JP2003066336A - Microscope for surgery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a microscope for surgery which facilitates the change of observation methods, such as observation with one eye and observation with both eyes, according to the images to be displayed in superposition and the applications for use of these images and can be achieved with small-sized constitution. SOLUTION: This microscope for surgery introduces the image of an LCD 11 capable of displaying the electronic image to a pair of right and left eyepiece optical systems 4a and 4b and irradiates the LCD 11 with the illumination light of at least a pair of the right and left illumination light sources 12a and 12b. The positions of the exit pupils by the eyepiece optical systems 4a and 4b and the positions of the illumination light sources are arranged in approximately conjugate positions.

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] 1. Field of the Invention
Related to surgical microscopes used for neurosurgery, etc.
The electronic image can be superimposed and displayed on the microscope optical observation image.
The present invention relates to a surgical microscope capable of: 2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, surgical fields such as neurology and ophthalmology have been used.
In particular, it is necessary to perform fine surgery, so the surgical site is three-dimensionally expanded.
Surgical microscopes for large observations are frequently used. Recently, surgery using a surgical microscope has been performed.
In order to perform surgery more reliably and less invasively,
Compute medical images around the surgical site obtained by CT or MRI before
Integrated processing on the computer to confirm the location and range of the tumor site, etc.
Surgical operation support system, so-called navigation system
System is also used. Such a navigation system
By using the system and the surgical microscope together,
How many millimeters away from the position where the surgeon is observing
Information such as the presence of a large tumor
It can be provided as an image. Because of this, surgery
It can be performed more reliably and less invasively. Now surgery
Overlay the tumor area directly on the optical observation image of the microscope
There is also proposed a technology that allows the display to be performed. Navigators used with surgical microscopes
The application system is known from Japanese Patent Application No. 11-14659.
As described above, a camera for detecting the three-dimensional position of an operating microscope or an endoscope.
By the camera array and the computer connected to it
Constitute. Then, the computer previously stores C
Store the information of medical images obtained by T, MRI, etc.
The position information and ratio detected by the camera array based on these images
In comparison, information on the current surgical site and the body
Observation of various information necessary for surgery, such as image information of
To provide. Such a navigation system
With the use of a system, the observation
Not only the elephant, but also the tumor and other parts not exposed on the surface of the site
To get an overall picture of the surgical site, including its surroundings
Will be able to [0005] Also, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-2151971 discloses
Is one of the optical paths on one side of the binocular optical system that constitutes the surgical microscope.
A beam splitter (hereinafter also referred to as B / S),
A liquid crystal device for displaying a so-called electronic image (hereinafter referred to as LCD)
) And the projection optical system,
A proposal that enables superimposed display with a single-sided observation optical path of a microscope
Have been. The aforementioned Japanese Patent Application No. 11-14659 discloses
The binocular optical system is a monocular optical system, and the light beam from the monocular optical system is
Binocular tube light that guides a pair of observation images to the left and right eyes of the observer
And the afocal light beam of the monocular optical system.
A B / S is arranged at the B / S, and an LCD is
A projection optical system for guiding an electronic image by
There has been proposed one that enables binocular observation of an image. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-108905
In this type of surgical microscope, a polarizing B /
Display an image with a polarization component by the illumination light from S
And two reflective LCDs are arranged in the left and right viewing optical paths.
By arranging the polarizing plate on the left and right, two observation images
Each of the LCD images is guided so that the observer can
To display images with left and right parallax on various LCDs
If the superimposed image can be observed as a 3D (stereoscopic) image,
Some suggestions have been made. [0008] The operating microscope has two right and left sides.
The observation image for observing the surgical site with two independent observation optical paths
A so-called stereoscopic microscope that naturally becomes a stereoscopic (3D) image
To construct. [0009] However, the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-2151971 describes
In the publication, the superimposed image is incident on one of the observation optical paths.
Therefore, two-dimensional and depth information
As a result, the surgeon can see the actual focus position
I feel unnatural in the position of the superimposed image. To solve this problem, FIG.
So that the superimposed image is displayed on both sides of each observation light path.
LCD 91, B / S 92, and projection optical system 93
It was necessary to provide two dedicated optical systems respectively.
With this configuration, the entire device becomes complicated and large.
Problem arises. Japanese Patent Application No. 11-14659 discloses such a problem.
The problem is to solve the problem
Superimposed observation is possible. But in this case,
From observing one LCD image (2D) simultaneously with the eyes
3D images cannot be superimposed. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-108905 discloses
In combination with the roller navigation device, C
Indicate tumor area from images obtained preoperatively by T, MRI, etc.
