JP2003061411A - Direct sowing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the drainage of the soil around a sowing groove and prevent the overwetting of seeds. SOLUTION: A tine wheel 18 for forming a draining groove is coaxially attached to a rotary shaft 25 of a tine wheel 17 for forming a sowing groove. The upper parts of both tine wheels are covered with a soil guide cover 19 and an inclined guide plate 20 is placed at the back of the tine wheel 18 for draining groove. The sowing groove and the draining groove are formed parallel to each other with the tine wheel 17 and the tine wheel 18 and the soil scattered by digging the draining groove is guided to the sowing groove with the guide plate 20 to cover the sowing groove.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a direct sowing machine, and more specifically, to prevent more than necessary water from staying in a sowing groove.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a direct sowing machine which is configured to perform a series of work, in which a sowing groove is recessed in a field and seeded in the sowing groove and then the soil is covered with a single agricultural working machine, There are various things. In addition, a direct sowing machine that sows the entire field without plowing is called a no-tillage direct sowing machine.

FIG. 15 shows a conventional tractor-pulling type no-till direct sowing machine 1, in which a claw wheel 3 for cutting a sowing groove is provided between a front grounding wheel 2a of a machine body 2 and a rear crushing wheel 2b. ,
A soil guide cover 4 covering the upper side of the ratchet 3 is attached to the machine body 2, and a seed conduit 5 continuous with the seed hopper 5a is arranged behind the ratchet 3. Further, a fertilizer application hopper 6 is arranged in front of the seed hopper 5a, and a chemical application hopper 7 is provided in the rear of the seed hopper 5a, so that fertilization and application can be performed simultaneously with sowing.

The no-till direct sowing machine 1 is connected to the tractor T by a link portion Ta and is towed.
By driving the shaft Tb, the ratchet wheel 3 is rotated to form the seeding groove M in the field H. The squeeze wheel 2b is provided in the recessed seeding groove M.
After seeding the seeds fed from the seed hopper 5a by driving the seed hopper 5a through the seed conduit 5, the soil guide cover 4 guides the scattered soil dug up when the seeding groove M is recessed to cover the seeding groove M. .

Further, the applicant of the present invention discloses a no-tillage direct sowing machine 1'of FIG. 16 (A) in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-298813 in order to adjust the sowing depth. The no-till direct sowing machine 1'makes the position of the seed conduit 5'movable in the front-rear direction, and when the seed conduit 5'is moved rearward, the sowing time and the soil covering time by the ratchet wheel 3'overlap each other. Seed S on top of soil
So that the sowing depth becomes shallow. In addition,
In addition to the tractor-pulling type of the no-tillage direct sowing machine shown in FIG. 15, there is also a walking type.

[0006]

The soil covered by the seeding ditch is scattered soil that has been dug up, and is finely crushed into soft soil, so that water due to rainfall or the like can easily pass through. Therefore,
In the sowing groove covered with scattered soil, water easily flows into the ditch and accumulates, and once the water accumulates, the seeds in the seeding ditch become overly humid due to excessive moisture and adversely affect germination. There's a problem. In particular, when the seeds to be sown are soybeans and wheat, these seeds are vulnerable to overhumidity, and the incidence of poor germination increases.

Further, in the non-tilled field, the soil is hardened because it is not cultivated except for the sowing ditches, and when it rains, it flows over the hard field surface and rainwater flows into the sowing dits covered with the soft soil. In addition, it is easy and the soil around the seeding ditch is also hard to drain, so the above problem becomes more pronounced.

To solve the above problem, when the no-tillage direct sowing machine 1'of FIG. 16 (A) is used and the seed conduit 5'is moved rearward,
The position of the seed S moves upward, and it is possible to reduce the influence of water accumulated on the bottom of the groove to some extent. However, since the dug out soil that becomes the covering soil is scattered around the sowing groove, the amount of soil for covering the soil is insufficient with respect to the volume of the sowing groove M, and as shown in FIG. Has a problem of being depressed from the soil surface of the left and right fields H. With such a depression, the water W easily flows into the seeding groove M, and as a result, the amount of water accumulated in the seeding groove also increases, and even if the seeding depth is increased, the adverse effect of water is still unavoidable.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to improve the drainage property around a seeding groove to suppress the amount of water retained in the seeding groove and to secure a stable germination state. There is.

