WO2000014192A2

WO2000014192A2 - Water soluble composition(s) and method for inhibiting residue formation during use of same

Info

Publication number: WO2000014192A2
Application number: PCT/US1999/018835
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michael L. Trehy; Timothy K. Hirzel; Dennis J. Kalota
Original assignee: Solutia Inc.
Priority date: 1998-09-04
Filing date: 1999-09-03
Publication date: 2000-03-16
Also published as: WO2000014192A3; AU5679199A

Abstract

A water soluble composition comprising a fluid concentrate comprising one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of amino acids, polyamino acids, phosphonates, benzotriazole and its derivative(s), carbonates, ortho- and polyphosphates, ortho- and polyborates, and polycarboxylic acids, mixtures thereof and the like in a form which forms a solid residue upon loss of water, particularly salt form, and a residue inhibiting composition selected from dihydric alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, a polymer(s) containing hydroxyl functional groups or mixtures thereof and the like, in an amount effective to inhibit formation of residues of said compounds is disclosed with a method of inhibiting residue formation during an operation using the above composition that has been diluted. Also disclosed are a metal working composition which comprises a metal working fluid concentrate containing metal working adjuvants in a form which forms solid residue upon loss of water, particularly salt form and a residue inhibiting composition selected from dihydric alcohols, polyhydric alcohols or mixtures thereof and the like in an amount effective to inhibit formation of a residue(s) of the metal working adjuvant(s), and a method of inhibiting residue formation during a metal working operation using the above metal working composition that has been diluted.

Description

TITLE OF THE INVENTION

WATER SOLUBLE COMPOSITION(S) AND METHOD FOR INHIBITING RESIDUE FORMATION DURING USE OF SAME

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to water soluble compositions comprising one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of amino acids, polyamino acids, phosphonates, benzotriazole and its derivative(s), carbonates, ortho- and polyphosphates, ortho- and polyborates, and polycarboxylic acids, mixtures thereof and the like in a form which forms a solid residue upon loss of water, particularly in salt form. This invention further relates to a method of inhibiting salt residue formation from such materials with water. More in particular this invention relates to water soluble metal working compositions and further more particularly relates to a method of inhibiting salt residue formation from an aqueous metal working fluid.

Aqueous salts of amino acids, polyamino acids and polycarboxylic acids, among other compounds mentioned herein, tend to form tacky residues and/or solid residues on evaporation of water. The inventors have discovered that the addition of an appropriate effective amount of one or more of a dihydric alcohol(s), a polyhydric alcohol(s), and a polymer(s) containing hydroxyl functional groups and mixtures thereof and the like can prevent or slow the formation of a solid residue which results from evaporation of water.

The use of aqueous fluids containing certain additives or adjuvants in a form which forms a solid residue upon loss of water, particularly in salt form, including alkali metal or amine salts of the compounds mentioned herein and the like including but not limited to amino acids, polyamino acids, and polycarboxylic acids produce residues on loss of water which split into more than one phase and can form a separate solid phase. When aqueous metal working fluids are employed containing certain additive(s) or an adjuvant(s) in salt form, particularly alkali metals or amine salts as for example those used in metal working operations, those salt(s) sometime separate from the metal working fluid during use and form hard residue(s) on the machines and metal parts during the metal working operation. This formation of residue on the machines and metal parts is undesirable and results in numerous problems for the metal working operation.

It has now been surprisingly discovered that addition of an effective amount of one or more of a dihydric alcohol, or a polyhydric alcohol, a polymer(s) containing hydroxyl functional groups or a mixture thereof, to an aqueous composition containing one or more chemicals selected from the group consisting of amino acids, polyamino acids, phosphonates, benzotriazole and its derivative(s), carbonates, ortho- and polyphosphates, ortho- and polyborates, or polycarboxylic acids, or mixtures thereof and the like in a form which forms a solid residue upon loss of water, particularly in a salt form, inhibit the formation of residue(s) during use of the fluid due to loss of water from the fluid. Improved results are noted when an alcohol(s) having two or more hydroxyl groups such as ethylene glycol, and preferably containing three or more hydroxyl groups, such as glycerol and polyvinyl alcohol are employed therein as a residue inhibiting composition of this invention.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the invention to provide a method for inhibiting residue formation during operations using the aqueous compositions of the invention.