Build a 3D image as an image and put it on a surgical microscope
Cannot be superimposed on the 3D optical observation image. Follow
In any case, the observation focal point
Can only be displayed as a 2D image at a fixed point
Can not. To solve such a problem, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.
No. 001-108905 discloses one LCD.
To enable 3D superimposition observation. But this
In the case of the above method, a polarizing plate is placed between the left and right observation optical paths.
The observation image of the surgical microscope itself becomes dark.
And the image quality deteriorates. In general, LCD images are converted into microscope images.
When superimposed, optical observation of brightness, resolution, color, etc.
Image degradation is inevitable. On the other hand, as an image to be superimposed,
For example, so-called information such as the output value of an electric scalpel and the recording state of a VTR
If you are a character that just recognizes the data
Therefore, display with a single eye is sufficient. However, Japanese Patent Application Hei 11
-14659 and JP-A-2001-108905
In the example, the image is always superimposed on both eyes, and the observed image is unnecessarily poor.
There was a drawback that it would be converted. The present invention focuses on the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
The purpose of the
Surgical microscope capable of superimposing an electronic image on the magnified observation image of the part
In a microscope, in the eyepiece optical system,
To ensure that the display image is brightly and reliably superimposed
is there. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to light from an object.
Optical system for incident light and light emitted from the objective optical system
A pair of left and right imaging optical systems for forming the bundle as left and right eye images,
A pair of left and right to guide the left and right eye images to the left and right eyes of the observer, respectively
Eyepiece optical system, and light modulation means capable of displaying an electronic image,
The electronic image generated by the light modulating means
A relay optical system that leads to an image forming position by a pair of image forming optical systems
Illumination means for irradiating illumination light toward the light modulation means
And an illumination optical system.
That the exit pupil and the illumination means are arranged at substantially conjugate positions;
It is a surgical microscope characterized by the following. According to the present invention, the exit pupils of the left and right eyepiece optical systems are provided.
Since the lighting means is projected at the position, the lighting means is projected.
Display by the light modulating means in the shaded eyepiece optical system
The image is brightly and reliably superimposed and observed. Incidentally, assuming the present invention, the left and right eyepiece optics
Different illumination means are projected at each exit pupil position of the system
It is easy to construct an optical configuration as
To display an image on the light modulation means (LCD).
Lighting means according to the state of the lighting means (light source).
One eye, binocular, two-dimensional, three-dimensional
Simple configuration that enables switching between various observations such as dimensions
It can be constructed with a small structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [First Embodiment] FIG. 1 and FIG.
2 according to the first embodiment of the present invention according to the present invention
The microscope will be described. FIG. 1 shows a microscope of the surgical microscope according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a schematic configuration of a microscopic optical system,
Of the electronic image displayed on the transmissive LCD superimposed on the image
It shows an image (image relay) state. Also, FIG.
Light source for illuminating a transmission type LCD in the microscope optical system
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an image formation state (pupil relay) of FIG. (Configuration) In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an objective lens, 2
Reference numerals a and 2b denote a pair of right and left zoom optical systems, and reference numerals 3a and 3b denote left and right ones.
A pair of imaging optical systems, 4a and 4b, are also a pair of left and right eyepieces.
(Eyepiece optics), which are used for surgical microscopy.
An entity observation optical system of a mirror is configured. The imaging lens
Each image point formed by 3a and 3b is indicated by a symbol in FIG.
This is indicated by reference numerals 5a and 5b. Further, the eyepieces 4a,
The exit pupils of each of FIGS.
Have been. Next, a microscope observation image of the above-mentioned entity observation optical system
Optical system 10 for superimposing an electronic image on an image
I will tell. Reference numeral 11 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
Transmission type LCD (liquid crystal modulator)
Controls the modulation of illumination light to display a so-called electronic image
I do. An illumination lens 13 is provided on the rear side of the transmissive LCD 11.
Therefore, a light source that emits illumination light toward the transmission type LCD 11
And a pair of left and right LEDs 12a and 12b
You. In this embodiment, each of the LEDs is a point light source.
12a and 12b, and serves as a point light source.
Of the illumination light emitted by each LED 12a, 12b
Illuminates the transmission LCD 11 through the illumination lens 13
An illumination optical system configured to perform this operation is constructed. The reference numeral 14 in FIGS.
LCD relay for relaying electronic images of the transmissive LCD 11
An optical system, and numeral 15 changes the magnification of the electronic image.
