JP2002538106A5 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number

JP2002538106A5

JP2002538106A5 JP2000602054A JP2000602054A JP2002538106A5 JP 2002538106 A5 JP2002538106 A5 JP 2002538106A5 JP 2000602054 A JP2000602054 A JP 2000602054A JP 2000602054 A JP2000602054 A JP 2000602054A JP 2002538106 A5 JP2002538106 A5 JP 2002538106A5

Authority

JP

Japan

Prior art keywords

isovaleramide

spasticity

acid

compounds

seizures

Prior art date

2000-03-01

Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)

Pending

Links

• Espacenet
• Global Dossier
• Discuss

• 206010010904 Convulsion Diseases 0.000 description 89
• 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 88
• SANOUVWGPVYVAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleramide Chemical compound CC(C)CC(N)=O SANOUVWGPVYVAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 79
• 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 60
• 208000008238 Muscle Spasticity Diseases 0.000 description 56
• 208000018198 spasticity Diseases 0.000 description 56
• 239000001961 anticonvulsive agent Substances 0.000 description 52
• 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 52
• GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-methyl-butyric acid Natural products CC(C)CC(O)=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
• GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 3-Methylbutanoic acid Natural products CC(C)CC([O-])=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 39
• 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 39
• 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 37
• XYHKNCXZYYTLRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-imidazole-2-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=NC=CN1 XYHKNCXZYYTLRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
• 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 35
• 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 34
• 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 33
• 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 30
• 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 28
• 206010015037 epilepsy Diseases 0.000 description 27
• 230000001773 anti-convulsant effect Effects 0.000 description 26
• 210000003169 central nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 24
• 229960003965 antiepileptics Drugs 0.000 description 23
• 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 21
• PPXUHEORWJQRHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl isovalerate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)C PPXUHEORWJQRHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
• 241000792914 Valeriana Species 0.000 description 19
• 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 19
• AEQFSUDEHCCHBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium valproate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCC(C([O-])=O)CCC AEQFSUDEHCCHBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 19
• 229940125681 anticonvulsant agent Drugs 0.000 description 18
• 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 18
• 235000017468 valeriana Nutrition 0.000 description 18
• 208000019022 Mood disease Diseases 0.000 description 17
• 206010038743 Restlessness Diseases 0.000 description 17
• 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 17
• 229940102566 valproate Drugs 0.000 description 17
• 208000005392 Spasm Diseases 0.000 description 16
• 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 16
• 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
• 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 16
• 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 16
• 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 15
• 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 15
• -1 2,4-dimethylisovaleramide 3,4-dimethylisovaleramide Chemical compound 0.000 description 14
• DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
• 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 14
• 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 14
• 208000006011 Stroke Diseases 0.000 description 12
• 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 12
• 229960003692 gamma aminobutyric acid Drugs 0.000 description 12
• BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-aminobutyric acid Chemical compound NCCCC(O)=O BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
• 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 12
• 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 12
• 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 12
• 208000011117 substance-related disease Diseases 0.000 description 12
• 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 11
• 208000001431 Psychomotor Agitation Diseases 0.000 description 11
• 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 11
• 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 11
• 210000000278 spinal cord Anatomy 0.000 description 11
• 206010001497 Agitation Diseases 0.000 description 10
• LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
• 208000007101 Muscle Cramp Diseases 0.000 description 10
• 206010039897 Sedation Diseases 0.000 description 10
• 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 10
• 230000002964 excitative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
• 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 10
• 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 10
• 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 10
• 230000036280 sedation Effects 0.000 description 10
• 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
• 206010019233 Headaches Diseases 0.000 description 9
• 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 9
• 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 9
• 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 9
• 230000002996 emotional effect Effects 0.000 description 9
• 230000000324 neuroprotective effect Effects 0.000 description 9
• 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
• 201000009032 substance abuse Diseases 0.000 description 9
• 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 description 9
• 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 9
• 241000557626 Corvus corax Species 0.000 description 8
• PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
• 206010043275 Teratogenicity Diseases 0.000 description 8
• 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 8
• 230000003542 behavioural effect Effects 0.000 description 8
• 229940049706 benzodiazepine Drugs 0.000 description 8
• 230000002490 cerebral effect Effects 0.000 description 8
• ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N cocaine Chemical compound O([C@H]1C[C@@H]2CC[C@@H](N2C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N 0.000 description 8
• 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 8
• 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 8
• 231100000869 headache Toxicity 0.000 description 8
• 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 8
• 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 8
• 230000001148 spastic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
• 231100000736 substance abuse Toxicity 0.000 description 8
• 231100000211 teratogenicity Toxicity 0.000 description 8
• XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
• 206010009346 Clonus Diseases 0.000 description 7
• 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 7
• 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 7
• 208000010428 Muscle Weakness Diseases 0.000 description 7
• 206010028372 Muscular weakness Diseases 0.000 description 7
• 230000003556 anti-epileptic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
• 235000019788 craving Nutrition 0.000 description 7
• AAOVKJBEBIDNHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazepam Chemical compound N=1CC(=O)N(C)C2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1 AAOVKJBEBIDNHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
• 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 7
• 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 7
• 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
• 208000004296 neuralgia Diseases 0.000 description 7
• 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
• 230000007958 sleep Effects 0.000 description 7
• 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
• 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 7
• 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 7
• 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 description 7
• QHNHAWNULKRVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanamide Chemical compound CC(C)(O)CC(N)=O QHNHAWNULKRVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• KPYSYYIEGFHWSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Baclofen Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(CN)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 KPYSYYIEGFHWSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• 244000025221 Humulus lupulus Species 0.000 description 6
• 235000008694 Humulus lupulus Nutrition 0.000 description 6
• 208000016285 Movement disease Diseases 0.000 description 6
• 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
• 229960000794 baclofen Drugs 0.000 description 6
• 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 6
• 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
• 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
• 230000002920 convulsive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
• NIJJYAXOARWZEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-n-propyl-acetic acid Natural products CCCC(C(O)=O)CCC NIJJYAXOARWZEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• 229960003529 diazepam Drugs 0.000 description 6
• 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 6
