JP2002372385A - Heat exchanging system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To evaporate sprayed water surely on the surface of a heat exchanger in a heat exchanging system where the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger is enhanced by spraying water to the heat exchanger and utilizing the evaporation latent heat of water. SOLUTION: Water is sprayed to a heat exchanger over a range as wide as possible, or a water film is spread as much as possible on the surface of the heat exchanger. A spray unit 440 having a plurality of spray nozzles is thereby provided. Alternatively, spray units 441-443 are made of tubular members and each tubular member is provided, on the side facing a heat exchanger 220, with a plurality of holes 441a, 442a, 442b and 443a for spraying water to the heat exchanger 220. Alternatively, surface of a heat exchanger 25 is subjected to hydrophilic treatment. Alternatively, heat exchangers 222 and 223 are provided with water film forming members 222a and 223b for spreading water, sprayed from a spray unit 44, to the surface of the heat exchangers 222 and 223.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat exchanger for spraying (spraying) water on the surface of a heat exchanger and using the latent heat of evaporation of the water to improve the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There has been proposed a heat exchanger in which water is sprayed on a heat exchanger (for example, a radiator) body to evaporate the heat, and the temperature of the heat exchanger is lowered by the latent heat of evaporation of the water to improve the heat radiation capability of the heat exchanger. ing.

[0003]

However, the metal surface constituting the heat exchanger is almost water-repellent, and the sprayed water exists in the form of droplets. Therefore, there is a problem that the sprayed water is difficult to spread uniformly on the surface of the heat exchanger and is difficult to evaporate on the surface of the heat exchanger. If the sprayed water falls from the heat exchanger as a liquid before evaporating, the water is wasted and does not lead to an improvement in the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger. Further, a part of the sprayed water may remain for a long time without evaporating in a space between the fins in a state of a droplet, and may cause rust.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a heat exchanger for spraying water to a heat exchanger and using the latent heat of evaporation of water to improve the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger. The purpose is to ensure evaporation on the exchanger surface.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to efficiently evaporate the water sprayed on the heat exchanger, the present inventors increased the evaporation area by forming a uniform water film on the heat exchanger surface. For this purpose, the present invention was completed by focusing on the fact that it is effective to 1) spray water over the heat exchanger as widely as possible and 2) to spread the water film on the heat exchanger surface as much as possible. .

To achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a heat exchanger (220) and a heat exchanger (22) are provided.
0) is provided with a water spray device (440) for spraying water, and water is sprayed from the water spray device (440) to the heat exchanger (220).
A heat exchange device for improving the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger (220) using latent heat of evaporation of water, the water sprinkler (440).
Is characterized by having a plurality of watering nozzles.

As a result, the water can be sprayed uniformly over a wide area to the heat exchanger (220) to form a water film. Therefore, a water evaporation area can be gained and the heat exchanger (22
0) The heat exchanger (220) surely removes the water sprayed on the surface.
Can be evaporated on the surface.

In the invention according to claim 2, the water sprinkling device (441 to 443) is a tubular member to which the inside is supplied, and the side of the tubular member facing the heat exchanger (220) is provided with: A plurality of holes (441 a, 442 a, 442 b, 4) for dispersing water inside the tubular member to the heat exchanger (220)
43a) is formed. With such a configuration, the same effect as that of the invention described in claim 1 can be obtained. At this time, the injected water spreads downward due to gravity and the surface tension of the water. Therefore, the uppermost position of the heat exchanger is most effective as the injection position.

Further, a plurality of holes (442a, 442b, 4
43a) can be formed so that the water sprayed to the heat exchanger (220) has a different flight distance, as in the third aspect of the invention. Thereby, the spray nozzle (44
The water sprayed from 2) can be spread while spreading in the thickness direction of the heat exchanger (220), and the water is sprayed uniformly over a wide range in the thickness direction of the heat exchanger (220). be able to.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the heat exchanger (220) comprises a fin and a tube,
In the case of a downflow type heat exchanger, it is effective that the intervals between the plurality of holes (442a, 442b, 443a) are formed corresponding to the intervals between the tubes. Thereby, water can be supplied to all the fins.

Further, when the temperature distribution exists in the heat exchanger (224), the plurality of holes (442a, 442b, 443a) are formed in the heat exchanger (2).
In 24), it may be formed at a position corresponding to a portion having a higher temperature than other portions. Thus, the heat exchanger (2
When the temperature of 24) is not uniform, the amount of evaporation can be increased by supplying a large amount of water to a high-temperature portion where evaporation is more likely.

Further, in the invention according to claim 6, the surface of the heat exchanger (221) is subjected to a hydrophilic treatment. Thereby, the wettability of water can be improved and a water film can be easily formed on the surface of the heat exchanger (221). Therefore, the water sprayed from the water sprinkling device spreads uniformly on the surface of the heat exchanger (221), so that a water evaporation area can be gained. Therefore, the heat exchanger (22
1) A heat exchanger (221) for surely dispersing the water sprayed on the surface.
Can be evaporated on the surface.

Specifically, when the heat exchanger (221) is made of aluminum, the hydrophilic treatment is performed on the surface of the heat exchanger (221). It can be a coating of a hydrophilic resin.

[0014] In the invention according to claim 8, the heat exchanger (222, 223) has a water film for diffusing water sprayed from the water sprinkler (440) to the surface of the heat exchanger (222, 223). It is characterized in that forming members (222a, 223b) are provided. With such a configuration, the water sprayed to the heat exchangers (222, 223) by the water spray device spreads on the surfaces of the heat exchangers (222, 223), and the water film area can be increased. Therefore, the evaporation area of the water can be increased on the surface of the heat exchanger (222, 223), and the water sprayed on the surface of the heat exchanger (222, 223) can be surely removed from the surface of the heat exchanger (222, 223). Can be evaporated.

Further, the invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that the water film forming member (222a) is configured to be storable. Accordingly, when it is not necessary to spray water, the water film forming member (222a) can be stored to prevent dust from adhering and prevent rust from being generated in the heat exchanger due to the dust adhering. can do.

