JP2003069048A - Schottky barrier diode and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that a chip cannot be miniaturized smoothly due to mesa etching and a thick polyimide layer and characteristics cannot be improved due to the distance between electrodes in a Schottky barrier diode, and etching a Schottky junction section cannot be controlled easily in a manufacturing method of a Schottky barrier diode. SOLUTION: N+-type ion implantation regions are provided on a substrate surface, thus eliminating the need for mesa and a polyimide layer, and achieving the planar type Schottky barrier diode of a compound semiconductor. The distance between electrodes can be reduced, thus shrinking the chip, and improving high-frequency characteristics. Additionally, GaAs is not etched when a Schottky junction region is formed, thus manufacturing a Schottky barrier diode having excellent reproducibility.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a compound semiconductor Schottky barrier diode used in a high-frequency circuit and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a compound semiconductor in which an operating region and a chip size are reduced by adopting a planar structure. Of Schottky barrier diode and manufacturing method thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In addition to the expansion of the global mobile phone market, the demand for high frequency devices has been rapidly increasing as the demand for digital satellite broadcasting receivers has increased. As an element thereof, a field effect transistor using gallium arsenide (GaAs) is often used because it handles high frequencies, and along with this, a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) in which the switch circuit itself is integrated, The development of a local oscillation FET is under way.

Demand for GaAs Schottky barrier diodes is also increasing for base stations.

FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of the operating region of a conventional Schottky barrier diode.

An n + type epitaxial layer 22 (5 × 10 ¹⁸ cm ⁻³ ) is laminated on the n + type GaAs substrate 21 to a thickness of about 6 μm, and an n type epitaxial layer 23 (1.
3 × 10 ¹⁷ cm ⁻³ ) is deposited, for example, on the order of 3500 Å.

The first metal layer which becomes the ohmic electrode 28 is AuGe / Ni / Au which makes ohmic contact with the n + type epitaxial layer 22. The second metal layer is T
i / Pt / Au, and there are two types of patterns of the second metal layer, that is, the anode side and the cathode side. A Schottky junction is formed with the n-type epitaxial layer 23 on the anode side. The second metal layer on the anode side having the Schottky junction region 31a is referred to as a Schottky electrode 31 below.
Called. The Schottky electrode 31 also serves as a base electrode of the third Au-plated layer forming the anode bonding pad, and both patterns completely overlap. The second metal layer on the cathode side is in contact with the ohmic electrode and further serves as a base electrode for the third Au plating layer forming the cathode bonding pad, and both patterns are completely overlapped as with the anode side. The Schottky electrode 31 is
Since it is necessary to dispose the end position of the pattern on the upper surface of the polyimide layer, patterning is performed so as to overlap the 16 μm cathode side around the Schottky junction region 31a. The substrate other than the Schottky junction has a cathode potential, and the anode electrode 34 and the cathode have a Ga potential.
A polyimide layer 30 is provided at the intersection with As for insulation. The area of this intersection is 1300 μm
^The parasitic capacitance is about ² and has a large parasitic capacitance. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the parasitic capacitance by setting the separation distance to a thickness of about 6 to 7 μm. Polyimide has a low dielectric constant,
It is used as an interlayer insulating layer because it can be formed thick.

The Schottky junction region 31a is 1.3 in order to secure a withstand voltage of about 10 V and good Schottky characteristics.
× provided on 10 ¹⁷ cm ^-3 of about n-type epitaxial layer 23. On the other hand, the ohmic electrode 28 is provided on the surface of the n + type epitaxial layer 22 exposed by the mesa etching in order to reduce the extraction resistance. Further, the lower layer of the n + type epitaxial layer 22 is a high-concentration GaAs substrate 21, and AuGe / Ni / Au, which is an ohmic electrode 28, is provided as a backside electrode, and it is possible to support a model taken out from the backside of the substrate. Has become.

FIG. 10 shows a plan view of a conventional compound semiconductor Schottky barrier diode.

A Schottky junction region 31a is formed on the n-type epitaxial layer 23 at approximately the center of the chip. This region has a circular shape with a diameter of about 10 μm, and Ti / Pt / Au, which is the second metal layer, is sequentially deposited in the Schottky contact hole 29 exposing the n-type epitaxial layer 23. Circular Schottky junction area 31
An ohmic electrode 28, which is a first metal layer, is provided so as to surround the outer periphery of a. The ohmic electrode 28 is made of AuGe.
/ Ni / Au is sequentially deposited, and is provided in a region close to half of the chip. Further, in order to take out the electrode, the second metal layer is brought into contact with the ohmic electrode 28 to form a base electrode.

The base electrodes on the anode side and the cathode side are provided for the Au plating layer which is the third layer. The anode side is provided in a minimum area necessary for bonding with the Schottky junction region 31a, and the cathode side is patterned in a shape surrounding the outer periphery of the circular Schottky junction region 31a. Further, in order to reduce the inductor component, which is a factor of high frequency characteristics, it is necessary to fix a large number of bonding wires, and for this reason, a region that occupies about half of the chip is a bonding region.

