JP2002503260A - Improved water-soluble metal working fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) Abstract An improved water-soluble metalworking fluid comprising polyaspartic acid, its amides and salts, corrosion inhibitors and basic additives is disclosed. The additive has sufficient basicity and buffering power to maintain the pH of the composition at or above about 8.5, preferably at or above about 9. Such compositions are useful as lubricants in the cutting, bending, polishing and shaping processes of ferrous and non-ferrous metals and tend to retain high pH values due to the incorporation of basic additives. Polyaspartic acid and its salts are particularly advantageous in that they can be readily biodegraded and thus can be easily disposed of after use without special treatment of the fluid.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION                        Improved water-soluble metal working fluid   The present invention provides a novel water-soluble metalworking stream that is biodegradable and does not require regeneration. Regarding the body (metal working fluid). More specifically, the present invention Poly, useful for cutting, polishing, shaping and other metalworking operations that require working fluids An improved composition comprising an amino acid, a salt thereof and an amide. Poly disclosed Amino acid compounds have improved corrosion resistance and are more environmentally friendly than current oil-containing fluids. Nice                                Background of the Invention   Due to environmental concerns, known oil-impregnated metal working fluids may be regenerated or It is required to treat by using means other than disposal in the sewage treatment system. In some cases, the processing cost of the fluid becomes enormous, and the processing cost is reduced to the purchase price. Sometimes it gets closer.   Metal working fluids perform various functions for various metal working. Like that Typical examples of such functions are removal of heat (cooling) from workpieces and tools, chips, Reduction of friction between tools and workpieces (lubrication), metal debris resulting from machining operations Removal, reduction or prevention of corrosion, and plate out at the workpiece-tool interface Prevention or reduction of build-up. Usually, this combination of features includes A composition for obtaining the best attributes required for a particular metalworking operation in the fluid or A combination of components is required.   Recently, primary amides, ethylenedia Various fluids such as mintetraacetic acid, fatty acid esters and alkanolamine salts are available. Was devised. Such compounds allow the tablets containing the compounds to be used during the useful life of the fluid. Can be replenished at the time of use. US Patent No. 4 to Sato , 144,188.   Amines have also been found to be useful as antimicrobial agents in cutting oils. Such a Mines include anilinoamines and arylalkylamines such as p-benzyl Contains aminophenol. See Noda et al., EPO 90-400732. I want to be.   As mentioned above, one of the problems that arises in the industry is the proper handling of metalworking fluids. is there. The amines are removed from the fluid by biodegradation, Tank, processing Equipment such as tanks and sludge treatment tantalum is required. Such a system Is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 3-181395. Other waste treatment sites that meet environmental standards Law and oil removal systems are used.   Oil-containing water-soluble metal working fluids currently used always have work-related hygiene issues. Exist. Such fluids can be used for cutting, bending, threading and other metalworking. Inevitably come into contact with working coins using The oil-containing fluid is used for the work The fog is generated in the field, and the fog drifts in the air and reaches the vicinity of machinery and its operators. Reduce fog problems as described in UK Patent No. 2,252,103 Some attempts have been made. The patent includes acrylamide, sodium acrylate Polymeric thickeners containing copolymers of thorium and Nn-octylacrylamide Is disclosed. The copolymer contains water-soluble and water-insoluble monomers Have been.   For fog formation and drift at work sites using conventional water-soluble metalworking fluids In addition, such work sites are usually filled with odors peculiar to the area. Usually Such an odor is unpleasant, but is accepted as an unavoidable condition.   Highly biodegradable, mist-free, odorless, water-soluble, especially useful in cutting operations A need exists for a fluid for the processing of compliant metals. Such fluids eliminate the need for processing costs And a more hygienic and acceptable working environment for the work site.   Catalyze the platform of a dry mixture of aspartic acid to form polysuccinimide Various methods have been found. A preferred catalyst that works in a dry environment is phosphoric acid. Re It has long been known that acid is an excellent catalyst for the thermal condensation of aspartic acid. It is customary to use phosphoric acid in large quantities to form a liquid or pasty mixture. Was. However, it is also known to use relatively small amounts to retain substantially flowable powders. is there. For example, US Pat. No. 5,142,062 to Knebel et al. . It is disclosed that aspartic acid / catalyst weight ratios in the range of 1-1: 2 can be used. I have. Fox and Harada are "Analytical Metho." In a publication entitled "ds of Protein Chemistry," A thermal polycondensation method for α-amino acids has been disclosed, and the method has a molar ratio of 1: 0.07. A procedure using sparginic acid / catalyst is described. In addition, Fox and Har ada is very important in the polycondensation reaction of amino acids. It discloses the use of polyphosphoric acid as an effective catalyst, and when using o-phosphoric acid, It indicates that lower temperatures than required are possible.   