[0010]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a seedling groove claw wheel for seeding groove recessing, which rotates in a direction opposite to the wheel rotation direction when the machine body is traveling, and the seeding groove. In a direct sowing machine equipped with a soil guide cover covering the upper side of the sowing shed and a seed conduit behind the sowing sheave, the drainage groove drainage is provided coaxially with the rotating shaft of the sowing sheave. While attaching the grooved ratchet wheel, the soil guide cover extends toward the drainage grooved ratchet wheel and covers the drainage grooved ratchet wheel above, and a guide plate is provided behind the drainage grooved ratchet wheel, Provided on the machine body in a state where the lower end side is inclined so as to be located behind the seedling groove ratchet wheel, and the seeding groove and drain groove are formed in parallel with the seeding groove ratchet wheel and drain groove ratchet wheel. , The scattered soil dug up at the time of recessing the drainage groove is received by the guide plate and guided to the seeding groove to cover the seeding groove. It provides a direct seeder, characterized in that it is configured.

By providing the drain groove ratchet coaxially with the seed groove ditch wheel as described above, the drain groove can be simultaneously formed in parallel with the seed ditch formed by the seed groove ditch wheel. The water flowing into the seed groove can be blocked by the drain groove to enhance drainage around the seed groove. Further, when the soil excavated when forming these two grooves is used as the covering soil, it is possible to secure the amount of covering soil about twice that of the conventional case. Therefore, the scattered soil excavated by the drainage ditch wheel is guided rearward by the extended soil guide cover and guided to the sowing groove by the newly provided guide plate, so that the amount of soil covered by the sowing groove is sufficiently supplemented. be able to. Note that the scattered soil dug out at the time of forming the sowing groove is covered with the sowing groove as in the conventional case.

Further, since the guide plate is inclined so that the lower end side thereof is located rearward of the ratchet wheel for sowing groove, the received scattered soil can be poured from the side of the sowing groove, and sowing by the seed conduit. It does not interfere with work. In particular, when the seed is soybean or the like, since one seed is sown, it is assumed that the seed in the seeding groove seeded by the flowing soil may be skipped, but in the present invention, the guide plate covers soil from the side of the seeding groove. Since the above-mentioned problem is supplied, the above problems can be solved. The guide plate is preferably arranged at the same position or rearward of the seed conduit in order not to hinder sowing from the seed conduit more reliably.

Further, by providing the guide plate on the machine body, the guide plate can be firmly fixed and the scattered soil can be reliably guided. Also,
The lower end side of the guide plate located behind the seed groove ditch wheel, by setting a height with a gap from the soil surface,
Since rice straw and weeds remain in the soil and do not come into contact with them, there is no obstruction to the guide of scattered soil by the guide plate. The size of the guide plate, the degree of inclination with respect to the sowing groove, and the like are appropriately set according to the size of the direct seeding machine, the distance between the drain groove claw wheel and the sowing groove claw wheel, and the like.

In this way, the soil covering amount of the sowing groove becomes equal to the volume of the two grooves, so that the soil covering state of the sowing groove does not cause depression of the soil covering surface, and conversely rises above the surrounding soil surface. Can be in a state. When the soil cover surface rises,
It becomes difficult for more water than necessary to flow into the seeding groove from around the seeding groove, and in this respect also, the drainage property of the seeding groove can be improved. In addition, because there is sufficient soil cover, the soil will be hardened due to the effect of rainfall, or the soil cover surface can be prevented from being depressed from the surrounding soil surface even if the soil is crushed after the soil cover. Can be maintained.

If the drainage ratchet wheel is coaxial with the seeding groove ratchet wheel, it may be provided on either the outer side or the inner side of the seeding groove ratchet wheel according to the spacing between the seeding grooves to be set. Of course, the drainage ditch wheel and the guide plate may be provided on both sides of the seed ditch ditch wheel to further increase the amount of soil cover and improve the drainage property.

As a second aspect of the present invention, a sowing groove claw wheel for disposing a sowing groove that rotates in a direction opposite to a wheel rotation direction when the machine body is traveling, and soil covering the sowing groove claw wheel above. In a direct sowing machine including a guide cover and a seed conduit behind the seed groove ditch wheel, a drain gutter wheel for recessing a drain gutter is attached to the machine body, and the seed groove ditch wheel and drain gutter are provided. A direct sowing machine is provided, in which the seeding groove and the drainage groove are provided in parallel with each other by a nail wheel and the width and the depth of the drainage groove are set to be larger than the width and the depth of the seeding groove. There is.