Further, an Au plating layer is provided so as to overlap the base electrode. The bonding wire is fixed thereto by stitch bonding, and the electrode is taken out. The anode bonding pad portion is 40 × 60 μm ² and the cathode bonding pad portion is 240 × 70 μm ² .
In the connection by stitch bonding, two bonding wires can be connected by one-time bonding, so that even if the bonding area is small, the inductor component, which is a parameter of the high frequency characteristic, can be reduced, which contributes to the improvement of the high frequency characteristic.

11 to 15 show a conventional method of manufacturing a Schottky barrier diode.

In FIG. 11, the n + type epitaxial layer 22 is exposed by mesa etching, and the first metal layer is attached to form the ohmic electrode 28.

That is, an n + type epitaxial layer 22 (5 × 10 ¹⁸ cm ⁻³ ) is deposited on the n + GaAs substrate 21 to a thickness of about 6 μm, and an n type epitaxial layer 23 (1.3
× 10 ¹⁷ cm ^-3 ) is deposited at about 3500 Å. After that, the entire surface is covered with an oxide film 25, and a photolithography process of selectively opening a resist layer on a predetermined ohmic electrode 28 is performed. Then, the oxide film 25 in the planned ohmic electrode 28 portion is etched using this resist layer as a mask, and mesa etching of the n-type epitaxial layer 23 is further performed so that the n + -type epitaxial layer 22 is exposed.

After that, AuGe, which is the first metal layer, is formed.
/ Ni / Au three layers are sequentially vacuum-deposited and laminated. After that, the resist layer is removed, and the planned ohmic electrode 28 is formed.
Leave a metal layer on the part. Subsequent to the alloying heat treatment, n
An ohmic electrode 28 is formed on the + type epitaxial layer 22.

In FIG. 12, a Schottky contact hole 29 is formed. Form a new resist layer on the entire surface,
A photolithography process is performed to selectively open the intended Schottky junction region 31a. After the exposed oxide film 25 is etched, the resist is removed, and the n-type epitaxial layer 23 in the planned Schottky junction region 31a is formed.
An exposed Schottky contact hole 29 is formed.

In FIG. 13, a polyimide layer 3 for insulation is shown.
Form 0. The entire surface is coated with polyimide several times to form a thick polyimide layer 30. A photolithography process is performed in which a new resist layer is formed on the entire surface and a window is selectively opened so that a predetermined polyimide layer 30 portion remains. Then, the exposed polyimide is removed by wet etching. Then, the resist layer is removed and the polyimide layer 30 is cured to a thickness of 6 to 7 μm.

In FIG. 14, the n-type epitaxial layer 23 exposed in the Schottky contact hole 29 is etched to form the Schottky electrode 31 having the Schottky junction region 31a.

The n-type epitaxial layer 23 is etched using the oxide film 25 around the Schottky contact hole 29 as a mask. As described above, after forming the contact hole 29, the polyimide layer 30 is formed with the surface of the n-type epitaxial layer 23 exposed. It is essential that the Schottky junction is formed on a clean GaAs surface. Therefore, before forming the Schottky electrode, the n-type epitaxial layer 23 is formed.
Etch the surface. Furthermore, in order to secure the optimum thickness of 2500Å for the operating layer, the temperature and time are precisely controlled to reduce the thickness from about 3500Å to 25
Wet-etch so that it becomes 00Å.

After that, Ti / Pt / Au is sequentially vacuum-deposited to have a Schottky junction region 31a with the n + type epitaxial layer 22 and a base for the Schottky electrode 31 and the cathode electrode 35 which also serves as a base electrode of the anode electrode. Form electrodes.

In FIG. 15, an Au plating layer to be the anode electrode 34 and the cathode electrode 35 is formed.

After exposing the underlying electrodes of the planned anode electrode 34 and cathode electrode 35 portions and covering the others with a resist layer, electrolytic gold plating is performed. At that time, the resist layer serves as a mask, and Au plating adheres only to the exposed portion of the base electrode, whereby the anode electrode 34 and the cathode electrode 35 are formed. The base electrode is provided on the entire surface, and after removing the resist,
Ion milling with Ar plasma is performed, and the base electrode in the portion not plated with Au is scraped off and patterned into the shapes of the anode and cathode electrodes 34, 35. At this time, the Au-plated portion is also slightly scraped, but there is no problem because it has a thickness of about 6 μm.

The back side is back-lapped and AuGe / N
i / Au is sequentially vapor-deposited and alloying heat treatment is performed to form the ohmic electrode 28 on the back surface.

When the compound semiconductor Schottky barrier diode is completed in the pre-process, it is moved to the post-process for assembling. The wafer-shaped semiconductor chip is diced,
After the individual semiconductor chips are separated and the semiconductor chips are fixed to a frame (not shown), bonding pads are used to connect the anode and cathode bonding pads of the semiconductor chips to predetermined leads (not shown). Gold wires are used as the bonding wires, and they are connected by known stitch bonding. After that, transfer molding is performed and a resin package is applied.

[0025]

The substrate structure of the conventional Schottky barrier diode has a structure in which the cathode electrode can be taken out from the back surface so that it can be used for a variety of models. The n + type epitaxial substrate is formed on the n + type GaAs substrate. In order to ensure the predetermined characteristics on the upper layer,
The structure has an n-type epitaxial layer of about 1.3 × 10 ¹⁷ cm ⁻³ .

