JP2002348169A - Construction material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a construction material that is not harmful for men and that can be used for various purposes. SOLUTION: This construction material, which is used for a construction member obtained after kneaded with water, is produced by mixing a calcium carbonate agent into a gypsum raw material and blending the mixture and a hollow glass raw material (balloon material 11) made of mineral oxides obtained by burning glassy volcanic rocks. The desirable mean particle size of the glass raw material (balloon material 11) is about 35-75 μm. The recommended weight mixture ratio is 30-80 wt.% gypsum raw material, 10-60 wt.% calcium carbonate agent and about 10 wt.% glass material (balloon material 11). Further, blending of a photo catalyst or an aluminum silicate hydrate clay mineral to the originally harmless construction material promotes absorption of inorganic or organic volatile materials diffused to and coming into contact with its surface, to make it further odorless and harmless.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building material, and more particularly to an interior building material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Partlights and the like have been used for putty materials and architectural members which have been widely used. Pearlite contains ferrite (base iron) and cementite (iron carbide), and its particles are composed of open-type multi-cannons. It causes phenomena such as weight loss. Therefore, in order to compensate for such a drawback, a resin or an organic paste is added, or further, in order to suppress the preservation of the organic paste or the like, additives having strong antiseptic properties (such as aromatic hydrocarbons, organic halogen compounds, and aldehydes) are used. , Ketones, esters and ethers).

[0003] Gypsum board is generally widely used as a building interior material for partition walls and interior walls (both ceilings) of the building interior. Although flue gas desulfurization gypsum (chemical gypsum) is used as the core material of the gypsum board, it has low adhesiveness and bonding property. Therefore, partition walls, interior walls (both ceilings)
Has a sandwich-type laminated structure of a lower base paper and an upper base paper. In addition, gypsum board is on the wall (ceiling)
In many cases, it is also used as a base material, and is often painted or finished with wallpaper, cloth cloth, vinyl cloth, or the like with an adhesive.

[0004]

However, in recent years, additives added to pearlite have been regarded as a cause of sick house syndrome.

In general, VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) is used as a synthetic component of a paint finishing material.
Although materials incorporating nds) are widely used, there is some knowledge of the health effects of VOCs compiled by the WHO Regional Office for Europe. According to this, regarding the health effects of formaldehyde, it is pointed out that the presence of mutagenicity, DNA damage, chromosomal abnormalities, and carcinogenicity are indicated as genotoxicity in experimental animals. And even with very small amounts of chemicals, sustained or repeated exposure,
There is a case report of headache, muscle pain, discomfort, fatigue, and even dyspnea (translated by Silk Building (Diagnosis and Countermeasures) Takeshi Kobayashi). Therefore, as measures to prevent this, reduction and improvement of the VOC concentration in the indoor air are urgently required, but at present it has not been fundamentally solved.

Further, the adhesive used for the wall material also includes:
The health effects of chemicals such as urea and formaldehyde-based components are considered to be a serious problem. In addition, on the board surface and the air layer of the finishing material, molds and bacteria are easily invaded and adhered. For this reason, improvement measures and hygiene and safety of the raw materials themselves have been strongly demanded.

[0007] Perlite and gypsum have also been used as materials for acoustic boards. The material and shape of the acoustic plate is crucial in determining the quality of the amount of sound, and its research and development history goes back to very old times. The history of the Opera House and the chapels of churches built in the Middle Ages can be seen, and most of the materials are made of gypsum. In recent years, means of attaching non-combustible materials and the like to concrete-based materials and steel-made core materials have been adopted.
It is said to be far less than gypsum-based materials.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a building material that is harmless to the human body and has many uses.

[0009]

In order to solve the above problems, a building material according to the present invention is a building material for kneading with water to obtain a predetermined building member,
A gypsum material, a calcium carbonate agent is mixed and contained, and a mixture of the gypsum material and the calcium carbonate agent is mixed with a hollow glass material made of an oxide of a mineral component obtained by firing volcanic glassy rock. , Hybridized.

[0010] The gypsum material is at least oxidized calcium.
(CaO) and sulfur oxide (SO _Three) As the main component,
In addition, sodium oxide (Na_TwoO), Magne oxide
Cium (MgO), aluminum oxide (Al_TwoO_Three),two
Silicon oxide (SiO_Two), Potassium oxide (K_TwoO) etc.
Contains volatile organic compounds that are harmful to the human body
Absent.

The glass material contains at least silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ), aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ), potassium oxide (K ₂ O) and sodium oxide (Na ₂ O) as main components. It contains iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ), calcium oxide (CaO), magnesium oxide (MgO), etc., and does not contain volatile organic compounds harmful to the human body. The glass material has an average particle size of 28 μm.
The average particle size of the building material according to the present invention is preferably about 35 to 75 μm.

Further, when the weight mixing ratio of the gypsum material, the calcium carbonate agent, and the glass material is, for example, as follows, each component has stability, and is easy to process. It is possible to obtain architectural members rich in applications.

[0013] Gypsum material: calcium carbonate agent: glass material = 30-8
0%: 10 to 60%: about 10% Here, the physical strength of a building member containing the gypsum material, the calcium carbonate agent, and the glass material is as follows:
It changes depending on the mixing ratio of these three components.