• 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
• 208000021722 neuropathic pain Diseases 0.000 description 6
• 230000036407 pain Effects 0.000 description 6
• 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
• MSRILKIQRXUYCT-UHFFFAOYSA-M valproate semisodium Chemical compound [Na+].CCCC(C(O)=O)CCC.CCCC(C([O-])=O)CCC MSRILKIQRXUYCT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
• RUBTXJHNGCJRGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3-trimethylpentanamide Chemical compound CCC(C)C(C)(C)C(N)=O RUBTXJHNGCJRGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
• WQBCZTUSIWRNDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbutanamide Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)C(N)=O WQBCZTUSIWRNDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
• IWEYZXWPWNBRLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropane-1-sulfonamide Chemical compound CC(C)CS(N)(=O)=O IWEYZXWPWNBRLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
• BRUZQRBVNRKLJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl carbamate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(N)=O BRUZQRBVNRKLJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
• DRIVYJITCPWHBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-3-methylbutanamide Chemical compound OCC(C)CC(N)=O DRIVYJITCPWHBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
• 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
• 206010019851 Hepatotoxicity Diseases 0.000 description 5
• 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 5
• 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 5
• 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
• 150000001557 benzodiazepines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
• 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 5
• 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 5
• 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
• 206010013663 drug dependence Diseases 0.000 description 5
• 230000007686 hepatotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 5
• 231100000304 hepatotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 5
• 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 5
• 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
• 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 5
• 201000006417 multiple sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 5
• 201000001119 neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 5
• 230000007823 neuropathy Effects 0.000 description 5
• 239000006186 oral dosage form Substances 0.000 description 5
• OVPLZYJGTGDFNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl carbamate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(N)=O OVPLZYJGTGDFNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
• 230000028527 righting reflex Effects 0.000 description 5
• 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 5
• 229960000604 valproic acid Drugs 0.000 description 5
• IQQOKNDVBQTTAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropylsulfamic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CNS(O)(=O)=O IQQOKNDVBQTTAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• BHCVWPVYBPQCLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamide Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CC(N)=O BHCVWPVYBPQCLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• 208000000187 Abnormal Reflex Diseases 0.000 description 4
• CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
• 208000014644 Brain disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
• UGJMXCAKCUNAIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gabapentin Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1(CN)CCCCC1 UGJMXCAKCUNAIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Geraniol Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCO GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• 206010021118 Hypotonia Diseases 0.000 description 4
• XINCECQTMHSORG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoamyl isovalerate Chemical compound CC(C)CCOC(=O)CC(C)C XINCECQTMHSORG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• 208000019695 Migraine disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
• 206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 description 4
• 244000126014 Valeriana officinalis Species 0.000 description 4
• 244000071378 Viburnum opulus Species 0.000 description 4
• 235000019013 Viburnum opulus Nutrition 0.000 description 4
• 230000000202 analgesic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
• 229960000623 carbamazepine Drugs 0.000 description 4
• FFGPTBGBLSHEPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamazepine Chemical compound C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2N(C(=O)N)C2=CC=CC=C21 FFGPTBGBLSHEPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• 150000004657 carbamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
• 229960003920 cocaine Drugs 0.000 description 4
• 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 description 4
• 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
• 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
• 230000003371 gabaergic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
• 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 4
• 230000035859 hyperreflexia Effects 0.000 description 4
• 206010020745 hyperreflexia Diseases 0.000 description 4
• 230000009539 inhibitory neurotransmission Effects 0.000 description 4
• HZGMZSCMYSGJTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid triglyceride Natural products CC(C)CC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CC(C)C)COC(=O)CC(C)C HZGMZSCMYSGJTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
• 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
• 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 4
• 206010027599 migraine Diseases 0.000 description 4
• ZJQHPWUVQPJPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N muscimol Chemical compound NCC1=CC(=O)NO1 ZJQHPWUVQPJPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• 210000002741 palatine tonsil Anatomy 0.000 description 4
• 208000033808 peripheral neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 4
• JWQSOOZHYMZRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-ylsulfamic acid Chemical compound CC(C)NS(O)(=O)=O JWQSOOZHYMZRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxine Chemical compound CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• 230000001624 sedative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
• 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
• 208000020431 spinal cord injury Diseases 0.000 description 4
• 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
• 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
• 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 4
• SVUOLADPCWQTTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-1,2-benzodiazepine Chemical compound N1N=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 SVUOLADPCWQTTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• WXVBAUOIPSBUQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3-trimethylbutanamide Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)(C)C(N)=O WXVBAUOIPSBUQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• ZGGBHZGLQCFMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3-trimethylbutanamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C(C)C(C)(C)C ZGGBHZGLQCFMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• WQPHBKCACJYXGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanamide Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)C(N)=O WQPHBKCACJYXGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• LINZZISWCNKFEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-dimethylbutanamide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(N)=O LINZZISWCNKFEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• GTEXJHWORUNPND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-dimethylpentanamide Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)CC(N)=O GTEXJHWORUNPND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• SIMLCFANWCDGAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpentanamide Chemical compound CCC(C)CC(N)=O SIMLCFANWCDGAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 208000020925 Bipolar disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 206010013654 Drug abuse Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 208000012661 Dyskinesia Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 208000024658 Epilepsy syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 208000002877 Epileptic Syndromes Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 206010019196 Head injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 206010026749 Mania Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 208000007379 Muscle Hypotonia Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 208000012902 Nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 208000025966 Neurological disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 206010033799 Paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 208000018737 Parkinson disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
• ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 208000005793 Restless legs syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 238000000692 Student's t-test Methods 0.000 description 3
• 208000007271 Substance Withdrawal Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 3
• 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
• 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
• RKCHCKMAQPJXBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium isovalerate Chemical compound N.CC(C)CC(O)=O RKCHCKMAQPJXBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 3