It is a further object of the invention to provide aqueous fluid compositions comprising one or more chemicals selected from the group consisting of amino acids, polyamino acids, phosphonates, benzotriazole and its derivative(s), carbonates, ortho- and polyphosphates, ortho- and polyborates, or polycarboxylic acids or mixtures thereof and the like, in a form which can form a solid residue upon loss of water, particularly in a salt form with a dihydric or a polyhydric alcohol(s) or a polymer(s) containing hydroxyl functional groups or a mixture(s) thereof and the like. The inhibition of the solid residue is accomplished by the addition of an appropriate effective amount of an inhibitor selected from dihydric or polyhydric alcohols, or a polymer containing hydroxyl functional groups or a mixture(s) thereof and the like.

It is an additional object of the invention to provide a method for inhibiting or slowing residue formation during operations using the aqueous compositions of the invention.

It is yet an additional object of the invention to provide a method for inhibiting or slowing residue formation during metal working operations using the aqueous compositions of the invention.

The above objectives and other objectives are met in this invention which is more particularly described hereinafter without limitation.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the invention, in a first embodiment a composition is provided which comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of amino acids, polyamino acids, phosphonates, benzotriazole and its derivative(s), carbonates, ortho- and polyphosphates, ortho- and polyborates, or polycarboxylic acids, mixtures thereof and the like and other additives (as in a fluid concentrate) in a form which forms a solid residue upon loss of water, particularly a salt(s) form, and a residue inhibiting composition in an amount effective to inhibit formation of residues of said compound(s), wherein the residue inhibiting composition is selected from the group consisting of one or more of a dihydric alcohol(s), a polyhydric alcohol(s), a polymer(s) containing hydroxyl functional groups, mixtures thereof and the like.

In another embodiment a metal working composition is provided which comprises a metal working fluid concentrate containing metal working adjuvants in a form which forms a solid residue upon loss of water, particularly salt form, and a residue inhibiting composition in an amount effective to inhibit formation of residues of the metal working adjuvant(s) salts, wherein the residue inhibiting composition is selected from the group consisting of a dihydric alcohol(s), a polyhydric alcohol(s), a polymer(s) containing hydroxyl functional groups, mixtures thereof and the like.

Further, according to the invention, a method of inhibiting gummy or solid residue formation during loss of water (or evaporation or removal) from the aqueous composition containing an adjuvant(s) as herein recited in a form which forms a solid residue on loss of water, particularly in salt form is provided.

Also, according to the invention, a method of inhibiting residue formation during a metal working operation using an aqueous metal working composition containing a metal working adjuvant(s) is provided which comprises providing the residue inhibiting composition of the invention to an aqueous metal working fluid composition in an amount effective to inhibit or slow the formation of residues of the metal working adjuvant(s). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING

(NOT APPLICABLE)

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

A first embodiment of this invention relates to a composition comprising one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of amino acids, polyamino acids, phosphonates, benzotriazole and its derivative(s), carbonates, ortho and polyphosphates, ortho and polyborates, or polycarboxylic acids, mixtures thereof and the like, in a form which forms a solid residue upon loss of water, particularly a salt form, in an aqueous fluid concentrate, and a residue inhibiting composition in an amount effective to inhibit formation of residues of the aforementioned compound(s) wherein the residue inhibiting composition is selected from the group consisting of a dihydric. alcohol(s),a polyhydric alcohol(s), a polymer(s) containing hydroxyl functional groups, mixtures thereof and the like.

Another embodiment of the invention relates to a metal working composition in a form which forms a residue upon loss of water particularly a salt form, comprising (a) a metal working fluid concentrate comprising metal working adjuvant(s) and (b) a residue inhibiting composition in an amount effective to inhibit formation of residues of the metal working adjuvant(s) when the metal working fluid concentrate is diluted and used in a metal working operation, wherein the residue inhibiting composition is selected from a dihydric alcohol(s), a polyhydric alcohol(s), a polymer(s) containing hydroxyl functional groups or mixtures thereof and the like.

Preferred polymers containing hydroxyl functional groups is one which contains a plurality of hydroxyl groups sufficient to satisfy the residue inhibiting composition, for example, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyglycerol will have at least one hydroxyl group per repeating unit thereof. The residue inhibiting compositions of the invention are selected from a dihydric alcohol(s), a polyhydric alcohol(s), a polymer(s) containing hydroxyl functional groups, mixtures thereof and the like. Preferably the residue inhibiting compositions are those having three or more hydroxyl groups. Examples of suitable residue inhibiting compositions include, but are not limited to, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, polyglycerol, polyvinyl alcohol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, mixtures thereof and the like. Preferred residue inhibiting compositions include but are not limited to those compositions which are liquid at room temperature. The currently preferred residue inhibiting composition is glycerol due to its effectiveness in inhibiting residue formation in a variety of aqueous metal working fluids.