For example, gypsum material: calcium carbonate agent: glass material = 35% by weight: 55% by weight: 10% by weight, the hardness obtained is 60 to 70 in Rockwell hardness.
Becomes At this time, the weight ratio of the glass material is kept constant (about 10%).
%), The hardness can be arbitrarily increased by increasing the weight ratio of the gypsum material or decreasing the weight ratio of the calcium carbonate agent. That is, in the case of high hardness, for example, the mixing ratio is gypsum material: calcium carbonate agent: glass material = 60% by weight: 30% by weight: weight 1
If it is 0%, the Rockwell hardness will be 70-80.
Further, when increasing the hardness, for example, the compounding ratio,
Gypsum material: calcium carbonate agent: glass material = 80% by weight: 10% by weight: If the weight is 10%, the Rockwell hardness is 80 to 110.

When the architectural material according to the present invention is used as a board joint treatment or putty material, the weight mixing ratio of the gypsum material, the calcium carbonate agent and the glass material is as follows: gypsum material: calcium carbonate agent: glass material = 30-40%:
50 to 60%: about 10%, and the mixing ratio of water to the weight of the mixture is preferably 4.5 to 5.5% by weight.

When the building material according to the present invention is used as a material for a paint finishing material, the weight mixing ratio of the gypsum material, the calcium carbonate agent and the glass material is determined as follows: gypsum material: calcium carbonate agent: glass material = 70 to 80%: 10 to 20
%: About 10%, and the mixing ratio of water to the weight of the mixture is preferably 55 to 65% by weight.

Further, when the building material according to the present invention is used as a material for a partition wall and an interior wall material (both for a ceiling), the weight mixing ratio of the gypsum material, the calcium carbonate agent and the glass material is determined by the following: gypsum material: calcium carbonate Agent: glass material = 50-
60%: 30 to 40%: about 10%, and the mixing ratio of water to the weight of the mixture is preferably 40 to 55% by weight.

When the architectural material according to the present invention is used as a material for an interior panel (floor, wall, ceiling) such as a clean room, the weight mixing ratio of the gypsum material, the calcium carbonate agent and the glass material is determined by: Calcium carbonate agent: glass material = 50-60%: 30-40%: about 10%,
The mixing ratio of water to the weight of this mixture is preferably 40 to 55% by weight.

Further, when used as a material for an acoustic plate (ceiling, wall), the weight mixing ratio of the gypsum material, the calcium carbonate agent and the glass material is defined as follows: gypsum material: calcium carbonate agent: glass material = 60-80%: 10-10 30%: about 10%,
The mixing ratio of water to the weight of this mixture is preferably 40 to 55% by weight.

In the building material, further,
A photocatalyst material or a hydrated aluminum silicate clay mineral material can be blended. By adopting such a configuration, the building material is originally harmless, and it is also possible to adsorb inorganic and organic substances that have diffusely contacted the surface, and furthermore, deodorize and detoxify these substances. . The applications of the building materials are diverse, such as putty materials, molded boards, fireproof panels, plaster wall materials, leather sheet coatings, clean boards, and environmental filtration materials (sea, river).

Examples of the photocatalyst material include titanium oxide (TiO ₂ ) and various metal oxides (eg, K).
TaO ₃ , SrTiO ₃ , Nb ₂ O _5, etc.). Titanium oxide has an anatase-type crystal and a rutile-type crystal. When light energy such as sunlight or ultraviolet light is absorbed, inorganic and organic substances diffused to the vicinity are reduced and oxidized. At this time, if oxygen molecules or water molecules are present in the vicinity, these are converted into active chemical species (superoxide or hydroxy radical) by a redox reaction of the photocatalytic material, and contribute to the decomposition treatment of the inorganic and organic substances. It is subjected to reduction and oxidation reactions. The gypsum material blended together in the present invention has air permeability and water permeability, and thus promotes this photocatalytic reaction.

The hydrous aluminum silicate clay mineral material is
Silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ) and aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O)
₃ ) as a main component, and its molar ratio is SiO ₂ / Al ₂ O ₃ =
0.25 to 2.0, which has an adsorption effect. The mineral material includes, for example, allophane having the molar ratio of 1.0 to 2.0, for example, one obtained by firing Kanuma soil. In addition, since the adsorbing material has a function of strongly adsorbing metal ions, if a metal having an antibacterial action and a deodorizing action is fixed in advance, a building member having more excellent antibacterial properties and deodorizing properties can be obtained. can get. In particular, when blended with a photocatalytic material, its antibacterial action and deodorizing action are further enhanced.

[0023]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an enlarged surface view (excerpted from a scanning electron micrograph) of a building material according to the present invention. As shown, the building material comprises a gypsum material component,
It contains a glass material (herein referred to as a balloon material 11) component and a calcium carbonate component.

The gypsum material which is one of the components of the building material according to the present invention will be described.

Gypsum ores that occur naturally include gypsum dihydrate containing two molecules of water of crystallization (CaSO ₄ .2H ₂ O) and anhydrous gypsum containing no water of crystallization (CaSO ₄ ). These two are the most stable states of calcium sulfate (CaSO ₄ ), and most gypsum ores and chemical gypsum, as well as malabaster and selenite, and the gypsum contained in the present invention belong to the former.

Gypsum dihydrate does not harden when mixed with water, but the gypsum material used by the inventors heats and burns (120 ° C. to 200 ° C.) ground pulverized dihydrate gypsum to remove part of the water of crystallization. eviction, semi-water gypsum that does not exist in nature (CaSO ₄ · 1
/ 2H ₂ O) (this gypsum is generally called calcined gypsum).

The gypsum material (Glass Reinforced Gypusu)
m, hereafter referred to as GRG gypsum) includes a step of pulverizing gypsum ore, a step of calcining the pulverized gypsum ore, and a step of maturing the calcined gypsum; Having.

