JP2003052257A - Pot culturing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pot culturing apparatus always enabling supply of the most suitable amount of water because an irrigation mat prevents the drying of a degree higher than a certain level even when the water in a culturing part becomes little. SOLUTION: The apparatus for pot culturing of a plant such as petal by bottom irrigation uses a water-absorbable irrigation mat M. The apparatus comprises a culturing frame B on which a drainage conduit T performing both drainage and water pooling by opening and closing a drainage valve 3 is placed, and a water-absorbable irrigation mat M. On the culturing frame B, the irrigation mat M is laid in such a manner that water does not flow out and kept in a culturing part C having a number of pots P placed inside weirs 31, 32 formed on the whole surroundings of the culturing part C. Only a specific edge of the irrigation mat M is hanged down into the drainage conduit T on the other side of the weirs 31, 32. When the valve 3 is closed, water can be held in the drainage conduit T, and the culturing part C and the drainage conduit T are mutually communicated through infiltration due to capillary phenomenon of the irrigation mat M.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for potting plants such as flowers by bottom water supply using a watering mat which can absorb water.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art "Pool bench type cultivation device" and "C-groove type cultivation device" are known as typical conventional devices for pot cultivation of plants such as flowers by bottom water supply. As shown in FIG. 5, the former "pool bench type cultivation apparatus" is a cultivation container in which a large number of resin members are assembled in a shallow box shape to form a cultivation container 51, and water is filled inside the cultivation container 51. 51
Although a large number of pots P are placed inside and plants are cultivated by bottom water supply, the following problems have been pointed out.
(1) Since the whole bottom part of the pot P is submerged in the water (nutrient solution) W stretched in the cultivation container 51, in the cultivation state, it is easy for the cultivated plant to have excessive water, and it is difficult to supply water appropriately. . (2) The water stretched in the cultivation container 51 is completely drained at regular intervals through a drainage pipe 52 and a drainage valve 53 provided in the cultivation container 51, and replaced with new water for cultivation. Although this is being promoted, this total drainage causes the water supply channel "Mizumachi" that was formed between the soil in the pot P and the soil in the pot P to be interrupted due to drying at the bottom of the pot P during storage. Even if the water is supplied and stretched next time, it takes time until a new “water supply” is formed. For this reason,
When the plant is in the “seedling state”, it is necessary to use manual irrigation, and it takes time to irrigate (water supply). (3) Since a large number of members are assembled and formed, it takes time to assemble and the cost of the cultivation device is high.

On the other hand, the latter "C-groove type cultivation device" is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, a large number of bowls P are placed side by side on the upper surface of the water absorption trough 61 in which water (nutrient solution) W called “C channel” is stored, and the water absorption trough is placed from the bottom of each of the bowls P. The water supply cloth 62 is hung down in the water (nutrient solution) W stored in 61, and water is supplied through the water supply cloth 62. Therefore, when the water in the water suction gutter 61 is exhausted and the water supply cloth 62 dries for a certain amount or more, the “water supply” formed inside the water supply cloth 62.
Even if the water is supplied to the water suction gutter 61 and the lower end portion of the water supply cloth 62 is submerged, the water will not be supplied. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly manage the supply state of water to the water suction gutter 61 and the presence or absence of the water supply cloth 62 in each pot P, which requires time and effort for cultivation management.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention prevents an irrigation mat from drying more than a certain amount even when the amount of water stretched in a cultivation section becomes small, and makes it possible to always supply an optimum amount of water. Therefore, it is an object to provide a pot cultivation device that requires almost no troublesome irrigation management.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention described in claim 1 is an apparatus for potting plants such as flowers by bottom water supply using a watering mat capable of absorbing water. And a cultivating stand provided with a drainage gutter capable of both draining and storing water by opening and closing a drainage valve, and a watering irrigation mat capable of absorbing water. By arranging, so that the cultivation section for placing a large number of pots inside the cough is filled with water, it is laid in a still water state, and only a specific edge of the irrigation mat is the cough. Hanging over the drain gutter beyond the section, in a state in which the drain gutter can be stored by closing the valve, by the capillary phenomenon of the irrigation mat, between the cultivation part and the water storage part of the drain gutter,
The feature is that they can mutually permeate water.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the weir mat is provided around the entire circumference of the irrigation mat, the portion surrounded by the weir is lower than the weir, A cultivating section on which a large number of pots are placed is formed, and water (nutrient solution) is applied to the cultivating section to a predetermined depth to perform pot cultivation by bottom surface water supply. That is, water is absorbed in the irrigation mat, and further, a specific edge portion of the irrigation mat goes over the weir and is hung in the drain gutter.