U.S. Patent No. 5,401,428 to Kalota et al. The utility of riaspartic acid, its salts and amides is disclosed. Kalota From U.S. Pat. No. 4,971,724 to such salts, such salts can be used to inhibit corrosion for ferrous metals. Although it is known to be useful in aqueous systems as an agent, surprisingly, US Pat. The metalworking fluid disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,401,428 must contain a corrosion inhibitor. It turned out to be necessary. When the processing fluid is exposed to air, the fluid and gold In order for a corrosion reaction with the genus to occur, the fluid must contain a corrosion inhibitor. Was Even if corrosion inhibitors are present, they will occur during normal use in metalworking operations. It has been observed that the working fluid is somewhat degraded by the aeration. Continuous A metal working fluid composition that does not become corrosive even when exposed to air. It is important.                             BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION   Highly biodegradable, non-fogless odorless polyaspartic acid, its salts and salts And a stabilizing amount of a basic additive. Novel metalworking fluid compositions comprising: The additive comprises a p of the composition. Sufficient basicity and buffering power to keep H above about 8.5, preferably above about 9 Having. Such compositions are not degraded by ventilation during metalworking operations and It has been found that corrosion resistance is maintained over a long period of time.   When the composition is diluted in water, it can cut, thread, bend, cut various ferrous and non-ferrous metals, Grinding, broaching, tapping, planing, gear shaping, reamer finishing, deep hole drilling / Gun drilling, drilling, boring, hobbing, milling, turning, sawing and shaping A highly desirable aqueous metalworking fluid useful for such operations is obtained. Skilled person After reading this specification, it is ideal for such a variety of metalworking operations and materials. Requires different dilutions of metalworking fluids and different composition ratios of different composition ratios. It will be appreciated that this is important.                             BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES   FIG. 1 shows a polyasparagus containing a small amount of sodium phosphate and benzotriazole. Obtained in experiments showing the effect of carbon dioxide on the pH of aqueous sodium formate solutions It is a graph of data.Detailed description of the invention   Typically, the metalworking fluid of the present invention comprises an effective amount of polyaspartic acid, Is a salt or amine thereof, or any which provides an effective amount of said ingredient in solution. The petroleum is preferably contained in water at a concentration ranging from about 0.5% to about 70%. this A very wide range includes compositions used as metalworking applications (working fluids), Commercially available as a concentrate, typically diluted before actual use as a processing fluid Cover both of the packaged compositions. Commercial compositions may be used at about 1 ratio, although other ratios may be used. It may prove convenient to provide the working fluid by diluting it in a 0: 1 ratio. won. Other concentrations and dilution ratios will be apparent to those skilled in the art.   Preferred compositions of the present invention comprise from about 3% to about 25% polyaspartic acid, and Preferably about 5% to about 20% of the salt or amide is contained in the water as a concentrate. The processing fluid may be diluted from about 0.15% to form one processing fluid. It contains about 20% polymer, but higher or lower amounts may be used.   To form a polyasparagine composition having improved stability according to the present invention Any number of basic compounds can be used for Wear. Preferably, the basic additive is at least somewhat water-soluble. Stability Since the amount of the basic compound in the solution actually required for application is small, The compounds need only be soluble to a relatively small extent to be effective. The basic additive has an effect on the pH of the polymer solution (measured at room temperature with an aqueous solution of 10% or less). In order to effectively maintain from about 8.5 to about 11, more preferably from about 9 to about 10.5, It should have sufficiently high basicity and buffering power. However, effective levels In particular, the use of polymer solutions can be dangerous for machine operators. Preferably, the pH does not exceed about 11.   Examples of suitable basic additives are alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal orthophosphates , Alkali metal polyphosphate, alkali metal silicate, alkali metal borate, etc. Yes, including mixtures thereof. Low cost, suitable basicity, solubility properties and availability Considering the properties, an alkali metal carbonate is preferred. The term “alkali gold” used here The term "genus" refers to lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium. As well as mixtures thereof.   Preferably, the alkali metal used in the present invention is potassium. In the present invention The potassium salt used is a large water-soluble gold Forming fluids for processing, and more importantly, other commonly available It was found that the freezing point of the composition was kept lower than that of inexpensive alkali metals. Obedience Therefore, potassium is used in all the steps used for preparing the composition of the present invention. Is preferred. That is, polysushi such as hydrolysis known in the art. The hydrolysis of the imido intermediate is a process of potassium hydroxide rather than ordinary sodium hydroxide. It is preferably carried out using chromium. The alkali metal basic additive is preferably Lium salts, especially potassium carbonate. However, at least partially Use potassium as the metal and the rest with other alkali metals such as sodium. By doing so, certain benefits are obtained. For example, commonly used sodium hydroxide When polysuccinimide is hydrolyzed using Potassium salt such as potassium.   Of basic additives used to form stabilized polyaspartate metalworking fluids The amount can vary greatly with excellent results, and can vary the preferred pH range. With in mind, any selected additions by routine testing in view of the description of the invention The minimum effective level for an agent can be determined. Use of sodium carbonate In the above, the preferred weight basis range is about 0.02% or more Up to about 7% by weight as sodium carbonate in it, 0.02% to about 1%, preferably In particular, about 1% to about 3% by weight of sodium carbonate in the concentrate is particularly preferred. .   