The calcining step has a first step and a second step. The temperature condition in the first step is about 120 to 130 ° C. The hemihydrate gypsum (β-CaSO _4.
ＨH ₂ O). The temperature condition of the second step is 18
The temperature is about 0 to 200 ° C. By this process, anhydrous gypsum (β-CaSO ₄ ) is obtained. In the second step, if the calcining temperature is higher than 200 ° C., the gypsum is difficult to return to hemihydrate gypsum.
Management is important.

In the aging step, the water returns to hemihydrate gypsum by taking in atmospheric moisture. The appearance of hemihydrate gypsum having the physical properties described below, the calcination temperature of the first and second steps,
It depends on the aging environment (moisture in the atmosphere, temperature).

Table 1 shows the chemical component values of GRG gypsum. In addition, the range of the ratio of each component in the gypsum is shown in the same table. The strength of the gypsum is affected by the amount of water mixed, the stirring time, the stirring speed, the component composition contained in the gypsum, and the like.

[0032]

[Table 1]

In the combustion process, the proportions of various components can be adjusted by adjusting the combustion temperature (Table 1).
Compositions 1 to 3). In Table 1, iglos19.
There is 51%, which means loss on ignition, and indicates the ratio of loss on ignition in the above-mentioned baking step. Hemihydrate gypsum readily reacts with water to take up water of crystallization and return to the more stable gypsum. If the amount of water at this time is an appropriate amount (mixed water amount), it condenses and hardens with expansion and heat generation.

Table 2 shows the physical properties of the GRG gypsum. Although the results of the physical properties of composition 1 are shown here, almost the same results were obtained with compositions 2 and 3.

[0035]

[Table 2]

GRG gypsum has a high adhesive property, and the binder of the building material according to the present invention is only GRG gypsum. Even if additives such as organic pastes and other chemicals that can be harmful substances are not used, the strength is high. Can be expressed.
And, as is clear from Table 2, the tensile strength and the dry pressure resistance of the gypsum are more than double those of ordinary gypsum, and are comparable to concrete slabs.

Next, a glass material which is one of the constituent components of the building material according to the present invention will be described.

The glass material, which is one of the constituent components of the present invention, is a hollow body made of a mineral component oxide (hereinafter, balloon material). The chemical component values (%) are as shown in Table 3.

[0039]

[Table 3]

The balloon material is made by crushing volcanic vitreous ore,
It is a fine hollow foamed glass sphere obtained by crushing and pulverizing and baking it at about 1100 to 1200 ° C. Appearance is pale gray, light powder with good fluidity. Generally, it is used as an abrasive or a grindstone for cutting a liquid crystal panel. The balloon material has an average particle diameter of 28 μm to 120 μm, and the building material according to the present invention has an average particle diameter of about 35 to 75 μm.

As shown in Table 3, the balloon material was composed of silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ) and aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ).
As a main component.

Its properties are extremely stable chemically, excellent in acid resistance, alkali resistance and chemical resistance, have no toxicity or skin irritation, and are inert, nonflammable and have a high softening point. As can be inferred from the above, the fire resistance and heat resistance are very excellent. Further, since it is made of a minute hollow body, it is extremely light, and at the same time has good heat insulating properties, and is excellent in heat insulation and cold insulation. Furthermore, since there are many fine hollow bodies having a small particle diameter, a large strength is exhibited. Further, since there are many closed hollow particles, the penetration of the liquid is slight, and there is almost no hygroscopicity. Therefore, when producing various composite materials, there is an advantage that the amount of the binder is small. Then, it is well compatible with other inorganic or organic materials, and various lightweight composite materials can be produced.

Further, the balloon material is excellent in mixability and fluidity and has a small apparent specific gravity, so that it is very efficient and economical as a filler. In addition, it has the property that the soundproofing and sound insulation effects are large,
It can be used as a material for a silent room.

Next, the calcium carbonate agent, which is one of the components of the building material according to the present invention, will be described. Table 4 shows the chemical component values of the calcium carbonate agent.

[0045]

[Table 4]

The calcium carbonate agent is a high-grade crystalline limestone CaCO ₃ obtained by crushing crystalline lime ore collected from a mine and then classifying the lime ore with high purity and very little variation.
(99% or more). Even the same product has different properties if the average particle size is slightly different. Here, coarse particles are completely removed by introducing classification technology,
The average particle size is set to 3.6 to 5.0 μm.

The calcium carbonate agent combines with SiO ₂ (silicon dioxide: commonly known as silica) and Al ₂ O ₃ (aluminum oxide: commonly known as alumina) to maximize the hydration-hardening property. In particular, when kneaded with GRG gypsum and balloon material,
A building material according to the present invention, which provides stability to these qualities, is easy to process, has no harm to the human body, and has many uses.

Table 5 shows the results of the fire performance test. In this test, a building member in which the weight mixing ratio of GRG gypsum, calcium carbonate, and balloon material is GRG gypsum: calcium carbonate: balloon material = 35%: 55%: 10% is tested. Here, the mixing ratio of water to the weight of the mixture of GRG gypsum, calcium carbonate and balloon material is 5
% By weight. The test method is Ministry of Construction Notification No. 1828
Fire Protection Performance Test Class 1 (Non-flammable JIS.A1)
321). In this test, a plurality (here, three) of the same samples were examined in order to confirm reproducibility of performance.

[0049]

[Table 5]

From these results, it was shown that the material according to the present embodiment did not generate melting, deformation, cracks and harmful smoke even when burned at 740 to 750 ° C.