Therefore, when the pot plant is in the growing season and needs a large amount of water, or when a large amount of water is required due to its type, the drain valve of the drain gutter is closed, Make sure that water can be stored. Thereby, when water is filled on the side of the cultivating part and the water content of the irrigation mat reaches saturation, the water in the cultivating part is drained to the drain gutter by permeation through the irrigation mat due to the capillary phenomenon. Along with the above, when the water content of the irrigation mat decreases due to drying or the like, due to the capillary phenomenon, the water stored in the drainage gutter, contrary to the above, is cultivated by the permeable water in the irrigation mat. Is supplied to. As described above, when the drain gutter is in a water storage state, depending on the residual water state of the cultivation part formed by the irrigation mat, in other words, depending on the water content of the irrigation mat, the cultivation part and the drain gutter are It becomes a structure in which water permeates mutually between and. As a result, potted plants that are bottom-fed in the cultivating section do not have excessive water content, and at the same time, even if the appearance seems to be dry because there is no water in the cultivating section, drainage gutters are placed in the watering mat. The water content of the irrigation mat increases due to the permeation of water through the cultivation section to the bottom of the potted plant.
As a result, the irrigation management labor is significantly reduced as compared with the conventional cultivation device.

Here, even if the cultivated part is in a dry state in appearance, the reason why water can be absorbed by the above-mentioned phenomenon is that permeation water can be passed between the cultivated part and the drain gutter in the watering mat. This is because the irrigation mat always contains a certain amount of water, and the "water supply" formed between the irrigation mat and the soil in the pot is not interrupted by the drying. .

On the other hand, when the potted plant is in a seedling state or of a type that requires a small amount of water, it is preferable that the amount of water supplied is small. Therefore, in such a case, the drain valve is closed so that the water exuding from the irrigation mat is not stored in the drain gutter but drained as it is.

The invention of claim 2 is based on the invention of claim 1, in which the upper surface of the drain gutter provided on the cultivation stand and the upper surface of the irrigation mat are substantially at the same height. Is characterized by.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, due to the capillarity, the rising resistance when the water is permeable through the cultivating part and the drain gutter in both directions in the irrigation mat (the resistance when the water is permeable through the upper direction). In the case of (1), the height of the coughs provided around the entire circumference of the watering mat is sufficient, so that the ascending resistance is minimized and the permeation water flow is facilitated.

The invention of claim 3 is the same as claim 1 or 2
On the premise of the invention described above, a light shielding sheet is arranged below the water blocking sheet arranged below the watering mat.

According to the invention of claim 3, the irrigation mat comprises:
A light-shielding sheet having innumerable water-passing holes is stacked on the upper surface of the sheet to shield light from above, and in addition to this, it is shielded from below so that unnecessary substances such as algae are generated in the irrigation mat. This prevents the irrigation mat from exhibiting its original function of permeating water.