LCD variable power optical system. Also, reference numeral 100 is a substance view
A half prism located in the optical system area
The light guided by the LCD variable power optical system 15 is
The light is guided into the region of the stereoscopic observation optical system. Here, as shown in FIG.
The position of the image display surface of the CD 11 is determined by the relay optical system 14 and the
And the imaging lenses 3a and 3b of the imaging optical system.
It has a conjugate relationship with the positions of the image points 5a and 5b. Ma
As shown in FIG. 2, each of the LEDs 12a and 12b
Position is illumination lens 13, relay optical system 14, imaging lens
3a, 3b and eyepieces 4a, 4b
Each exit pupil position 6a, 6b of the eye lens 4a, 4b and each
And have a conjugate positional relationship. The LED 12 serving as the illumination means (light source)
Reference numerals a and 12b denote lighting unit control circuits (not shown)
Means) to turn both on and off or only one of them
Is selected and its lighting-off state can be switched.
ing. Reference numeral 16 in FIG. 1 denotes the variable power optical system 2a,
Change the distance between lens groups that compose 2b along the optical axis direction
Motor for driving a drive mechanism (not shown) to be driven.
The motor 16 is an input means such as a foot switch 17 or the like.
Driver circuit that outputs a drive signal in response to an operation signal from
It is connected to the road 18. The motor 16 includes the motor
An encoder 19 for detecting the number of rotations of 16 is connected
I have. Reference numeral 20 denotes a magnification calculating circuit,
0 is the variable power optical system according to the detection result of the encoder 19.
2a and 2b are calculated, and the weight is calculated from the calculation result.
Electrons displayed on the transmissive LCD 11 by the tatami optical system 10
Make sure that the image has the same magnification as the observation image of the stereoscopic observation optical system
The magnification of the LCD variable power optical system 15 is calculated. Ma
Reference numeral 21 denotes a driver circuit, and the driver circuit
Reference numeral 21 denotes the L according to a magnification signal from the magnification calculation circuit 20.
Change the distance between lenses constituting the CD variable power optical system 15
A drive signal is sent to a motor 22 that drives a drive mechanism (not shown).
Output. (Operation) With the above configuration, the operator can
The light emitting P is transmitted to the variable magnification optical systems 2a and 2b and the imaging optical system.
Via imaging lenses 3a, 3b and eyepieces 4a, 4b
And perform stereoscopic observation. When changing the magnification of the observed image,
In this case, operating the foot switch 17
An operation signal is sent to the driver circuit 18 and the driver circuit 18
Then, a drive signal is output to the motor 16. This
Between the lens groups constituting the variable power optical systems 2a and 2b.
A drive mechanism (not shown) for changing the distance is driven, and the lens
Group spacing is changed. However, to the operator's desired magnification
Thus, stereoscopic observation of the surgical site P is performed. At this time, the engine connected to the motor 16
The number of rotations of the motor 16 is detected by the coder 19.
According to the detection result, the magnification calculation circuit 20
The observation magnification is calculated. Further, according to the observation magnification result,
As a surgeon's observation image, a transmission type LCD is used for the optical observation image.
LCD variable magnification light that matches the magnification of the display image by 11
The magnification of the academic system 15 is calculated, and the result is calculated based on the calculation result.
When an input signal is sent to the inverter circuit 21, the motor 22
Is driven, and the LCD variable power optical system 15
Set to magnification. Next, when the operator uses the navigation device to
An electronic image such as the outline of the tumor is superimposed on the optical observation image.
When shown, the input switch (not shown)
The type LCD 11 is turned on. According to this, each LED
12a and 12b are turned on, and the illumination lens 1 of the illumination optical system
3, the transmission type LCD 11 is illuminated. Transmission LC
The electronic image projected on D11 is denoted by reference numeral 23a in FIG.
Through separate optical paths indicated by 23b, the relay optical system 14,
LCD zoom optical system 15, half prism 100,
Separate imaging points 5a, 5b are provided by the image lenses 3a, 3b.
Above, each image was formed at the same magnification as the optical observation image.
It is. The lit LEDs 12a and 12b are
Through separate optical paths indicated by reference numerals 25a and 25b in FIG.
Illumination lens 13, relay optical system 14, imaging lens 3a,
3b, the eyepieces 4a, 4b
An image is formed on the exit pupil positions 6a and 6b of a and 4b. True
At the same time, the surgeon superimposed on the optical observation image at the same magnification.
Electronic images can be clearly observed with both eyes.