[0016] In the invention according to claim 10, the heat exchanger (220, 225, 226) and the water spray device (444, 445, 446) for spraying water to the heat exchanger are provided.
Water is sprayed from a sprinkler to a heat exchanger, and the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger is improved by utilizing latent heat of evaporation of the water. Member (444) having a plurality of holes (444a) for allowing water to flow out, and a diffusion member (445, 446) for diffusing water flowing out of the cylindrical member and supplying the water to the heat exchanger.
And characterized in that:

Thus, the water can be diffused once by the diffusion member and then supplied to the heat exchanger, so that the water can be supplied uniformly by the heat exchanger, and the water film is formed on the surface of the heat exchanger. It can be formed more uniformly. As a result, the evaporating area on the heat exchanger surface can be increased, and the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger can be improved.

Further, as in the invention according to claim 11,
The diffusion member (445, 446) is a plate-like member arranged below the tubular member so as to contact the heat exchanger, and is arranged such that the side contacting the heat exchanger is lower than the opposite side. Things.

According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the surface of the diffusion member against which water flowing out of the cylindrical member collides is a groove (446b) for promoting the diffusion of water toward the side in contact with the heat exchanger. Is formed.

By providing grooves on the surface of the diffusion member, water can easily spread on the diffusion member using surface tension. Thereby, the water injected from the cylindrical member can be more uniformly supplied to the heat exchanger, and the evaporation area on the heat exchanger surface can be increased.

Further, the invention according to the thirteenth aspect is characterized in that a surface of the diffusion member, on which water flowing out from the cylindrical member collides, is subjected to a hydrophilic treatment. By applying the hydrophilic treatment to the surface as described above, the same effect as that of claim 14 can be obtained.

Further, the hydrophilic treatment can be performed by coating with a hydrophilic resin as in the invention of claim 14, or, as in the invention of claim 15,
It can be performed by satin finish.

[0023] In the invention according to claim 16, a plurality of watering devices are arranged.

As described above, by providing a plurality of watering devices and reducing the amount of water sprayed from each watering device, the water film formed on the surface of the heat exchanger can be made thin. Thus, the amount of water that separates from the heat exchanger due to the wind passing through the heat exchanger can be reduced, and the amount of water that is effectively used for cooling the heat exchanger can be increased.

In the invention according to claim 17, the heat exchanger has fins, and the fins are arranged such that the leeward side of the wind passing through the heat exchanger is higher than the leeward side. And

By arranging the fins higher toward the leeward side, the amount of water blown off by the wind passing through the heat exchanger can be reduced. Thereby, the evaporation area on the heat exchanger surface can be enlarged, and the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger can be improved.

In order to arrange the fins such that the leeward side of the wind passing through the heat exchanger is higher than the leeward side, the upper part of the heat exchanger itself may be arranged inclined to the leeward side. It may be arranged at an angle.

In the invention according to claim 18, the water sprinkling device (440-4) in the heat exchanger (220-224) is provided.
43), a filter (500) that is disposed near the side where water is sprayed and that removes dust in the air. With such a configuration, dust can be removed from the air in contact with the heat exchanger surface, and even when water is sprayed on the heat exchanger, dust can be prevented from adhering to the heat exchanger surface. . Thereby, rust can be prevented from being generated in the heat exchanger.

In the invention according to claim 19, the water sprinkling device (440-443) is provided with a heat exchanger (220-22).
The feature of (4) is that water having a flow rate larger than that required for cooling the heat exchangers (220 to 224) is periodically sprayed. With such a configuration, even if dust adheres to the surface of the heat exchanger, it can be washed away with a large amount of water, and the dust can be removed from the surface of the heat exchanger. This allows
Rust can be prevented from being generated in the heat exchanger.

According to the twentieth aspect, the heat exchanger (220, 221 to 28) is a fuel cell (10) that generates electric energy by a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen.
0) is cooled by heat exchange.

Normally, a fuel cell system requires a cooling water temperature (about 80 ° C.) lower than the cooling temperature of the internal combustion engine (about 100 ° C.). That is, since the temperature difference between the cooling water temperature and the outside air temperature is small, it is disadvantageous for cooling by the heat exchanger. Furthermore, since the amount of heat rejected by the main body and the exhaust is smaller than that of the internal combustion engine, the amount of heat that must be radiated by the heat exchanger increases. From the above two points, the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger is insufficient particularly under a high load. For this reason, the heat exchange device that improves the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger using the latent heat of evaporation of water as in the present invention can be particularly suitably used for a fuel cell system.

Further, in the invention according to claim 21, the fuel cell (100) is mounted on an electric vehicle, and the fuel cell (1) is mounted on the electric vehicle.
00) supplies electric power to a traveling motor of an electric vehicle. In particular, in the case of a heat exchange device having a water spray device capable of spraying water over a wide range from a short distance to the surface of the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger and the water spray device can be arranged at a short distance, and heat exchange can be performed. Since the device can be made compact, it is advantageous for mounting on a vehicle.

[0033] Further, the invention according to claim 22 is characterized in that the heat exchanger cools the refrigerant which has been compressed by the compressor in the refrigeration cycle and has become high temperature and high pressure. Thereby, the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle can be increased, and the power of the compressor of the refrigeration cycle can be reduced.

The reference numerals in parentheses of the above means indicate the correspondence with specific means described in the embodiments described later.

[0035]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS (First Embodiment) Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The heat exchange device of the first embodiment is applied to a vehicular fuel cell system mounted on an electric vehicle (fuel cell vehicle) that runs using a fuel cell as a power source.

FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of the on-vehicle fuel cell system according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the fuel cell system of the present embodiment includes a fuel cell (FC stack) 100 that generates electric power using an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. The fuel cell 100 is configured to supply electric power to an electric device such as an inverter (not shown). The inverter converts a DC current supplied from the fuel cell 100 into an AC current, and supplies the AC current to a traveling motor (load) to drive the motor.