With the above structure, since the width and the depth of the drain groove formed in parallel with the seed groove are larger than the width and the depth of the seed groove, the water level in the drain groove is set in the seed groove. It is possible to keep the water level lower than the water level, and the water flowing into the seed ditch can be naturally drained to the drain ditch. Therefore, a stable germination environment can be given to the seeds in the sowing groove.

Further, the direct seeder of the present invention is applicable to both a no-tillage direct sowing machine and a tillage direct sowing machine, and also to a traction type or walking type direct sowing machine such as a tractor. .

[0019]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A direct seeder according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show a tractor-pulling type no-till direct sowing machine 10 according to the first embodiment, in which a machine body 12 is provided with a front grounding wheel 12a and a rear compression wheel 12.
While being supported by b, the front of the machine body 12 is connected to the link portion Ta of the tractor T and pulled. Further, a fertilizer hopper 14 is installed above the front part of the machine body 12, a seed hopper 15 is installed above the center, and a chemical application hopper 16 is installed above the rear part, so that fertilization and drug application can be performed at the same time as the sowing operation. As shown in FIG. 2, the no-till direct sowing machine 10 has two seeding units 11 of two-row unit independently mounted on the tractor T by independent suspension so that work for four rows can be performed at one time.

A rotary shaft 25 extending in the width direction is arranged between the grounding wheel 12a and the pressure suppressing wheel 12b of each seeding unit 11, and is driven and rotated by the PTO shaft Tb of the tractor T. The claw portion 1 is provided on the inner side of the rotary shaft 25 which is lateral to the machine body 12.
7b is installed from the base portion 17a so that the seedling groove claw wheel 17 is attached, and the groove cutting claw portion 18 is provided on the end side of the rotary shaft 25.
The drainage grooved claw wheel 18 having the b protruding from the claw base portion 18a is attached to the rotary shaft 25 so as to be coaxial with the seeding groove claw wheel 17. The numbers of the claw portions 17b and the groove cutting claw portions 18b may be appropriately increased or decreased according to the situation of the field.

A large curved soil guide cover 19 provided on the machine body 12 extends in the width direction as compared with the conventional one, and extends in front of and above the sowing groove claw wheel 17 and the drain groove claw wheel 18. I'm trying to cover it. The rear portions of the sowing groove claw wheel 17 and the drain groove claw wheel 18 of the soil guide cover 19 are opened.

A seed conduit 13 is attached to the machine body 12 at the rear of the seed groove ditch wheel 17. The seed conduit 13 is a bracket 12c extending from the body 12
The mounting location can be adjusted up and down and back and forth,
Connected to the seed hopper 15 via a connection pipe 24,
By rotating the presser wheel 12b, a feeding device (not shown) under the seed hopper 15 is driven to guide the seed to the seed conduit 13 and drop the seed to the field. As shown in FIG. 3, the seed conduit 13 has the lower end opening 13a tilted backward by a required angle in order to prevent the seeding position from being displaced due to soil adhesion or inertia caused by the progress of the machine body.

On the other hand, in the rear of the drainage wheel 18 is shown in FIG.
The guide plate 20 shown in (A), (B), and (C) is also provided. The guide plate 20 is formed by bending a part of a metal plate having a required rigidity into a substantially V shape, and forming the upper end side 20a from the front end to the rear end by gradually increasing the height, and forming the front end 20c and the rear end 20d. The bottom end 20b with rounded corners is inclined so that it is located at a height higher than the soil top soil and behind the seeding groove 17, and is attached to the rear end of the soil guide cover 19 of the machine body 12 by the bracket 27. . By forming the upper end 20a of the guide plate 20 as described above, the drain groove claw wheel 1
Make sure to catch the scattered soil that is dug in a wide area by 8, and by opening the lower end side 20b from the topsoil and rounding both corners, it will not contact as much as possible with the topsoil itself and rice straw and weeds remaining on the topsoil. In addition, even if they come into contact with each other, rice straw etc. are not caught on the corners.