You. Next, the display image on the transmissive LCD 11 is
The case of observation with one eye will be described. The surgeon said LE
The image is formed on the exit pupil 6b of the right eye among D12a and 12b.
LED 12b to be turned off by an input switch (not shown).
When the LED is turned on, the LED 12b turned off is indicated by a broken line 2 in FIG.
Exit pupil 6 of the right eyepiece 4b through the optical path indicated by 5b
b is not imaged, only the lit LED 12a
Through the optical path 25a indicated by the two-dot chain line, the eyepiece 4 for the left eye.
The image is formed on the exit pupil 6a. However, the surgeon must
The display image of the oversized LCD 11 can be observed only with the left eye
Become. (Effect) In the present embodiment, the right and left
Exit pupil position by each eyepiece 4a, 4b, LC
The position of each LED 12a, 12b that illuminates D11
The superimposed image is set by setting
The projected illumination light is reliably guided to both the left and right eyes, making it bright and reliable
Superimposed observation is possible, and two left and right LEDs 12a,
Depending on the lighting state of 12b, superimposed observation is performed with both eyes or one
You can easily switch to your eyes and observe. Further, the exit pupil diameter of the eyepieces 4a, 4b
In contrast, the LEDs 12a and 12b to be imaged are smaller.
By setting the projection magnification of the illumination optical system,
Brighter and more reliable superposition observation becomes possible. The exit pupil position of the eyepieces 4a and 4b
ON / OFF of LEDs 12a and 12b conjugated with LED
Only by controlling the
Various observations such as one eye, binocular, two-dimensional, three-dimensional
Switching is possible. In addition, the radiation of the eyepieces 4a and 4b
The pupil position and the positions of the LEDs 12a and 12b are conjugated
Therefore, it is possible to switch between various observations as described above.
The structure can be constructed with a simple and small structure. [Second Embodiment] Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG.
A surgical microscope according to a second embodiment of the present invention
Will be described. However, this embodiment is the first embodiment described above.
The form is the above-mentioned transmissive LCD 11 and an LED as an illumination light source
Only the driving method of 12a and 12b is different. FIG.
Is a driving of the transmissive LCD 11 and the LEDs 12a and 12b.
It is a block diagram of a method. (Structure) Reference numeral 30 shown in FIG.
System video signal, and select and output one of them
Switcher, and the input signal is
The video signals of the electronic images 31a and 31b to which the difference is given are input.
It is being forced. This electronic image is, for example,
In a navigation device, before CT or MR
The boxle data obtained from the slice image in advance
Constructs three-dimensional data of the contour of the tumor,
Split into two images with left and right parallax based on data
And three-dimensional observation from these images
It is. Reference numeral 32 in FIG. 3 denotes a switch.
The LCD driver 34 drives the transmissive LCD 11.
And LED driver for driving LEDs 12a and 12b
An operation signal is input to the control circuit 33 for controlling each of the control signals 35
Is what you do. The control circuit 33 is the switcher 30
In order to control the selection of the output signal output from the
It is connected to the itcher 30. (Operation) The surgeon operates in the above-described first embodiment.
In the same way as in the case where the electronic observation image is superimposed on the optical observation image,
When the switch 32 is operated, the control circuit 33
The drive signal is output to the driver 34. At the same time, switch
A drive signal is also output to the CPU 30 and the LED driver 35
However, at this time, the output signal of the switcher 30 is used as the parallax for the left eye.
And the output of the image signal 31a having
LED driver 35 to drive eye LED 12a
Control. Next, the output of the switcher 30 is checked for the right eye.
Switching to the image signal 31b having a difference,
To drive the right eye LED 12b.
The controller 35 is controlled. Then, the control circuit 33 controls the switch 3
2 is ON, switch between these two operations instantaneously
I can. As a result, the left LCD displayed on the transmissive LCD 11 is displayed.
The video signal 31a having the parallax for the eye is the imaging point 5 for the left eye.
a, and the video signal 31b having parallax for the right eye is
Guided to the imaging point 5b for the eye, the operator
Superimpose the electronic image with parallax on the optical observation image
You will observe three-dimensionally. (Effect) In this embodiment, one LCD 11
In other words, the parallax between the left and right
The electronic image possessed can be superimposed and displayed on each optical observation image,
An electronic image as a three-dimensional image within a three-dimensional optical observation image
Images can be observed simultaneously. Especially the navigation device mentioned above
With the combination with, depth information is more reliably held
Observation becomes clear. In this embodiment, the switch 3
The number of input switches can be controlled according to the situation.