The air path 110 and the hydrogen path 12
O, oxygen and hydrogen are supplied to the fuel cell 100 via the fuel cell 100, and unreacted oxygen and hydrogen not used in the chemical reaction are discharged from the fuel cell 100 as exhaust gas.

For the above electrochemical reaction, the fuel cell 1
The electrolyte membrane in 00 needs to be in a wet state containing water. Therefore, as described later, the fuel cell 100
The fuel cell 100 is configured so as to humidify the electrolyte in the fuel cell 100 by humidifying the air and / or hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell 100 and supplying the humidified gas to the fuel cell 100. .

The generated water is generated inside the fuel cell 100 by the above-mentioned electrochemical reaction, and this water is discharged to the outside of the fuel cell 100 while being contained in the exhaust gas.

In the fuel cell 100, heat is generated by a chemical reaction during power generation. The fuel cell 100 needs to be maintained at a constant temperature (for example, about 80 ° C.) during operation for power generation efficiency. Therefore, the fuel cell system includes the fuel cell 100
System 20 for releasing heat generated in the system to the outside
0 to 240 are provided.

The cooling system includes a cooling water circulation path 200 for circulating cooling water (heat medium) through the fuel cell 100, and a water pump 21 for circulating cooling water through the cooling water circulation path 200.
0, a radiator (heat exchanger) 220 that exchanges heat with the outside air (atmosphere) to cool the cooling water. Radiator 220
Is provided with a fan 230 for blowing air cooling.
Is provided with a fan shroud 240. Ventilation is performed by the fan 230 to assist heat exchange in the radiator 220.

The fuel cell system of the first embodiment includes a well-known refrigeration cycle device used for an air conditioner (air conditioner) in a vehicle compartment. In FIG. 1, the refrigeration cycle is not shown except for a condenser 300 which is a high-pressure side heat exchanger that condenses and liquefies the refrigerant gas by releasing the heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas into the atmosphere.

In the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment, the generated water generated at the time of power generation and discharged in the air is recovered downstream of the fuel cell 100 in the air passage 110. A gas-liquid separator 400 is provided. The water separated by the gas-liquid separator 400 is stored in the gas-liquid separator 400. The water stored in the gas-liquid separator 400 is used for supplying water to the fuel cell 100 and cooling the radiator 220.

The gas-liquid separator 400 is provided in the fuel cell system.
A humidification path 410 for supplying the stored water in the air path to the air path 110 and the hydrogen path 120 is provided. The stored water is supplied to the gas passages 110 and 12 through the humidification path 410.
0 and is used for humidifying the air and hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell 100.

The fuel cell system is provided with a spray path 420 for spraying the generated water stored in the gas-liquid separator 400 to the radiator 220. A watering nozzle (watering device) 440 for spraying (spraying) water to the radiator 220 is provided at a distal end portion of the watering path 420. The nozzle 440 is arranged on the windward side (on the vehicle front side) of the radiator 220 or the like. In addition, a water pump 430 for supplying water to the nozzle 440 is provided in the spray passage 420.

Here, the radiator 220 and the nozzle 4
40 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2A is an enlarged front view of the radiator 220 and the nozzle 440, and FIG. 2B is a side view. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, a plurality of nozzles 440 are provided so as to face the radiator 220. The plurality of nozzles 440 are
They are arranged so as to line up in the horizontal direction. Each nozzle 440
Is configured to inject water toward the upper part of the radiator 220. In addition, the radiator 220 is a down flow type configured by fins and tubes.

The fuel cell system of this embodiment is provided with a control unit (ECU) (not shown) for performing various controls. A required power signal from a load, a cooling water temperature signal from a temperature sensor (not shown), and the like are input to the control unit. The control unit includes the radiator fan 230, the water pump 21
It is configured to output control signals to 0, 430, etc., and performs water injection control to the radiator 220 based on the cooling water temperature.

Hereinafter, the operation of the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment will be described.

First, electric energy is generated in the fuel cell 100 by supplying air and hydrogen to the fuel cell 100. Electric power generated by the fuel cell 100 is supplied to a traveling motor and the like.

The power generation generates heat in the fuel cell 100. The heat generated in the fuel cell 100 is supplied to the cooling water circuit 2
The cooling water is transmitted to the cooling water circulating in the inside 00, and the cooling water is cooled by the radiator 220 exchanging heat with the outside air. The cooling water cooled by the radiator 220 is supplied to the fuel cell 100
And the fuel cell 100 is cooled. Thereby, the fuel cell 100 is kept at a constant temperature (for example, 8
(About 0 ° C.).

[0051] Of the air and hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell 100, unreacted gas not used in the electrochemical reaction is exhausted from the fuel cell as exhaust gas. Water generated by the electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell 100 is discharged from the fuel cell 100 in a state of being included in the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas discharged from the air path 110 of the fuel cell 100 is introduced into the gas-liquid separator 400. The water contained in the exhaust gas is separated and stored in the gas-liquid separator 400.

A part of the recovered water stored in the gas-liquid separator 400 is supplied to the air path 110 and the hydrogen path 120 via the humidification path 410, and is used for humidifying the air and the hydrogen. Thereby, the humidified air and hydrogen are supplied to the fuel cell 100, and the electrolyte membrane inside the fuel cell 100 can be humidified.

A part of the recovered water stored in the gas-liquid separator 400 is sprayed by the water pump 430 onto the spray path 4.
20 to the nozzle 440 and the radiator 220
Sprayed on. The sprayed water evaporates on the surface of the radiator 220, and the radiator 220 is cooled by the latent heat of evaporation. Thereby, the cooling capacity of the radiator 220 can be improved.

At this time, the nozzle 440 is connected to the radiator 22
Since a plurality of water are provided so as to oppose zero, water is sprayed uniformly over a wide range to the radiator 220 to form a water film. Further, the nozzle 440 injects water toward the upper part of the radiator 220. The water uniformly sprayed on the upper part of the radiator 220 drips downward along the radiator surface. Thereby, the evaporation area of water can be gained, and the water sprayed on the surface of the radiator 220 can be reliably evaporated on the surface of the radiator 220. In order to increase the evaporation area, it is desirable to spray water on the top of the radiator 220. Furthermore, since the water sprayed on the surface of the radiator 220 can be quickly evaporated on the surface of the radiator 220, it is possible to prevent the radiator 220 from generating rust.