Since it is necessary for the Schottky electrode to secure a predetermined characteristic, a clean surface of the n-type epitaxial layer is exposed and metal is vapor-deposited to form a Schottky junction. The ohmic electrode reduces the extraction resistance,
An ohmic junction is formed in the + type epitaxial layer.

Here, the conventional structure has the following problems. First, in order to form the ohmic electrode 28, a mesa must be formed to expose the n + type epitaxial layer 22. n-type epitaxial layer 23 is 3
It has a thickness of about 500 Å, and mesa etching is essential to expose the n + type epitaxial layer 22 thereunder. An oxide film 25 for protecting the substrate is provided on the surface of the substrate, and the mesa etching is performed by providing a mask of a photoresist on the surface to perform etching, but the adhesion between the surface of the oxide film 25 and the resist varies. If wet etching is performed in this situation, the etching may spread in the lateral direction more than necessary, and even the required oxide film 25 may be etched. If GaAs is exposed, the shape of the mesa becomes unstable. Therefore, the photoresist at the time of forming the ohmic electrode 28 provided in the opening of the mesa also has a sag in the shape of the peripheral edge portion, and as a result, the shape of the ohmic electrode 28 is deteriorated due to lift-off, or GaAs is Schottky. There is a possibility that a problem may occur in which the vicinity of the junction is etched and the characteristics are adversely affected.

Secondly, most of the anode electrode 34 is provided on GaAs, which has a cathode potential.
There is a problem that the parasitic capacitance here becomes large. Since the area of the intersection is 1300 μm ² , it is essential to reduce the parasitic capacitance with a thick interlayer insulating film. In order to embed the mesa and form a thick interlayer insulating film, a polyimide layer 30 of 6 to 7 μm must be provided. In order to take out the electrode in the Schottky junction region 31a, the polyimide layer 30
Although an opening is provided in the opening, the opening is tapered because of the etching of the thick polyimide layer 30 and also for the purpose of considering the step coverage of the electrode on the polyimide layer 30. However, due to variations in the film quality of the polyimide layer 30 and variations in the adhesion between the polyimide layer 30 and the resist, the taper angle greatly varies from 30 to 45 degrees. Therefore, the separation distance between the Schottky junction region 31a, which is the operation region, and the ohmic electrode 28 needs to be secured at about 7 μm in consideration of the taper. However, since the distance between these junctions contributes to the series resistance, a large distance hinders the improvement of high frequency characteristics,
Furthermore, miniaturization of chips has also been a cause of slow progress.

Thirdly, since a taper is formed in the vicinity of the Schottky junction and the ohmic junction, the thickness of the interlayer insulating film of 6 μm cannot be maintained in the vicinity of the operation region of the Schottky barrier diode, which increases the parasitic capacitance. However, there is also a problem that causes deterioration of characteristics.

Fourthly, the cost cannot be reduced because polyimide is used as the interlayer insulating film and Au plating is used for the bonding pad for taking out the wiring and the electrode.

Further, the conventional manufacturing method has the following problems.

First, the Schottky junction is formed by Schottky junction with the uppermost n-type epitaxial layer 23, and has an optimum thickness in consideration of breakdown voltage and resistance of the operating layer.
In order to secure 00Å, etching is performed from the n-type epitaxial layer 23 of about 3500Å to 2500Å. Since the etching at this time is wet etching, it is very difficult to control the time and temperature as well as the swing width and swing speed of the wafer in the etching solution, and the etching solution is used within the predetermined freshness retention time. Is required. Therefore, according to this method, there is a problem that variations occur from wafer to wafer, and it is very difficult to improve the reproducibility of the characteristics of the operating region and the high frequency characteristics.

Secondly, by adopting the mesa structure,
Mesa etching, which requires a number of steps, is necessary, and defects may occur due to variations in the adhesion between the resist and the oxide film. In addition, a step of forming a polyimide layer as an interlayer insulating film or providing an electrode lead-out on the polyimide layer is Au.
A plating forming step and the like are required at the same time, which complicates the manufacturing flow and is not efficient in terms of time.

Since the cost of the substrate itself of the compound semiconductor is high, it is necessary to reduce the cost by shrinking the chip size for rationalization. That is, it is inevitable to reduce the chip size, and it is also desired to reduce the cost of the material itself. At the same time, further improvement in high frequency characteristics is required. Furthermore, it has been an important issue to simplify the manufacturing process and to improve efficiency.

[0035]

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a compound semiconductor substrate, a flat one conductivity type epitaxial layer provided on the substrate, and one conductivity provided through the epitaxial layer. Type high-concentration ion implantation region and ohmic junction to the high-concentration ion implantation region
And an second electrode which forms a Schottky junction with the epitaxial layer and serves as an electrode lead-out. An ohmic electrode is formed on the surface of the high-concentration ion implantation region provided on the substrate surface. By providing a planar Schottky barrier diode of compound semiconductor by providing it, the area of the operating part can also be reduced, so the chip size can be reduced, the cost can be reduced, and the parasitic capacitance and resistance can be reduced to improve the high frequency characteristics. Can contribute to.