The basic additive of the present invention can be used in any typical and suitable mixing or blending means. More mixed with polyaspartic acid solution. Fluids for processing polyaspartic metal In typical production of polysuccinimide, a solid material is usually first produced Is done. This material is prepared by any typical known means, usually using an aqueous solution of a base. Hydrolyzed, which converts the material to a liquid state. Basic additives are usually prepared During the process, it is added to the liquid. Because only a small amount is used, the Can be performed in the final step of fluid preparation and packaging. Uniformly composed No special procedural steps are necessary to achieve sufficient mixing to obtain the formed composition. No.   Regarding the basic additive sodium carbonate, use any amount up to the solubility limit. Can be Because of the high solubility of potassium salts in such aqueous solutions, Slightly higher amounts can be used than thorium salts, for example, for concentrated polyamides. In liquid, 9 % By weight. However, for processing polyaspartic acid according to the invention The fluid typically comprises about 2% to about 7% by weight of polyaspartic acid, salt or amide. It is prepared as a concentrate containing 0% by weight or up to the solubility limit. Of the present invention When added to the concentrate, the amount of sodium carbonate present is about 0.2 weight of the total mixture. It can range from% to about 7% by weight. For use in ordinary metalworking equipment In the diluted state, the concentrate of the present invention typically comprises a polyaspartate polymer. About 0.7% and about 0.02% to about the solubility limit of sodium carbonate, Possibly about 7% or less, or about 0.03% to about 10% for potassium carbonate, Preferably, it is diluted to about 0.08% to about 0.8%.   The compositions of the present invention have a wide range of uses for the compositions in metalworking applications. Various other additives to enhance or contribute to the properties that enable the function of the enclosure Can be used. Additive types include boundary lubricants, corrosion inhibitors, antioxidants , Detergents and dispersants, viscosity index improvers, emulsifiers, antiwear and And anti-frictional agents, as well as foam inhibitors.   For example, wear inhibitors, lubricants, extreme pressure agents (extreme pressure use additives to improve boundary lubricity, such as agents), friction modifiers, etc. be able to. Typical examples of such additives are metal dialkyldithiophosphates. Metal, diaryldithiophosphate, alkyl phosphate, alkali metal Phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, 2-alkyl-4-mercapto-1 , 3,4-thiadiazole, metal dialkyldithiocarbonate, metal dialki Metal, typically zinc, molybdenum, tungsten Or other metals; phosphorylated fats and olefins, sulfated or chlorinated fats Fats and olefins and paraffins, fatty acids, carboxylic acids and their salts , Fatty acid esters, organic molybdenum compounds, molybdenum disulfide, grapha And borate dispersion. Such boundary lubrication additives are known in the art. Well-known. Other additives useful herein are detergents and other agents that provide a cleaning function. And a dispersant.   The polyaspartic acid compound of the present invention is a corrosion inhibitor at a specific range of pH. , But polyaspartic acid, salts or amides act as corrosion inhibitors Use of Corrosion Inhibitors in the Composition of the Invention that Function in the Non-functional pH Range With Wear. Examples of, but not limited to, typical corrosion inhibitors are known in the art. Useful herein are dithiophosphoric acids such as zinc chromate and zinc dithiophosphate. Salts, metal sulfonates (metals are alkali metals), alcohols such as ethanolamino Canolamine and substituted alkanolamines (where the main chain of the alkyl group varies Hexylamine and triethanolamine Alkylamines such as ruamine, borated products such as sodium borate and the like. And mixtures of borates and amines, polyaspartic acid of high pH (10 or more) Carboxylic acids, including alkylamino carboxylic acids, particularly useful in hard water and molybdenum With borate esters and boric acids such as sodium denate, monobenzyl borate Various ethanolamines (which also act as antibiotics), benzoic acid, benzoic acid Nitro derivatives, ammonium benzoate, hydroxybenzoic acid, sodium benzoate Triethanolamine salts of carboxylic acids and carboxymethylthio groups, such as 1 , 1- (carboxymethylthio) undecanoic acid triethanolamine salt, benzo Triazoles, tritriazoles and other C₁~ C_FourAlkyl benzotriazo Including For more details on corrosion inhibitors, see Corrosion Reviews, 11 (1-2). ), Pp. 105-122, 1993 Edition. states For Corrosion Inhibitors in   Arun in a publication entitled "Cooling Water Systems" a Provided by Buhadur, which is incorporated herein by reference.   In particular, alkali metal phosphates, preferably sodium orthophosphate or potassium phosphate Lium is preferred and is advantageously included in the compositions of the present invention to aid the corrosion inhibitor. It is. That is, the composition of the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, a corrosion inhibitor and And an auxiliary corrosion inhibitor comprising an alkali metal orthophosphate. Auxiliary Arca Li metal orthophosphate is about 0.1 weight in the working fluid by the metal working operation. It is used in the range of% to about 10% by weight. The amount of polyamino polymer can be Since is adjusted in the processing fluid, other concentrations will be apparent to those skilled in the art.   As used herein, the term "corrosion inhibitor" refers to other ingredients of the composition of the present invention. Contains chemicals that exhibit corrosion inhibition when used together.   