Further, in a normal fuel cell system, a cooling water temperature (about 80 ° C.) lower than the cooling temperature of the internal combustion engine (about 100 ° C.) is required. That is, since the temperature difference between the cooling water temperature and the outside air temperature is small, the radiator 220
It is disadvantageous for cooling by. Furthermore, since the amount of heat rejected by the main body and the exhaust is smaller than that of the internal combustion engine, the amount of heat that must be radiated by the heat exchanger increases. Above 2
In view of this, the cooling capacity of the radiator 220 is insufficient, especially at a high load. Therefore, as in the first embodiment,
A heat exchange device that improves the cooling capacity of the radiator 220 using the latent heat of vaporization of water can be particularly suitably used for a fuel cell system.

Further, according to the configuration in which a plurality of nozzles 440 are provided as in the first embodiment, the radiator 220
Even if water is sprayed from a short distance, water can be sprayed uniformly over a wide area on the surface of the radiator 220. Therefore, the radiator 220 and the nozzle 440 can be arranged close to each other, and the heat exchange device can be made compact, which is advantageous for mounting on a vehicle.

(Second Embodiment) Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of a nozzle (water spray device) for spraying water to a radiator (heat exchanger). The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 3A is an enlarged front view of a radiator (heat exchanger) 220 and a watering nozzle 441 of the second embodiment, FIG. 3B is a side view, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a nozzle 441.

As shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C, the second
The watering nozzle 441 of the embodiment is a cylindrical member, and is configured so that water is supplied to the inside through the watering path 420. The watering nozzle 441 is arranged horizontally, and is arranged so that the longitudinal direction is horizontal. The watering nozzle 441 is arranged to face the upper part of the radiator 220. A plurality of holes 441a are formed in a portion of the watering nozzle 441 facing the radiator 220. To increase the evaporation area, the pitch of the holes 441a is formed to correspond to the tube pitch so that water is supplied to all the fins. The cross section of the watering nozzle 441 according to the second embodiment has a rectangular shape, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the cross sectional shape can be arbitrarily selected.

With the watering nozzle 441 having such a configuration, water is supplied to the radiator 22 in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
Since the water can be sprayed uniformly over a wide area at the top of the radiator 220, a water evaporation area can be increased, and the water sprayed on the surface of the radiator 220 can be reliably evaporated on the surface of the radiator 220.

Even if water is sprayed from a short distance from the radiator 220, water can be sprayed uniformly over a wide area on the surface of the radiator 220.
And the nozzle 441 can be arranged close to each other, and the heat exchange device can be made compact, which is advantageous for mounting on a vehicle.

(Third Embodiment) Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The third embodiment is different from the second embodiment in the configuration of a sprinkler for spraying water to the heat exchanger. The same parts as those in the above embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 4A is a front view of a watering nozzle (watering device) 442 of the third embodiment, and FIG. 4B is a sectional view of the watering nozzle 442 and the heat exchanger 220.
(C) is a figure which shows the modification of the watering nozzle 442.

The watering nozzle 442 of the third embodiment is a cylindrical member configured to be supplied with water similarly to the second embodiment. In the third embodiment, a plurality of holes 442a and 442b are formed on the side of the cylindrical member facing the radiator 220, the positions of which are vertically shifted. In the inside of the watering nozzle 442, the water pressure in the lower part is higher than that in the upper part by the amount of the liquid head.
The water jetted from 2b will fly farther.

Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 4B, water can be sprayed on the radiator 220 from the upper hole 442a to the vicinity of the water spray nozzle 442, and water can be sprayed from the lower hole 442b to the far side of the water spray nozzle 442. be able to. With such a configuration, the water sprayed from the spray nozzle 442 can be spread while spreading in the thickness direction of the radiator 220 (the left-right direction in FIG. 4B), and a wide range of water can be spread in the thickness direction of the radiator 220. Water can be uniformly sprayed over the entire area.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4A, the holes 442a and 442b are formed so as to be shifted in the vertical direction, and the present invention is not limited to the structure utilizing the difference in water pressure. The same effect can be obtained by forming the holes.

When the flow rate of water is large, the lower hole 4
Water is jetted from the upper hole 442a in addition to the hole 42b, and when the flow rate of water is small, water is jetted only from the lower hole 442b. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4C, the number of the holes 442b formed below is made smaller than the number of the holes 442a above, so that the injection speed can be prevented from lowering even in the case of a small injection amount.

(Fourth Embodiment) Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the heat exchanger. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 5A is a front view of a radiator (heat exchanger) 221 according to the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 5B is a side view. As shown in FIG. 5, the radiator 221 of the fourth embodiment has a surface subjected to a hydrophilic treatment. In the fourth embodiment, a radiator 2 made of aluminum is used.
21 is used, and the surface is coated with a hydrophilic resin as a hydrophilic treatment. The hydrophilic treatment applied to the surface of the heat exchanger is not limited to coating with a hydrophilic resin, and may be appropriately selected according to the type of the heat exchanger, such as boehmite treatment.

As in the fourth embodiment, the heat exchanger 221
By performing hydrophilic treatment on the surface of the heat exchanger 221, the wettability of water can be improved, and a water film can be easily formed on the surface of the heat exchanger 221. Therefore, the water sprayed from the water sprinkling device spreads uniformly on the surface of the heat exchanger 221, so that a water evaporation area can be gained. Thereby, the radiator 22
The water sprayed on one surface can be reliably evaporated on the radiator 221 surface.