• 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
• 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
• 208000029028 brain injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 230000007278 cognition impairment Effects 0.000 description 3
• 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
• GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-alpha-tocopherol Natural products OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 3
• 231100000673 dose–response relationship Toxicity 0.000 description 3
• 210000003194 forelimb Anatomy 0.000 description 3
• 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
• 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 description 3
• 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 3
• 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 3
• 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
• 238000007912 intraperitoneal administration Methods 0.000 description 3
• 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 3
• 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
• 229930003658 monoterpene Natural products 0.000 description 3
• 238000010172 mouse model Methods 0.000 description 3
• 239000002858 neurotransmitter agent Substances 0.000 description 3
• 239000000932 sedative agent Substances 0.000 description 3
• NLQLSVXGSXCXFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sitosterol Natural products CC=C(/CCC(C)C1CC2C3=CCC4C(C)C(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC2(C)C1)C(C)C NLQLSVXGSXCXFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
• 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
• IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamic acid Chemical class NS(O)(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 3
• 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
• 230000003390 teratogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
• 229940098465 tincture Drugs 0.000 description 3
• 230000001256 tonic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
• 231100000027 toxicology Toxicity 0.000 description 3
• 229940068146 valepotriate Drugs 0.000 description 3
• BDIAUFOIMFAIPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N valepotriate Natural products CC(C)CC(=O)OC1C=C(C(=COC2OC(=O)CC(C)C)COC(C)=O)C2C11CO1 BDIAUFOIMFAIPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
• KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WPRPVWTQSA-N (-)-ephedrine Chemical compound CN[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WPRPVWTQSA-N 0.000 description 2
• GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N (D)-(+)-Pantothenic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 2
• HRBAJVQRJUTNMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylpentanamide Chemical compound CCC(C)C(C)C(N)=O HRBAJVQRJUTNMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(cyclohexen-1-yl)cyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1C1=CCCCC1 GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• HJRDWZDREUWADS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbutanoyl 2-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound CC(C)CC(=O)OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O HJRDWZDREUWADS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• PRUMMFPRJSEJJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-morpholin-4-yl-3-nitroaniline Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC(N)=CC=C1N1CCOCC1 PRUMMFPRJSEJJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 206010000117 Abnormal behaviour Diseases 0.000 description 2
• QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
• 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 2
• 101150065749 Churc1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
• 208000033001 Complex partial seizures Diseases 0.000 description 2
• RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 206010012239 Delusion Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 2
• 229940122459 Glutamate antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 102000011714 Glycine Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 2
• 108010076533 Glycine Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 2
• 208000023105 Huntington disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 208000013016 Hypoglycemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
• DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
• 108090000862 Ion Channels Proteins 0.000 description 2
• 102000004310 Ion Channels Human genes 0.000 description 2
• MPYYVGIJHREDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isovaleriansaeure-isobornylester Natural products C1CC2(C)C(OC(=O)CC(C)C)CC1C2(C)C MPYYVGIJHREDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• YQEZLKZALYSWHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ketamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(Cl)C=1C1(NC)CCCCC1=O YQEZLKZALYSWHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 2
• WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl 3-methylbutanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(C)C OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 206010061296 Motor dysfunction Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 206010050031 Muscle strain Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 206010052904 Musculoskeletal stiffness Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 208000000112 Myalgia Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 208000033952 Paralysis flaccid Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 208000037158 Partial Epilepsies Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 206010061334 Partial seizures Diseases 0.000 description 2
• ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 102100038239 Protein Churchill Human genes 0.000 description 2
• REFJWTPEDVJJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quercetin Chemical compound C=1C(O)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2O)=O)C=1OC=2C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 REFJWTPEDVJJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 206010040703 Simple partial seizures Diseases 0.000 description 2
• FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
• 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
• 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
• 235000013832 Valeriana officinalis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• BDIAUFOIMFAIPU-KVJIRVJXSA-N Valtratum Chemical compound C([C@]12[C@@H]3C(C(=CO[C@H]3OC(=O)CC(C)C)COC(C)=O)=C[C@@H]1OC(=O)CC(C)C)O2 BDIAUFOIMFAIPU-KVJIRVJXSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 240000002715 Viburnum prunifolium Species 0.000 description 2
• 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
• 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
• 230000016571 aggressive behavior Effects 0.000 description 2
• 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
• 230000036626 alertness Effects 0.000 description 2
• 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 2
• 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
• VREFGVBLTWBCJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alprazolam Chemical compound C12=CC(Cl)=CC=C2N2C(C)=NN=C2CN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VREFGVBLTWBCJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 230000037005 anaesthesia Effects 0.000 description 2
• 230000001663 anti-spastic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 2
• 230000000949 anxiolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
• 230000037007 arousal Effects 0.000 description 2
• 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
• 210000004227 basal ganglia Anatomy 0.000 description 2
• 229940076810 beta sitosterol Drugs 0.000 description 2
• LGJMUZUPVCAVPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-Sitostanol Natural products C1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)CCC(CC)C(C)C)C1(C)CC2 LGJMUZUPVCAVPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• NJKOMDUNNDKEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-sitosterol Natural products CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2(C)C3CC=C4CC(O)CCC4C3CCC12C)C(C)C NJKOMDUNNDKEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
• 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
• 230000006931 brain damage Effects 0.000 description 2
• 231100000874 brain damage Toxicity 0.000 description 2
• 125000006297 carbonyl amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:2])C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
• 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
• 210000001638 cerebellum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
• 206010008129 cerebral palsy Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 239000012707 chemical precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
• 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 239000003179 convulsant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
• KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-ephedrine Natural products CNC(C)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 231100000868 delusion Toxicity 0.000 description 2
• KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N deoxycholic acid Natural products C1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(CCC(O)=O)C)C1(C)C(O)C2 KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dopamine Chemical compound NCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 238000002651 drug therapy Methods 0.000 description 2
• 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 239000002662 enteric coated tablet Substances 0.000 description 2
