JP2003082770A - Unit construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To rationally connect concrete units. SOLUTION: This unit construction method for preliminarily producing a rectangular hollow box-shaped concrete unit 1, and connecting a number of such units are connected vertically or laterally or in both the directions, thereby constructing a building. Joint means for mutually connecting the units are preliminarily provided on the outer surfaces of both the units to be connected, and the outer surfaces of the units are mutually closely fitted, whereby the units are mutually connected and integrated by the joint means. As the joint means, a shear cotter 6 is adapted, and the units are mutually clamped through a hardenable filler such as mortar 5, whereby the units are mutually joined and integrated in the state where an in-plane directional shearing yield strength is imparted thereto. Otherwise, connecting members such as reinforcements or fixing members are mutually joined by a lap joint, or reinforcements are joined through a splice sleeve, whereby the units are integrally connected.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building construction method, and more particularly to a unit construction method for constructing a building by connecting a number of rectangular hollow box-shaped units which are manufactured in advance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art This type of unit construction method is for constructing a building by assembling a unit manufactured in advance to a predetermined standard on site and shortening the construction period compared to the conventional construction method.
Since it is possible to reduce the construction cost, it is more widely used than before when building small-scale and simple structures such as detached houses. And recently, there is a tendency to apply such a unit construction method to a relatively large-scale concrete building, in which a rectangular hollow box-shaped unit made of concrete is manufactured in advance, and these units are vertically or horizontally oriented. It is being considered to build a building such as an apartment house by connecting a large number of buildings.

[0003]

By the way, when the above-mentioned unit construction method is applied to a concrete building, the concrete units are connected in close contact with each other. However, such work is not always easy. In particular, in this type of unit construction method, the higher the degree of perfection of the unit to be manufactured in advance, the more the work on site is reduced, which is more advantageous. Although it is considered that the internal finishing of the unit will also be performed, it is difficult to connect the units from inside the unit in that case, so this type of unit construction method is applied to concrete buildings. In order to do so, it is essential to develop an effective method that can reliably and easily connect the units with each other only from the outside.

[0004]

In view of the above circumstances, the invention according to claim 1 preliminarily manufactures a concrete rectangular hollow box-shaped unit and connects a plurality of these units vertically or horizontally or both of them. In the unit construction method of constructing a building by doing so, the joining means for connecting the units is provided in advance on the outer surfaces of the units, and the outer surfaces of the units are brought into close contact with each other to connect the units by the joining means. It is characterized by integrating them.

A second aspect of the present invention is the unit construction method of the first aspect of the invention, wherein shear cotters as joining means are formed in advance on the outer surfaces of both units to be connected, and the units are hardened. It is characterized in that the units are connected and integrated with each other in a state of having shear strength in the in-plane direction through the shear cotter and the curable filling material by pressure bonding through the filling material.

A third aspect of the present invention is the unit construction method according to any one of the first and second aspects of the present invention, in which connecting members as joining means are provided in advance in the recesses on the outer surfaces of both units to be connected. Then, the connecting members are superposed in the recess, and the connecting members are joined together through the curable filler filling the recess, whereby the units are connected and integrated.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is the unit construction method according to any one of the first to third aspects of the invention, in which a concave portion as a joining means is disposed on the outer surface of one of the units to be connected, and the concave portion is disposed inside the concave portion. A fixing member is provided, and the fixing member disposed in the concave portion is projected in the other unit, and both fixing members are wrapped in the concave portion so that the fixing member is filled in the concave portion. It is characterized in that the units are connected to each other and integrated by being joined through a conductive filler.

A fifth aspect of the present invention is the unit construction method according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein a splice sleeve as a joining means is embedded in the outer surface of one unit to be connected, The end of the reinforcing bar to be inserted into the splice sleeve is made to project to the other unit, and the end of the reinforcing bar is inserted into the splice sleeve to join them, thereby connecting and integrating the units. Characterize.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a situation in which a building is constructed by vertically stacking and connecting units 1 each having a rectangular hollow box shape made of concrete, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part thereof. The unit 1 in the present embodiment is composed of a floor slab 2, a ceiling slab 3, and a wall slab 4, each of which is a concrete slab, and the equipment and the like have already been installed in the interior of the unit 1 and have been finished. Is.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the units 1 are sequentially stacked in the vertical direction and connected. However, the units 1 are connected to each other as shown in FIG. The ceiling slab 3 and the floor slab 2 of the upper unit 1 are pressure-bonded via the mortar 5, whereby the ceiling slab 3 and the floor slab 2 are integrally joined, and the ceiling slab 3 and the floor slab 2 are joined together. A shear cotter 6 as a joining means is formed on each of the important points on the outer surface of the above, so that the joining surface has shear strength in the in-plane direction.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, concave portions 7 are formed at equal intervals on the outer peripheral portion of the ceiling slab 3 and the outer peripheral portion of the floor slab 2 of the unit 1, respectively.
A relative convex portion 8 is formed between the two, and the shear cotter 6 is formed by the concave portion 7 and the convex portion 8. In the case of the illustrated example, the projections 8 of the floor slab 2 are opposed to the recesses 7 of the ceiling slab 3 and the recesses 7 of the floor slab 2 are opposed to the projections 8 of the ceiling slab 3 so that the shear cotters 6 of both shear cotters 6 are opposed to each other. The position and form are set. The shear cotter 6 may be in a dot shape, a linear shape, or a grid shape as long as it can effectively exert the proof stress in the direction in which the shear force acts. The shear cotter 6 has a ceiling slab 3 and a floor slab 2.
Although it may be provided over the entire surface, it is usually sufficient to provide it on the outer peripheral portion where the shear stress is particularly high as in the illustrated example.

