JP2002338419A - Pest control preparation and method for pest control using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pest control preparation capable of stably preserving microorganisms having insecticidal action to noxious insects and easily providing a dispersion of the microorganisms in use, and to provide a method for pest control using the preparation. SOLUTION: This pest control agent is obtained by packing culture products in receptacles having a mesh part, wherein the culture products are obtained by solid culture using a carrier, of microorganisms (Beauveria Brongniartii, Beauveria bassiana, Beauveria amorpha, Metarhizium anisopliae and Verticillium lecanii) having insecticidal action to noxious insects, and the method for pest control is characterized by dipping the pest control preparation into water to disperse the microorganisms and spraying the obtained microorganism dispersion.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a pest control preparation and a pest control method using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in controlling pests, chemical pesticides are often used. However, when a chemical pesticide is used, it may harm not only pests but also other organisms such as humans and livestock. Conventionally, a method of spraying an oil or an emulsion of an organophosphorus insecticide or a pyrethroid insecticide on wood or soil or injecting it into a wood part has been used for insect pests. However, in recent years, the effects of these drugs on humans and animals, environmental pollution by the drugs, and the like have been regarded as problems. In addition, these drugs have the disadvantage that they may have an adverse effect on the worker's own health.

[0003] Therefore, pest control preparations utilizing microorganisms have been developed and are partially used. For example, in bacteria,
Bacillus thuringiensis, an insecticide for lepidopteran pests
s), the fungicide Bacill subtilis (Bacil)
rus subtilis) and Erwinia carotovora,
Xanthomonas campestris, a herbicide (Xa
nthomonas campestris is formulated, and among the filamentous fungi, Beauveria bronniati (Beauveria b) has an insecticidal effect on beetles and termites.
beauveria ba, which is an insecticide such as P. longiartii) or lepidopteran pests.
ssiana), other Beauveria amorpha (Be)
auveria amorpha), Metalhidium anisople
iae) and Verticillium recany (Verti)
C. lecanii) has been formulated.

[0004] In many cases, pest control preparations using microorganisms show activity in a living state of microorganisms, but the stability in a natural environment is extremely poor especially in the case of filamentous fungi. Due to its poor stability, pest control preparations using filamentous fungi require attention during storage and transportation.
For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 7-508645 discloses a method of preserving a filamentous fungus and its conidia during storage and transportation by using a packaging material in order to increase the stability of the conidia.

[0005] Cultures of filamentous fungi disclosed in JP-A-63-190807 and JP-A-3-98567 are
It is obtained by culturing bacteria on a urethane foam or a nonwoven fabric, and has a sheet shape so as to be easily wound around a damaged tree in order to control adults such as longhorn beetles. This is because the preparation was made with the conidia grown on the hypha, and the stability was good, and it was stable for more than 1 year at 5 ° C or less, 2 years or more at -20 ° C or less, and 2 months at 25 ° C. Is stable and is recognized as a long-acting preparation in the field.

[0006] Among the pest control preparations using filamentous fungi, for example, preparations for controlling lepidopteran pests require a wettable powder type which is easier to spray than a solid preparation having a high residual effect in the field. I have. However, when only the conidia of the active ingredient of the filamentous fungus are separated and formulated as a wettable powder type, there is a problem that the stability is lost when the conidia moves away from the conidia.

[0007] Therefore, as a pest control preparation using a filamentous fungus, an oil agent or emulsion in which conidia are stabilized by adding oil has been developed. However, stability is limited even when oil is added, and when the pest control preparation is an oil or an emulsion, additives such as oil may cause phytotoxicity to plants.

[0008]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a pesticidal preparation which can stably store microorganisms having an insecticidal action against pests and which can easily obtain a microorganism dispersion when used, and a pest control formulation. An object of the present invention is to provide a pest control method used.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, a culture obtained by solid-culturing a microorganism having an insecticidal action against pests using a carrier. Is wrapped in a container having a mesh part to form a pest control formulation, which is stabilized without damaging the microorganisms until use.At the time of use, the microorganisms are dispersed in water simply by putting it in water, It has been found that, by leaving the carrier in the container, a microorganism dispersion can be easily prepared without contaminating the carrier. In addition, the present inventors have found that it is possible to control pests without harm by oil or the like by spraying a microorganism dispersion liquid to a damaged portion, and completed the present invention.

[0010] That is, the present invention relates to [1] a pest control preparation obtained by enclosing a culture obtained by solid culturing a microorganism having an insecticidal action against pests using a carrier in a container having a mesh portion. And [2] a method for controlling pests, which comprises placing the pest control preparation according to [1] in water, dispersing microorganisms, and spraying the obtained microorganism dispersion.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Pests to be controlled according to the present invention are not particularly limited, but include, for example, plant pests, house pests and the like. Specifically, Konaga,
Lepidoptera including white cabbage butterflies, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeidae, Cerambycidae, Weevils, Coleoptera including stink bugs and house termites (Coptterm)
esformosanus, termite (Ret)
and insects belonging to the order of the termites, including S. iculitermes sp., and micro-insects such as spider mites, bed bugs, aphids and planthoppers.

The microorganism used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has an insecticidal action against pests. Specifically, the microorganism is Beauveria brongniati which is an insect pathogen.
tii), Beauveri Bassiana (Beauveri)
a bassiana), Beauveria amorpha (B
eauveria amorpha), metallidium
Anisopurje (Metatarzium anisop)
liae) and Verticillium recany (Vert)
Bacillus thuringiensis (B), which kills filamentous fungi such as icilium lecanii) and lepidopteran pests
Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), which has a preventive, bactericidal, and herbicidal effect against phytopathogenic fungi and weeds.
s) and Erwinia Carotobola (Erwin)
ia carotovora), Xanthomonas campestris (Xanthomonas campes)
tris) and the like. These microorganisms can be isolated from plants and dead insects infested with the fungus in the field.