The detailed mounting condition of the guide plate 20 is as follows.
The machine body 12 passing through the drainage claw wheel 18 along the upper edge 20a.
It is placed near the imaginary line parallel to
Is a drainage ditch wheel 18 of each claw portion 17b of the sowing ditch wheel 17
The entire receiving surface 20e is inclined by being positioned on the rear side of the side opposite to. The front edge 20f of the guide plate 20
Is set at a position substantially the same as the position of the seed conduit 13.

Next, a no-till direct sowing operation by the above-mentioned no-till direct sowing machine 10 will be described. The fertilizer hopper 14, the seed hopper 15, and the chemical application hopper 16 are respectively filled with fertilizer, seeds, and chemicals, the no-till direct seeder 10 is pulled by the tractor T, and the rotary shaft 25 is grounded by the PTO shaft Tb.
And the compression wheel 12b is rotated in the direction opposite to the rotation direction. With this rotation, the sowing groove claw wheel 17 forms the sowing groove M in parallel, and the drainage groove claw wheel 18 forms the drainage groove Z in parallel, and the sowing groove 12b is driven to perform fertilization, sowing, and drug application while sowing grooves. Covers M.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the sowing groove M is formed by dug up the soil in the field H with the claw portion 17b of the rotating sowing groove claw wheel 17, and the dug up scattered soil. T-
1 is guided rearward along the inner peripheral surface 19b of the soil guide cover 19. In a state in which a part of the guided scattered soil T-1 covers the bottom of the sowing groove M, the seed S is sown from the seed conduit 13 whose front and rear positions are adjusted, and the remaining scattered soil T-1.
The seed ditch M is covered with soil. In this state of soil cover,
Some of the soil dug out to form the groove is scattered around the seeding groove M, so that the amount of covering soil is insufficient and the covering soil surface Fa is recessed from the surface of the surrounding field H.

On the other hand, the drain groove Z is, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the groove cutting claw portion 18b of the rotating drain wheel claw wheel 18.
The soil of the field H is dug up at, and is formed at the same time in parallel with the sowing groove M, and the dug up soil T-2 is guided rearward along the soil guide cover 19b to the receiving surface 20e of the guide plate 20. It has been scattered towards. The guide plate 20 receives the scattered soil T-2 on the receiving surface 20e, pours the received scattered soil T-2 along the inclined receiving surface 20c into the seeding groove M from the side, and further covers the seeding groove M. The surface of the soil is raised from the topsoil of the field H. In addition, scattered soil T-
When covering the sowing groove M with 2 so that it is poured from the side smoothly, seeded seeds are not blown by the cover soil, especially even in the case of single seed sowing that is easy to be skipped by the cover soil Does not occur.

Further, during the soil covering work, as shown in FIG. 4C, even if the rice straw Y remains on the surface of the field H, the rice straw Y hardly interferes with the lower end side 20b of the guide plate 20. Even if it interferes with the side 20b, the front end 20c and the rear end 20d
Since the corners are rounded, rice straw or the like does not get caught on the guide plate 20 and hinder the soil covering work. In addition, after covering the soil of the seeding groove M, the pressure is suppressed by the compression wheel 12b.

FIG. 5 shows the sowing and soil covering conditions in which the above-mentioned no-till direct sowing work has been completed, and the seed S is sowed at a position above the groove bottom of the sowing groove M. Further, since the soil excavated in the seeding groove M and the soil excavated in the drainage groove Z are combined in the soil cover F, the soil volume of the soil cover F is larger than the volume of the seed trench M, and even if the soil is suppressed. The soil covering surface Fa is higher than the surface of the surrounding field H.

In the above-mentioned seed-covering condition, the field H is rained or otherwise rained.
When the water flows in, the water W1 flowing from the left side in the drawing toward the seeding groove M flows into the drain groove Z and cannot reach the seeding groove M, and the drainage performance is improved. In addition, since the water W2 flowing from the left and right of the sowing groove M toward the sowing groove M has a raised soil cover,
It cannot proceed any further and is returned in the opposite direction, so that it is difficult for excess water to flow into the groove of the seeding groove M. Further, even if a large amount of rain or the like causes water to fall on the field H and flow into the sowing groove M and collect, the seed S is located above the groove bottom, so that the seed S is not submerged in water and the adverse effect of water is prevented.