The amount of residue inhibiting composition of the invention used in the compositions of the invention, i.e. the concentrate, is that amount effective to inhibit formation of residues of adjuvant(s) during the operation when water is evaporated from the diluted composition of this invention. Typically when glycerol is employed as a residue inhibiting composition in the practice of this invention, the weight ratio of glycerol to one or more chemicals selected from the group consisting of amino acids, polyamino acids, phosphonates, benzotriazole and its derivative(s), carbonates, ortho- and polyphosphates, ortho- and polyborates, or polycarboxylic acids, mixtures thereof the like, in a form which forms a solid residue upon loss of water, particularly salt form, is at least about 0.2/1, is preferably at least about 0.5/1 and is more preferably at least about 1/1. Those of skill in the art will recognize that this weight ratio may be varied and adjusted according to several factors including the particular water soluble composition employed and residue inhibiting composition employed (other than glycerol). When the water soluble composition comprises polyaspartic acid, and optimally other metal working salt adjuvants, and glycerol is employed as a residue inhibiting composition of this invention, solid residue forms only when the concentration of water is less than about 20 weight %. A sufficient quantity of water will be employed in practicing this invention, the quantity of which will vary according to several factors such as but not limited to the compounds employed, the residue inhibiting composition employed and the like.

Those of skill in the art will recognize after reading this specification that one or more of the residue forming compounds herein recited may at times and under some conditions form a solid residue upon loss of water when such compounds might be wholly or in part in an acid or partially acidified form, a salt form or other form. However it is intended that the claims of this application encompass such situations and such forms.

The composition(s) and metal working compositions of the invention are diluted with a diluent, preferably water, prior to use in any operation for example in a metal working operation. When the compositions (containing glycerol as a residue inhibiting composition for example) are so diluted, the diluted compositions, preferably aqueous compositions, of the invention typically contain a weight ratio of glycerol to one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of amino acids, polyamino acids, phosphonates, benzotriazole and its derivative(s), carbonates, ortho- and polyphosphates, ortho- and polyborates, or polycarboxylic acids, mixtures thereof and the like, in salt form is at least about 0.2/1 , preferably at least about 0.5/1 and more preferably at least about

1/1. Those of skill in the art will recognize that the aforecited ratio(s) may be varied and adjusted according to several factors including factors such as the particular water soluble dilute composition employed along with the particular residue inhibiting composition employed if desired. Such adjustment may be carried out when the residue inhibiting composition is other than glycerol.

The salt form(s) of the water soluble composition(s) herein are preferably the alkali metal salt or amine salts of these compounds. The metal working fluid concentrates and diluted metal working fluid concentrates suitable for use in the invention include, but are not limited to, those fluids described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,401,428 and 5,616,544 both patents of which are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference and in PCT published application WO 98/08919 which is also incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

The cuπently prefeπed metal working fluid concentrates and diluted metal working fluid concentrates of the invention typically contain a polyaspartic polymer in the acid, salt or amide form thereof, wherein the concentration of the polyaspartic polymer is in the range of from about 0.5 wt. % to about 70 wt. %, preferably about 3 wt. % to about

50 wt. %, of the metal working composition. The polyaspartic polymers for use in the invention include those described in U.S. Patent No. 5,616,544 which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

One or more various adjuvants or additives may be employed in the metal working compositions of the invention if desired to enhance or contribute properties which enable broader function or better performance with respect to the use of the compositions in metal working applications. The types of additives include corrosion inhibitors, oxidation inhibitors, antifoam agents, biocides, emulsification agents, viscosity modifiers, coupling agents, lubricants, pH buffers, wetting agents, and antiwear and antifriction agents, mixtures thereof and the like.

Lubricants employed in this invention may be of several kinds, including simple, hydrodynamic, boundary, and extreme pressure lubricants. A particularly useful class of lubricants are the polycarboxylic acids or salts thereof having two or more carboxylic acid groups. Examples of applicable polycarboxylic acid or salts thereof include, but are not limited to, butane tetracarboxylic acid, succinic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, propane tricarboxylic acid, hexane tricarboxylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, citric acid, the salts thereof, mixture thereof and the like. The preferred polycarboxylic acids are butane tetracarboxylic acid and salts thereof, and succinic acid and salts thereof mixtures thereof and the like.