Switches the control method of the control circuit 33 to switch between 2D and 3D.
It is also possible to easily change the display. [Third Embodiment] According to FIG.
Of the surgical microscope according to the third embodiment in the description
I do. However, the same names and numbers as in the first embodiment are used.
Is the same as in the first embodiment, so a detailed description
Is omitted. (Structure) This embodiment is the first embodiment described above.
In the case of morphology, another surgeon, the so-called assistant
A display format with an additional observation light path that makes observation possible
belongs to. Reference numerals 40a and 40b in FIG.
And a pair of right and left variable power optical systems for the secondary observation optical path.
a, 41b are guided by the variable power optical system 40a, 40b.
Prism for the secondary observation light path that reflects the light to be reflected by approximately 90 °
It is. In the figure, reference numerals 42a and 42b denote left sides for the secondary observation optical path.
A pair of right imaging lenses, 43a and 43b are secondary side observations
A pair of right and left eyepieces for an optical path;
Observation of the secondary side by the above with the object lens 1
The optical path constitutes a stereoscopic observation optical system. Also, in the figure,
44a and 44b are formed by the imaging lenses 42a and 42b.
45a and 45b are the respective image points formed by
The exit pupils of the eyepieces 43a and 43b are
You. Next, the superposition optical system 46 in the present embodiment
Will be described. On the output optical axis of the reflective LCD 47
Has a polarization beam splitter 48 disposed therein. Ma
In the figure, 49a and 49b are LEDs on the main side.
LEDs 49a and 49b of the polarization beam splitter 4
8, the illumination optical system 51 and the relay optical system
System 14, imaging lenses 3a, 3b and eyepiece 4
a, 4b, the exit pupil position of eyepieces 4a, 4b
And conjugate positions. 50a, 50 in FIG.
b is a sub-side LED arranged in the same manner, and the illumination optical system
51, relay optical system 14, imaging lenses 42a, 42b and
And the eyepieces 43a and 43b
There is a conjugate positional relationship with the exit pupil positions of 43a and 43b. FIG. 7 is a diagram for driving the reflection type LCD 47.
The result of the operation of the magnification operation circuit 20 is not stored in the driver circuit.
Is displayed on the reflection type LCD 47 and the optical observation image.
The display magnification is set to match the magnification of the electronic image.
It has a so-called electronic zoom function. (Operation) In the present embodiment, the operator
In addition to observation, the assistant zooms the light emitted from the surgical site P right and left
Optical systems 40a, 40b, prisms 41a, 41b, imaging
Through lenses 42a and 42b and eyepieces 43a and 43b
Thus, stereoscopic observation can be performed. Next, the surgeon superimposes the electronic image on the optical observation image.
In the case of tatami display, an input (not shown) is performed as in the first embodiment.
Operate the switch. According to the input signal of the switch,
When the reflective LCD 47 is driven, the LEDs 49a,
49b lights up. Lighting with LEDs 49a and 49b
The light is transmitted through a semi-reflective / semi-transmissive surface 48a of the polarizing beam splitter 48.
, Only a component in one direction, for example, the vertical direction is reflected.
Then, the reflective LCD 47 is irradiated. On the other hand, reflective LCD
The image displayed at 47 is calculated by the magnification calculating circuit 20.
The image is displayed at the same magnification as the optical observation image. The reflective LCD 4
The light having emitted 7 has a wavelength direction with respect to the aforementioned incident light.
Since the LCD 47 is rotated by 90 °, the polarization
The light passes through the semi-reflective semi-transmissive surface 48a of the rhythm 48. True
In addition, the relay optical system 14, the half prism 100,
Lenses 3a and 3b form images at intermediate imaging points 5a and 5b.
It is. On the other hand, the LED 49 serving as an illumination light source
a and 49b are the relay optical systems 1 as in the first embodiment.
4. Half prism 100, imaging lenses 3a and 3b, contact
The eye lenses 4a, 4b are
An image is formed on the exit pupil positions 6a and 6b. However, the first fruit
As in the embodiment, the operator turns on the LEDs 49a and 49b.
By changing the state, superimposed observation can be performed on both eyes or one eye.
It is possible to observe by switching to a small one. The assistant looks at the superimposed image in the same manner as the operator.