In some cases, the building material may further contain a photocatalyst material or a hydrous aluminum silicate clay mineral.

The photocatalyst material includes titanium oxide (TiO ₂ )
And various metal oxides (for example, KTaO ₃ ,
SrTiO ₃ , Nb ₂ O _5, etc.). Titanium oxide has an anatase-type crystal and a rutile-type crystal.

The photocatalytic material has a function of causing an oxidation-reduction reaction when absorbing light energy such as ultraviolet light contained in sunlight or artificial light. Thereby, the inorganic and organic substances diffused to the surface of the material are subjected to oxidation-reduction treatment. Also, if oxygen molecules and water molecules exist near the material,
By an oxidation-reduction reaction, superoxide (· O ₃ ^-)
Or a hydroxyl radical (.OH), and these chemical species diffuse into the vicinity, and further perform an oxidation-reduction treatment on inorganic and organic substances.

Since the GRG gypsum constituting the present invention has a function of easily absorbing and releasing oxygen molecules and water molecules in the gas phase, it has a synergistic effect by a plurality of oxidation-reduction reactions by the photocatalyst as described above. And make the decomposition and sterilization of inorganic and organic substances effective.

An example of a reaction formula illustrating a possible air purification and deodorizing mechanism when a photocatalytic material is blended is shown below. Here, examples of deodorization of nitrogen oxides, formaldehyde, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide, which cause acid gas, sick house syndrome, and bad odor, are shown.

[0056] ^{_{NO + O 2 - → NO 3}} NO 2 + · OH → NHO 3 HCHO + O 2 - → HCOOH + O 2 - →
CO ₂ + H ₂ O NH ₃ +2 O ₂ ⁻ → HNO ₃ + H ₂ O H ₂ S + 2O ₂ ⁻ → H ₂ SO ₄ The hydrous aluminum silicate clay mineral material is silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ) and aluminum oxide. (Al ₂ O ₃ ) as a main component, and its molar ratio is SiO ₂ / Al ₂ O ₃ = 0.25
２．０2.0. The mineral material includes, for example, allophane having the molar ratio of 1.0 to 2.0, for example, one obtained by firing Kanuma soil. The chemical composition of Kanuma soil is as follows.

[0057]

[Table 6]

Allophane is non-changing and typically has a hollow spherical unit cell (35 × 10 ^{−10 to} 55 × 10 ⁻¹⁰ m).
It is said to consist of The spherical wall of the particles has an imogolite or kaolin layer structure having pores, and the pores are said to have at least a size that allows water molecules to freely pass therethrough and exist in a considerable number. Therefore, the specific surface area of allophane is said to be 700 to 900 m ² / g,
Excellent adsorption performance.

Allophane has a function of strongly adsorbing heavy metal ions. For example, metal ions having a deodorizing and antibacterial effect (for example, copper ions and silver ions)
By adsorbing and fixing in advance, a building member having more excellent deodorization and antibacterial action can be obtained.

At this time, when mixed with the photocatalyst material, water molecules and oxygen molecules taken into the mineral material are converted into the active chemical species, so that the deodorizing and antibacterial actions are further enhanced.

Allophane has adsorptivity even in powdered Kanuma soil, but when calcined, the adsorbing ability is improved by about 2 to 3 times as compared with that before calcining.

The method for producing allophane will be outlined.
First, Kanuma soil is finely crushed with a crusher or the like. Next, this is dried in a drying furnace at a temperature of 200 to 300 ° C. for 20 to 30 minutes. Next, this is 450 to 9
It is fired in a temperature atmosphere of 00 ° C. Then, after allowing this to cool naturally, it is classified to a particle size of 10 to 80 μm.

An example of a reaction formula illustrating a possible deodorizing mechanism when copper and silver are incorporated in allophane is shown below. Again, examples of deodorization of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, acetic acid, methyl mercaptan, trimethylamine and formalin are shown.

NH ₃ + AgOO ⁻ → AgOONH ₃ H ₂ S + CuOO ⁻ → CuOOSH ₃ CH ₃ COOH + CuOO ⁻ → CuOOCOOH
CH ₃ CH ₃ SH + AgOO ⁻ → AgOOSH ₃ (CH ₃ ) ₃ N + AgOO ⁻ → AgOOON (C
H ₃ ) ₃ HCHO + AgOO ⁻ → AgOOHCHO The use of the building material according to the present invention obtained by such a configuration includes putty material, molded board, fireproof panel,
It covers a wide variety, including plastering wall materials, leather sheet coatings, clean boards, and environmental filtration materials (sea and river).

Next, specific embodiments of the building material according to the present invention will be described. Note that embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.

Table 7 shows examples of the mixing ratio of GRG gypsum, calcium carbonate, and balloon material in the building material according to the present invention, and the mixing ratio (% by weight) to these mixtures according to each embodiment. Was.

[0067]

[Table 7]

(Embodiment 1) When used as a material for board joint treatment and putty. In Table 7, in the building material according to the present embodiment,
The weight mixing ratio of GRG gypsum, calcium carbonate agent and balloon material is GRG gypsum: calcium carbonate agent: balloon material =
30 to 40%: 50 to 60%: about 10%, and the mixing ratio of water to the weight of the mixture is 4.5 to 5.5% by weight.
And Here, Rockwell hardness is 60 to 70.
Adjustment is possible up to.

As is clear from Table 7, the material according to the present embodiment does not contain any additives or chemicals. And, since it does not contain substances that cause harmful toxicity or skin irritation to the human body, an extremely safe and clean living environment can be realized.