The invention according to claim 4 is based on the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the drainage gutter is provided in a central portion in the width direction of the cultivation stand along the longitudinal direction thereof. Each of the irrigation mats laid on both sides of the drainage gutter is characterized in that the edge portions on the drainage gutter side are both hanging down to the drainage gutter. According to this configuration, 1
The irrigation mats can be placed on both sides of the drain gutter of the book, and the drain gutter can be shared.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to embodiments. 1 is a front view of the cultivation stand B, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a state in which a watering mat M is laid on the upper surface of the cultivation stand B, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. Yes, FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 to 3, the cultivation platform B has a configuration in which a potting platform 2 is horizontally supported by a large number of legs 1 whose height can be adjusted, and a C channel is provided at the center in the width direction. A drainage gutter T configured is provided over the entire length, and a drainage pipe 4 having a drainage valve 3 is provided at the lowest part of one end of the drainage gutter T. Gutter T
The water in the inside can be drained, or the water exuded by permeating the inside of the irrigation mat M described later can be stored. The bowl rest 2 has a structure in which two kinds of support materials are assembled vertically and horizontally and a wire mesh member 6 (see FIG. 2) is attached to the upper surface of the frame body 5. In FIG. 1, 7 and 8 are the leg body 1 and the frame body 5.
2 shows a reinforcing member in which the supporting member constituting the above is obliquely arranged and connected.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the watering mat M has a structure capable of absorbing water, which is made of a resin fiber non-woven fabric. A light shielding sheet S ₁ and a water blocking sheet S ₂ each having a water passage hole are arranged, and further, a light shielding sheet S ₃ is arranged on the lower surface of the water blocking sheet S ₂ . The water blocking sheet S ₂ is, of course, a sheet for allowing water of a predetermined depth to be stretched by its water blocking action, and each of the light shielding sheets S ₁ and S ₃ is on the watering mat M, respectively. The lower surface is shielded from light to prevent or suppress the generation of algae or the like.
The irrigation mat M and each of the sheets S _{1 to} S ₃ are cut into a rectangular shape corresponding to the width and length of the pot stand 2 of the cultivation stand B. It is to be noted that a state in which one light-shielding sheet S ₁ is superposed on the upper surface of the irrigation mat M and the water-stop sheet S ₂ and the light-shielding sheet S ₃ are superposed on the lower surface thereof is defined as “cultivation sheet M ₀ ”.

The cultivating part for potted plants is formed on the upper surface of the potting stand 2 of the cultivating stand B as follows. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, pipe-shaped weir forming members 11, respectively on both sides of the drain gutter T provided along the longitudinal direction at the center of the bowl rest 2 in the width direction,
12 is used to lay the watering mat M to form a potted plant cultivation part C. That is, the cough forming members 11 and 12 have different lengths, and by arranging the longer cough forming member 11 along the drain gutter T, a total of four cough forming members, two each. 11 and 12 are arranged and fixed in a square shape, and one specific straight edge of the irrigation mat M, and the sheets S ₁ to S ₁ laid on the upper and lower surfaces thereof.
A portion having a predetermined width from all the straight edge portions of S ₃ to the inner side is placed on the upper surface of each cough forming member 11 and 12 and hung down to the outer side of each cough forming member 11 and 12. . Thereby, each cough forming member 1 arranged in a rectangular shape
The cough forming member 1 is provided on the inner side of the rectangular portions 1 and 12.
A cultivation part C is formed which is lower than the cough parts 31 and 32 formed of 1 and 12 and can be filled with water. In addition, a plurality of cultivation parts C are formed on each of the cultivation stands B on both sides of the drainage gutter T arranged in the center in the width direction.

Here, as shown in FIG. 4, with respect to the irrigation mat M, only a portion having a predetermined width from the straight edge on the drain gutter T side toward the inside exceeds the cough forming member 11, It is hung down to the outside and immersed in the water (nutrient solution) W stored in the drainage gutter T, but the remaining three straight line edges are respectively formed on the cough forming members 11 and 12. Each cough forming member 1 which is disposed in close proximity to the inside of the cough forming member 1
It does not exceed 1,12. In addition, the relative height relationship between the irrigation mat M and the drain gutter T is such that the cultivating part C and the drain gutter T are permeable to each other by capillarity so that the drain gutter T can be permeable to each other. It is preferable that the upper surface of the irrigation mat and the upper surface of the irrigation mat M have substantially the same height. The four straight line edges of each of the sheets S _{1 to} S ₃ are arranged beyond the respective cuff forming members 11 and 12.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the cultivation stand B
A tank 13 for storing water (nutrient solution) W to be supplied to the cultivation part C formed by the cough forming members 11 and 12 and the irrigation mat M is arranged at one end in the width direction of the tank. The water in 13 passes through the first water supply pipe 14 whose lower end is inserted into the tank 13 and the second water supply pipes 16 arranged on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the bowl mount 2 to the first water supply pipe. By the action of the pump 15 incorporated in the middle of 14, it is configured to supply to each of the cultivation parts C. 2 and 3, reference numeral 17 denotes a branch pipe (faucet pipe) for branching the supplied water from the second water supply pipe 16 to each cultivation part C.