The non-tillage direct sowing machine 10 is not limited to the above-mentioned form. For example, when the intervals between the recessed seeding grooves M are increased, the sowing groove claw wheel 17 and the drainage groove are used. The positions of the ratchet wheels 18 may be reversed, and the sowing groove ratchet wheel 17 and the drain groove ratchet wheel 18 are formed to be opposite on one side and the other side of the machine body 12. The spacing between the seeding grooves may be an intermediate dimension between the narrow and wide spacing. Normally, in the case of FIG. 2, the seeding groove spacing is about 30 cm, and when the seeding groove ratchet wheel 17 and the drainage groove ratchet wheel 18 are expanded by reversing the positions, the seeding groove ratchet wheel 17 is about 60 cm. When the drainage claw wheel 18 is not symmetrical with respect to the machine body 12 on both sides, the distance is about 45 cm, which is an intermediate dimension between these. In addition, the no-till direct sowing machine 10 can appropriately increase or decrease the number of seeding units 11 of two-row units according to the work situation, etc., so that two to eight or more seeding operations can be performed at one time. I have to.

FIG. 6 shows another non-tilled direct sowing machine 10 'of the present invention, which is a sowing unit 11-1'11-
On the inner side where the 2'faces face each other, the sowing groove claw wheel 1 which is the end of the rotary shaft 25 'of the one sowing unit 11-1'.
An intermediate drainage ditch wheel 26 'is provided only on the side of 7-1', and soil guide covers 19-1 ', 19- on both sides are provided so as to cover the drainage ditch wheel 26' above. An intermediate cover 27 'for connecting the 2'is provided.

An intermediate guide plate 28 'is provided behind the intermediate drainage ditch wheel 26'. Intermediate guide plate 28 '
As shown in FIG. 7 (A), has an inverted V shape and has receiving surfaces 28e 'and 28f' formed on both left and right sides, and is attached to the body 12-1 'via a bracket 29'. There is. Other than the above, it is the same as the non-till direct seeder 10.

The seeding work of the no-till direct seeder 10 'is performed as shown in FIG. 7 (B) inside the units facing each other.
Although the seed wheels 17-1 'and 17-2' for sowing grooves are sowed and covered with soil, the scattered soil T-4 excavated when the drain grooves Z are formed by the intermediate drain groove claw wheel 26 'is: It is guided rearward by an intermediate cover 27 '.

The guided scattered soil T-4 is the intermediate guide plate 2
It is received by 8'and distributed to the left and right, the left and right receiving surfaces 2
8e ', 28f' along the inner sowing groove claw wheel 17-
It flows into the seeding groove M formed by 1'and 17-2 'to supplement the amount of soil cover. The seeding and covering work on the outside of each unit is the same as that of the non-tillage direct sowing machine 1 described above. As described above, the no-till direct sowing machine 10 ′ of the modified example has a reduced number of drainage claw wheels and guide plates as compared to the no-till direct sowing machine 10 of FIG. 1, so that the cost is reduced. . Therefore,
In the non-tillage direct sowing machine with additional three or four sowing units, the number of drainage claw wheels and guide plates that can be reduced is increased, which is effective for cost reduction. Further, the above-mentioned non-tillage direct seeding machine 10 or 10 'can be applied to a cultivated field in addition to a non-tillable field.

The direct seeder of the present invention can be applied to the walking type direct seeder 50 shown in FIGS. 8 (A) and 8 (B), in addition to the traction type as described above. In the direct seeding machine 50, a sowing groove claw wheel 57 and a drain groove claw wheel 58 are coaxially attached to a rotary shaft 55 provided between a front ground wheel 52a and a rear drive wheel 52b of the machine body 51, and a wide width. The soil guide cover 59 extended to cover the upper side of both ratchet wheels. Further, a guide plate 60 is provided at the rear of the drainage ditch wheel 58, and the seeding and soil covering operations are the same as those of the above-mentioned no-till direct seeder 10.

9 to 14 show the second embodiment. The no-till direct seeder 10 ″ of the present embodiment does not have the drainage ratchet wheel in parallel with the seeding groove ratchet wheel 17 ″, and a large drainage ratchet wheel 32 is provided between the two seeding units 11 ″. It is independently installed on the front side of.

A rotating shaft 12d connected to the PTO shaft Tb of the tractor T is connected to one side of the transmitting portion 30 for transmitting the rotational power, and the other side of the transmitting portion 30 is connected to the drainage groove via the rotating shaft 31. The ratchet wheel 32 is connected, and the ratchet wheel 3 for the drain groove is connected.
2 is rotationally driven by obtaining power from the rotating shaft 12d independently. Further, the drainage ditch wheel 32 has a large diameter and a wide width, which makes it possible to dig a larger groove than the sowing groove claw wheel 17 ″ described later, and the dust cover 33 is provided above. It is fixedly provided to the machine body 12. In this embodiment, the drainage grooved claw wheel 32 has a large hooked nail shape in order to efficiently form a wide and deep drainage groove Z '.