Typical concentrated compositions of the present invention (parts by weight) which are diluted and adjusted to prepare a processing fluid Table 1) is shown in Table 1 below. The compositions in Table 1 are given in parts by weight.   A typical concentrated composition of the present invention comprises from about 3% to about 30% by weight of polyasparagine. An acid salt or amide in combination with about 1% to about 10% by weight of a corrosion inhibitor. And an aqueous solution containing about 200% by weight to about 5% by weight of the solution of a basic additive.   The composition of the present invention comprises the L-aspartic acid from which the polymer is made. It may contain a small amount of the catalyst used in the thermal condensation reaction. Typically, Such catalysts form pyrophosphate by-products during the hydrolysis of succinimide polymers. Acids such as phosphoric acid which are converted to the corresponding salts.   Typical antioxidants can also be incorporated into the compositions of the present invention, for example, zinc and And other metal dithiophosphates, hindered phenols, metal phenols Sulfides, metal-free phenol sulfides, aromatic amines and mixtures thereof Including compounds.   Many operations in which the compositions of the present invention are used involve the removal of particles to be carried away from metal surfaces. Detergents and dispersants are used in the compositions of the present invention to form particles. Typical Dispersants include polyamine succinimide, alkali oxide, hydroxybenzyl Polyamine, polyhydroxysuccinate and polyamine amide imida Including zoline and mixtures thereof. Typical detergents are metal sulfonates, persalts Base metal sulfonate, metal phenate sulfide, overbased metal phenate sulf , Metal salicylates and metal thiophosphonates and their mixtures Including.   Therefore, the composition of the present invention comprises a surfactant, an extreme pressure agent, a buffer, a thickener, an antibacterial agent and the like. And other adjuvants commonly used in such compositions, as well as These mixtures can be included.   The concentrated compositions of the present invention, which are most commercially conveniently used and diluted prior to use, are preferred. Preferably, it contains potassium salts of the various components in various concentration ranges, but typically comprises about 0.5% by weight to its solubility limit potassium polyaspartate, about 0.1% ~ About 10% potassium dibasic orthophosphate as an auxiliary corrosion inhibitor, about 0.02% ~ Its solubility limit, perhaps up to about 9.5% potassium carbonate, and about 200 pp m to about 3% by weight of a corrosion inhibitor. As mentioned above, preferred corrosion inhibitors are About 40% to about 0% by weight of 4-methyl-1H-benzotriazole and about 6% Tolyltria containing 0% to about 100% 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole Sol. It is important to note that the solubility limit of each component is affected by the pressure of the other components. Traders understand. Other useful corrosion inhibitors are C₁~ C_FourAlkyl benzotriazo And alkyl benzotriazoles such as butyl benzotriazole .   The polyaspartic acid of the present invention is preferably obtained by thermal condensation of aspartic acid. Provided. Polyaspartic acid is mono- or di-ammonium maleate, Weight of other monomers such as mono- or di-ammonium malate and maleamic acid It can also be prepared by combination. Many different processes are known for such purposes. Have been. For example, to deliver reactants to the next adjacent lower tray A tray in which aspartic acid is introduced at the top of a tray that circulates in a horizontal plane A continuous process using an idler has recently been discovered. Residence time in dryer Has many tray levels, tray rotation speeds, dryers for heated gases such as air Controlled by circulation through and temperature. The temperature in such devices is usually From about 180 ° C to about 350 ° C, and the residence time is from about 0.5 to about 6 hours. Typical Tray dryer is available from Wyssmo, Fort Lee, NJ Commercially available from nt Company, Incorporated.   Another tray dryer that can be used in such a process is Kentucky. Commercially manufactured by Kraus Maffei, Florence, KY Is a tray dryer You. In the Kraus Maffei tray dryer, the heating tray is stationary The reactants are controlled by an axially rotating plow and a shovel. Move through the rates. Reactants can also be placed on the inside or outside edge of the tray. Part falls from one tray to the next. Reactants directly by tray Heated.   Preparation of polyaspartic acid, such as D-, L- or DL-aspartic acid There are several isomers of aspartic acid that can be used for Preferably uses L-aspartic acid.   When using a catalyst, the reaction and residence time in the dryer are Depending on the range, it can be as short as about 30 minutes to about 2 hours. Two in the circulating gas It is best to catalyze thermal condensation when carbon oxide is present at least about 5% by volume. Recently discovered. The amount of carbon dioxide in the circulating gas is usually about 10% by volume.   Using various other reactors to produce the polyaspartic acid of the present invention Can be. A typical reactor is described in Aerni, A., Augst, Switzerland. G. FIG. From List that is commercially available Reactor and Littleford Bro, Florence, Kentucky s. Inc. Like model FM130 laboratory mixer obtained from Includes telford reactor and larger model.   Littleford mixer provides sufficient agitation to create fluidized bed conditions To break up clumps of growing particles and apply additional shear to the fluidized bed. A chopper can be provided. The agitation provided by the mixer during the reaction time Sufficient to keep the particles substantially fluid. Typically, Litel The eford mixer is operated at a temperature of at least about 180 ° C. Temperatures from 80 ° C. to about 250 ° C. or higher are sufficient to polymerize aspartic acid. Can be maintained for minutes. The mixer is desirably purged through the reactor Provided to provide a gas flow. According to the invention, the gas stream catalyzes the condensation reaction. Medium, thereby greatly reducing the time to reach complete polymerization of aspartic acid As such, it is provided with a sufficient amount of carbon dioxide.   