To operate the input switch (not shown)
Then, the LEDs 50a and 50b are turned on. At this time, LC
Since D47 is driven as described above, the relay light
Science system 14, half prism 100 and imaging lens 42
a, 42b, the intermediate image point 44 of the assistant observation optical path
a and 44b. And the LED 50
a, 50b are the relay optical system 14, the half prism 10
0, imaging lenses 42a, 42b, eyepieces 43a, 4
3b, the exit pupil position of the eyepieces 43a, 43b
Since the image is formed on 45a and 45b, the assistant is the same as the surgeon
By changing the lighting state of the LEDs 50a and 50b to
Switch the superimposed observation to either binocular or one eye
Can be guessed. (Effect) In this embodiment, the first embodiment
In the embodiment, one LCD 47 is used for illumination.
Adding two LEDs 50a and 50b as light sources
It is a very simple and compact configuration that allows the operator to supervise
Superimposed observation is also possible with the observation optical system on the side. Further, the LEDs 50a and 50b on the assistant side are
Independent lighting control for the LEDs 49a and 49b on the surgeon side
The assistant can be turned on / off by his / her own will.
Superimposed image observation is possible freely, such as OFF or binocular / monocular
Become. [Fourth Embodiment] The fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
A surgical microscope according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
Will be explained. However, this embodiment is different from the third embodiment.
The reflection type LCD 47 and the LED 49a as an illumination light source,
Only the driving systems of 49b, 50a and 50b are different.
You. FIG. 5 shows a reflective LCD 47 and LEDs 49a and 49.
b, 50a, and 50b are block diagrams showing driving systems.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the situation within the observation field of view of the surgical microscope.
is there. (Structure) As shown in FIG.
Two video signals 55 and 56 are input to the tea 30.
You. Here, as the video signals 55 and 56, for example,
For example, the outline of the tumor and the electronic
Data such as the output value of the data. In addition, the LED
The driver 35 includes the LEDs 49a and 49b and the LED 50a,
Same as the case of the second embodiment, with 50b as two hollows
To control the lighting. (Operation) In order for the operator to perform superimposed observation,
When the switch 32 is operated, the control circuit 33 or the LCD
The drive signal is output to the driver 34. Together with the switch
A drive signal is also output to the controller 30 and the LED driver 35.
However, at this time, the output signal of the switcher 30 is navigated.
For the surgeon at the same time as outputting the tumor outline display image by the
LED driver to drive LEDs 49a, 49b
35 is controlled. Next, the output of the switcher 30 is
The output value data is switched to the image signal 56 and synchronized with it.
To drive the assistant LEDs 50a and 50b.
The D driver 35 is controlled. The control circuit 33 is a switch 3
2 is ON, continue the time-sharing control of these two operations.
You. This allows the operator to observe and observe as shown in FIG.
In Nouchi, supervise the outline display 55 of the tumor and observe it.
The output data 56 of the electric scalpel as shown in FIG.
Superimposed observation can be performed. (Effect) In this embodiment, the reflection type LCD is displayed.
Eyepieces for surgeons and assistants according to the displayed image
Of the illumination light source LED arranged at a position conjugate with the exit pupil of the camera
Is controlled in a time-sharing manner, allowing one LCD to communicate with the operator.
The assistant can observe different superimposed images. [Fifth Embodiment] Referring to FIG. 7 and FIG.
A surgical microscope according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention
Will be described. However, the same name as in the first to fourth embodiments
And the same numbers are the same.
Description is omitted. FIG. 7 shows the microscope optical system of the surgical microscope.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a schematic configuration, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a state of an LED arranged on the illumination optical axis of FIG.
You. (Structure) Reference numeral 60 in FIG.
The imaging lens 3a, 3b and
And a pair of left and right observation optical paths by the eyepieces 4a and 4b.
This is one variable power optical system. Also, the symbols in FIG.
Reference numerals 61a and 61b output the variable power optical system 60, and
A part of the light transmitted through the prism 100 is made into a left and right light flux.
And a pair of right and left prisms leading to the imaging lenses 3a and 3b.
It is. The prisms 61a and 61b and the
Lenses 3a, 3b and eyepieces 4a, 4b are barrel housings
The lens barrel housing 62 is
Rotation about the central axis O of the objective lens 1 and the variable power optical system 60
Possible, objective lens 1, variable power optical system 60, half
Attached to the mirror housing 63 that stores the rhythm 100
Have been. Further, it is arranged on the illumination optical axis of the illumination optical system.
The LED device 65 is mounted on a base 65a as shown in FIG.
, A plurality of LEDs 6 on a circle concentric with the illumination optical axis
6a, 66b,... Are arranged. In addition, the LED device
In the arrangement 65, each has a symmetrical positional relationship.