The material contains a balloon material. As described above, this is a light, free-flowing powder having an average particle diameter of 35 to 75 μm, which is composed of an oxide of a mineral component. And, since this powder forms a fine hollow foamed glass sphere, the penetration of the mixed liquid (water) is small, the expansion and contraction of the material is extremely small, and the powder dries and cracks like a conventional putty. Never lose weight.

As is clear from the results shown in Table 5, the material according to the present embodiment does not melt or emit harmful smoke, deformation, or change by burning at 740 to 750 ° C. .

According to the material of the present embodiment, the board joint processing, the base treatment, the filling around the pipe penetrating the boundary wall,
It can greatly contribute as a firestop material, which is the greatest purpose of eye treatment.

Table 8 shows the results of the antibacterial / mildew-proof test of the architectural member according to the present embodiment.

[0074]

[Table 8]

The test is based on the piercing method of JISZ-2911. That is, about 30 ml of an agar medium for bacteria and mold is dispensed into a sterile petri dish, and a ring having a diameter of 3 cm is placed at the center of the agar medium before solidification. Overlay. When the overlaid medium had solidified, the ring was removed and a hole was made in the center. The test sample was poured into the hole, and the bacteria were allowed to stand at 37 ° C. for 24 hours in an incubator.
The mold is cultured at 28 ° C. for 7 hours. Table 8 clearly shows that the building material according to this embodiment has an antibacterial and antifungal action. (Embodiment 2) When used as a material for a paint finishing material In Table 7, in the building member according to the present embodiment,
The weight mixing ratio of GRG gypsum, calcium carbonate agent and balloon material is GRG gypsum: calcium carbonate agent: balloon material =
70 to 80%: 20 to 10%: about 10%, and the mixing ratio of water to the weight of the mixture is 55 to 65% by weight. Here, the Rockwell hardness can be adjusted from 80 to 110.

As is clear from the above, the paint finishing material according to the present embodiment is made of a compound of GRG gypsum, calcium carbonate, and a balloon material, and does not contain a material such as VOC.

The paint finishing material is odorless, smokeless, and pollution-free.
Of CO_Two, CaO, SiO_Two, SO _Three, Al_TwoO_ThreeEtc.
As a main component, it is chemically very stable,
Excellent in chemical resistance. It is also toxic and irritating to the skin
Is not at all, and as can be confirmed from the combustion test,
It is highly flammable and heat resistant.

Further, since the average particle size of the building material according to the present embodiment is about 30 to 70 μm, it can be easily made into a cream by mixing an appropriate amount of water. Therefore, it becomes a material for an interior paint finishing material that can be interiorly painted (wall, ceiling) freely painted with a brush, a roller, or the like, and a robust, delicate, finished texture similar to a lacquered wall can be obtained. (Embodiment 3) When used as a material for a partition wall and an interior wall material (for both ceiling) In Table 7, in the building member according to the present embodiment,
The weight mixing ratio of GRG gypsum, calcium carbonate agent and balloon material is GRG gypsum: calcium carbonate agent: balloon material =
50 to 60%: 40 to 30%: about 10%, and the mixing ratio of water to the weight of the mixture is 40 to 55% by weight. Here, the Rockwell hardness can be adjusted from 70 to 80.

FIG. 2 schematically shows the steps of manufacturing a conventional gypsum board and a building member according to the present embodiment. The manufacturing process of the building member according to the present embodiment includes a mixing water mixing process, a forming and laminating process, a curing process, and a drying process.

Here, when kneading the GRG gypsum, the calcium carbonate, and the balloon material with water, a glass chop may be added thereto. The glass chop is a glass fiber with a fiber diameter of 3-8 μm and a length of 5-7 mm. By adding it, the wall material can have higher strength, dimensional stability, heat resistance, electrical insulation, and chemical resistance. It becomes possible to have. The mixing amount is determined according to the required design strength. Here, for example, 2 to 5% by weight is added.

The partition wall and the interior wall material (both for the ceiling) according to this embodiment are compound materials composed of GRG gypsum, calcium carbonate, and balloon material, and do not contain any resin, chemicals, additives, and the like.

GRG gypsum has high adhesiveness, and aluminum oxide (Al) contained in calcium carbonate and balloon materials.
₂ O ₃ ), silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ), calcium oxide (CaO), sodium oxide (Na ₂ O), etc., in a well-balanced manner, so that it is not necessary to reinforce the strength of the sandwich method using base paper like a conventional board ( (Fig. 2). Therefore, it is a molded product integrated from the back surface to the surface only with the material itself. Therefore, according to the design in advance,
The board can be manufactured in shape, size and thickness at the factory, assembled on site, and fixed to the foundation frame with board screws, etc., which not only makes construction and processing easy, but also eliminates waste materials, so production costs Can also be reduced.

The material according to this embodiment is a fire prevention performance test (nonflammable, J
IS. A1321). Further, as is apparent from the constituent components, since no aromatic compounds are contained, no dioxins or other harmful substances are generated at the time of fire or incineration. (Embodiment 4) Interior panels (floor,
When used as a material for walls and ceilings) In Table 7, in the building member according to the present embodiment,
The weight mixing ratio of GRG gypsum, calcium carbonate agent and balloon material is GRG gypsum: calcium carbonate agent: balloon material =
50 to 60%: 30 to 40%: about 10%, and the mixing ratio of water to the weight of the mixture is 40 to 55% by weight. Here, the Rockwell hardness can be adjusted from 70 to 80. In addition, the manufacturing process of the building member according to the present embodiment conforms to the manufacturing method of the building member according to the third embodiment.