A rotary shaft 25 "extends in the width direction between the grounding wheel 12a and the pressure suppressing wheel 12b of each seeding unit 11,
It is driven to rotate by a rotary shaft 12d connected to the PTO shaft Tb of the tractor T, and at both ends of the rotary shaft 25 ″,
It is provided with a sowing groove claw wheel 17 ″.
As shown in FIG. 10, the reference numeral 7 "indicates the claw portion 1 from the base portion 17a".
The soil guide cover 19 "is formed by projecting 7b" at equal intervals in the circumferential direction and having an arc shape at the top and an opening at the rear.
Is fixed to the machine body 12.

The claw portion 17b "has a shape that is warped with respect to the rotation direction (direction of the arrow in FIG. 10) of the sowing groove claw wheel 17", and is larger than the line connecting the claw portion 17b "and the rotary shaft 25". It is inclined by an angle θ.

A soil covering device 35 is provided behind the seed ditch claw wheel 17 "to receive the scattered soil Fb wound up by the seed ditch claw wheel 17" and cover the soil in the seed ditch M. . The soil covering device 35 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in (A) and (B), the upper surface plate 40d and the guide plate 3 protruding downward from the left and right ends of the upper surface plate 40d and facing each other.
6, 37, a shield plate (rubber plate) 38 disposed between the guide plates 36, 37 and having its upper end fixed to the upper surface plate 40d and swingably hanging down, and the upper surface plate 40d behind the shielding plate 32.
A short regulating plate 40e fixed to the upper surface of the upper plate 40, and a substantially triangular frame 40a protruding left and right on the upper surface of the upper plate 40.
And the support shaft portion 40 that is bridged forward between the frame portions 40a.
b, and a holding rod 40c that is bridged over the rear upper part between the frame portions 40a.

As shown in FIG. 11, the left and right guide plates 36, 37 are installed in a taper shape so that the distance between them becomes narrower as the distance between them decreases, and the distance at the lower end is approximately the width of the seeding groove M. The same. In addition, the width of the shield plate 38 also narrows accordingly, and the guide plates 36, 37 and the shield plate 38 are
A gap a is formed between In addition, regulated version 40e
Regulates the rearward swinging or turning of the shield plate 38.

The soil cover device 35 is rotatably attached to the lower frame portion 43a behind the bracket 43 fixed to the soil guide cover 19 "at the support shaft portion 40b.
Further, a stopper 41 is rotatably attached to an upper frame portion 43b behind the bracket 43 by a support shaft portion 41d. The stopper 41 is provided with a handle portion 41c at a position facing the support shaft portion 41d, and a first cutout portion 41a at the lower end side.
The second cutout portion 41b is cut out, and the holding rod 40c of the soil covering device 35 is locked to the second cutout portion 41b on the handle portion 41c side.

Further, as shown in FIG. 13, a body frame 12f projecting to the rear of the body 12 has a compression wheel frame 12g continuous with the compression wheel 12b and rotatably supported by a support shaft portion 12i. A suspension portion 46 is provided between the rear end of the frame 12f and the compression wheel frame 12g.

More specifically, the frame portion 12 in which a long hole 12h-1 is formed from the upper surface of the compression wheel frame 12g on the compression wheel 12b side.
The h is projected, the upper horizontal shaft 45c of the I-shaped metal rod 45 is pivotally attached to the rear end of the machine body frame 12f, and the lower horizontal shaft 45b is fitted in the elongated hole 12h-1 so as to be able to move up and down. By doing so, even when the vehicle body 12 floats upward during traveling, such as when the field is rough, as shown in FIG. 13C, the lower horizontal axis 45b of the metal rod 45 has the long hole 12h. By moving the inside of -1 upward, the compression wheel frame 12 is prevented from floating at the same time, so that the compression wheel 12b can always be grounded.