As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the mortar 5 is laid on the entire surface of the ceiling slab 3 of the lower unit 1 with a predetermined thickness, and the upper portion of the upper unit is directly connected to the upper unit as shown in FIG. 2 (a). Just hang the unit 1. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2B, the mortar 5 naturally enters the concave portion 7 due to the weight of the upper unit 1, and the mortar 5 is cured in that state, so that the ceiling slab 3 and the floor slab 2 remove the mortar 5. The upper and lower units 1 are automatically connected to each other in a pressure-bonded state by themselves, and the upper and lower shear cotters 6 and the mortar 5 interposed therebetween shear the joint surface in the in-plane direction (horizontal direction). It is possible to secure sufficient yield strength.

As described above, according to the unit construction method of the present embodiment, the units 1 can be reliably and firmly connected to each other by an extremely simple and simple work, and the work can be performed only from the outside of the unit 1. Since it is possible to perform the work inside the unit 1 at all, it is possible to sufficiently improve the degree of completion of the unit 1 and to perform this kind of unit construction method for a large-scale concrete building. Can be effectively applied.

Moreover, in the above case, since the ceiling slab 3 and the floor slab 2 are structurally integrated through the shear cotter 6 and the mortar 5, they can be regarded as one slab, and therefore, each ceiling slab. 3 and the floor slab 2 can be made thin, and as a result, the weight of the unit 1 can be reduced. That is, in the past, although the ceiling slab 3 and the floor slab 2 may simply be overlapped in a close contact state, it is not supposed to positively integrate them, and therefore the ceiling slab 3 and the floor slab 2 are not integrated. Since they have structurally independent behaviors, it is necessary to independently set their required thicknesses independently. However, as in the present embodiment, the ceiling slab 3 and the floor slab 2 are superposed on each other. If they are joined together, they behave as a unit and their rigidity increases, so
It is possible to reduce the thickness of each.

Specifically, Young's modulus E, width b, plate thickness h
The rigidity of the plate member is represented by ^{E · I = E · bh 2} /6, since the rigidity of the case where it was superimposed two represented by ^{2E · I = E · bh 2} /3, of one and the rigid plate of the plate thickness h _1, two sheets when the rigidity is equal when superimposed plate of the relationship ^{_{E · bh 1 2/6 =}} E · bh 2 2/3 of the plate thickness h ₂ From this, h ₁ ² = 2h ₂ ² Therefore, the relationship of h ₁ ≈1.41h ₂ (h ₂ ≈0.71h ₁ ) is established.

Explaining with specific numerical examples, h ₂
= 100 mm, the rigidity obtained when two slabs are overlapped (total thickness is 2 h ₂ = 200 mm) is h ₁ = 14
Since the rigidity is equivalent to that of one slab of 1 mm, when the ceiling slab 3 and the floor slab 2 in the conventional unit 1 each have a thickness of 100 mm, when they are integrated, It suffices if the thickness is 141 mm (the thickness of the ceiling slab 3 and the floor slab 2 are each 70.5 mm), and in this case, the thickness can be reduced by 59 mm as a whole. It is extremely rational because it can reduce the weight, reduce the cost, and improve the workability. In addition, when two slabs can be completely integrated, it is possible to set h ₂ = 0.5h ₁ . That is, the final required slab thickness h ₁
Is 100 mm, for example, the plate thickness h ₂ of each unit is set to 50 mm and completely integrated to make the thickness after integration 100 mm.
The rigidity can be the same as that of one slab having a thickness of 00 mm.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described above.
The above embodiment is merely an example, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various applications and design changes are possible. For example, the shear cotter 6 is shown in FIG.
The one shown in FIG. 5 can also be suitably adopted. The shear cotter 6 shown in FIG. 3 has a protrusion 8 on the ceiling slab 3 of the lower unit 1.
By forming relative recesses 7 between the protrusions 8 (that is, the thickness of the ceiling slab 3 is thicker than that shown in FIG. 2 except for the shear cotter 6). The projection 8 and the recess 7 of the ceiling slab 3 and the floor slab 2 are opposed to each other, respectively, as shown in FIG.
The shear cotter 6 shown in FIG. 6 has a trapezoidal recess 7 formed in both the ceiling slab 3 and the floor slab 2, and FIG. 5 also has a semicircular recess 7 formed therein. Is obtained. Of course, not only the shape of the shear cotter 6 but also its position and range may be properly set in accordance with the assumed shear stress.