Further, a step of forming a one-conductivity-type high-concentration ion implantation region on the surface of the one-conductivity-type epitaxial layer, a step of forming a first electrode that makes ohmic contact with the high-concentration ion-implantation region surface, and an epitaxial layer. A step of providing a metal layer for forming a Schottky junction on the surface, extending the metal layer to form a second electrode for taking out the electrode, and at the same time forming an electrode for taking out the first electrode by the metal layer; It is possible to provide a method of manufacturing a Schottky barrier diode, which is characterized by including the following, realizes simplification and efficiency of the manufacturing process and further improves high frequency characteristics.

[0037]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

The Schottky barrier diode of the present invention comprises a compound semiconductor substrate 1 and a high concentration epitaxial layer 2.
, Epitaxial layer 3, and high-concentration ion implantation region 7
And a first electrode 8 and a second electrode 11.

FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of the operating region.

The compound semiconductor substrate 1 is made of non-doped Ga.
It is an As substrate on which a high-concentration epitaxial layer 2 (5 × 10 ¹⁸ cm ⁻³ ) of 5000 Å and n of 2500 Å
The type epitaxial layer 3 (1.3 × 10 ¹⁷ cm ⁻³ ) is laminated. No mesas were formed in any of the layers, and the substrate structure was flat.

The high-concentration ion implantation region 7 is provided so as to reach the n + epitaxial layer 2 from the surface of the n-type epitaxial layer 3 below the ohmic electrode 8. It is provided along the outer periphery of the circular Schottky junction region 11a, substantially overlaps with the ohmic electrode 8, and is provided so as to protrude from the ohmic electrode 8 at least in the portion surrounding the Schottky junction region 11a. The separation distance between the Schottky junction region 11a and the high concentration ion implantation region 7 is 1 μm. That is,
Instead of adopting the conventional mesa structure, the structure is such that the high-concentration ion implantation region 7 is provided on the surface while maintaining the planar structure, and ohmic junction can be realized without providing the mesa.

The ohmic electrode 8, which is the first electrode, is the first metal layer in contact with the high-concentration ion implantation region 7. AuGe / Ni / Au is vapor-deposited in sequence and patterned in a shape in which the vicinity of the Schottky junction is hollow. The distance from the adjacent Schottky junction region 11a is 2 μm.

The second electrode is the Schottky junction region 11
The anode electrode 11 extends from a to the anode bonding pad 11b. A circular Schottky contact hole having a diameter of 10 μm is formed in the nitride film 5 covering the GaAs surface, and is a second metal layer in which Ti / Pt / Au is sequentially deposited, forming a Schottky junction with the n-type epitaxial layer 3. By doing so, the Schottky junction region 11a is formed. Further, the anode bonding pad 11b is provided by extending the metal layer to a bonding wire fixing region where the electrode is taken out. That is, the Schottky metal layer forming the Schottky junction with the n-type epitaxial layer 3, the wiring for taking out the electrode and the metal layer forming the anode bonding pad 11b are the anode electrode 1.
1 has the same vapor-deposited metal layer. The n-type epitaxial layer 3 serving as the operating region has an optimal 2500 Å to obtain a predetermined characteristic such as withstand voltage, and the etching step for controlling the thickness of the operating layer, which was conventionally necessary, can be omitted, and thus the reproducibility is improved. A good Schottky junction can be formed, and a Schottky barrier diode with stable characteristics can be obtained. Further, it is insulated from the ohmic electrode 8 or GaAs which is the cathode potential through the nitride film 5.

Below the anode bonding pad 11b, there is provided a region 6 (hereinafter referred to as an insulated region) which is insulated by injecting boron or the like. Undoped GaA
Since the GaAs portion of the insulating region 6 reaching the s substrate has no cathode potential, the wire bond portion can be directly fixed to the substrate without providing the polyimide and nitride films.

The cathode electrode 15 is also made of the second layer of Ti / P.
t / Au, which is provided in contact with the ohmic electrode 8 and facing the anode electrode 11. The second metal layer extends to the cathode bonding region and becomes the cathode bonding pad 15b. Ohmic electrode 8
The high-concentration ion implantation region 7 and the n + type epitaxial layer 2 which are in contact with each other have a cathode potential (electrode). The cathode bonding pad 15b is directly fixed to the surface of the n-type epitaxial layer 3.

2 and 3 are plan views of the compound semiconductor Schottky barrier diode of the present invention. Figure 2
3 is a schematic pattern diagram of a chip, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of an operation area portion. This drawing is the first embodiment of the present invention, and is the case of one Schottky junction.

Ti / Pt / Au which is the second metal layer
Are sequentially deposited to provide the anode electrode 11. The anode electrode 11 is formed in the n-type epitaxial layer 3 at the center of the chip.
Schottky junction region 1 for forming a Schottky junction on
Have 1a. This region has a circular shape with a diameter of about 10 μm, and only the circular portion is in direct contact with GaAs. Further, the metal layer is extended to provide an anode bonding pad 11b, and an electrode is taken out.

Below the anode bonding pad 11b, an insulating region 6 into which B + ions have been implanted is provided. As a result, the anode bonding pad 11b can be directly fixed to the substrate without interposing the insulating film, defects during bonding can be reduced, and parasitic capacitance in the bonding pad portion can be eliminated.