Normal thermal condensation reaction of aspartic acid produces borsk succinimide intermediate . Intermediates are easily hydrolyzed by alkaline solutions Decomposes into polyaspartate. An example of an alkaline solution is alkali metal water. Oxides, triethanolamine (TEA), ammonium hydroxide, and the like.   Polyas including those which can be produced by thermal condensation of L-aspartic acid Water-soluble salts of paraginic acid can be used in the metalworking compositions of the present invention. You. Typical water-soluble salts are alkali metal salts, ammonium, organic ammonium and And mixtures thereof. The term "alkali metal" refers to lithium, sodium And potassium, cesium and rubidium and mixtures thereof. here The organic ammonium salts useful in are low molecular weight, ie, having a molecular weight less than about 270. And those prepared from organic amines. Organic amines useful herein are Including killamine, alkyleneamine and alkanolamine. Typical organic net Propylamine, isopropylamine, ethylamine, isobutylamine , N-amylamine, hexylamine, heptylamine, octylamine, noni Ruamine, decylamine, undecylamine, dodecylamine, hexadecyla Basics such as min, heptadecylamine, octadecylamine, and lysine Contains amino acids.   Regardless of which reactor is used, the polymer produced by thermal condensation of L-aspartic acid can be used. Spartic acid or a salt thereof is useful in the present invention. This polymer is made of iron Or to provide sufficient lubrication to enable metalworking operations on non-ferrous metals It's been found.   Any molecular weight polyaspartic acid can be usefully used herein.   Polyaspartic acid derived from other sources may also be used in the compositions and methods of the present invention. Used in For example, US Pat. No. 3,846,380 to Fujimoto et al., B U.S. Pat. No. 4,839,461 to Oehmke, U.S. Pat. No. 96,891, polyaspartic acid can be converted to maleic acid or its derivatives. Derivatives can be used to derive from the polycondensation process and refer to the literature. Take it here for help. Although not preferred, Harada et al., US Pat. No. 4,590, Invented copolymers of amino acids, such as those prepared according to No. 260 It can also be used in a clear way.   The fluid for processing an aqueous metal according to the present invention is polyaspartic acid or a salt or a polyaspartic acid thereof. Especially in that the aqueous solution of min is virtually odorless. It is advantageous. In addition, the fluids of the present invention are commonly used in aqueous oil-containing fluids. It was observed that any mist around the tool working area was dramatically reduced. With substantially no fog formation, the work area is substantially free of machinery-derived fluids. Is maintained free from contamination by workers with metalworking fluids embodying the present invention. Substantially do not. The aqueous metalworking fluid of the present invention contains the active ingredient polyaspara Most advantageous is that formic acid or salts have been found to be fast biodegradable. The metal of the present invention Due to the biodegradability of the processing fluid, it can be used for normal means such as disposal in sewage treatment systems. Processing is possible. The cost advantage of such a fluid of the present invention is that It is clear when considering the environmental issues that require measures.   Testing with non-ferrous metals such as brass and copper has shown that the workplace is relatively Not only does it indicate that the work parts do not relatively discolor the discolored deposits . Indeed, an aqueous solution of a salt of polyaspartic acid is disclosed in US Pat. 971,724 was observed to be a corrosion inhibitor . That is, metals, preferably ferrous metals, are free of harmful deposits and, in fact, of the present invention. Protection from corrosion by metalworking fluids Is done. However, the corrosion inhibiting effect of the aqueous solution of polyaspartic acid is about 8.5. It covers solutions having a pH in the above range. The polyaspartic acid or derivative of the present invention When the composition using the conductor provides an aqueous solution having a pH of about 10 or less, the metal additive of the present invention may be used. It is recommended that further corrosion inhibitors be incorporated into the composition of the working fluid. However 1 shows the polyasparagine combination of the present invention during extended use of actual fluids. The pH of the product is reduced by contact with an acidifying agent such as carbon dioxide from the atmosphere It was shown that there was a tendency. Therefore, the compositions of the present invention may contain additional corrosion inhibitors. Is common. The amount of corrosion inhibitor depends on the specific inhibitor and fluid Can vary widely with the environment. For example, if zinc chromate is a corrosion inhibitor, Effective amounts range from as little as 50 ppm in the working fluid to more.   The metal working fluid of the present invention may be any of various kinds of metals as described above for any kind of metal. Useful in metalworking applications. In particular, they include iron, steel (carbon steel and low Alloy carbon steel), cast iron, stainless steel, nibase alloy and cobalt-containing alloy. Useful in the processing of any ferrous metals and alloys. With the fluid of the present invention Non-ferrous metals and alloys that can be processed include copper, brass, and copper. Tan, aluminum, bronze, and manganese. Such metal books Processed safely with the lubricity provided by the aqueous fluids of the invention.   Particularly important functions in the cutting operation of the metal working fluid of the present invention are the temperature of the tool and the temperature of the tool. And a function to cool so as to keep the working temperature low. Such control is Helps to minimize tool wear and workpiece distortion. Flow for metal processing of the present invention Another function of the body is to reduce the friction between the tool and the chips formed during the cutting operation. Lubrication and reduced friction between the tool and the machined part. For various types of cutting operations In this case, typically a small piece of metal chip is formed, which is advantageously as soon as possible. Since it is carried away from the machined parts, it does not clog the cutting tool.                            