According to JISA0030, the performance required for the clean room includes the performance of controlling the action factor and the performance relating to the continuation and safety of the building. The performance of the former is required to be heat insulating, sound-producing, waterproof, water-repellent, moisture-proof, airtight, anti-vibration, antistatic, and radiation-fast. Pressure,
Deformability, shear resistance, local pressure resistance, scratch resistance, impact resistance, abrasion resistance, earthquake resistance, heat resistance, water resistance, moisture resistance,
It is required to have chemical resistance, fire resistance, flame resistance, stain resistance, dust resistance, corrosion resistance (germ resistance), durability, and the like. Here, when decorating a clean room,
Demand for heat resistance and chemical resistance has increased.

The material according to the present embodiment satisfies all of these properties, and is extremely chemically stable, and particularly excellent in acid resistance, alkali resistance and chemical resistance. Moreover, as mentioned above, it contains no toxic or skin irritating volatile substances at all. In addition, one of the main balloon materials is a hollow foamed glass sphere (closed hollow fine particle) which is almost independent and spherical, and is well-balanced with calcium carbonate and GRG gypsum to provide high strength. In addition to this, the finished surface (surface) becomes smooth, and it is difficult for dust and dust to adhere thereto.

By the way, the part where the wall and the floor of the clean room meet each other needs to satisfy the condition that dust hardly accumulates and cleaning is easy. Therefore, in order to satisfy this condition, the baseboard portion is set as the baseboard, and the curved surface (R = 2
(0 to 40 mm) is a general method.

The material according to the present embodiment can, of course, be painted in a corner as in the conventional plastering method, but it can be produced in advance in a production factory on a required degree of R-plane. But also. By producing parts (split production) in the factory, it is possible to easily assemble them on site, and it is possible to realize a floor-ceiling-integrated clean room at low cost. 1) Interior panel according to the present embodiment in an industrial clean room As a result of recent developments in electronics and the precision machinery industry, precision, miniaturization, high quality, and high reliability have been required. To achieve these goals, indoor airborne particulates must be low. In electronic factories, film factories, precision machinery factories, and the like, even a slight amount of suspended particulates during production can cause problems. Therefore, such factories require a very high level of clean space, as required for the entire factory or for the most important parts of the factory.

Since the interior panel according to the present embodiment has the above-described characteristics, it can sufficiently contribute to the high evaluation standards and demands of the clean room. Particularly, the semiconductor factory, the magnetic head manufacturing factory, the liquid crystal factory, Effective for film and printing factories.

2) Interior Panel According to the Present Embodiment in a Biological Clean Room The biological clean room refers to a space (room) that is close to an aseptic condition. Pharmaceutical factories, food factories, operating rooms in hospitals, and the like are desirably kept almost aseptic. General bacteria can be removed with a high-performance filter, but viruses are considered to be difficult to remove because they are very small compared to bacteria. Therefore, most of bacteria and viruses are attached to the suspended particles in the air. Therefore, by purifying the air through a high-performance filter, most bacteria can be removed together with the particles. However, it is difficult to remove bacteria attached to floors, walls, and ceilings by the above-described method. Moreover,
Conventional gypsum board is a board in which chemical gypsum is laminated by sandwich method based on top base paper and bottom base paper.Because it is a laminated board, invasion of bacteria can be considered in each back space, leading to mold generation .

The panel according to this embodiment has a thickness of 7.0-3.
Since it can be laminated and produced up to 50 mm, it is possible to prevent the invasion of bacterial contamination and, as disclosed in Table 8, because it also has an antibacterial action, it can also prevent bacterial contamination. In particular, the panel is used in hospital operating rooms, bio-clean rooms,
Effective in pharmaceutical factories, food factories, and biohazard control facilities.

In the above-mentioned Embodiments 1 to 4, by further appropriately mixing a photocatalyst material and a hydrous aluminum silicate clay mineral material, volatile inorganic and organic substances that have diffused and contacted the surface of the member can be efficiently used. It can be adsorbed and decomposed.

For example, when a gypsum material, a calcium carbonate agent, a balloon material, and a photocatalyst material are compounded, the compounding ratio (% by weight) is as follows, for example.

Gypsum material: calcium carbonate agent: balloon material: photocatalyst material = 35-40%: 10-20%: 1
0 to 50%: 2 to 5% When a gypsum material, a calcium carbonate agent, a balloon material, and a hydrous aluminum silicate clay mineral material are blended, the blending ratio (weight ratio) is as follows, for example.

Gypsum material: calcium carbonate agent: balloon material: hydrous aluminum silicate clay mineral material = 35-
40%: 10-20%: 10-20%: 20-45% Table 8 shows the case where the photocatalyst material and the hydrous aluminum silicate clay mineral material were further blended with the composition of the gypsum material, the calcium carbonate agent and the balloon material. Disclosed are the effects of removing nitric oxide, methyl mercaptan and acetaldehyde when not blended.

Here, titanium oxide was used as the photocatalyst material, and allophane having a particle size of 20 to 40 μm obtained by calcining Kanuma soil at about 470 ° C. was used as the hydrous aluminum silicate clay mineral material.

Sample 1 has the following composition (weight ratio) of gypsum material, calcium carbonate agent, balloon material, and photocatalytic material:
50 g of water is mixed with 100 g of this mixture.