(Fifth Embodiment) Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The fifth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the heat exchanger. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 6A is a front view of a radiator (heat exchanger) 222 of the fifth embodiment, FIG. 6B is a side view, and FIG. 6C is a liquid film forming member. It is a side view at the time of storing. As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, a mesh-shaped metal wick (metal mesh) is provided on the front surface of the radiator 222, that is, on the vehicle traveling direction side when the vehicle is mounted and on the side where water is sprayed by the water spray device. 222a is provided. The metal wick 222a constitutes a water film forming member that forms a liquid film on the surface of the radiator 222 with water sprayed from the water spray device. Metal wick 2
The reference numeral 22 a is disposed so as to be in close contact with the surface of the radiator 222.

With such a configuration, the water sprayed on the radiator 222 by the water spray device spreads along the metal wick 222a due to the capillary phenomenon, and the water film area can be increased. Therefore, the water sprayed from the water spray device spreads uniformly on the surface of the heat exchanger 222, and the water evaporation area can be increased. Thereby, the water sprayed on the radiator 222 surface can be reliably evaporated on the radiator 222 surface. Further, since the metal wick 222a holds water, it is possible to prevent the metal wick 222a from dropping from the surface of the radiator 222.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6 (c), when the metal wick 222a is not required, the metal wick 222a can be wound up and stored. Thus, it is possible to prevent dust from adhering to the metal wick 222a, and it is possible to prevent rust due to the adhesion of dust.

In the fifth embodiment, the metal wick 222a is configured to cover the entire front surface of the radiator 222, but may be configured to cover only a part thereof. In this case, if a water film is uniformly formed on the radiator 222 in the same manner as in the first and second embodiments, the water can drop down to secure an evaporation area. Therefore, the metal wick 222a is connected to at least the radiator 2
It is desirable to configure so as to cover the upper portion of the upper portion 22.

In the fifth embodiment, the net-like metal wick 222a is used as the water film forming member. However, any other structure may be used as long as the sprayed water can be spread on the heat exchanger surface. Further, the material need not be metal.

In the fifth embodiment, the metal wick 222a is wound up and stored. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the storage method may be any.

(Sixth Embodiment) Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The sixth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the heat exchanger. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 7A is a front view of a radiator (heat exchanger) 223 of the sixth embodiment, FIG. 7B is a side view, and FIG. 7C is a partially enlarged front view. is there.

The heat exchanger of the sixth embodiment is a cross-flow radiator 223 in which tubes through which cooling water flows are arranged horizontally. In the radiator having such a configuration, since the tubes 223a through which the cooling water passes are arranged horizontally, the water sprayed on the radiators is directed downward as compared with a downflow type radiator in which the tubes are arranged vertically. Hard to reach.

Therefore, in the sixth embodiment, the cross-flow radiator 223 is provided with a bar 223b that connects the tubes 223a in the vertical direction as a water film forming member. The material of the bar 223b is not particularly limited as long as it can withstand the heat of the radiator 223, and for example, a sintered metal can be used. With this bar 223b, the water sprayed on the radiator 223 becomes easier to flow downward along the bar 223b, so that the water film area can be enlarged and the water evaporation area can be increased. Thereby, the water sprayed on the radiator 223 surface can be reliably evaporated on the radiator 223 surface.

(Seventh Embodiment) Next, a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The seventh embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a filter is provided in front of the heat exchanger. FIG. 8 shows the overall configuration of the vehicle-mounted fuel cell system according to the seventh embodiment.

When water is sprayed on the radiator 220 using a water spray nozzle or the like to improve the performance of the heat exchanger, dirt (dust) in the air easily adheres to the surface of the radiator 220, and the radiator 220 easily rusts. Sometimes. Therefore, in the seventh embodiment, a filter 500 for removing dust is provided on the side of the radiator 220 where water is sprayed (in the example of FIG. 8, the front side of the vehicle).

With this configuration, dust can be removed from the air that hits the surface of the radiator 220, and even if water is sprayed on the radiator 220,
20 can prevent dust from adhering to the surface. This can prevent the radiator 220 from being rusted.

(Eighth Embodiment) Next, an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The eighth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the method of controlling water spray to the radiator 220.

As described in the seventh embodiment, when water is jetted to the radiator 220 using a watering nozzle or the like,
The dust (dust) in the air may easily adhere to the surface of the radiator 220, and the radiator 220 may easily rust. Therefore, in the eighth embodiment, the water spray nozzle 440 is configured to periodically inject water at a large flow rate to the radiator 220. Thereby, the radiator 2
Even if dust adheres to the surface of the radiator 220, the dust can be washed away with a large amount of water and the dust can be removed from the surface of the radiator 220. This can prevent the radiator 220 from being rusted.

(Ninth Embodiment) Next, a ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The ninth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the arrangement of the sprinkler.

FIG. 9A is a front view of the heat exchanger according to the ninth embodiment, FIG. 9B is a side view, and FIG.
Is a front view of a watering nozzle (watering device) 443. FIG.
In the radiator 224 shown in (a), an inlet pipe 224a into which the cooling water flows is connected above the radiator 224, and an outlet pipe 224b through which the cooling water flows out.
Is connected below the radiator 224. In this type of radiator 224, the inlet pipe 22
The vicinity of the connection portion into which the high-temperature cooling water flows from 4a and the portion corresponding to the fan shroud 240 to which the fan 230 does not blow (hatched portions in FIGS. 9A and 9B) have high temperatures.

Therefore, in the ninth embodiment, the watering nozzle (watering device) 443 is arranged so as to face the high-temperature portion of the radiator 224, so that more water is jetted to the high-temperature portion. The watering nozzle 443 is connected to the second
It is a cylindrical member configured to be supplied with water similarly to the embodiment. It is characterized in that the pitch of the holes injected into the high-temperature portion is made dense in accordance with the temperature distribution of the radiator. As a method other than changing the pitch of the holes, there is a method of increasing the supply diameter by increasing the hole diameter. According to the configuration in which water is sprayed on the high-temperature portion of the radiator 224 according to the temperature distribution of the heat exchanger in this manner, the water sprayed on the radiator 224 is easily evaporated, and the radiator 224 is made more effective. Can be cooled.