Description of the preferred embodiment Example 1   In the following examples, the reactant materials are fed one after the other and the commercially available trade Laboratory dryer with two trays that mimics the conditions of the dryer Dell was used. The reactant material was adjusted to equal the desired number of trays on the commercial model. For this purpose, they were moved from one tray to another. New Jersey W commercially available from Wyssmont Company of Fort Lee Tray dryer imitating yssmont Turbo Dryer, L- The operation was performed by adding 1 kg of aspartic acid to a depth of 2.5 cm per tray. total Used a 28 tray level. Experiment with circulating air temperature through dryer at 305 ° C Maintained inside. Air speed is maintained at 114.3m / min and tray rotation is turned 3 minutes per session. The total carbon dioxide in the air that contacts the material on the tray is 10 Carbon dioxide was supplied to the air supply in an amount to provide volume percent. During various reactions Samples are taken from the tray in the meantime, conversion to polymer, pH, color (APHA) And molecular weight were analyzed. The data obtained is shown in Table 2 below. Example 2   4 illustrates the effect of carbon dioxide on the pH of the polyaspartic metal processing fluid of the present invention. An experiment was conducted in order to Residual (PO_FourSodium phosphate 1% aqueous solution of sodium polyaspartate containing lium The mixture was subjected to a gas treatment with a mixture by volume of nitrogen in nitrogen and pure nitrogen. Figure 1 shows the data The curve A is data obtained using pure nitrogen, and the curve B is 4 is data obtained using a blend of carbon and nitrogen. PH shown by curve B The rapid drop in the pH indicates the effect of carbon dioxide on the pH of the solution. As shown in Figure 1 As described above, the solution gas-treated with a gas containing carbon dioxide 2) exhibit a pH of about 7, and the pH of the solution gassed with nitrogen only remains essentially unchanged. There was until now.                                 Example 3   The pH stability of metalworking fluids and the tendency of fluids to become corrosive to metals An accelerated test was performed to show the effect of the basic additive. Prepared by various means Hydrolyzed polysuccinimide sample and used as metalworking fluid Was prepared. Prepare a set of samples from aspartic acid without catalyst (Sample A) and in the presence of 7.5% by weight of phosphoric acid with respect to aspartic acid. Another set was prepared from the prepared polyaspartic acid (Sample B). The following composition A sample having the same pH as necessary, and adding an acid or a base to equal pH if necessary. Adjusted. Sodium polyaspartate 1% by weight Benzotriazole 950 ppm Disodium phosphate 1500ppm                                     (PO_FourAs) pH 9.60 693 g of water   As a control, a third sample adjusted to pH 9.6 with sodium hydroxide. Tap water (sample C) was used. Ambient typically containing 0.033% carbon dioxide Air is pumped at a constant rate above 200 cc / min at ambient room temperature and pressure. He was taken through the sample. The pH of each solution was measured daily for 6 days. 250ppm １０００1000 ppm of sodium carbonate was added to each sample at the start of the test. The results of the test are shown in Table 3 below.  From the above data, it can be seen that sodium carbonate can be used to maintain higher pH levels than can be found in tap water. It is noted that thorium is effective at all levels. 1000 ppm After 2 days, the pH reached an equilibrium of 9 or more. At pH 9 or higher Is known to reduce the level of corrosion to an insignificant degree. Of basic additives The addition maintained the pH at an acceptable level in the accelerated test, which It indicates that the body does not degrade with normal use for a relatively long time.                                 Example 4   Wyssmont Turbo in the presence of 7.5% of phosphoric acid catalyst The polyaspartic acid sodium salt was prepared by Dryer. Acid polymer, It was hydrolyzed with sodium hydroxide and diluted to a 1% by weight aqueous solution. 2 batches of poly The aspartic acid polymer was compounded with a benzotriazole with a pKa of 8.3. This The effect on pH in the test was that the pKa was lower than the pH of the test solution and that Unaffected by triazole. Contains 200ppm of benzotriazole In one batch, no sodium carbonate was added and benzotriazole 950 In another batch containing ppm, add sodium carbonate at a concentration of 1000 ppm. Added. Each batch of cutting fluid was combined with the cutting fluid of the Okuma LB10 cutting machine. Used. The pH of each batch of cutting fluid was adjusted at the start, after 1 day, and after 5 days It was measured. 3 using the MitSubishi DMN G432MA insert. 00 pieces of 1018 steel were cut from 2.54 cm to 0.934 cm. A Manchester M50 separation tool was used. Polyaspartic acid polymer -The results of the pH test over time from the pH measurement of the cutting fluid over time are shown in Table 4 below. .   The results show that sodium carbonate at the level of 1000 ppm is a polyaspartic acid polymer. -Stabilizes the pH of the cutting fluid and does not contain basic additives. Is below the desired pH of 9-9.5.                                 Example 5   Typically, a preferred composition of the present invention comprises L-asparam as described in Example 4. Formic acid was polymerized and the resulting polysuccinimide was then weighed as shown in Table 5 below. It can be prepared by hydrolyzing by filling an appropriate solvent in a part.   