Next, the operation of recessing the seeding groove M, sowing, and covering soil will be described. As shown in FIG. 10, the seed ditch claw wheel 17 ″ is moved in the direction of the arrow in the drawing (the grounding wheel 12 a and the compression wheel 12).
Rotating in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of b), the claw portion 17b ″ forms the seeding groove M, and the scattered soil Fb dug up in the claw portion 17b ″ is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the soil guide cover 19 ″. It is guided and scattered to the rear soil cover device 35. At this time, since the claw portion 17b ″ is warped by the angle θ, the scattered soil Fb is sufficiently passed over the seed S dropped by the seed conduit 13 to the soil cover device 15. Can be delivered to.

The scattered soil Fb collides with the shielding plate 38 and falls, but at this time, since it is guided by the guide plates 36 and 37 arranged in a tapered shape from the left and right sides, the seeding groove in which the seed S is sown is sown. The soil can be surely covered in M.
Further, since the shielding plate 38 is formed by suspending a rubber plate, the momentum of the colliding scattered soil Fb is effectively absorbed, and the scattered soil is cornered from the gap a between the guide plates 36 and 37 and the shielding plate 38. It can be made to escape backwards without being deposited.

When the soil in the field H is moist, as shown in FIG.
As shown in 2, the soil covering device 35 is used by opening it upward. The grip portion 41c of the stopper 41 is lifted to release the engagement between the second cutout portion 41b and the holding rod 40c, and the soil covering device 3
5 is tilted around the support shaft 40b as a fulcrum, and the upper surface 40
The rear edge of d is locked to the first cutout portion 41a.

When the soil is wet, the soil covering device 35
Even if it is not used, scattered soil Fb ′ is rarely scattered in addition to the sowing groove M. Further, when the soil cover device 35 is used when the scattered soil Fb ′ is wet, the shield plate 38 is wet with the scattered soil Fb.
Since b'may stick to it, the falling soil may become intermittent. Therefore, when the soil is wet, it is possible to put the soil cover device 35 into the unused state with one touch as shown in the figure.

Further, the sowing groove claw wheel 17 "of the present embodiment
Since the claw portion 17b ″ is bent back by an angle θ, the soil excavated by the claw portion 17b ″ remains attached to the claw portion 17b ″ when the soil is moist, and does not carry over for another round. Can be scattered backwards.

According to the non-tillage direct sowing machine 10 "having the above structure,
A seeding groove M and a drain groove Z ′ as shown in FIG. 14 are formed. The width of the drain groove Z ′ recessed from the large drainage claw wheel 32 is L1, the depth is D1, and the width of the seeding groove M is L.
2 and depth is D2, L1> L2 and D1> D
There is a relationship of 2. As a preferred example, L1 = 14
cm, L2 = 4 cm, D1 = 10 cm, D2 = 1 to 7c
Set to m.

As described above, since the width L1 and the depth D1 of the drainage groove Z'are larger than the width L2 and the depth D2 of the seeding groove M, the water level of the drainage groove Z'is higher than the water level in the seeding groove M. Can be kept low, and the drainage effect in the seeding groove M can be enhanced. Therefore, the seeds S in the sowing groove M can be provided with a stable germination environment.

The position of the drainage ditch wheel 32 is not limited to the above, and may be provided coaxially with the seeding ditch wheel 17 ″. Further, the drainage ditch wheel 32 is dug up. Soil should be scattered around.

[0054]

As is apparent from the above description, the first
Using the direct sowing machine of the invention, it is possible to secure a sufficient amount of soil cover in the seed ditch, and to raise the cover soil from the surface of the field to make it difficult for water to flow into the seed ditch, so that the seeds accumulate in the ditch. It is possible to prevent a situation where germination is affected by overhumidity due to water, etc., and to secure a stable germination environment. In particular, the direct sowing machine of the present invention can be preferably used for seeds to be sown, such as soybean and wheat, which are not easily affected by water. Further, since the drainage groove is formed in parallel with the sowing groove, drainage property around the sowing groove is also improved at the same time, and more than necessary water is prevented from flowing into the sowing groove in combination with the rise of the soil cover, The adverse effect of water on the seed can be reliably prevented.