For example, a combination of LED 66a and LED 66b, LED
The combination of LED 67b and LED 67b is the first to
Exit pupil position of eyepieces 4a and 4b as in the fourth embodiment
6a and 6b are arranged in a conjugate positional relationship. (Operation) The surgeon operates in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
The part P is subjected to stereoscopic observation at a desired observation magnification, and
Operate a switch that does not have the reflective LCD 47 and LED
The device 65 is driven. At this time, L of the LED device 65
The ED 66a and the LED 66b are connected to the illumination optical system 51 and the relay.
-Optical system 14, imaging lenses 3a, 3b, eyepiece 4
a, 4b, the exit pupils 6a of the eyepieces 4a, 4b,
6b, and superimposition of an electronic image as in the first embodiment.
Observation can be performed. Next, the operator has a difficult observation posture with respect to the operation site P.
In such a case, the lens barrel housing 62 and the lens body housing
63 is changed. For example, the lens barrel housing 6
2 is rotated 90 ° in the direction of arrow 64 in FIG.
The LED 66a and the LED 6 of the LED device 65
LEDs 67a and 67b that are 90 ° different from 6b are illuminated.
Bright optical system 51, relay optical system 14, imaging lenses 3a, 3
b, eyepieces 4a, 4b by eyepieces 4a, 4b
An image is formed on the exit pupils 6a and 6b of b. So in this case
The operator can also perform superimposition observation of the electronic image. (Effect) In this embodiment, the operation part P
Even if the position of the eyepiece around the central axis O is changed,
The illumination light that projects the tatami image is surely guided to both eyes
Thus, bright and reliable superimposition observation is always possible. [Sixth Embodiment] Referring to FIG.
A surgical microscope according to a sixth embodiment will be described.
You. In the present embodiment, with respect to the first embodiment described above,
Light shielding means is added to the stereoscopic observation optical system, and other
The configuration is the same as in the first embodiment. FIG. 9 shows a surgical microscope.
It is explanatory drawing of the schematic structure of a mirror. (Structure) Reference numeral 70 in FIG.
The light flux between the systems 2a and 2b and the half prism 100 is selected.
It is a light shielding plate for selectively shielding light, and this light shielding plate 70
Input means such as a foot switch (not shown) and an input means (not shown)
The position indicated by the solid line in the figure and the position indicated by the broken line by the drive mechanism
71 and are movable. In addition, the transmission type
The LCD 11 has a tumor ring by the navigation device described above.
TV connected to an endoscope (not shown)
Images captured by the camera can be displayed via the switcher 30
Connected. (Operation) The surgeon observes the microscope using an operating microscope.
When attempting to observe the
Use columns. At this time, the switcher 30 is operated.
Then, the endoscope image is displayed on the LCD 11. According to this
Then, operate the foot switch (not shown) to
It is moved to the position indicated by reference numerals (71, 72). This and
The light path (one-side optical path) of the stereoscopic observation optical system
The optical system 2b) is shielded from light. For foot switch operation
In addition, only the LED 12b is turned on. Then
The surgeon views the surgical microscope image with the eyepiece 4a side (left eye).
Observation and display on the LCD 11 on the eyepiece 4b side (right eye)
Observation of the indicated endoscope image is enabled. The endoscope has two observation optical paths.
When a so-called stereoscopic endoscope is used,
Is moved to the position indicated by reference numeral 72, and
Both 2a and 12b are turned on. In this case, the surgical microscope
The microscopic image is occluded, and only the stereoscopic endoscope image with parallax is
Guided to the eyepieces 4a and 4b of the surgical microscope
Therefore, stereoscopic observation of an endoscope image can be performed. Of course, in the first embodiment described above,
As described above, the LEDs 12a and 12b to be turned on can be selected.
Depending on the image to be displayed and the observation purpose,
Various superimposed observations such as eyes, two dimensions, and three dimensions are possible.
You. (Effect) In this embodiment, one L
Easy to add light blocking means to the mirror in addition to the CD
In addition to the superimposed observation described above,
A completely different electronic image, with the image of the surgical microscope blocked
Is observable. In this embodiment, the display of the endoscope image is not described.
However, there are various types of CT and MR images, such as preoperative images.
Connect the images via a switcher,
Microscope finder for various applications depending on the situation of surgery
Can be used. The present invention is limited to the above embodiments.
However, the present invention can be applied to other forms.