• 230000001037 epileptic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• RRAFCDWBNXTKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N eugenol Chemical compound COC1=CC(CC=C)=CC=C1O RRAFCDWBNXTKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
• 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
• 210000003414 extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 2
• 206010016256 fatigue Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 208000028331 flaccid paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
• 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 229960002870 gabapentin Drugs 0.000 description 2
• LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
• 229930195712 glutamate Natural products 0.000 description 2
• 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 239000000399 hydroalcoholic extract Substances 0.000 description 2
• 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
• 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
• 230000002218 hypoglycaemic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 2
• 230000000302 ischemic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 229950003188 isovaleryl diethylamide Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 229960003299 ketamine Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 230000001535 kindling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• CDOSHBSSFJOMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N linalool Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)(O)C=C CDOSHBSSFJOMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium diisopropylamide Chemical compound [Li+].CC(C)[N-]C(C)C ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 238000009136 lithium therapy Methods 0.000 description 2
• 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 2
• 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
• 208000013465 muscle pain Diseases 0.000 description 2
• GFWZPTGIVKRQNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,3-dimethylbutanamide Chemical compound CNC(=O)CC(C)C GFWZPTGIVKRQNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• LVQDLURAEDSMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,3-trimethylbutanamide Chemical compound CC(C)CC(=O)N(C)C LVQDLURAEDSMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 2
• 230000004770 neurodegeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
• 208000015122 neurodegenerative disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 239000003176 neuroleptic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
• 230000002981 neuropathic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 239000004090 neuroprotective agent Substances 0.000 description 2
• 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
• 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C(Cl)=O CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 229960005489 paracetamol Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 2
• 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 2
• 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
• 229940068065 phytosterols Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 230000002980 postoperative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
• 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
• 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
• 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
• 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
• 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 2
• 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 description 2
• 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
• 201000005070 reflex epilepsy Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
• 238000010825 rotarod performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
• 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
• KZJWDPNRJALLNS-VJSFXXLFSA-N sitosterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CC[C@@H](CC)C(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 KZJWDPNRJALLNS-VJSFXXLFSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 229950005143 sitosterol Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 210000002027 skeletal muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
• 230000003860 sleep quality Effects 0.000 description 2
• 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
• 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
• 229940084026 sodium valproate Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 238000013222 sprague-dawley male rat Methods 0.000 description 2
• 208000005809 status epilepticus Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 2
• 230000005062 synaptic transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
• 230000007428 synaptic transmission, GABAergic Effects 0.000 description 2
• 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 2
• 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 231100000378 teratogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
• KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiamine Chemical compound CC1=C(CCO)SCN1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 description 2
• FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
• 231100000816 toxic dose Toxicity 0.000 description 2
• 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 229940072651 tylenol Drugs 0.000 description 2
• DZGWFCGJZKJUFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tyramine Chemical compound NCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 DZGWFCGJZKJUFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 210000001364 upper extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 2
• 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 2
• PJDFLNIOAUIZSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N vigabatrin Chemical compound C=CC(N)CCC(O)=O PJDFLNIOAUIZSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 229960005318 vigabatrin Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 229940011671 vitamin b6 Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 230000002618 waking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• BPICBUSOMSTKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N xylazine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1NC1=NCCCS1 BPICBUSOMSTKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 229960001600 xylazine Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
• DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N (+)-borneol Chemical group C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 description 1
• OILXMJHPFNGGTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (22E)-(24xi)-24-methylcholesta-5,22-dien-3beta-ol Natural products C1C=C2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)C=CC(C)C(C)C)C1(C)CC2 OILXMJHPFNGGTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000001490 (3R)-3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-ol Substances 0.000 description 1
• BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3alpha,5alpha,7alpha,12alpha)-3,7,12-trihydroxy-cholan-24-oic acid Natural products OC1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(CCC(O)=O)C)C1(C)C(O)C2 BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• WCGUUGGRBIKTOS-GPOJBZKASA-N (3beta)-3-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@H](O)C(C)(C)[C@@H]2CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@@]5(C(O)=O)CC[C@@H](C)[C@H](C)[C@H]5C4=CC[C@@H]3[C@]21C WCGUUGGRBIKTOS-GPOJBZKASA-N 0.000 description 1
• KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-HWKANZROSA-M (E)-Ferulic acid Natural products COC1=CC(\C=C\C([O-])=O)=CC=C1O KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-HWKANZROSA-M 0.000 description 1
• CDOSHBSSFJOMGT-JTQLQIEISA-N (R)-linalool Natural products CC(C)=CCC[C@@](C)(O)C=C CDOSHBSSFJOMGT-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
• KWTSXDURSIMDCE-QMMMGPOBSA-N (S)-amphetamine Chemical compound C[C@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KWTSXDURSIMDCE-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
• NAOLWIGVYRIGTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trihydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C(=O)C2=C1 NAOLWIGVYRIGTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• UUFQTNFCRMXOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylmethylene Chemical group C[CH] UUFQTNFCRMXOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• MLFLWIBXZIPYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3-trimethylbutanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)(C)C(O)=O MLFLWIBXZIPYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• JAUKQUVPYOBDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3-trimethylpentanoic acid Chemical compound CCC(C)C(C)(C)C(O)=O JAUKQUVPYOBDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• PZVPOYBHOPRJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylbutan-1-amine Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)CN PZVPOYBHOPRJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• ILBXYVICWFMUPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3-trimethylbutanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)C(C)(C)C ILBXYVICWFMUPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• XFOASZQZPWEJAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)C(O)=O XFOASZQZPWEJAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• LBUDVZDSWKZABS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylpentanoic acid Chemical compound CCC(C)C(C)C(O)=O LBUDVZDSWKZABS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• WGPXFMSGCKHJPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-methylbutanoyloxy)benzoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O WGPXFMSGCKHJPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• CYGPPWVXOWCHJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylbutyl 3-methylbutanoate Chemical compound CCC(C)COC(=O)CC(C)C CYGPPWVXOWCHJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• QDLAABKFYZVHOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-3-iodonaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C(I)C(Br)=CC2=C1 QDLAABKFYZVHOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• NGEWQZIDQIYUNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)C(O)=O NGEWQZIDQIYUNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• OREDTCNNUVRHNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl sulfamate Chemical compound CC(C)COS(N)(=O)=O OREDTCNNUVRHNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• MLMQPDHYNJCQAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-dimethylbutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(O)=O MLMQPDHYNJCQAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• AXFYFNCPONWUHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid Chemical compound CC(C)(O)CC(O)=O AXFYFNCPONWUHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• IGIDLTISMCAULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylvaleric acid Chemical compound CCC(C)CC(O)=O IGIDLTISMCAULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• MIJYXULNPSFWEK-GTOFXWBISA-N 3beta-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@H](O)C(C)(C)[C@@H]2CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@@]5(C(O)=O)CCC(C)(C)C[C@H]5C4=CC[C@@H]3[C@]21C MIJYXULNPSFWEK-GTOFXWBISA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000002999 4 aminobutyrate aminotransferase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000003477 4 aminobutyric acid receptor stimulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
• ZGYGEPZZMAXSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Hydroxyisovaleric acid Chemical compound OCC(C)CC(O)=O ZGYGEPZZMAXSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• WLKUATLKPJGHKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanoic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CC(O)=O WLKUATLKPJGHKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
• 208000017194 Affective disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 108700023418 Amidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 241000205585 Aquilegia canadensis Species 0.000 description 1
• 208000006820 Arthralgia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 206010003591 Ataxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000024255 Audiogenic seizures Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 1
• 206010048994 Bladder spasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
• 108091003079 Bovine Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 1
• OILXMJHPFNGGTO-NRHJOKMGSA-N Brassicasterol Natural products O[C@@H]1CC=2[C@@](C)([C@@H]3[C@H]([C@H]4[C@](C)([C@H]([C@@H](/C=C/[C@H](C(C)C)C)C)CC4)CC3)CC=2)CC1 OILXMJHPFNGGTO-NRHJOKMGSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 208000009079 Bronchial Spasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000014181 Bronchial disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 206010006482 Bronchospasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
• AYWJSCLAAPJZEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl 3-methylbutanoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(C)C AYWJSCLAAPJZEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• SGNBVLSWZMBQTH-FGAXOLDCSA-N Campesterol Natural products O[C@@H]1CC=2[C@@](C)([C@@H]3[C@H]([C@H]4[C@@](C)([C@H]([C@H](CC[C@H](C(C)C)C)C)CC4)CC3)CC=2)CC1 SGNBVLSWZMBQTH-FGAXOLDCSA-N 0.000 description 1
• KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical class NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
• 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 208000009132 Catalepsy Diseases 0.000 description 1
• NPBVQXIMTZKSBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chavibetol Natural products COC1=CC=C(CC=C)C=C1O NPBVQXIMTZKSBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chick antidermatitis factor Natural products OCC(C)(C)C(O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• PCLITLDOTJTVDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlormethiazole Chemical compound CC=1N=CSC=1CCCl PCLITLDOTJTVDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000004380 Cholic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 244000131522 Citrus pyriformis Species 0.000 description 1
• 206010053398 Clonic convulsion Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000018652 Closed Head injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000006561 Cluster Headache Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000034656 Contusions Diseases 0.000 description 1
• FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
• FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
• ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
• RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 206010011985 Decubitus ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000020401 Depressive disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 241001269524 Dura Species 0.000 description 1
• AFSDNFLWKVMVRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ellagic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(OC2=O)=C3C4=C2C=C(O)C(O)=C4OC(=O)C3=C1 AFSDNFLWKVMVRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• ATJXMQHAMYVHRX-CPCISQLKSA-N Ellagic acid Natural products OC1=C(O)[C@H]2OC(=O)c3cc(O)c(O)c4OC(=O)C(=C1)[C@H]2c34 ATJXMQHAMYVHRX-CPCISQLKSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229920002079 Ellagic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 208000032274 Encephalopathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
• JKLISIRFYWXLQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epioleonolsaeure Natural products C1CC(O)C(C)(C)C2CCC3(C)C4(C)CCC5(C(O)=O)CCC(C)(C)CC5C4CCC3C21C JKLISIRFYWXLQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 241000283086 Equidae Species 0.000 description 1
• 108090000371 Esterases Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 239000005770 Eugenol Substances 0.000 description 1
• 208000027776 Extrapyramidal disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 238000000729 Fisher's exact test Methods 0.000 description 1
• 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
• RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
• 102000005915 GABA Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
• 108010005551 GABA Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 230000009508 GABAergic inhibition Effects 0.000 description 1
• 206010017577 Gait disturbance Diseases 0.000 description 1
• IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Galacturonsaeure Natural products O=CC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000005792 Geraniol Substances 0.000 description 1
• GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-YFHOEESVSA-N Geraniol Natural products CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C/CO GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-YFHOEESVSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 208000009693 Gingival Hyperplasia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229940127427 Glycine Agonists Drugs 0.000 description 1
• BTEISVKTSQLKST-UHFFFAOYSA-N Haliclonasterol Natural products CC(C=CC(C)C(C)(C)C)C1CCC2C3=CC=C4CC(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC12C BTEISVKTSQLKST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 208000016988 Hemorrhagic Stroke Diseases 0.000 description 1
• SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexa-Ac-myo-Inositol Natural products CC(=O)OC1C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C1OC(C)=O SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 241000218228 Humulus Species 0.000 description 1
• 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 206010020852 Hypertonia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000015592 Involuntary movements Diseases 0.000 description 1
• PIWKPBJCKXDKJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoflurane Chemical compound FC(F)OC(Cl)C(F)(F)F PIWKPBJCKXDKJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• FOCMOGKCPPTERB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isovaleriansaeure-trans-cinnamylester Natural products CC(C)CC(=O)OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 FOCMOGKCPPTERB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 206010023230 Joint stiffness Diseases 0.000 description 1
• CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 206010023644 Lacrimation increased Diseases 0.000 description 1
• GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
• 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 description 1
• 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 241000606266 Nardostachys Species 0.000 description 1
• 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
• 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 241000772415 Neovison vison Species 0.000 description 1
• GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-JXMROGBWSA-N Nerol Natural products CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\CO GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-JXMROGBWSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 206010029350 Neurotoxicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
• MMOPREBWKCZVPO-ZIKNSQGESA-N OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 Chemical compound OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 MMOPREBWKCZVPO-ZIKNSQGESA-N 0.000 description 1
• YBRJHZPWOMJYKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleanolic acid Natural products CC1(C)CC2C3=CCC4C5(C)CCC(O)C(C)(C)C5CCC4(C)C3(C)CCC2(C1)C(=O)O YBRJHZPWOMJYKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• MIJYXULNPSFWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleanolinsaeure Natural products C1CC(O)C(C)(C)C2CCC3(C)C4(C)CCC5(C(O)=O)CCC(C)(C)CC5C4=CCC3C21C MIJYXULNPSFWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 241000906034 Orthops Species 0.000 description 1
• 241000255947 Papilionidae Species 0.000 description 1
• 206010033885 Paraparesis Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 206010035039 Piloerection Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
• 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
• 208000004210 Pressure Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 241000288906 Primates Species 0.000 description 1
• UVMRYBDEERADNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pseudoeugenol Natural products COC1=CC(C(C)=C)=CC=C1O UVMRYBDEERADNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 208000028017 Psychotic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• ZVOLCUVKHLEPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quercetagetin Natural products C1=C(O)C(O)=CC=C1C1=C(O)C(=O)C2=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C2O1 ZVOLCUVKHLEPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 241000550081 Renata Species 0.000 description 1
• HWTZYBCRDDUBJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Rhynchosin Natural products C1=C(O)C(O)=CC=C1C1=C(O)C(=O)C2=CC(O)=C(O)C=C2O1 HWTZYBCRDDUBJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 description 1
• SKZKKFZAGNVIMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Salicilamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O SKZKKFZAGNVIMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 206010039424 Salivary hypersecretion Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 206010040108 Serotonin syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000002548 Spastic Paraparesis Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 206010041415 Spastic paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000029033 Spinal Cord disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 description 1
• 206010072148 Stiff-Person syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
• UZHDGDDPOPDJGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Stigmatellin A Natural products COC1=CC(OC)=C2C(=O)C(C)=C(CCC(C)C(OC)C(C)C(C=CC=CC(C)=CC)OC)OC2=C1O UZHDGDDPOPDJGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 238000003639 Student–Newman–Keuls (SNK) method Methods 0.000 description 1
• CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
• 241000919913 Synosis Species 0.000 description 1
• 231100000288 TD50 Toxicity 0.000 description 1
• 206010043118 Tardive Dyskinesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• WBWWGRHZICKQGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Taurocholic acid Natural products OC1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(CCC(=O)NCCS(O)(=O)=O)C)C1(C)C(O)C2 WBWWGRHZICKQGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiamine Natural products CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 206010044221 Toxic encephalopathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000030886 Traumatic Brain injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
• OILXMJHPFNGGTO-ZRUUVFCLSA-N UNPD197407 Natural products C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)C=C[C@H](C)C(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 OILXMJHPFNGGTO-ZRUUVFCLSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 206010047163 Vasospasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 244000062795 Vatica lamponga Species 0.000 description 1
• 235000013248 Viburnum prunifolium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 229930003451 Vitamin B1 Natural products 0.000 description 1
• 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
• 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 description 1
• 206010047853 Waxy flexibility Diseases 0.000 description 1
• HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• FOCMOGKCPPTERB-RMKNXTFCSA-N [(e)-3-phenylprop-2-enyl] 3-methylbutanoate Chemical compound CC(C)CC(=O)OC\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 FOCMOGKCPPTERB-RMKNXTFCSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 230000007059 acute toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
• 231100000403 acute toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
• 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
• IAJILQKETJEXLJ-QTBDOELSSA-N aldehydo-D-glucuronic acid Chemical compound O=C[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C(O)=O IAJILQKETJEXLJ-QTBDOELSSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 1
• 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• VLSMHEGGTFMBBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Kainic acid Natural products CC(=C)C1CNC(C(O)=O)C1CC(O)=O VLSMHEGGTFMBBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• FSLPMRQHCOLESF-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-amyrenol Natural products C1CC(O)C(C)(C)C2CCC3(C)C4(C)CCC5(C)CCC(C)C(C)C5C4=CCC3C21C FSLPMRQHCOLESF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• FSLPMRQHCOLESF-SFMCKYFRSA-N alpha-amyrin Chemical compound C1C[C@H](O)C(C)(C)[C@@H]2CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@@]5(C)CC[C@@H](C)[C@H](C)[C@H]5C4=CC[C@@H]3[C@]21C FSLPMRQHCOLESF-SFMCKYFRSA-N 0.000 description 1
• SJMCNAVDHDBMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-amyrin Natural products CC1CCC2(C)CCC3(C)C(=CCC4C5(C)CCC(O)CC5CCC34C)C2C1C SJMCNAVDHDBMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 230000001668 ameliorated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 102000005922 amidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
• 239000003194 amino acid receptor blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229940025084 amphetamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 230000036592 analgesia Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000000540 analysis of variance Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000003561 anti-manic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000000561 anti-psychotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000001754 anti-pyretic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000002921 anti-spasmodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000002221 antipyretic Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000002249 anxiolytic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000006286 aqueous extract Substances 0.000 description 1
• PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229940009098 aspartate Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 238000011914 asymmetric synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
• QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000003693 atypical antipsychotic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229940127236 atypical antipsychotics Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 208000021018 autosomal dominant inheritance Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 229940125717 barbiturate Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
• UPURPFNAFBQPON-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta,beta-dimethyl valeric acid Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)CC(O)=O UPURPFNAFBQPON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
• JFSHUTJDVKUMTJ-QHPUVITPSA-N beta-amyrin Chemical compound C1C[C@H](O)C(C)(C)[C@@H]2CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@@]5(C)CCC(C)(C)C[C@H]5C4=CC[C@@H]3[C@]21C JFSHUTJDVKUMTJ-QHPUVITPSA-N 0.000 description 1
• QQFMRPIKDLHLKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-amyrin Natural products CC1C2C3=CCC4C5(C)CCC(O)C(C)(C)C5CCC4(C)C3(C)CCC2(C)CCC1(C)C QQFMRPIKDLHLKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• PDNLMONKODEGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-amyrin acetate Natural products CC(=O)OC1CCC2(C)C(CCC3(C)C4(C)CCC5(C)CCC(C)(C)CC5C4=CCC23C)C1(C)C PDNLMONKODEGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000003613 bile acid Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000002306 biochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000000035 biogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000002051 biphasic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229940098773 bovine serum albumin Drugs 0.000 description 1
• OILXMJHPFNGGTO-ZAUYPBDWSA-N brassicasterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)/C=C/[C@H](C)C(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 OILXMJHPFNGGTO-ZAUYPBDWSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 235000004420 brassicasterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 208000034526 bruise Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• SGNBVLSWZMBQTH-PODYLUTMSA-N campesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CC[C@@H](C)C(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 SGNBVLSWZMBQTH-PODYLUTMSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 235000000431 campesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000007894 caplet Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000030833 cell death Effects 0.000 description 1
• 208000015114 central nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 229940112822 chewing gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 235000015218 chewing gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-OELDTZBJSA-N cholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1C[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C1 BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-OELDTZBJSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 235000019416 cholic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 229960002471 cholic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 239000000812 cholinergic antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