Further, the soil covering of the seeding groove by the guide plate is
Since the soil cover is supplied from the side of the sowing groove, the seeded soil can be surely covered with the seed soil without being blown off by the soil cover. Moreover, the drainage ditch wheel can be installed on either the outside or the inside of the seeding ditch wheel, depending on the form and number of connected seeding units of the direct seeding machine. By arranging in accordance with the position of the claw wheel, it is possible to cope with various field conditions and working conditions. In addition, if the amount of soil cover is supplemented between each seeding unit with one drainage claw wheel and one guide plate, the number of drainage claw wheels and guide plates can be reduced and the cost can be suppressed. In addition, the present invention can be applied to various direct sowing machines because it can be applied to a towing type and a walking type.

Alternatively, when the direct seeder of the second invention is used, since the drainage claw wheel having the width and the depth of the drainage groove larger than the width and the depth of the seeding groove is provided in the machine body, The water level in the groove can be kept lower than the water level in the seed groove, and the water flowing into the seed groove can be naturally drained to the drain groove. Therefore, it becomes possible to give a stable germination environment to the seeds in the sowing groove.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a no-till direct seeder according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the no-till direct sowing machine according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a sowing groove forming situation and a sowing soil covering situation.

FIG. 4 (A) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a drainage ditch formation state and a soil covering state, and FIG. 4 (B) is a schematic view from the rear of the guide plate,
(C) is a schematic diagram showing a state of a guide plate when passing through rice straw.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the flow of water around the seeding groove and the drain groove after the work.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a non-tillage direct sowing machine according to a modification.

FIG. 7 (A) is a perspective view of a guide plate periphery of a non-tillage direct sowing machine of a modified example, and FIG. 7 (B) is a schematic view from the rear of the guide plate.

FIG. 8 is a walk-behind direct sowing machine to which the present invention is applied,
(A) is a plan view and (B) is a side view.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of a no-till direct seeder according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a sowing groove forming situation and a sowing soil covering situation.

11A is a front view of the soil covering device, and FIG. 11B is a rear view thereof.

FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the soil covering device is opened upward.

13 (A) and 13 (C) are enlarged views of a main part showing the lifting / lowering operation of the suspension portion, and FIG. 13 (B) is a rear view.

FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a seeding groove and a drain groove after the work.

FIG. 15 is a side view of a conventional towed no-till direct seeder.

FIG. 16 (A) is a schematic view of the sowing and covering conditions of another conventional direct sowing machine, and FIG. 16 (B) is a schematic sectional view of the sowing groove after the work.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 No-till direct seeder 11 Seeding unit 12 aircraft 12a grounding wheel 12b squeeze wheel 13 seed conduit 17,17 "Seed Groove Claw Wheel 18, 32 Drain claw wheel 19 Soil guide cover 20 guide plate 20a Upper edge 20b bottom edge 20e Receiving surface 35 Soil cover device 46 Suspension section M seed groove Z, Z'drainage T tractor

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Toru Tsubomoto             Minoru 447 Shimo-shi, Sanyo-cho, Akaban-gun, Okayama Prefecture             Sangyo Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A sowing groove claw wheel for disposing a soaking groove that rotates in a direction opposite to a wheel rotation direction when the machine body is traveling, a soil guide cover covering an upper part of the sowing groove claw wheel, and the sowing. In a direct sowing machine equipped with a seed conduit behind the grooved ratchet wheel, the drainage grooved ratchet wheel for mounting the drainage groove is attached coaxially with the rotation axis of the seeding groove ratchet wheel, and the soil guide cover is used for the drainage. Extend toward the grooved ratchet wheel and cover the drainage grooved ratchet wheel above, so that a guide plate is located behind the drainage grooved ratchet wheel, and the lower end side is located behind the seeding groove ratchet wheel. It is installed on the machine in a state of being tilted to, and the seeding groove and the drainage groove are formed in parallel with the seeding groove and the drainage grooved wheel, and the scattered soil dug up when the drainage groove is recessed is used as the guide plate. A direct sowing machine characterized in that it is received by and guided to the seeding groove to cover the seeding groove. 2. A sowing groove claw wheel for disposing a soaking groove, which rotates in a direction opposite to a wheel rotation direction when the machine body is traveling, a soil guide cover covering an upper part of the sowing groove claw wheel, and the sowing. In a direct seeder equipped with a seed conduit behind the grooved ratchet, a drain grooved ratchet for recessing the drainage groove is attached to the machine body, and the seeding groove is used in the seeding groove ratchet and drainage grooved ratchet. A direct sowing machine characterized in that the drainage groove is formed in parallel and the width and depth of the drainage groove are made larger than the width and depth of the seeding groove.