The radiator shown in FIG. 9 is configured such that water is injected above the radiator 224 in an example in which the inlet pipe 224a is disposed above the radiator 224. However, the present invention is not limited to this. What is necessary is just to inject water near an inflow part. For example, the inlet pipe 224a is connected to the radiator 22
4 When connected to the left side, since the temperature near the connection portion on the left side of the radiator 224 becomes high, water may be injected aiming at the left side of the radiator 224.

(Tenth Embodiment) Next, a tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
An embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Book tenth
The embodiment is different from the above embodiments in that the sprinkling device includes a sprinkling nozzle and a diffusion plate (diffusion member) disposed below the sprinkling nozzle.

FIG. 10A is a partial side view of a radiator (heat exchanger) 220 according to the tenth embodiment.
10B is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
(C) is a perspective view of the watering nozzle 444.

As shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the first
The watering nozzle 444 of the 0th embodiment is a cylindrical member, and is configured so that water is supplied to the inside through a spraying path 420. The watering nozzle 444 is arranged to face the upper part of the radiator 220. Watering nozzle 44
4 is arrange | positioned so that a longitudinal direction may become horizontal. The watering nozzle 444 is located on the windward side of the radiator 220. The watering nozzle 444 of the tenth embodiment has the same configuration as the watering nozzle 441 of the second embodiment.
However, the plurality of holes 444a are formed not at positions facing the radiator 220 but downward.

Below the watering nozzle 444, a diffusion plate 445, which is a plate-like member, is arranged in parallel with the watering nozzle 444. The diffusion plate 445 is provided for the watering nozzle 44.
4 is arranged so as to face the hole 444a formed in the hole 4. The water sprayed from the watering nozzle 444 is shown in FIG.
0 (b) Collision point 4 on the diffusion plate 445 indicated by a broken line in the middle.
It collides with 45a.

The length of the diffusion plate 445 in the longitudinal direction corresponds to the length of the radiator 220 in the horizontal direction. One side in the longitudinal direction of the diffusion plate 445 is in contact with the radiator 220 below the watering nozzle 444. Also,
The diffusion plate 445 has a side in contact with the radiator 220 located below the opposite side, and is disposed so as to be inclined from the watering nozzle 444 toward the radiator 220. Thus, the water on the diffusion plate 445 falls toward the radiator 220.

With the above configuration, the water jetted from the watering nozzle 444 once spreads on the diffusion plate 445 as shown in FIG. 10B, and is then uniformly supplied to the upper part of the radiator 220. The water supplied to the radiator 220 is affected by the wind passing through the radiator and gravity, and travels downward along the surface of the radiator 220 to evaporate while forming a water film.

By providing the diffusion panel 445 below the watering nozzle 444 and diffusing water on the diffusion panel 445, a water film can be more uniformly formed on the surface of the radiator 220. The evaporating area can be increased, and the cooling capacity of the radiator 220 can be improved.

When water is directly injected from the watering nozzle 444 to the radiator 220, the radiator 22
In order to supply water uniformly to zero, it is necessary to increase the number of injection holes, so that the configuration becomes complicated and the cost increases. On the other hand, in the tenth embodiment, the watering nozzle 4
By providing the diffusion plate 445 below 44, water can be uniformly supplied to the radiator 220 without complicating the configuration of the device.

Further, by providing the diffusion plate 445, water can be diffused over a shorter distance than when water is directly sprayed on the radiator 220.
The watering nozzle 444 can be located closer to the radiator 220. This makes it possible to make the heat exchange device more compact, which is advantageous for mounting on a vehicle.

(Eleventh Embodiment) Next, an eleventh embodiment of the present invention will be described.
An embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Book eleventh
The embodiment differs from the tenth embodiment in that a plurality of watering nozzles (watering devices) are provided.

FIG. 11 is a side view of the radiator of the eleventh embodiment. As shown in FIG. 11, in the eleventh embodiment, a plurality of water spray nozzles 444 and diffusion plates 445 (two stages in the eleventh embodiment) are provided. From the two watering nozzles 444, the same amount of water is respectively jetted. The amount of water supplied from each watering nozzle 444 is smaller than that in the case where the water is injected from a single watering nozzle.

When the amount of water jetted from the watering nozzle 444 is large, the water film becomes thicker on the surface of the radiator 220 or the water droplet becomes larger. As a result, the water on the radiator surface is more susceptible to the wind passing through the radiator,
The amount of flakes that flake off from the radiator surface increases and may not be used effectively for cooling.

Therefore, as in the eleventh embodiment, a plurality of water spray nozzles 444 are provided and the amount of water jetted from each water spray nozzle 444 is reduced, so that the water film on the surface of the radiator 220 is reduced or water droplets are reduced. can do. As a result, the radiator 2
The amount of water peeled off from the radiator 20 can be reduced, and the amount of water effectively used for cooling the radiator can be increased.

In the eleventh embodiment, the water spray nozzle 444 is provided in two stages. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Further, the configuration in which the water spray nozzles of the eleventh embodiment are provided in a plurality of stages is the
This can be applied even when no is provided.

(Twelfth Embodiment) Next, a twelfth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
An embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Book twelfth
The embodiment is different from the tenth embodiment in that a diffusion process for easily diffusing water on the surface of the diffusion plate is performed.

FIG. 12A is a plan view of a diffusion plate 446 according to the twelfth embodiment, and FIG. 12B is a cross-sectional view of the diffusion plate 446. FIGS. 12A and 12B
As shown in FIG.
A groove 446b is formed on the surface of the. Groove 446b
Is a collision point 44 at which the water sprayed from the watering nozzle collides.
It is formed radially from 6a to the radiator side.

By providing the grooves 446b on the surface of the diffusion plate 446, the water sprayed from the watering nozzle can easily spread on the diffusion plate 446 by utilizing the surface tension. Thereby, the water jetted from the watering nozzle can be more uniformly supplied to the radiator, and the evaporation area on the radiator surface can be increased.

