supply pipe 9.Carbon granule after the separation falls into charcoal material ash bucket 16, discharge by bottom star sealer 17, the part of the combustible gas 7 of reaction chamber 3 top exits act as a fuel gas 19 with from after the entering air after air preheater 21 preheatings and mix by a certain percentage of combustion air inlet 18, enter combustion chamber 1 burning, high-temperature flue gas after the burning enters flue 20, the endotherm section 2 of high-temperature heat pipe in the heating flue, heat reaches the reaction of the biomass in heat release section 2 ' supply response chamber in the reaction chamber by high-temperature heat pipe.Left away by the top behind the cooling high-temperature fume, the heat in the flue gas can pass through the miscellaneous equipment recovery waste heat.

Claims (5)

1. utilize the biomass moving bed gasification furnace of heat pipe supplying heat, comprise reaction chamber, combustion chamber, flue, air preheating chamber, flue is communicated with the combustion chamber, it is characterized in that one section of high-temperature heat pipe is in flue, be endotherm section, another section is in reaction chamber, be heat release section, one section of moderate temperature heat pipe is indoor in preheating of air, is heat release section, and another section is in reaction chamber, be endotherm section, the heat release section of high-temperature heat pipe is positioned at the middle and upper part of reaction chamber, and the endotherm section of moderate temperature heat pipe is positioned at the bottom of reaction chamber, is lower than the high-temperature heat pipe heat release section.
2. the biomass moving bed gasification furnace that utilizes heat pipe supplying heat according to claim 1 is characterized in that high-temperature heat pipe is obliquely upwards to place from the combustion chamber to reaction chamber.
3. the biomass moving bed gasification furnace that utilizes heat pipe supplying heat according to claim 2 is characterized in that moderate temperature heat pipe is oblique downward placement from air preheating chamber to reaction chamber.
4. the biomass moving bed gasification furnace that utilizes heat pipe supplying heat according to claim 1, the working medium that it is characterized in that high-temperature heat pipe is liquid metal: sodium, potassium or Na-K alloy.
5. the biomass moving bed gasification furnace that utilizes heat pipe supplying heat according to claim 2, the working medium that it is characterized in that moderate temperature heat pipe is water or organic liquid.
CNB2005100415918A 2005-08-24 2005-08-24 Biomass moving bed gasification furnace using heat pipe supplying heat Expired - Fee Related CN100358974C (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9725663B2 (en) 2013-01-22 2017-08-08 Themochem Recovery International, Inc. Integrated two-stage thermochemical heat pipe reactor having a partitioned vessel

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101712878B (en) * 2009-11-23 2013-04-24 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 Moving-bed retorting furnace heated comprehensively by radiant tube and circulating airflow
CN103627414B (en) * 2013-12-12 2015-08-19 安徽今朝环保科技有限公司 Based on the waste salt comprehensive treatment device of high-temperature heat pipe
CN114259962B (en) * 2021-11-15 2023-08-01 山东绿满神州环境科技有限公司 Carbon dioxide conversion device and method under microwave action

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4160720A (en) * 1977-12-15 1979-07-10 University Of Utah Process and apparatus to produce synthetic crude oil from tar sands
GB1599398A (en) * 1978-04-27 1981-09-30 Humphreys & Glasgow Ltd Fluidised beds and their operation
JP2000212568A (en) * 1999-01-28 2000-08-02 Sanada Tire Hanbai Kk Production of carbon raw material and apparatus therefor
CN1354778A (en) * 1999-06-09 2002-06-19 慕尼黑工业大学热动力设备教研室 Device for gasification of carbonaceous feedstock

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4160720A (en) * 1977-12-15 1979-07-10 University Of Utah Process and apparatus to produce synthetic crude oil from tar sands
GB1599398A (en) * 1978-04-27 1981-09-30 Humphreys & Glasgow Ltd Fluidised beds and their operation
JP2000212568A (en) * 1999-01-28 2000-08-02 Sanada Tire Hanbai Kk Production of carbon raw material and apparatus therefor
CN1354778A (en) * 1999-06-09 2002-06-19 慕尼黑工业大学热动力设备教研室 Device for gasification of carbonaceous feedstock

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9725663B2 (en) 2013-01-22 2017-08-08 Themochem Recovery International, Inc. Integrated two-stage thermochemical heat pipe reactor having a partitioned vessel

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