Corrosion inhibitors for a variety of metals can be employed in the metal working compositions of the invention. Typical examples of corrosion inhibitors known in the art are zinc chromate, dithiophosphates such as zinc dithiophosphate, metal sulfonates wherein the metal is an alkali metal, alkanolamines such as ethanolamine and substitued alkanolamines wherein the backbone of the alkyl group is substituted to provide various properties, aryltriazoles or salts thereof such as benzotriazole, tolyltriazole, 5-ethylbenzotriazole and 5-butylbenzotriazole, 3-amino-l,2,4-triazole, mixtures of aryltriazoles or 3-amino-l,2,4-triazole with amido acids or salts thereof, alkyl amines such as hexylamine and triethanolamine, borate compounds such as sodium borate and mixtures of borates with amines, carboxylic acids including polyaspartic acid at high pH (10 and above)and alkyl amido carboxylic acids, sodium molybdate, boric acid ester such as monobenzyl borate and boric acid with various ethanol amines (also acting as a biostat), benzoic acid, nitro derivatives of benzoic acid, ammonium benzoate, hydroxybenzoic acid, sodium benzoate, triethanolamine salts of carboxylic acids with a carboxymethyl thio group such as l-l-(carboxymethylthio) undecanoic acid tri ethanol amine salt. A more thorough review of corrosion inhibitors is provided by Aruna Bahadur in a publication entitled "Chromate Substitutes For Corrosion Inhibitors in Cooling Water

Systems" appearing in Corrosion Reviews, 11(1-2), pp. 105-122, 1993 which is incorporated herein by reference.

The alkanolamine compounds also function as a pH stabilizer and include, but are not limited to, triethanolamine, l,3-bis[tris(hydroxymethyl)- methylaminojpropane, mixtures thereof and the like.

Biocides that can be used in the metal working compositions of the invention include those conventional biocides that are known in the art. Examples of biocides include, but are not limited to, l,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one known as Proxel, poly(oxy- 1 ,2-ethanediyl(dimethylimino)- 1 ,2-ethanediyl(dimethylimino)- 1 ,2-ethanediyl dichloride) known as Busan 77, mixtures thereof and the like.

Another embodiment of the invention relates to a method of inhibiting residue formation during a metal working operation using an aqueous metal working fluid comprising metal working adjuvants in a form which forms a solid residue upon loss of water, particularly salt form, the method comprising providing the residue inhibiting composition of the invention to an aqueous metal working fluid in an amount effective to inhibit formation of residues of the metal working adjuvant(s).

The residue inhibiting composition of the invention can be provided, e.g. added, to a metal working fluid concentrate comprising metal working adjuvants prior to dilution to form the aqueous metal working fluid used in the metal working operation. In the alternative, the residue inhibiting composition of the invention can be provided, e.g. added, to the diluted metal working fluid concentrate comprising metal working adjuvants prior to use in the metal working operation.

The metal working compositions of the invention are useful in various metal working operations including, but not limited to, cutting, threading, bending, grinding, broaching, tapping, planing, gear shaping, reaming, deep hole drilling/gundrilling, drilling, boring, hobbing, milling, turning, sawing and shaping of various ferrous and non-ferrous metals. The metal working compositions of the invention are useful in the various metal working operations noted above with any number of types of metals. In particular, they are useful in working ferrous metals such as iron, steel

(carbon steel and low alloy carbon steel), and stainless steel. Non-ferrous metals which can be worked with metal working compositions of this invention include, but are not limited to, titanium, zirconium, copper, brass, nickel, cobalt, magnesium, aluminum and alloys thereof. Such metals are safely worked with lubricity supplied by the aqueous metal working fluids of this invention.

Example 1 is provided to illustrate the practice of this invention and is provided by way of illustration and is not intended to limit the invention in any way. All percents and any parts are by weight unless otherwise indicated.

EXAMPLES

Example 1

In Example 1 herein, illustrative of this invention, a metal working fluid is described containing polyaspartic acid and glycerol which forms a single phase oil-like residue when water is lost (due to evaporation).

The following metal working fluid concentrates were prepared:

No. 1 No. 2

Wt. % Wt. %

Glycerol 20.0 20.0

Potassium polyaspartate 8.37 8.37

Dipotassium phosphate 9.17 9.17

Potassium carbonate 1.3 1.3

Potassium benzotriazole 2.375 2.375

Triethanolamine 0 20.0

Water 58.785 38.785

The two concentrates above were diluted with water to produce a diluted (ready to use) aqueous metal working fluid illustrative of this invention containing 2 wt. % glycerol. The two samples were then were tested in a residue test in which 5 grams of the sample was placed in a petri dish and the petri dish then placed in a dry box at conditions of 23°C and 33% Relative Humidity. The samples were held at the above dry box conditions for

110 hours to observe the samples as the water evaporated. Both samples stayed homogenous with the salts remaining dissolved throughout this entire test as the water evaporated indicating excellent inhibition of residue formation.