Then, using the pot cultivation apparatus having the above-mentioned structure, pot cultivation of plants such as flowers is carried out as follows. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a large number of pots P are provided in each cultivation part C formed on both sides of the drain gutter T of the cultivation stand B.
Is placed vertically and horizontally, and the water in the tank 13 is supplied to each cultivating section C by the action of the pump 15 and each cultivating section C is filled with a predetermined depth of water. The pot P in the illustrated example has a structure in which the entire bottom surface is in close contact with the watering mat M, and a water supply hole 21 (see FIG. 4) is provided in the center of the bottom. However, in the pot used for bottom water supply cultivation, in addition to the above-mentioned one, in the peripheral edge of the bottom portion, across the bottom plate portion and the peripheral wall portion,
The one provided with a large number of slit-like water supply holes along the circumferential direction, and having one or a plurality of legs on the peripheral edge of its bottom, the bottom surface of which does not adhere to the irrigation mat M and the water supply of the bottom plate portion. There are things such as hanging a water supply cloth from the hole to supply water.
In the present invention, any pot can be used.

Here, the pot plant is in a “seedling state”,
Alternatively, in the case of a type that requires a small amount of water, the amount of water supplied is preferably small. Therefore, drain pipe 4
The drainage valve 3 incorporated in is opened so that the water flowing out from the irrigation mat M is not stored in the drainage gutter T but is discharged as it is. That is, the water stored in the cultivating section C is supplied to the root of the plant A of the pot P through the water supply hole 21 at the bottom of the pot P and the soil 22 in the pot P while being supplied to the bottom surface, When water is absorbed by the irrigation mat M due to a capillary phenomenon and its water content reaches saturation, the water oozes out from the hanging part Ma to the drain gutter T and is drained from the drain gutter T.

On the other hand, when the pot plant is in the growing season and needs a large amount of water, or when a large amount of water is required due to its type, a drain valve incorporated in the drain pipe 4 is used. 3 is closed so that the water flowing out from the watering mat M is stored in the drain gutter T. This allows
When the amount of water stretched over the cultivating section C is large, the water is absorbed by the irrigation mat M due to the capillary phenomenon, the water content reaches saturation, and the permeable water permeates from the cultivating section C toward the discharge trough T. ,
The drain gutter T oozes out from the hanging part Ma against the drain gutter T.
When the amount of the stored water exceeds a predetermined amount, the drooping part Ma of the irrigation mat M causes the water W ′ stored in the drain gutter T.
Be immersed in.

When the water content of the cultivating section C is reduced and the water content of the irrigation mat M is reduced, the water content of the water irrigation mat M is reduced. The water W'stored in the water is absorbed by the irrigation mat M, and in the irrigation mat M,
The water content of the irrigation mat M on which a large number of pots P are placed is increased by permeating water from the drain gutter T toward the cultivation section C, and as a result, the drying of the irrigation mat M is suppressed and the pot plant It is possible to supply water to. That is, in terms of appearance, the cultivation part C
Even if the plant is dried and is not being supplied to the bottom of the pot plant, the irrigation mat M absorbs the water stored in the drain gutter T, and the inside is cultivated from the drain gutter T. Since water permeates toward the side of the portion C, it is possible to supply water from the bottom to pot plants.

In this way, when the amount of water stored in the cultivating section C decreases and the water content of the irrigation mat M decreases,
Since the watering mat M absorbs the water W ′ stored in the drain gutter T, it is not excessively dried. That is, when the watering mat M is excessively dried, the watering mat M and the pot P
The "water supply" is reproduced even when the "water supply", which is the passage of water formed between the soil and the soil 22 inside, is cut off and the irrigation mat M absorbs water to increase its water content. However, in the present invention, the irrigation mat M
Since the water is not excessively dried, the “water supply” is secured, and the increase in the water content of the irrigation mat M causes the “water supply” to be increased.
The soil 22 in the pot P is supplied with water.