Further, in the above embodiment, the mortar 5 is used as the curable filler for interposing the units 1 and press-bonding them, but the units 1 can be filled without a gap and are cured by themselves. Not only the mortar 5 but also various kinds of adhesives, resins and the like can be used as the curable filler as long as they can be joined together and have sufficient shear strength.

Further, although the case where the units 1 are connected in a vertically stacked state has been described above, when the units 1 are connected in the horizontal direction, the wall slabs 4 forming the units 1 are connected to each other. Needless to say, it is sufficient to connect and integrate in the same manner. Also, unit 1
If there is a member corresponding to a pillar or a beam and it is necessary to connect these members to each other, those members may be similarly connected and integrated.

While one embodiment of the present invention and its modification have been described above, other embodiments will be listed below.

FIG. 6 shows a structure in which a reinforcing bar 11 as a connecting member is joined in the recess 10 as a joining means for joining the units 1 in the left-right direction when the units 1 are joined in the up-down direction and the left-right direction. This is an example of the case of adopting one. That is, as shown in FIG. 6B, the joining means in the present embodiment is used for both units 1
Recesses 10 are formed on the outer surface of the outer peripheral edge of the ceiling slab 3, and each tip 10 is protruded toward the other unit 1 side so that its tip is located in the recess 10 of the other unit 1. The reinforcing bars 11 are provided, and the reinforcing bars 11 are superposed in the recess 10 and are joined in the form of a lap joint via the mortar 5 filling the recess 10 to connect the two units 1. It was designed to be integrated.

FIG. 7 shows the outside of one unit 1 (the lower side in the illustrated example) as a joining means for connecting the units 1 in the vertical direction when the units 1 are connected in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. The concave portion 10 is provided on the surface and the fixing member 12 is provided in the concave portion 10, and the similar fixing member 12 arranged in the concave portion 10 is made to project to the other (the same, upper side) unit 1. By vertically wrapping both fixing members 12 in the recess 10 and joining them in the form of a lap joint via the mortar 5 filled in the recess 10, the units 1 are connected and integrated. It is the one. In this case, as the fixing member 12, a fixing head having a fixing head integrally formed on the tip end portion of the reinforcing bar can be preferably used.

In FIG. 8, a splice sleeve 13 as a joining means is buried in the outer surface of one (upper) unit 1, and the other end (lower) unit 1 has a rebar inserted in the splice sleeve 13. By projecting the end portions of 14 and inserting the end portions of the reinforcing bars 14 into the splice sleeve 13 to join them, the reinforcing bars 14 are joined together via the splice sleeve 13
It is designed to connect and integrate them.
In order to join the reinforcing bar 14 to the splice sleeve 13, a hardening filler such as mortar is filled in the splice sleeve 13 prior to inserting the reinforcing bar 14, or the reinforcing bar 14 is inserted into the splice sleeve 13. It is preferable that they are mechanically engaged with each other.

In each of the above-described embodiments, as in the previous embodiments, the units 1 can be reliably and firmly connected to each other only by an operation from the outside of the unit 1, and the respective units of the unit 1 are in close contact with each other. Since they are integrated with each other, the thickness of each part can be made 50 to 70% thinner than the conventional one, and the weight of the unit 1 can be reduced.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 6 has the unit 1
Can be applied to the case where the units 1 are connected in the vertical direction, and the embodiments shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 can be applied to the case where the unit 1 is connected to the left and right. Further, the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 and the previous embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 may be arbitrarily combined to connect the unit 1 in both the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. good.