The potassium polyaspartate produced by the hydrolysis procedure described above 21 parts of potassium, 17.7 parts of potassium carbonate and 13.5 parts of tolyltriazole Was added. The tolyltriazole contains 40% of 4-methyl-1H-benzoto From a mixture containing liazole and 60% 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole Become. For best results when using tolyltriazole, process It is desirable to maintain levels above about 900 ppm in the fluid.                                 Example 6   Achieved by incorporating potassium ions instead of sodium ions In order to show the lowering of the freezing point of the composition of the present invention, the three compositions shown in Table 1 above were used. Cool by visually observing the composition for homogeneity and freezing point. Tested. The results are shown in Table 6 below. The weight percentages of the compositions are as follows:   From the above data, potassium salt is very significant in significantly reducing the freezing temperature. It is clear that this is advantageous. What is important at the reduced freezing temperature is freezing No precipitation was observed even at the temperature, which indicates that the solution This indicates that no separation has occurred. Therefore, the potassium salt mixture is Require further mixing to re-disperse the separated layers of the composition in degrees Does not freeze at harmful temperatures like thorium salt or mixed salt compositions.   Although the present invention has been described in detail in the specific embodiments described above, this description is not intended to be exhaustive. It is done only to illustrate the composition and the amount of effective ingredients; Since the modes and operating techniques are clear (based on this disclosure), the present invention It should be understood that it should not be limited to Therefore, the described invention of Modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope.

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page    (31) Priority claim number 60 / 005,017 (32) Priority date October 10, 1995 (Oct. 10, 1995) (33) Priority country United States (US) (81) Designated countries EP (AT, BE, CH, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, IE, IT, L U, MC, NL, PT, SE), AU, BR, CA, C N, JP, KR, LT, LV, NO, NZ, PL, RU , UA, US (72) Inventor Silberman, David Sea             United States, Missouri 63017, Chie             Starfield, Strobe Ridge             14314

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a metal working method in which a lubricant for metal is provided, an acid, a salt thereof, or an amide may be used. An aqueous solution of a polyaspartic acid polymer selected from the group consisting of Providing a standardized amount of a basic additive, wherein the basic additive comprises It has sufficient basicity and buffering power to maintain the pH at about 8.5 or more And how to. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pH is maintained at about 9 or higher. 3. The polyaspartic acid polymer is potassium polyaspartate, and the base The corrosion additive is an alkali metal salt, an amine salt or an ammonium salt, and inhibits corrosion Agent is tolyltriazole, benzotriazole or alkylbenzotriazole The method of claim 1, wherein 4. The alkali metal salt is a potassium salt and the corrosion inhibitor is 4. The method according to claim 3, which is an azole. 5. When the amount of tolyltriazole or benzotriazole is about 100 ppm or more, Preferably in an amount of about 900 ppm or more 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the method is present. 6. From about 0 to about 40% of 4-me Tyl-1H-benzotriazole and about 60 to about 100% 5-methyl-1H- 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method is present as a mixture comprising benzotriazole. 7. The solution contains about 0.05 to about 70% by weight, preferably about 0.5 to about 2% by weight. Including the polymer, the corrosion inhibitor is tolyltriazole, benzotriazole or Is an alkyl benzotriazole and the basic additive is potassium carbonate The method of claim 1. 8. The solution comprises from about 0.05 to about 70% by weight of the polymer and a basic additive The method of claim 7, wherein the agent is present in the range of 0.02 to about 8% by weight of the solution. . 9. Whether metalworking is threading, polishing, shaping, turning, milling or drilling The method of claim 1, wherein the cutting operation is selected from the group consisting of: 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the metalworking is bending. 11. Metals are iron, steel (carbon steel and low alloy steel), cast iron stainless steel, nickel Base alloy, cobalt-containing alloy, etc. The method of claim 1, wherein the metal is an iron metal or alloy selected from the group consisting of: 12. Whether the metal is copper, bronze, brass, titanium, aluminum, magnesium, etc. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is a non-ferrous metal or alloy selected from the group consisting of: 13. Polyaspartic acid selected from the group consisting of acids, salts or amides thereof Aqueous solution of the limmer (the concentration of the polymer ranges from about 0.05 to about 70%), A metalworking composition comprising a corrosion inhibitor, and a stabilizing amount of a basic additive, The basic additive is sufficiently basic and moderate to maintain the pH of the composition above about 8.5. A composition having impact. 14． 14. The composition of claim 13, wherein said pH is maintained at about 9 or higher. 15. The corrosion inhibitor is present in an amount ranging from about 50 ppm to about 15% by weight; And the basic additive maintains a pH in the range of about 8.5 to about 11. 3. The composition according to 3. 16. The basic additive is potassium carbonate and the corrosion inhibitor is tolyltriazo 16. The composition of claim 15, wherein the composition is 17． Tolyltriazole can be used from about 0 to about 40% of 4-methyl-1H-benzoto Liazole and about 100 to about 60% of 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole 17. The composition of claim 16, wherein the composition is present as a mixture comprising. 