The portion indicated by the broken line is the ohmic electrode 8. It surrounds the outer periphery of the circular Schottky junction region 11a and is in contact with the high concentration ion implantation region 7 (not shown). The ohmic electrode 8 is a first metal layer in which AuGe / Ni / Au are sequentially deposited. The cathode electrode 15 is provided so as to be substantially overlapped with the high-concentration ion-implanted region 7, and a cathode electrode 15 made of a second vapor-deposited metal layer is provided for taking out the electrode, and a cathode bonding pad 15b is provided so as to extend. In order to take out the cathode electrode, the inductor component, which is a factor of high frequency characteristics, is lowered, so that it is necessary to fix a large number of bonding wires. Therefore, a region occupying half of the chip is a bonding region.

Bonding wires are fixed to the anode and cathode bonding pads 11b and 15b by stitch bonding to take out the electrodes. The area of the anode bonding pad 11b is 60 × 70 μm, and the area of the cathode bonding pad 15b is 180 × 7.
It is 0 μm. In the connection by stitch bond, since two bonding wires can be connected by one-time bonding, even if the bonding area is small, the inductor component, which is a parameter of high frequency characteristics, can be reduced,
It contributes to the improvement of high frequency characteristics.

As shown in FIG. 3, the intersecting portion of the anode electrode and GaAs having the cathode potential is only a shaded region, and the area of this portion is about 100 μm ² . Since this can be reduced to about 1/13 of the conventional 1300 μm, the thin polyimide film 5 can be used in place of the polyimide which was the interlayer insulating film.

The feature of the present invention is that the high-concentration ion implantation region 7 is used.
Is provided and the Schottky junction region 11a and the ohmic electrode 8 are provided on the GaAs surface to realize the planar structure of the Schottky barrier diode. Since it is not necessary to consider misalignment due to variations in the mesa shape, the distance between the Schottky junction region 11a and the ohmic electrode 8 can be greatly reduced. Further, an insulating region 6 is provided in most of the region under the anode electrode 11, and the area of the portion where the anode electrode 11 intersects with GaAs serving as the cathode potential is 100 μm ^2.
The area is about 1/13 of the conventional size. Since it is not necessary to suppress the parasitic capacitance by increasing the polyimide thickness (separation distance), a thin nitride film can be substituted for the polyimide layer, and it is not necessary to consider the taper portion of the polyimide.

As a result, specifically, the separation distance between the Schottky junction region and the ohmic electrode is 7 μm to 2 μm.
Can be reduced to Further, the separation distance from the high-concentration ion implantation region 7 is 1 μm. In this case, the high-concentration ion implantation region 7 is a carrier movement path and has substantially the same effect as that of the ohmic electrode 8. It can be reduced to 1/7. Since the distance between the Schottky junction region 11a and the ohmic electrode 8 contributes to the series resistance, if the distance can be reduced, the resistance can be further reduced and the high frequency characteristics can be greatly improved.

This contributes to miniaturization of the chip, and the chip size is 0.27 × 0.31 m in the conventional case.
What was the size of m ² was 0.25 × 0.25 mm ²
Can shrink up to. The size is currently limited to 0.25 mm square due to the necessity of arranging bonding pads and the limit of chip size that can be handled at the time of assembly, but the operating range can be greatly reduced to about 1/10. As will be described later, the degree of freedom in arranging the operation area becomes very large.

The anode electrode of the present invention is also characterized in that it has an electrode structure in which only a metal layer forming a Schottky junction is extended. Since polyimide can be substituted with a thin nitride film, electrodes and wiring can be realized with a vapor-deposited metal layer,
This can greatly contribute to cost reduction.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention in which a plurality of Schottky junction regions 11a formed by the anode electrode 11 are provided.

In the structure of the present invention, it is possible to provide a plurality of Schottky junction regions 11a. For example, if it is arranged as shown in FIG. 4, the Schottky junction regions 11a are connected in parallel, which can contribute to the reduction of resistance.

Further, when a plurality of Schottky contact hole diameters are arranged and a plurality of Schottky contact hole areas are arranged, the concentration of the Schottky contact hole and the density of the Schottky contact hole are higher than in the case where only one Schottky contact hole area is arranged. The distance from the ion-implanted region 7 can be further reduced, and carriers can be effectively trapped in the high-concentration ion-implanted region 7. As a result, the value of the cathode resistance is reduced, and the high frequency characteristics can be further improved.

5 to 8 show in detail the method of manufacturing the Schottky barrier diode of the present invention.

In the Schottky barrier diode, one conductivity type high-concentration epitaxial layer and one conductivity type epitaxial layer are stacked on a non-doped compound semiconductor substrate, and a high-concentration epitaxial layer is formed from the surface of the epitaxial layer under the planned first electrode. A step of forming a high-concentration ion-implanted region of one conductivity type to reach, a step of forming a first electrode that makes ohmic contact with the surface of the high-concentration ion-implanted region, and a shot on the surface of the epitaxial layer surrounded by the first electrode. A metal layer forming a key junction is provided, and a second electrode that extends the metal layer and serves as an electrode lead-out is formed. At the same time, the first metal layer is used.
And a step of forming an electrode for extracting the electrode.

The first step of the present invention is as shown in FIG.
One conductivity type high-concentration epitaxial layer 2 and one conductivity type epitaxial layer 3 are stacked on the non-doped compound semiconductor substrate 1, and one conductivity type is reached from the surface of the epitaxial layer 3 below the planned first electrode 8 to the high-concentration epitaxial layer 2. To form the high-concentration ion implantation region 7 of the mold.