By the way, the unit 1 used in each of the above-mentioned embodiments may be manufactured by an appropriate method, and a suitable example of the manufacturing method is shown in FIGS. 9 to 10. This is shown in FIG.
As shown in (a), a bottom formwork 20 for forming a floor slab and a wall formwork 21 for forming a wall slab are supported and built by Shihoko 22 and a dolly 23, and concrete is poured into the formwork. By installing it, the precast concrete box body 1A composed of the floor slab 2 and the wall slab 4 as shown in (b) is formed in an inverted state, and the ceiling slab 3 is flat as shown in FIG. 10 (a). The precast concrete slab 1B is separately manufactured, and the unit 1 is completed by combining the box 1A and the precast concrete slab 1B as the ceiling slab 3 and integrating them. In this case, the box 1A and the precast concrete slab 1B may be integrated in the same manner as the structure for connecting the units 1 shown in FIG. 6B, for example. That is, as shown in FIG. 10B, the recesses 10 are formed in the upper end portion of the wall plate 4 and the peripheral edge portion of the ceiling plate 3, respectively.
After locking the edge of the ceiling slab 3 in the recess 10 of the wall slab 4 as shown in FIG.
1 is bent and overlapped, mortar 5 is filled in the recess 10 and both reinforcing bars 11 are joined in the form of a lap joint, whereby the wall slab 4 and the ceiling slab 3 are integrally connected to form the unit 1. Just complete it.

[0027]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a unit construction method for constructing a building by previously manufacturing concrete rectangular hollow box-shaped units and connecting a large number of these units in the vertical direction, the horizontal direction, or both of them. At
Since the joining means for connecting the units are provided on the outer surfaces of the units in advance, and the outer surfaces of the units are brought into close contact with each other, the joining means connect the units to each other so that they are integrated together. Can be performed only from the outside, and therefore the unit can be fully completed, and the rigidity is increased by integrating the joints, so the thickness there is reduced and the unit is made lighter. It has an excellent effect that it can be achieved.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, shear cotters as joining means are previously formed on the outer surfaces of both units to be connected, and the units are pressure-bonded with each other through a curable filler, whereby the shear cotter and Since the units are connected and integrated with each other through the curable filler in the state of having the shear strength in the in-plane direction, the units can be surely and firmly connected to each other by an extremely simple and easy operation.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, connecting members as joining means are provided in advance in the recesses on the outer surfaces of both units to be connected, and the connecting members are superposed on each other in the recesses. Since the units are connected and integrated by joining them through the curable filler filled in the recesses, the units can be surely and firmly connected to each other by an extremely simple and easy operation.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the outer surface of one unit to be connected is provided with a recess serving as a joining means and a fixing member disposed in the recess, and the other unit is provided in the recess. The fixing members to be arranged are projected, and both fixing members are wrapped in the concave portion, and the fixing members are joined through the curable filling material filled in the concave portion to connect the units to each other to form an integrated unit. As a result, the units can be reliably and firmly connected to each other by an extremely simple and easy operation.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a splice sleeve as a joining means is embedded in the outer surface of one unit to be connected, and the other unit is provided with an end portion of a reinforcing bar to be inserted into the splice sleeve. Since the units are connected and integrated by inserting and joining the ends of the reinforcing bars to the splice sleeve after projecting, it is extremely simple and easy to connect the units securely and firmly. You can

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of the same.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another example of the shear cotter.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example of the shear cotter.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of the shear cotter.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing an example of a method of manufacturing a unit according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing details of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 unit 2 floor slab 3 ceiling version 4 wall version 5 Mortar (curable filler) 6 shear cotter (joining means) 7 recess 8 convex 10 recess 11 Reinforcing bars (connecting members, joining means) 12 Fixing member (joining means) 13 Splice sleeve (joining means) 14 Rebar

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A unit construction method for constructing a building by previously manufacturing concrete rectangular hollow box-shaped units and connecting a plurality of these units in the vertical direction, the horizontal direction, or both of them to connect the units together. A unit construction method characterized in that a joining means for that is provided in advance on the outer surface of the unit, and the outer surfaces of the units are brought into close contact with each other so that the units are connected and integrated by the joining means. 2. The unit construction method according to claim 1, wherein
A shear cotter as a joining means is formed in advance on the outer surfaces of both units to be connected, and the units are pressure-bonded with each other via a curable filler to form a surface through the shear cotter and the curable filler. A unit construction method characterized in that the units are connected and integrated in a state that they have inward shear strength. 3. The unit construction method according to claim 1, wherein a connecting member as joining means is provided in advance in the recess on the outer surfaces of both units to be connected. 2. A unit construction method characterized in that the units are connected and integrated by superimposing the connecting members on each other and joining the connecting members via a curable filling material filled in the recess. 4. The unit construction method according to claim 1, wherein a concave portion as a joining means and a fixing member arranged in the concave portion are provided on an outer surface of one unit to be connected. In addition, the fixing member arranged in the concave portion is projected in the other unit, and both fixing members are wrapped in the concave portion, and the fixing member is filled in the concave portion via the curable filler. A unit construction method characterized in that the units are connected and integrated by joining them together. 5. The unit construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a splice sleeve as a joining means is embedded in the outer surface of one unit to be connected, and the other unit is attached to the other unit. A unit construction method characterized in that the ends of the reinforcing bars to be inserted into the splice sleeve are made to project, and the ends of the reinforcing bars are inserted into the splicing sleeve to join the units to connect and integrate the units. .