Gypsum material: calcium carbonate agent: balloon material: titanium oxide: allophane = 35%: 20%:
7.5%: 2.5%: 35%: Sample 2 has the following composition (weight ratio) of a gypsum material, a calcium carbonate agent, and a balloon material, and 100 g of this mixture is mixed with 50 g of water.

Gypsum material: calcium carbonate agent: balloon material = 56%: 32%: 12%

[0099]

[Table 9]

Table 9-1 discloses the change over time of the concentration of nitric oxide gas when the treatment was carried out by the flow method under the following test conditions.

Initial gas concentration: 1.00 g of nitric oxide gas
/ M ³ evaluation device: pass-through device Gas flow rate: 0.8 L / min Light source: 10 W black light Irradiation intensity: ² mW / cm ² (Topcon illuminometer (UVR
-2)) Measurement: Chemiluminescence NOX meter Blank test (blank): Evaluated by gas alone Tables 9-2 and 3 show methyl mercaptan gas when treated in a batch system under the following test conditions. Disclosed are the changes over time in the concentration and the acetaldehyde gas concentration.

Initial gas concentration: methyl mercaptan gas
70 g / m ³ acetaldehyde gas 20 g / m ³ Evaluation device: volume 3 L Light source: 40 W black light Irradiation intensity: 1 mW / cm ² (Topcon illuminometer (UVR
-2)) Measurement: Gastec detector tube Blank test (blank): Evaluated by gas alone As is clear from the results in Table 9, the building material according to the present invention is composed of a photocatalytic material and hydrous aluminum silicate. It can be confirmed that by adding a mineral material, volatile inorganic and organic substances can be adsorbed and decomposed. (Embodiment 5) When used as a material of an acoustic plate (ceiling, wall) In Table 7, in the building member according to the present embodiment,
The weight mixing ratio of GRG gypsum, calcium carbonate and balloon material is GRG gypsum: calcium carbonate agent: balloon material = 6
0 to 80%: 10 to 30%: about 10%, and the mixing ratio of water to the weight of the mixture is 40 to 55% by weight. Here, the Rockwell hardness can be adjusted from 60 to 110. In addition, the manufacturing process of the building member according to the present embodiment conforms to the manufacturing method of the building member according to the third embodiment.

Generally, the stage of a concert hall has three sides (wall and ceiling) surrounded by an acoustic plate. In a large arena-type hall, an acoustic plate (reflector) called a "floating cloud" is suspended from the ceiling. It can be seen that even in concert halls that are well-known worldwide, the ratio of acoustic boards is very high (Table 10).

[0104]

[Table 10]

The effect of the acoustic plate (reflecting plate) varies depending on the type and composition of the musical instrument, and also varies depending on the shape of the room, the volume of the room, and the material used for the chair. The material and shape of the acoustic plate is crucial in determining the quality of the amount of sound, and its research and development history goes back to very old times. The history of the Opera House and the chapels of churches built in the Middle Ages can be seen, and most of the materials are made of gypsum. In recent years, means of bonding nonflammable materials and the like to concrete materials and steel cores have been adopted, but on acoustic engineering, it is said that they are far less than gypsum materials. .

The acoustic plate (ceiling / wall) according to the present embodiment is
In addition to the gypsum-based acoustic properties, it has properties as a laminate (laminated molding of the product of the present invention and a glass fiber mat). In addition, complicated cubic curved surfaces, which have been difficult with conventional materials, can be easily created as designed.Furthermore, the finished surface is not only smooth, but also easily made with irregularities and fine textures. Can be. In addition, a single plate or a hollow plate having a sectional shape of 7 to 3 can be obtained.
It can be made up to 50mm.

The sound plate (reflecting plate) is easy to absorb sound when the material is soft, and is easy to reflect sound when the material is robust. As described above, the acoustic plate according to the present embodiment can adjust the Rockwell hardness from 60 to 110, so that it is possible to obtain a hardness according to acoustic design conditions.
The bulk specific gravity is 1.5 ± 0.2 and the weight is 10.5 ± 2k
g / m ² (7.0 mm thick), and it is possible to reduce the weight by 50 to 55% as compared with a conventional acoustic plate made of concrete. It can also contribute to the safety and economic design of acoustic building construction (framework). As is clear from the above, the acoustic plate according to this embodiment can dramatically improve the acoustic effect.

[0108]

As is apparent from the above description, the present invention has the following effects.

The building material according to the present invention provides a building material which is harmless to the human body and has many uses by kneading a gypsum material, a calcium carbonate agent and a balloon material.

Furthermore, by blending the photocatalyst material and the hydrous aluminum silicate clay mineral material, not only is it originally harmless, but also the volatile inorganic and organic substances that have come into contact with the surface by diffusion are adsorbed. This can be further deodorized and detoxified.

For example, when the building material according to the present invention is used as a board joint treatment or a putty material,
The material does not contain any organic additives and does not contain substances that cause harmful toxicity or skin irritation to the human body, thus providing an extremely safe and clean living environment. be able to. Furthermore, the penetration of the mixed water (water) is slight, the expansion and contraction of the material is extremely small, and not only does it not dry, crack or thin like conventional putty, but also 740-750 ° C. Even in a temperature atmosphere, it does not melt, does not generate harmful fumes including dioxins, etc., nor deforms or changes.
It can greatly contribute as a firestop material, which is the main purpose of groundwork treatment, filling around pipes penetrating the boundary wall, and joint treatment.