This step is a characteristic step of the present invention, and n under the region where the planned ohmic electrode 8 is formed.
A high-concentration ion implantation region 7 which penetrates the type epitaxial layer 3 and reaches the n + type epitaxial layer 2 is formed.

That is, n is added to the non-doped GaAs substrate 1.
+ Type epitaxial layer 2 (5 × 10 ¹⁸cm^-3) 500
Deposit about 0Å, and n-type epitaxial layer 3 on top of it
(1.3 x 10¹⁷cm^-3) Is deposited for 2500Å. That
The entire rear surface is covered with a nitride film 5 and a resist layer is provided.
A window for selectively opening the resist layer on the insulated region 6
Perform a lithographic process. Then this resist
B + impurities are ion-implanted using the layer as a mask
Forming an insulating region 6 reaching the GaAs substrate 1,
GaAs, which is the sword potential, and the anode bonding pad.
Insulation from the lead portion 11b is achieved.

Next, a photolithography process for selectively opening the resist layer on the region where the planned high-concentration ion implantation region 7 is formed is performed. Then, using this resist layer as a mask, high-concentration n-type impurities (Si +, 1 × 1)
(About 0 ¹⁸ cm ⁻³ ) is ion-implanted to penetrate the n-type epitaxial layer 3 under the planned ohmic electrode 8 to form a high-concentration ion-implanted region 7 reaching the n + -type epitaxial layer 2. At this time, the ion implantation is performed plural times under different conditions so that the impurity concentration of the high-concentration ion implantation region 7 is formed as uniform as possible in the depth direction.

Thereafter, the resist layer is removed, the nitride film 5 is again deposited for annealing, and activation annealing of the high-concentration ion implantation region 7 and the insulating region 6 is performed.

As a result, the high-concentration ion implantation region 7 is formed below the planned ohmic electrode 8. By providing the ohmic electrode 8 on the surface of the high-concentration ion implantation region 7 in the subsequent process, a Schottky barrier diode having a planar structure is realized. As a result, the distance between the Schottky junction region and the high-concentration ion-implanted region, which has the same function as that of the ohmic electrode, can be greatly reduced, and the Schottky barrier diode can reduce series resistance and greatly contribute to the improvement of high frequency characteristics.

The second step of the present invention is as shown in FIG.
First ohmic contact with the surface of the high concentration ion implantation region 7
To form the electrode 8 of FIG.

A photolithography process is performed in which a resist layer is formed on the entire surface and windows are selectively opened in portions where the ohmic electrodes 8 are to be formed. The nitride film 5 exposed from the resist layer is removed, and the first metal layer AuGe /
Three layers of Ni / Au are sequentially vacuum-deposited and laminated. afterwards,
The resist layer is removed by lift-off, and the first metal layer is left on the planned ohmic electrode 8 portion. Subsequently, an ohmic electrode 8 is formed on the surface of the high concentration ion implantation region 7 by heat treatment for alloying.

In the third step of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a metal layer which is surrounded by the first electrode 8 and which forms a Schottky junction on the surface of the epitaxial layer 3 is provided,
The second electrode 11 extending the metal layer and taking out the electrode
And at the same time form the extraction electrode 15 of the first electrode 8 with a metal layer.

This step is a characteristic step of the present invention,
First, in FIG. 7, a nitride film serving as an interlayer insulating film is deposited again on the entire surface at about 5000 Å. After that, a resist layer PR is formed on the entire surface, and a photolithography process is performed to selectively open windows of the planned Schottky junction region 11a, the anode bonding pad 11b, and the cathode electrode 15. The exposed nitride film 5 is dry-etched to remove the resist layer PR to form a contact hole 9 in which the n-type epitaxial layer 3 is exposed.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 8, a resist is again provided on the entire surface, and the anode electrode 11 and the cathode electrode 15 are formed.
A photolithography process is performed to selectively open the pattern. A second metal layer, Ti / P, is formed on the entire surface.
Three layers of t / Au are sequentially vacuum-deposited and laminated, and the resist layer PR is removed by lift-off. Thereby, the anode electrode 11 in which the metal layer forming the Schottky junction region 11a is extended to the anode bonding pad 11b on the surface of the n-type epitaxial layer 3 is formed. At the same time, the cathode electrode 15 that contacts the ohmic electrode 8 and extends to the cathode bonding pad 15b is formed. Then back-lap the back side.

In the conventional manufacturing method, it is necessary to control the thickness of the operating layer. Therefore, in the GaAs etching step for performing this, precise control of time, temperature, swing width of the wafer in the etching solution, swing speed, etc. can be performed. In addition to being very difficult, it is required to use the etching solution within a predetermined freshness retention time. However, according to the manufacturing method of the present invention, if the optimum epitaxial layer 3 of 2500 Å is formed in advance as the operating layer, the etching step for controlling the thickness of the operating layer can be omitted.
It has the advantage that a Schottky junction with good reproducibility can be formed and a Schottky barrier diode with stable characteristics can be manufactured.