Further, the groove 44 is formed on the surface of the diffusion plate 446.
A similar effect can be obtained by performing a hydrophilic treatment in place of 6b. That is, by performing hydrophilic treatment on the surface of the diffusion plate, the wettability is improved, and water is easily spread on the surface of the diffusion plate. As the hydrophilic treatment, for example, a hydrophilic resin coat can be performed on the surface of the diffusion plate. Alternatively, hydrophilicity can be improved by performing a matte finish on the surface of the diffusion plate using shot blasting or the like to increase the surface roughness of the surface of the diffusion plate.

(Thirteenth Embodiment) Next, a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
An embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Book 13
This embodiment differs from the tenth embodiment in the mounting angle of the radiator (heat exchanger).

The wind flows to the radiator by the fan and the running ram pressure. Therefore, when the vehicle speed is high, the wind speed of the wind passing through the radiator also increases. At this time, if the radiator fins are parallel to the traveling wind, the water supplied from the water spray nozzle is likely to be blown off by the traveling wind, and may be blown off before dropping below the radiator and separated from the radiator. As a result, the water supplied from the watering nozzle is not effectively used for cooling the radiator. Therefore, in the thirteenth embodiment, the radiator is arranged to be inclined.

FIG. 13 is a side view of a radiator 225 according to the thirteenth embodiment. As shown in FIG.
The radiator 225 of the embodiment is arranged so that the upper part is inclined toward the windward side of the traveling wind (radiator passing wind). Specifically, the radiator 225 is inclined by an angle θ1 from a direction (vertical direction in the present embodiment) orthogonal to the traveling wind. As a result, the radiator 225
Of the fin 225a is higher on the leeward side than on the leeward side of the traveling wind.

As described above, the upper portion of the radiator 225 is arranged inclined toward the windward side, and the fins 225a are raised toward the leeward side. Can be reduced. Thereby, the evaporation area on the radiator surface can be enlarged, and the cooling capacity of the radiator can be improved.

Further, according to the configuration of the thirteenth embodiment,
It is only necessary to change the mounting angle in the conventional radiator structure. The mounting angle θ1 of the radiator 225 can be set arbitrarily, and it is desirable to set the angle at which the water is hardly blown off by the traveling wind at the vehicle speed at which the cooling performance of the radiator 225 is the most necessary.

(Fourteenth Embodiment) Next, a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
An embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Book 14
This embodiment differs from the tenth embodiment in the configuration of the radiator.

FIG. 14 is a partial perspective view of a radiator 226 according to the fourteenth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 14, in the radiator 226 of the fourteenth embodiment, the fins 226a are arranged so that the leeward side is higher than the leeward side of the traveling wind. Specifically, the fins 226a are inclined by an angle θ2 with respect to the traveling wind flow direction (horizontal direction in the present embodiment).

As described above, by raising the fin 226a toward the leeward side, the radiator 22
6 can reduce the amount of water blown off. Thereby, the evaporation area on the radiator surface can be enlarged, and the cooling capacity of the radiator can be improved.

Further, by arranging the fins 226a at an angle as in the fourteenth embodiment, the area of the fins 226a exposed to the traveling wind is increased, and as a result, the cooling performance of the radiator 226 itself can be improved. .

Further, according to the configuration of the fourteenth embodiment,
It is not necessary to change the mounting state of the radiator 226 only by changing the internal configuration of the radiator 226. Note that the inclination angle θ2 of the fins 226a can be set arbitrarily, and is desirably set to an angle at which water is not easily blown off by running wind at a vehicle speed at which the cooling performance of the radiator 226 is the most necessary.

(Other Embodiments) In each of the above embodiments, a radiator is used as a heat exchanger for spraying and cooling water. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be, for example, a high pressure side heat exchanger of a refrigeration cycle. Water may be sprayed on the condenser, and the condenser may be cooled by latent heat of evaporation of the water.
By cooling the condenser, the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle can be increased, and the power of the compressor of the refrigeration cycle can be reduced. Such a refrigeration cycle can be used for a vehicle air conditioner.

In each of the above embodiments, water is sprayed to a part (upper part, etc.) of the heat exchanger by the sprinkler. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It may be configured to spray water.

In each of the above embodiments, the heat exchanger of the present invention is applied to the case where the heat exchanger of the fuel cell system is cooled. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It can be widely applied as long as it has a configuration that improves the cooling capacity of the device. For example, the present invention is also applicable to a case where a heat exchanger of an internal combustion engine is cooled.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of an on-vehicle fuel cell system to which a heat exchange device according to a first embodiment is applied.

FIG. 2A is a front view of the heat exchanger and the watering nozzle of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is a side view.

FIG. 3A is a front view of a heat exchanger and a watering nozzle according to a second embodiment, FIG. 3B is a side view, and FIG. 3C is a perspective view of the watering nozzle.

FIG. 4A is a front view of a watering nozzle of a third embodiment, FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of a watering nozzle and a heat exchanger,
(C) is a front view which shows the modification of a watering nozzle.

FIG. 5A is a front view of a radiator according to a fourth embodiment, and FIG. 5B is a side view.

6A is a front view of a radiator according to a fifth embodiment, FIG. 6B is a side view, and FIG. 6C is a side view when a liquid film forming member is stored.

7A is a front view of a radiator according to a sixth embodiment, FIG. 7B is a side view, and FIG. 7C is a partially enlarged front view.

FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing an overall configuration of a vehicle-mounted fuel cell system according to a seventh embodiment.

9A is a front view of a heat exchanger according to a ninth embodiment, FIG. 9B is a side view, and FIG. 9C is a front view of a watering nozzle.

FIG. 10A is a partial side view of the heat exchanger according to the tenth embodiment, and FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
(C) is a perspective view of a sprinkler.

FIG. 11 is a side view of a heat exchanger according to an eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 12A is a partial plan view of a diffusion plate according to a twelfth embodiment, and FIG. 12B is a cross-sectional view.