According to the above description, the items listed below and the following
Items obtained by arbitrarily combining the items listed in
It is. <Supplementary Notes> (1) Objective optical system for receiving light from an object and the objective optical system
Right and left to form a light beam emitted from the system as left and right eye images
The pair of imaging optical systems and the left and right eye images are applied to the left and right eyes of the observer.
A pair of left and right eyepiece optical systems to guide each
Light modulating means and a plurality of lighting
An illumination optical system for irradiating the light modulation means with illumination light of a stage,
The electronic image generated by the light modulating means
A relay optical system that leads to an image forming position by a pair of image forming optical systems;
The position of an exit pupil by the eyepiece optical system and the illumination
Characterized in that the position of the means is arranged at a position substantially conjugate with the position of the means.
Surgical microscope. (2) Light from an object is incident on the
An objective optical system for emitting a light beam and the afocal light beam
A pair of left and right imaging optical systems that form images as left and right eye images,
A pair of left and right contacts that guide the left and right eye images to the left and right eyes of the observer, respectively.
An eye optical system, light modulating means for displaying an electronic image, and the light modulating means.
Means and illumination optical system for irradiating illumination means with illumination light
And an electronic image generated by the light modulating means.
A light guiding means for guiding light into an afocal light beam;
A relay for guiding the electronic image to an image forming position by a pair of image forming optical systems.
Operating microscope having an optical system;
The exit pupil position by the science system and the position of the illumination means are substantially conjugate.
Characterized in that it is placed at a position. (3) At least two illumination means
In addition to the above, each of the illumination means is a pair of the right and left eyepiece optical systems.
Position almost conjugate to the pair of left and right exit pupils
(1) or (2), wherein
thing. (4) At the exit pupil position of the eyepiece optical system
The projected image of the front illumination means is focused on the exit pupil diameter.
Characterized by approximately equal or less than
(1) or (2). (5) Lighting state of the two or more lighting means
(1) characterized by having control means for switching between
Or those described in (2). (6) Lighting state of the two or more lighting means
Select and switch the image displayed on the light modulation means according to
(5).
thing. (7) Light flux emitted from the objective lens
That light-shielding means for shielding part or all of
Features described in (1). (8) The objective lens or afocal
Part or all of the light beam emitted from the variable power optical system
(2) A light shielding means for shielding light is provided.
The ones listed. According to the present invention as described above,
Surgical microscope capable of superimposing an electronic image on the magnified observation image of the part
In a microscope, an electronic image is superimposed and displayed on the magnified image of the surgical site
In surgical microscopes that are capable of
The display image by the modulator is brightly and reliably superimposed.
Become like

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration of a microscope optical system of a surgical microscope according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and an electronic image displayed on a transmission type LCD superimposed on a microscope observation image. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a state showing an image formation. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which an image of a light source for illuminating a transmission LCD is formed in a microscope optical system of the surgical microscope. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a driving method of a transmission type LCD and an LED in an operating microscope according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a surgical optical system according to a third embodiment of the present invention, which is a type in which a secondary observation optical path is added to the surgical microscope according to the first embodiment; FIG. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a driving method of a transmission type LCD and an LED in a surgical microscope according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a view showing a situation within an observation field of view of an operating microscope according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a microscope optical system of a surgical microscope according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a state of an LED arranged on an illumination optical axis of the illumination optical system in a surgical microscope according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a schematic configuration of a microscope optical system of a surgical microscope according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of an example in which an optical system for displaying a superimposed image in a conventional surgical microscope is provided. [Description of Signs] 1 ... Objective lenses 3a, 3b ... A pair of left and right imaging optical systems 4a, 4b ... A pair of left and right eyepieces (eyepiece optical systems) 5a, 5b ... Imaging points 6a, 6b ... Exit pupil 11 ... Transmission LCDs (liquid crystal modulators) 12a, 12b: a pair of left and right LEDs 14: LCD relay optical system

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. An objective optical system for receiving light from an object, a pair of left and right imaging optical systems for forming a light beam emitted from the objective optical system as left and right eye images, A pair of left and right eyepiece optical systems for guiding an eye image to the left and right eyes of an observer, a light modulation unit capable of displaying an electronic image, and an electronic image generated by the light modulation unit by the pair of left and right imaging optical systems A relay optical system for guiding to an image forming position; and an illumination unit and an illumination optical system for irradiating illumination light toward the light modulation unit, wherein the exit pupil of the eyepiece optical system and the illumination unit are substantially conjugated with each other. A surgical microscope, wherein the surgical microscope is arranged in a microscope.