Further, the anode electrode 11 and the cathode electrode 15 are vapor-deposited metal formed by a usual lift-off method. Furthermore, since the interlayer insulating film between the anode electrode 11 and the ohmic electrode 8 is the nitride film 5 and the bonding pad portion can also be directly fixed to the substrate, the polyimide layer can be omitted.
This makes it possible to omit the Au plating step for forming the wiring and the bonding pad, which is conventionally provided thickly to absorb the defects of the polyimide on the polyimide layer.
If the polyimide layer forming step and the Au plating step of performing coating several times can be omitted, the manufacturing flow can be simplified and the Schottky barrier diode can be efficiently manufactured.

When the compound semiconductor Schottky barrier diode is completed in the previous process, it is moved to the subsequent process for assembling. The wafer-shaped semiconductor chip is diced into individual semiconductor chips, and the semiconductor chips are fixed to a frame (not shown). Then, the bonding pads 11b and 15b of the semiconductor chips and predetermined leads (not shown) are bonded with bonding wires. No)) and connect. Gold wires are used as the bonding wires, and they are connected by known stitch bonding. After that, transfer molding is performed and a resin package is applied.

[0075]

According to the structure of the present invention, the following various effects can be obtained.

First, the high-concentration ion implantation region 7 is provided on the GaAs surface, and the Schottky junction region 11a and the ohmic electrode 8 are provided on the GaAs surface.
A planar structure of a Schottky barrier diode can be realized. Since it is possible to suppress variations in the shape of the ohmic electrode and deterioration of the characteristics due to variations in the mesa shape and it is not necessary to consider misalignment, the distance between the Schottky junction region 11a and the ohmic electrode 8 can be greatly reduced. The distance between the Schottky junction region 11a and the ohmic electrode 8 contributes to the series resistance, so that the resistance can be further reduced if the distance can be reduced.

Second, the area of the portion where the GaAs cathode potential and the anode electrode 11 intersect is about 100 μm ² , and the parasitic capacitance is greatly reduced. This is because the insulating region 6 is provided in most of the region under the anode electrode 11, and the area of the crossing portion which causes parasitic capacitance is 1 at the Schottky junction portion as compared with the conventional case.
It can be reduced to / 13. Moreover, since the anode bonding pad 11b can also be directly fixed to GaAs,
No parasitic capacitance is generated in this portion, and the total parasitic capacitance can be significantly reduced. Conventionally, a polyimide having a low dielectric constant is used to provide a thick interlayer insulating film in order to suppress parasitic capacitance, but a thin nitride film can be used instead. Although the nitride film has a higher dielectric constant than polyimide, the structure of the present invention can reduce the parasitic capacitance as compared with the conventional case even if a nitride film of about 5000 Å is used.

Third, since thick polyimide is not used,
It is not necessary to consider the distance of the taper portion of the polyimide opening which becomes the operation area and the variation of the taper angle.

From the above, the distance between the Schottky junction region and the ohmic electrode can be determined simply by considering the breakdown voltage and the mask alignment accuracy. In particular,
The separation distance between the Schottky junction region and the ohmic electrode is 7
It can be reduced from μm to 2 μm. Further, the separation distance from the high-concentration ion implantation region 7 is 1 μm. In this case, the high-concentration ion implantation region 7 is a carrier movement path and has substantially the same effect as that of the ohmic electrode 8. It can be reduced to 1/7. Therefore, a large reduction in resistance, a large reduction in parasitic capacitance, and a reduction in variations in parasitic capacitance can greatly contribute to the improvement of high frequency characteristics.

Fourth, it contributes to downsizing of the chip, and the chip size is 0.27 × 0.31 mm ^{2 in the} conventional case.
It was possible to shrink up to 0.25 x 0.25 mm ² from the size of. The size is currently limited to 0.25 mm square due to the necessity of arranging bonding pads and the limit of chip size that can be handled at the time of assembly, but the operating range can be greatly reduced to about 1/10. , The degree of freedom in arranging the operation area becomes very large.

Fifth, the resistance can be further reduced by providing a plurality of Schottky junction regions. If the contact diameter of the Schottky junction is reduced and a plurality of contacts are provided, the resistance can be further reduced and high concentration of ions can be obtained compared to the case where one Schottky junction region having the same total Schottky contact area is provided. Since carriers can be effectively trapped in the injection region, there is an advantage that the high frequency characteristics are further improved.

Sixth, since the anode layer can be realized by the same metal layer as the metal layer forming the Schottky junction without using the polyimide layer or gold plating, the material cost can be reduced, and the chip shrink can be achieved, resulting in a large cost reduction. Reduction is realized.

According to the manufacturing method of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

First, since it is possible to form a stable Schottky junction, it is possible to suppress characteristic variations, which is a very important issue for high frequency circuits. The n-type epitaxial layer is formed to have an optimum thickness of 2500Å as an operating layer, which eliminates the need for precise GaAs etching control as in the prior art. That is, it is possible to manufacture a Schottky barrier diode having improved yield, good reproducibility, and stable characteristics.