Although the invention has been described in terms of specific embodiments which are set forth in considerable detail, it should be understood that this description is by way of illustration only and that the invention is not necessarily limited thereto, since alternative embodiments and operating techniques will become apparent to those skilled in the art (in view of the disclosure) herein. Accordingly, modifications are contemplated which can be made without departing from the spirit of the described invention.

Claims

CLAIM OR CLAIMS

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

A water soluble composition comprising:

(a) an aqueous fluid concentrate comprising one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of amino acids, polyamino acids, phosphonates, benzotriazole and its derivative(s), carbonates, ortho- and polyphosphates, ortho- and polyborates, and polycarboxylic acid or mixture(s) thereof in a form which forms a solid residue, and

(b) a residue inhibiting composition selected from a dihydric alcohol(s), polyhydric alcohol(s), a polymer(s) containing hydroxyl functional groups or a mixture(s) thereof, in an amount effective to inhibit formation of a residue(s) of said compound(s) of (a).

2. The composition of claim 1 wherein said chemical is in a salt form and said residue inhibiting composition is selected from glycerol, ethylene glycol, polyglycerol, polyvinyl alcohol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, 1,2-propylene glycol,

1,3-propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol or mixtures thereof.

3. The composition of claim 2 wherein said residue inhibiting composition comprises glycerol.

4. The composition of claim 3 wherein the weight ratio of glycerol to one or more of said compounds of (a) is at least about 0.2/1.

5. The composition of claim 1 further comprising a diluent in an amount to form a diluted composition.

6. The composition of claim 5 wherein said residue inhibiting composition is glycerol.

7. A method of inhibiting residue formation in an aqueous fluid comprising one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of amino acids, polyamino acids, phosphonates, benzotriazole and its derivative(s), carbonates, ortho- and polyphosphates, ortho- and polyborates, and polycarboxylic acid, or mixture(s) thereof in a form which forms a solid residue upon loss of water, said method comprising providing a residue inhibiting composition selected from a dihydric alcohol(s), a polyhydric alcohol(s) or mixtures thereof to said aqueous fluid in an amount effective to inhibit formation of a residue(s) of said compound(s).

8. The method of claim 7 wherein said residue inhibiting composition is added to a fluid concentrate comprising one or more of said compound(s) prior to dilution to form said aqueous fluid.

9. The method of claim 7 wherein said residue inhibiting composition is added to a diluted fluid concentrate comprising one or more of said compound(s) prior to use.

10. The method of claim 7 wherein said residue inhibiting composition comprises glycerol and the weight ratio of glycerol to one or more compound(s) is at least about 0.2/1.

11. A metal working composition comprising:

(a) a metal working fluid concentrate comprising metal working adjuvants in a form which form(s) a solid residue(s), and

(b) a residue inhibiting composition selected from dihydric alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, polymers containing hydroxyl functional groups or mixtures thereof, in an amount effective to inhibit formation of a residue(s) of metal working adjuvant(s) when said metal working fluid concentrate is diluted and used in a metal working operation.

12. The metal working composition of claim 11 wherein said residue inhibiting composition is selected from glycerol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipropylene glycol or mixtures thereof.

13. The metal working composition of claim 11 wherein said residue inhibiting composition comprises glycerol.

14. The metal working composition of claim 11 further comprising a diluent in an amount to form a diluted metal working composition for use in a metal working operation.

15. The metal working composition of claim 14 wherein said residue inhibiting composition is selected from glycerol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipropylene glycol or mixtures thereof.

16. The metal working composition of claim 15 wherein the weight ratio of glycerol to one or more of said metal working adjuvants(s) is at least about 0.2/1.

17. A method of inhibiting residue formation during a metal working operation using an aqueous metal working fluid comprising a metal working adjuvant(s) in a form which forms a solid residue(s) upon loss of water, said method comprising providing a residue inhibiting composition selected from dihydric alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, a polymer(s) containing hydroxyl functional groups, or mixtures thereof to said aqueous metal working fluid in an amount effective to inhibit formation of residues of the metal working adjuvant(s).

18. The method of claim 17 wherein said residue inhibiting composition is added to a metal working fluid concentrate comprising metal working adjuvants in salt form prior to dilution to form said aqueous metal working fluid used in the metal working operation.

19. The method of claim 17 wherein said residue inhibiting composition is added to a diluted metal working fluid concentrate comprising metal working adjuvants in salt form prior to use in the metal working operation.