FIG. 13 is a side view of a heat exchanger according to a thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a partial perspective view of a heat exchanger according to a fourteenth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

100: fuel cell, 200: cooling water circuit, 220-2
26 ... radiator (heat exchanger), 222a, 223b ...
Water film forming member, 300: condenser (high-pressure side heat exchanger of refrigeration cycle), 400: gas-liquid separator, 440 to 444
... watering nozzles (watering device), 445, 446 ... diffusion plates, 500 ... filters.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F28F 13/18 F28F 13/18 B H01M 8/00 H01M 8/00 Z 8/04 8/04 N 8 / 10 8/10 (72) Inventor Naoto Hotta 1-1-1, Showa-cho, Kariya-shi, Aichi Pref., Within Denso Corporation (72) Inventor Hirokuni Sasaki 1-1-1, Showa-cho, Kariya-shi, Aichi Pref. ) Inventor Masakatsu Ueno 1-1-1, Showa-cho, Kariya-shi, Aichi Prefecture Inside DENSO Corporation (72) Inventor Mibun Ito 1-1-1, Showa-cho, Kariya-shi, Aichi Prefecture F-term in DENSO Corporation 3D035 AA00 AA03 3D038 AA00 AB00 AC00 AC01 AC11 AC14 3L103 AA36 BB39 CC02 CC22 DD15 5H026 AA06 5H027 AA06 CC06 CC15

Claims (22)

[Claims] 1. A heat exchanger (220), and a sprinkler (440) for spraying water to the heat exchanger (220), and the heat exchanger (22) is provided by the sprinkler (440).
0) a heat exchange device for spraying water to improve the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger (220) using the latent heat of evaporation of the water, wherein the water spray device (440) has a plurality of water spray nozzles. A heat exchange device, characterized in that: 2. A heat exchanger (220) and a water sprinkler (441, 442, sprinkler) for spraying water to the heat exchanger (220).
443), and the sprinklers (441, 442, 4
43) a heat exchange device for spraying water to the heat exchanger (220) from above to improve the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger (220) using the latent heat of vaporization of the water; , 442, 443) are tubular members into which water is supplied. On the side of the tubular member facing the heat exchanger (220), the water inside the tubular member is supplied to the heat exchanger. A heat exchange device comprising a plurality of holes (441a, 442a, 442b, 443a) for dispersing in (220). 3. The plurality of holes (442a, 442b, 4).
43. The heat exchange device according to claim 2, wherein 43a) is formed such that water sprayed on the heat exchanger (220) has a different flight distance. 4. When the heat exchanger (220) is composed of fins and tubes and is a downflow type heat exchanger, the plurality of holes (442a, 442b, 443).
The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the interval (a) is formed corresponding to the interval between the tubes. 5. When the heat exchanger (224) has a temperature distribution, the plurality of holes (442a, 442b, 4).
The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein 43a) is formed at a position corresponding to a portion of the heat exchanger (224) that is higher in temperature than other portions. . 6. A heat exchanger (221), and a sprinkler (440) for spraying water to the heat exchanger (221), wherein the sprinkler (440) sends the heat exchanger (22).
1) A heat exchange device for spraying water to improve the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger (221) using the latent heat of evaporation of the water, wherein the surface of the heat exchanger (221) has a hydrophilic treatment. A heat exchange device, which is provided. 7. The heat exchanger (221) is made of aluminum, and the hydrophilic treatment is a coating of a hydrophilic resin applied to a surface of the heat exchanger (221). Item 7. A heat exchange device according to Item 6. 8. A heat exchanger (222, 223) and a water spray device (440) for spraying water to the heat exchanger, wherein water is sprayed from the water spray device to the heat exchanger, and the water is sprayed. What is claimed is: 1. A heat exchange device for improving a cooling capacity of said heat exchanger using latent heat of vaporization, wherein a water film is formed on said heat exchanger to diffuse water sprayed from said water sprinkler onto said heat exchanger surface. The member (222a,
223b). 9. The heat exchange device according to claim 8, wherein the water film forming member (222a) is configured to be retractable. 10. A heat exchanger (220, 225, 226).
And a watering device (444, 4) for spraying water to the heat exchanger.
45, 446), wherein water is sprayed from the sprinkler to the heat exchanger, and the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger is improved by utilizing latent heat of evaporation of the water. The apparatus is provided with a tubular member (444) having a plurality of holes (444a) for supplying water to the inside and allowing the inside water to flow out, and diffusing water flowing out of the tubular member to form the heat. Diffusion member (445, 4) for supplying to the exchanger
46). A heat exchange device comprising: 11. The diffusing member (445, 446)
A plate-like member disposed below the tubular member so as to contact the heat exchanger, wherein a side contacting the heat exchanger is disposed below an opposite side. Item 11. The heat exchange device according to item 10. 12. A groove (446b) for promoting diffusion of water toward a side in contact with the heat exchanger is formed on a surface of the diffusion member where water flowing out of the cylindrical member collides. The method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein
The heat exchange device according to item 1. 13. The heat exchange device according to claim 10, wherein a surface of the diffusion member with which water flowing from the cylindrical member collides is subjected to a hydrophilic treatment. 14. The heat exchanger according to claim 13, wherein the hydrophilic treatment is a coating of a hydrophilic resin. 15. The heat exchange apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the hydrophilic treatment is a satin finish. 16. The heat exchange device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the water sprinklers are arranged. 17. The heat exchanger has fins,
The heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the fins are arranged such that a leeward side of a wind passing through the heat exchanger is higher than an leeward side. 18. A filter (500), which is disposed in the heat exchanger (220-224) near a side where water is sprayed from the water spray device (440-442) and removes dust in air. The heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that: 19. The watering device (440 to 446)
19. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger is configured to periodically spray water having a flow rate larger than a flow rate required for cooling the heat exchanger to the heat exchanger. The heat exchange device according to any one of the above. 20. The heat exchanger (220-226)
The heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the fuel cell (100) that generates electric energy by a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen is cooled by heat exchange. 21. The fuel cell according to claim 20, wherein the fuel cell is mounted on an electric vehicle, and the fuel cell supplies power to a traction motor of the electric vehicle. Heat exchange equipment. 22. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger cools a refrigerant which has been compressed by a compressor in a refrigeration cycle and has become high temperature and high pressure. Exchange equipment.