Secondly, the above Schottky barrier diode can be manufactured efficiently and further by simplifying the manufacturing process. Specifically, it includes a mesa etching step, an n-type epitaxial layer etching step before forming a Schottky junction, a polyimide layer forming step, an Au plating step, and the like. The polyimide layer is formed by repeating coating several times so as to have a thickness of 6 to 7 μm. Coating the polyimide layer several times takes time and complicates the manufacturing flow. Further, if the polyimide is unnecessary, the electrode formed by the Au plating layer is also unnecessary. Conventionally, it is necessary to secure the strength of the electrodes in order to prevent the electrodes from being broken or deformed by heat during solder mounting or stress during wire bonding, and the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are formed by a thick Au plating layer. However, if the polyimide layer is unnecessary, it is not necessary to consider its influence. That is, the gold-plated electrode becomes unnecessary, and the Schottky junction region, the anode electrode and the cathode electrode can be formed only by the vapor-deposited metal of Ti / Pt / Au, and the reliability is improved. Further, the above-mentioned factors that have conventionally caused a decrease in yield are eliminated, so that the yield is also improved.

In other words, it is possible to provide a manufacturing method in which the manufacturing process is simplified and the efficiency is improved even though the Schottky barrier diode is capable of significantly reducing the parasitic capacitance and further reducing the resistance to significantly improve the high frequency characteristics. Have advantages.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view for explaining a semiconductor device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view for explaining a semiconductor device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a top view for explaining the semiconductor device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a top view for explaining a semiconductor device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the method for manufacturing a semiconductor device of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the method for manufacturing a semiconductor device of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a conventional semiconductor device.

FIG. 10 is a top view for explaining a conventional semiconductor device.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the conventional method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the conventional method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the conventional method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the conventional method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the conventional method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.

Continued front page    (72) Inventor Yoshifumi Nakajima             2-5-3 Keihan Hondori, Moriguchi City, Osaka Prefecture             Within Yo Denki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shigeyuki Murai             2-5-3 Keihan Hondori, Moriguchi City, Osaka Prefecture             Within Yo Denki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hisashi Tominaga             2-5-3 Keihan Hondori, Moriguchi City, Osaka Prefecture             Within Yo Denki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Koichi Hirata             2-5-3 Keihan Hondori, Moriguchi City, Osaka Prefecture             Within Yo Denki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Mikito Sakakibara             2-5-3 Keihan Hondori, Moriguchi City, Osaka Prefecture             Within Yo Denki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hidetoshi Ishihara             2-5-3 Keihan Hondori, Moriguchi City, Osaka Prefecture             Within Yo Denki Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 4M104 AA05 BB11 BB15 CC03 DD17                       DD26 DD68 FF31 GG03 HH14

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A compound semiconductor substrate, a flat one-conductivity-type epitaxial layer provided on the substrate, a one-conductivity-type high-concentration ion implantation region provided through the epitaxial layer, and the high-concentration ions. A Schottky barrier diode, comprising: a first electrode that makes an ohmic contact with an injection region; and a second electrode that forms a Schottky junction with the epitaxial layer and serves as an electrode lead-out. 2. A compound semiconductor substrate, a flat one-conductivity-type high-concentration epitaxial layer and a flat one-conductivity-type epitaxial layer provided on the substrate, and a layer which penetrates the epitaxial layer and reaches the high-concentration epitaxial layer. A high-concentration ion-implanted region of conductivity type, a first electrode that makes ohmic contact with the surface of the high-concentration ion-implanted region, a Schottky junction is formed with the epitaxial layer surrounded by the first electrode, and A Schottky barrier diode, comprising: a second electrode serving as an electrode lead-out. 3. The Schottky barrier diode according to claim 1, wherein an electrode for taking out the first electrode is provided by a metal layer which becomes the second electrode. 4. The compound semiconductor substrate is non-doped Ga
The Schottky barrier diode according to claim 1 or 2, which is an As substrate. 5. The Schottky barrier diode according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the second electrode and the high concentration ion implantation region is 5 μm or less. 6. The Schottky barrier diode according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of Schottky junction regions formed by the second electrode are provided. 7. The Schottky barrier diode according to claim 1, wherein the high-concentration ion-implanted region is provided so as to protrude from the first electrode. 8. A step of forming a one-conductivity-type high-concentration ion-implanted region on the surface of a one-conductivity-type epitaxial layer; a step of forming a first electrode in ohmic contact with the surface of the one-conductivity-type ion-implanted region; A metal layer for forming a Schottky junction is provided on the surface of the epitaxial layer, a second electrode is formed by extending the metal layer to take out the electrode, and at the same time, the metal layer serves as an electrode for taking out the first electrode. And a step of forming the Schottky barrier diode. 9. A one-conductivity-type high-concentration epitaxial layer and a one-conductivity-type epitaxial layer are laminated on a non-doped compound semiconductor substrate, and a high-concentration epitaxial layer is reached from a surface of the epitaxial layer under a predetermined first electrode. Forming a high-concentration ion-implanted region of conductivity type, forming a first electrode in ohmic contact with the surface of the high-concentration ion-implanted region, and surrounding the outer periphery of the first electrode on the surface of the epitaxial layer A step of forming a metal layer forming a Schottky junction, extending the metal layer to form a second electrode for taking out an electrode, and at the same time forming an electrode for taking out the first electrode with the metal layer; A method of manufacturing a Schottky barrier diode, comprising: 10. The method of manufacturing a Schottky barrier diode according to claim 8, wherein the second electrode is formed by sequentially depositing a Ti / Pt / Au multilayer metal layer. 11. The method of manufacturing a Schottky barrier diode according to claim 8, wherein the metal layer forms bonding pads for the first and second electrodes, respectively.