• 229960004414 clomethiazole Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 208000018912 cluster headache syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
• FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L cobalt(3+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2r)-1-[3-[(1r,2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2 Chemical compound [Co+3].N#[C-].N([C@@H]([C@]1(C)[N-]\C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C(\C)/C1=N/C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C\C1=N\C([C@H](C1(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=C/1C)[C@@H]2CC(N)=O)=C\1[C@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP([O-])(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](N2C3=CC(C)=C(C)C=C3N=C2)O[C@@H]1CO FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L 0.000 description 1
• 230000006999 cognitive decline Effects 0.000 description 1
• 208000010877 cognitive disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 239000007891 compressed tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 208000010247 contact dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
• 201000003146 cystitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 231100000263 cytotoxicity test Toxicity 0.000 description 1
• 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000013872 defecation Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-LLQZFEROSA-N deoxycholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1CC2)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C1 KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-LLQZFEROSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229960003964 deoxycholic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
• LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I dipotassium trisodium dihydrogen phosphate hydrogen phosphate dichloride Chemical compound P(=O)(O)(O)[O-].[K+].P(=O)(O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[K+].[Cl-].[Na+] LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
• QLTXKCWMEZIHBJ-PJGJYSAQSA-N dizocilpine maleate Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O.C12=CC=CC=C2[C@]2(C)C3=CC=CC=C3C[C@H]1N2 QLTXKCWMEZIHBJ-PJGJYSAQSA-N 0.000 description 1
• DLNKOYKMWOXYQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dl-pseudophenylpropanolamine Natural products CC(N)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DLNKOYKMWOXYQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229960003638 dopamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 238000001647 drug administration Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000004064 dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229960002852 ellagic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 235000004132 ellagic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 230000007515 enzymatic degradation Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229960002179 ephedrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 238000010931 ester hydrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000000469 ethanolic extract Substances 0.000 description 1
• XIGZBCUFFUBWDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-acetylheptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(C(C)=O)C(=O)OCC XIGZBCUFFUBWDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229960002217 eugenol Drugs 0.000 description 1
• KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-HWKANZROSA-N ferulic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC(\C=C\C(O)=O)=CC=C1O KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-HWKANZROSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229940114124 ferulic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 235000001785 ferulic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferulic acid Natural products COC1=CC(C=CC(O)=O)=CC=C1O KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000003445 gaba agent Substances 0.000 description 1
• FBPFZTCFMRRESA-GUCUJZIJSA-N galactitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-GUCUJZIJSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229940074391 gallic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 235000004515 gallic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000021474 generally recognized As safe (food) Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 235000021473 generally recognized as safe (food ingredients) Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229940113087 geraniol Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229940097043 glucuronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 239000003825 glutamate receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
• 125000003976 glyceryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(O[H])([H])C(O[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
• BEBCJVAWIBVWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycinamide Chemical compound NCC(N)=O BEBCJVAWIBVWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229940093915 gynecological organic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
• 208000014951 hematologic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 230000002008 hemorrhagic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000009161 herbalism Methods 0.000 description 1
• 210000001320 hippocampus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 230000009610 hypersensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000002631 hypothermal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
• 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
• 229960000367 inositol Drugs 0.000 description 1
• CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N inositol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 208000020658 intracerebral hemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 239000007928 intraperitoneal injection Substances 0.000 description 1
• INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 230000003447 ipsilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 208000028867 ischemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 229960002725 isoflurane Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
• QZMQDHNCNUGQSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleryl diethylamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=O)CC(C)C QZMQDHNCNUGQSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• MWDZOUNAPSSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaempferol Natural products OC1=C(C(=O)c2cc(O)cc(O)c2O1)c3ccc(O)cc3 MWDZOUNAPSSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• VLSMHEGGTFMBBZ-OOZYFLPDSA-N kainic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)[C@H]1CN[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@H]1CC(O)=O VLSMHEGGTFMBBZ-OOZYFLPDSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229950006874 kainic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 230000004317 lacrimation Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000002684 laminectomy Methods 0.000 description 1
• 229930007744 linalool Natural products 0.000 description 1
• 239000008297 liquid dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• MQYXUWHLBZFQQO-QGTGJCAVSA-N lupeol Chemical compound C1C[C@H](O)C(C)(C)[C@@H]2CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@@]5(C)CC[C@@H](C(=C)C)[C@@H]5[C@H]4CC[C@@H]3[C@]21C MQYXUWHLBZFQQO-QGTGJCAVSA-N 0.000 description 1
• PKGKOZOYXQMJNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lupeol Natural products CC(=C)C1CC2C(C)(CCC3C4(C)CCC5C(C)(C)C(O)CCC5(C)C4CCC23C)C1 PKGKOZOYXQMJNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 1
• 206010027175 memory impairment Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 210000002418 meninge Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 201000003102 mental depression Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 230000003340 mental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• VYQSSWZYPCCBRN-HZSPNIEDSA-N menthyl isovalerate Chemical compound CC(C)CC(=O)O[C@@H]1C[C@H](C)CC[C@H]1C(C)C VYQSSWZYPCCBRN-HZSPNIEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000037353 metabolic pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000000401 methanolic extract Substances 0.000 description 1
• OIRDBPQYVWXNSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl trifluoromethansulfonate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F OIRDBPQYVWXNSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• FAARLWTXUUQFSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylellagic acid Natural products O1C(=O)C2=CC(O)=C(O)C3=C2C2=C1C(OC)=C(O)C=C2C(=O)O3 FAARLWTXUUQFSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000037230 mobility Effects 0.000 description 1
• 150000002773 monoterpene derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 230000036651 mood Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000007659 motor function Effects 0.000 description 1
• 210000002161 motor neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 230000036640 muscle relaxation Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000017311 musculoskeletal movement, spinal reflex action Effects 0.000 description 1
• 231100000243 mutagenic effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
• 230000003505 mutagenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 231100000150 mutagenicity / genotoxicity testing Toxicity 0.000 description 1
• BOQSOBHPGBKUJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethyl-3-methylbutanamide Chemical compound CCNC(=O)CC(C)C BOQSOBHPGBKUJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 230000007383 nerve stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
• VKULUTKCTSMXPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N neryl isovalerate Natural products CC(C)CC(=O)OCC(=CCCC=C(C)C)C VKULUTKCTSMXPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 230000001722 neurochemical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000000701 neuroleptic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000007971 neurological deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000000926 neurological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000004112 neuroprotection Effects 0.000 description 1
• 231100000228 neurotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
• 230000007135 neurotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
• 231100000957 no side effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
• 230000000422 nocturnal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000000269 nucleophilic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229940100243 oleanolic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 238000001543 one-way ANOVA Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000011369 optimal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
• 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
• 208000027753 pain disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 229940055726 pantothenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 235000019161 pantothenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000011713 pantothenic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000008289 pathophysiological mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000008855 peristalsis Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229960003742 phenol Drugs 0.000 description 1
• WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
• DLNKOYKMWOXYQA-APPZFPTMSA-N phenylpropanolamine Chemical compound C[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DLNKOYKMWOXYQA-APPZFPTMSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229960000395 phenylpropanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 239000002953 phosphate buffered saline Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000005371 pilomotor reflex Effects 0.000 description 1
• 235000002378 plant sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 1
• 208000028173 post-traumatic stress disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• CVYMWYSVRFZPCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;3-methylbutanoate Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)CC([O-])=O CVYMWYSVRFZPCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
• 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
• 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
• 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
• 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 description 1
• IBALRBWGSVJPAP-HEHNFIMWSA-N progabide Chemical compound C=1C(F)=CC=C(O)C=1C(=N/CCCC(=O)N)/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 IBALRBWGSVJPAP-HEHNFIMWSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229960002752 progabide Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• ULCGRQKYGXIIIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl sulfamate Chemical compound CC(C)OS(N)(=O)=O ULCGRQKYGXIIIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 description 1
• HZLWUYJLOIAQFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N prosapogenin PS-A Natural products C12CC(C)(C)CCC2(C(O)=O)CCC(C2(CCC3C4(C)C)C)(C)C1=CCC2C3(C)CCC4OC1OCC(O)C(O)C1O HZLWUYJLOIAQFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WCBMZHEXSA-N pseudoephedrine Chemical compound CN[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WCBMZHEXSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229960003908 pseudoephedrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 230000004800 psychological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxal hydrochloride Natural products CC1=NC=C(CO)C(C=O)=C1O RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 235000008160 pyridoxine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000011677 pyridoxine Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000012113 quantitative test Methods 0.000 description 1
• 235000005875 quercetin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 229960001285 quercetin Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
• 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 238000009256 replacement therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
• CQRYARSYNCAZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1O CQRYARSYNCAZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229960000581 salicylamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
• YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
• 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 150000003873 salicylate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 208000026451 salivation Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000000698 schizophrenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000013077 scoring method Methods 0.000 description 1
• CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N scyllo-inosotol Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 230000036421 sense of balance Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
• 231100000161 signs of toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
• 208000019116 sleep disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000022925 sleep disturbance Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 210000002460 smooth muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• JJZAWYXASMCCLB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-methylbutanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)CC([O-])=O JJZAWYXASMCCLB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
• 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
• 238000012453 sprague-dawley rat model Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
• 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 238000005556 structure-activity relationship Methods 0.000 description 1
• 210000003523 substantia nigra Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfamate Chemical compound NS([O-])(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
• 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000002636 symptomatic treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
• 210000000225 synapse Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
• WBWWGRHZICKQGZ-GIHLXUJPSA-N taurocholic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H]1C[C@H]2O)[C@@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@@H](CCC(=O)NCCS(O)(=O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)[C@H](O)C1 WBWWGRHZICKQGZ-GIHLXUJPSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 235000019157 thiamine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000011721 thiamine Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
• XFYDIVBRZNQMJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tizanidine Chemical compound ClC=1C=CC2=NSN=C2C=1NC1=NCCN1 XFYDIVBRZNQMJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229960000488 tizanidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
• 229960001295 tocopherol Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 235000010384 tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
• QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-isoferulic acid Natural products COC1=CC=C(C=CC(O)=O)C=C1O QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 230000009529 traumatic brain injury Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000000472 traumatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000008736 traumatic injury Effects 0.000 description 1
• 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 210000003901 trigeminal nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229960003732 tyramine Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 229940096998 ursolic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• PLSAJKYPRJGMHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ursolic acid Natural products CC1CCC2(CCC3(C)C(C=CC4C5(C)CCC(O)C(C)(C)C5CCC34C)C2C1C)C(=O)O PLSAJKYPRJGMHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 235000020769 valeriana extract Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 229940072690 valium Drugs 0.000 description 1
• OMOMUFTZPTXCHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N valpromide Chemical compound CCCC(C(N)=O)CCC OMOMUFTZPTXCHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229960001930 valpromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 125000002114 valyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Chemical compound COC1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1O MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 235000012141 vanillin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Natural products COC1=CC(O)=CC(C=O)=C1 FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
• 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000010374 vitamin B1 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000019158 vitamin B6 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000011726 vitamin B6 Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
• CHETUOSYZGKTOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;3-methylbutanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(C)CC([O-])=O.CC(C)CC([O-])=O CHETUOSYZGKTOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
• GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 1