The water stored in the drain gutter T for a long period of time is preferably drained to store new water for cultivation.

When the pot cultivation device according to the present invention is installed and used on the roof of a building, in addition to the general effect that the roof of the building is greened, when the valve of the drain gutter is closed and used. When rainwater is stored in the drain gutter and the water content of the irrigation mat is reduced, the rainwater stored in the drain gutter has the unique effect of irrigating. In addition, if the plant is installed in a place where plants are displayed and sold, such as in a flower shop or a home center, when the water content of the irrigation mat decreases, the water stored in the drainage gutters is used for bottom watering and irrigation. Is wilted due to lack of water,
There is no problem that the product value is reduced, and it can always be displayed in the most attractive and valuable state, and it does not require the clerk to regularly irrigate like the conventional cultivation equipment. The troublesome irrigation management is almost unnecessary.

[0027]

The pot cultivation apparatus according to the present invention comprises a cultivation stand provided with a drainage gutter capable of both draining and storing water by opening and closing a drainage valve, and a watering irrigation mat. The irrigation mat is laid in a water-stop state so that the irrigation mat can be filled with water by arranging a weir in the entire circumference of the irrigation mat so that water can be filled in the cultivation section in which a large number of pots are placed inside the weir. Only a specific edge portion of the mat is hung down to the drain gutter beyond the weir, and in the state where the valve is closed and the drain gutter can store water, by the capillary phenomenon of the irrigation mat, the cultivation part is Since it is configured so that water can be mutually permeated between the water storage part of the drainage gutter and the water storage part of the drainage gutter, the irrigation mat does not dry more than a certain amount even when the amount of water stretched in the cultivation part decreases. Is prevented and Is to, at all times, it is possible the optimum amount of water supply. As a result, irrigation management is almost unnecessary as compared with the conventional cultivation device.

Further, the pot cultivation apparatus according to the present invention has a smaller number of members required for its implementation as compared with the conventional "pool bench type cultivation apparatus", and the assembling thereof is easy, so that the cost is low. Can be implemented.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a cultivation stand B. FIG.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state in which an irrigation mat M is laid on the upper surface of a cultivation stand B.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a pool bench type cultivation apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a C-groove type cultivation device.

[Explanation of symbols]

B: Cultivation stand C: Cultivation part M: Irrigation mat S ₁ , S ₃ : Light-shielding sheet S ₂ : Water stop sheet T: Drain gutter W: Water (nutrient solution) W ': Water stored in drain gutter 3: Drain Valves 11 and 12: Weir forming members 31 and 32: Weir

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A device for potted cultivation of plants such as flowers by bottom water supply using a water-absorbing irrigation mat, which is provided with a drain gutter capable of both draining and storing water by opening and closing a drain valve. A pedestal and a watering mat capable of absorbing water, the irrigation mat on the cultivating pedestal, by providing a weir on the entire circumference thereof, in a cultivating unit for mounting a large number of pots inside the weir It is laid in a still state so that water can be spread, and only a specific edge of the irrigation mat is
Between the cultivating part and the water storage part of the drain gutter due to the capillary phenomenon of the irrigation mat in a state in which the drain gutter is hung down beyond the weir, and the valve is closed to store the drain gutter. 2. A pot cultivation device, characterized in that they can mutually permeate water. 2. The pot cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an upper surface of the drain gutter provided on the cultivation stand and an upper surface of the irrigation mat have substantially the same height. 3. The pot cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a light shielding sheet is further arranged below the water blocking sheet arranged below the watering mat. 4. The drain gutter is provided along the longitudinal direction at the center of the cultivation frame in the width direction, and the edge of each irrigation mat on the drain gutter side is laid on both sides of the drain gutter. The pot cultivation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein all the parts hang down on the drain gutter.