18. Tolyltriazole has about 100% 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole 17. The composition of claim 16, wherein the composition is present as a mixture comprising a sol. 19. When the concentration of the polyaspartic acid polymer is greater than about 0.05% by weight of the solution The corrosion inhibitor is tolyltriazole, and the corrosion inhibitor is about 0.1 A supplement containing from about 10% by weight of a water-soluble alkali metal phosphate or ammonium phosphate 14. The composition of claim 13, which is present with the corrosion inhibitor in an amount ranging from about 0.01 to about 2% by weight. A composition according to claim 1. 20. The alkali metal phosphate is sodium orthophosphate or potassium orthophosphate 20. The composition of claim 19, wherein the composition is selected from the group consisting of: 21. 21. The composition according to claim 20, wherein the polymer is an alkali metal salt. 22. 22. The composition of claim 21, wherein the salt is a potassium salt. 23. 23. The composition according to claim 22, wherein the polymer is an amide. 24. A concentrated composition for metalworking, which is diluted with polyaspartic acid potassium. Aqueous solution, basic additive (the basic additive adjusts the pH of the resulting composition to about 8. 5 having sufficient basicity and buffering power to hold at least 5), a corrosion inhibitor, and about Processing fluid containing 1 to about 10% by weight potassium orthophosphate containing auxiliary corrosion inhibitor A composition adapted to produce 25. the pH is maintained above about 9 and the basic additive is potassium carbonate; 25. The composition according to claim 24. 26. Potassium polyaspartate has a solubility in the range of about 0.5% to about its solubility limit. The tolutriazole is present in an amount and the corrosion inhibitor is tolyltriazole. From about 0 to about 40% by weight of 4-methyl-1H-benzotriazole and about 100 25. The composition of claim 24, comprising from about 60% by weight of 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole. The composition for metal working as described in the above. 27. Tolyltriazole is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1 to about 2% by weight; A composition for metalworking according to claim 26. 28. 25. The metalworking composition according to claim 24, wherein the corrosion inhibitor is a benzoate. . 29. The corrosion inhibitor comprises sodium benzoate and ammonium benzoate 25. The metalworking composition of claim 24, selected from the group. 30. From about 0.5% by weight to its solubility limit of potassium polyaspartate, about 0.1% by weight; 2 to about 9% by weight potassium carbonate, about 0.3 to about 2% by weight corrosion inhibitor, and about 1% Suitable for diluents containing from about 10% by weight potassium orthophosphate containing auxiliary corrosion inhibitors Mounted concentrated composition for metalworking. 31. 31. The composition of claim 30, wherein the corrosion inhibitor is tolyltriazole. 32. Wherein the tolyltriazole comprises from about 0 to about 40% by weight of 4-methyl-1H- Benzotriazole and about 100 to about 60% by weight of 5-methyl-1H-benzoto 32. The composition of claim 31, comprising liazole. 33. The solution comprises from about 0.5 to about 70% by weight of the polymer, wherein the corrosion inhibitor is Alkyl benzotriazole, tolyltriazole or benzotriazole 33. The method of claim 32, wherein the basic additive is sodium carbonate. Law. 34. The solution contains about 0.5% by weight to its solubility limit of the polymer and 34. The method of claim 33, wherein sodium is present in an amount up to about 7% by weight of the solution. Law. 35. Metal processing from threading, grinding, shaping, turning, drilling and milling 34. The method of claim 33, wherein the cut is selected from the group consisting of: 36. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein the metalwork is a bend. 37. Metals are iron, steel (carbon steel and low alloy steel), cast iron, stainless steel, nickel Ferrous metals or alloys selected from the group consisting of 34. The method of claim 33, wherein 38. Metals from copper, bronze, brass, titanium, aluminum and magnesium 34. The method of claim 33, wherein the method is a non-ferrous metal or alloy selected from the group consisting of: 39. The basic additive is a mixture of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, and Benzotriazole, tolyltriazole or alkylbenzotriazole 34. The composition of claim 33, which is a sol. 40. The concentration of the corrosion inhibitor is from about 50 ppm by weight to about 15 ppm. 40. The composition of claim 39, which is in the range of weight percent. 41. A small amount of ol retained from the polymerization process of the polyaspartic acid polymer 2. The composition of claim 1, further comprising sodium triphosphate. 42. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the polymer is an alkali metal salt. 43. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the polymer is an ammonium salt or an amine salt. object. 44. The composition of claim 1, wherein the polymer is an amide. 45. Sodium polyaspartate aqueous solution, basic additive, trace amount of ortho Metalworking composition containing sodium phosphate, corrosion inhibitor, and potassium orthophosphate Wherein the additive is sufficient to maintain the pH of the composition at or above about 8.5. A composition having basicity and buffering power. 46. Sodium polyaspartate in an amount ranging from about 0.5% to its solubility limit And the corrosion inhibitor is benzotriazole, alkylbenzotriazole 46. The metalworking composition according to claim 45, which is or tolyltriazole. 47. Corrosion inhibitor additive is about 50wtppm ~ 15wt 46. The metalworking composition of claim 45, which is present in an amount in the range of%. 48. The solution comprises from about 0.5 to about 70% by weight of the polymer, wherein the corrosion inhibitor is The benzotriazole and the basic additive is sodium carbonate. 2. The method according to 1. 49. The solution comprises about 5 to about 15% by weight of the polymer and potassium carbonate 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the solution is present in an amount up to about 7% by weight. 50. The cutting in which the metalworking is selected from the group consisting of threading, polishing and shaping 3. The method of claim 2, wherein