Further, when used as a material for a paint finishing material, since the material is mainly composed of odorless, smokeless, and non-polluting inorganic substances, it is extremely stable chemically, and is resistant to acids, alkalis, and chemicals. It is possible to provide excellent interior paint finishing materials. Furthermore, since it does not contain a volatile organic compound, it is possible to provide a paint finishing material for interiors that has no concern about toxicity or skin irritation. And, as can be confirmed from the combustion test, it is possible to provide a paint finish material having excellent fire resistance and heat resistance. In addition, since the average particle size of the material is about 30 to 70 μm, it can be easily made into a creamy state by mixing an appropriate amount of water, and a robust, delicate, textured finish similar to a lacquered wall can be obtained. Thus, it is possible to provide a material for a paint finishing material for interior.

Further, when used as a material for a partition wall and an interior wall material (both for a ceiling), GRG gypsum, which is one of the constituents, has a high adhesiveness and is contained in calcium carbonate and a balloon material. Since the components are well-balanced, it is possible to provide partition walls and interior wall materials (both ceilings) that do not require new strength reinforcement. This makes it possible to reduce the production cost of the partition wall and the interior wall material (both for the ceiling). In addition, since the material does not contain any organic additives and has fire resistance, adverse effects such as onset of sick house syndrome and by-products of dioxins and other harmful substances at the time of fire or incineration are eliminated. It is possible to provide partition walls and interior wall materials (both ceilings) that do not generate.

When used as a material for an interior panel (floor, wall, ceiling) of a clean room or the like, the material is as follows:
It is possible to provide clean room interior panels (floors, walls, ceilings) that satisfy all of the performances required for these clean rooms and that are extremely chemically stable and have excellent acid, alkali, and chemical resistance. . Moreover, it has no toxicity or skin irritation. One of the main materials, balloon material, forms a nearly independent spherical hollow glass foam sphere (closed hollow fine particles) and is well-balanced with calcium carbonate and GRG gypsum. In addition, since the finished surface (surface) is easily smoothed, it is possible to provide an interior panel (floor, wall, ceiling) for a clean room, which has a characteristic that dust, dust and the like are hard to adhere. Furthermore, since it can be laminated and produced to an arbitrary thickness, it is possible to prevent the invasion of various bacterial contaminants and also to prevent the contamination of various microbes since it has an antibacterial action. Therefore, the panel is a semiconductor factory, a magnetic head manufacturing factory, a liquid crystal factory, a photographic film and printing factory, a hospital operating room,
It is effective in bioclean sickrooms, pharmaceutical factories, food factories and biohazard control facilities.

Further, when used as a material for an acoustic plate (ceiling, wall), the material can adjust the Rockwell hardness arbitrarily, so that it is possible to obtain a hardness according to the acoustic design application. It is possible to provide acoustic boards (ceilings, walls). Furthermore, in addition to the gypsum-based acoustic characteristics, it has characteristics as a laminated material (laminated molding of the product of the present invention and a glass fiber mat). Can be. Then, the weight of the obtained member is reduced to 50% or less as compared with the conventional member, so that fine acoustic adjustment is possible. The finished surface is not only smooth, but also can be easily formed with irregularities and fine texture. With these, the sound effect can be dramatically improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged surface view of a building material according to the present invention (extracted from a scanning electron micrograph).

FIG. 2 is an outline of a conventional gypsum board and a manufacturing process of a building member according to the present embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

11: Glass material (balloon material) 12: Component containing GRG gypsum, calcium carbonate, and water

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) C04B 22:10 C04B 14:30 14:16 14:10 Z 14:30 111: 40 14:10) 111: 52 111: 40 B01D 53/36 J 111: 52 HDG 102D (72) Inventor Hideyuki Sato 4-1-1, Kitanosawa, Minami-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido GE R Material Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masafumi Sato 4-1-13-1 Kitanozawa, Minami-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido Inside GRG Material Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Katsuyuki Furumoto 4-1-14-1 Kitanozawa, Minami-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido No. F-term in GRL Material Co., Ltd. 4D048 AA01 AA06 AA19 AA22 AB03 BA07X BA12X BA41X EA01 EA04 4G012 PA06 PA07 PA10 PB03 PC01 4G069 AA03 AA08 BA04B BA10A BA10B BA15A BA15B BA16A BA16B BA48A BB10A BB10B BB16A BC09A BC09B CA10 CA13 CA17 DA06 FA01 FC08

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A building material for obtaining a predetermined building member by kneading with water, wherein a gypsum material is mixed with a calcium carbonate agent, and a composite material of the gypsum material and the calcium carbonate agent is provided. An architectural material comprising a mixture of a hollow glass material comprising an oxide of a mineral component obtained by firing volcanic glassy rock. 2. The building material according to claim 1, further comprising a mixed photocatalytic material. 3. The building material according to claim 1, further comprising a mixture of a hydrous aluminum silicate clay mineral material. 4. The building material according to claim 1, wherein said glass material has an average particle size of about 35 to 75 μm. 5. The building material according to claim 1, wherein a weight mixing ratio of the gypsum material, the calcium carbonate agent, and the glass material is as follows. . Gypsum material: calcium carbonate agent: glass material = 30-8
0%: 10 to 60%: about 10% 6. An architectural material characterized by using the architectural material according to claim 1 as a material for board joint treatment or putty. 7. A building material characterized by using the building material according to claim 1 as a material for a paint finishing material. 8. A building material, wherein the building material according to claim 1 is used as a material for a partition wall or an interior wall material. 9. A building material, wherein the building material according to claim 1 is used as a material for an interior panel of a clean room. 10. A building material, wherein the building material according to claim 1, 4 or 5 is used as a material for an acoustic plate.