When the microorganism is a filamentous fungus, the hypha can be spread on a carrier to form a conidiophore, on which a conidia of about 10 μm can grow. The mechanism by which the filamentous fungus kills the pest begins when the conidia attach to the skin surface of the pest, and the conidia can extend the mycelium on the skin surface, penetrate the skin and extend into the body of the pest. Then, in the body of the pest, in the body fluid, division and proliferation are repeated with short hyphae, during which the pest is deprived of nutrients and water in the body and dies. After the death of the pest, the filamentous fungus again penetrates the mycelium out of the body to form conidia.

In the present specification, as a carrier for solid-state culturing of a microorganism, a commonly used known carrier can be used. For example, plant powders (wood flour, rice cereal, soy flour, wheat bran, tobacco flour, starch) , Cellulose and the like), inclusion compounds such as cyclodextrin and the like. These can be processed into dosage forms such as granules, tablets and pellets and used. In addition, synthetic fibers (polyethylene, nylon, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyester, polypropylene, vinylon, etc.), animal and plant fibers or inorganic fibers (cellulose, resin, silk, cotton, wool, paper,
Cloth, nonwoven fabric, woven fabric, leather, aluminum, etc.) can also be used as the carrier. These can be processed into a dosage form such as a banding agent and a sheeting agent and used. Among these, wheat bran, rice cereal, and soybean flour are preferred from the viewpoint of versatility as a carrier and utilization as a medium component.

As a method for solid-state culturing of microorganisms using a carrier, for example, a culture solution obtained by liquid culturing using glucose as a carbon source is added to water of the same weight as wheat bran, sprayed onto an autoclaved carrier, and sterilized. And stir to 25
90% R.C. H. A method of statically culturing for about 7 days under the above conditions may be mentioned.

The density of microorganisms (the number of viable cells per unit weight) in the culture is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 ⁷ / g or more, preferably 10 ⁹ to 10 ¹¹ / g.
g is more preferred. Above all, Beauveria basciana has high productivity of fungi, so that a high pest control effect can be obtained at 10 ⁹ to 10 ¹¹ cells / g, which is useful in various aspects such as a more compact pest control formulation. It is. The bacterial density can be measured by a dilution plate method.

When a surfactant is further added to the preparation of the present invention, when the pest control preparation is put into water and the microorganisms are dispersed in the water outside the container, the transfer to the outside of the container is promoted by the surfactant. This is preferable because the concentration of microorganisms in water increases. The surfactant is not particularly limited, an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant,
Nonionic surfactants and the like can be mentioned. Above all, it is possible to keep the culture in a container for a long time without causing rot deterioration, and it is possible to promote the dispersion of the microorganism without killing microorganisms when put in water. From the viewpoint, lignin sulfonate, dialkyl ester sulfonate, alkyl sulfate,
A powdery surfactant containing at least one selected from the group consisting of alkyl allyl sulfonates, naphthalene sulfonates, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan stearate and polycarboxylates is preferred.

[0018] The amount of culture used is
And the number of microorganisms as active ingredients is 10 ⁶-10⁸Pieces / ml
It is preferable to prepare so that
l / R is 0.5 to 100 g in the container
Is preferable, and about 10^TenAbout 10 cells / g culture⁷/ Ml
5 to 10 g is preferable in order to adjust the amount of microorganisms.

The amount of the surfactant to be used is preferably 1/100 to 2 times the amount of the culture, more preferably 1/10 to the same amount.

The container used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has a mesh portion. The mesh portion may cover the entire container or may be a part of the container. If the material of the mesh part of the container is insoluble in water,
There is no particular limitation, and examples include nylon, rayon, polyester, polyethylene, cloth, and paper. The pore size of the mesh is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.005 mm or more, and more preferably 0.01 mm or more, from the viewpoint that when the pest control preparation is put in water, the microorganisms are easily dispersed in water outside the container. . On the other hand, from the viewpoint of confining the carrier in the container, it is preferably 1 mm or less, more preferably 0.1 mm or less.

When the mesh portion is a part of the container, the material of the container other than the mesh portion is not particularly limited as long as it is insoluble in water, and may be plastic or metal. It is preferable to use a cotton cloth or a pulp nonwoven fabric from the viewpoint of spontaneous collapse when discarded.

The size of the container is not particularly limited as long as the culture can be wrapped, and its shape is not limited. For example, a shape such as a bag shape, a tube shape, and a square shape may be used.

The pest control formulation of the present invention can be stably stored because it is held on a carrier in a culture without damaging microorganisms until it is put into water.

The pest control preparation of the present invention is placed in water to disperse the microorganisms in water outside the container, and the resulting microbial dispersion is sprayed on the damaged part or the place where the damage may occur, thereby controlling the pest control. Pest damage can be prevented.

In this case, the microorganisms may be dispersed in water containing a surfactant. For example, dispersing microorganisms by putting the pest control formulation of the present invention in water containing a surfactant,
Microorganisms can be dispersed in water containing a surfactant by various methods such as adding a surfactant together with the pest control formulation in water, or adding a surfactant after adding the pest control formulation in water. Thereby, the transfer of the microorganisms to the outside of the container is promoted, and the concentration of the microorganisms in water is preferably increased. The surfactant is not particularly limited, and may be the same as the surfactant further contained in the preparation of the present invention.

The amount of water to be added to the insect-controlling preparation is such that a microbial dispersion having an appropriate concentration can be obtained. From the viewpoint of dispersibility, the amount is preferably 0.1 to 10 L per 1 g of the culture.
0.5 to 2 L is more preferable. The number of microorganisms in the microorganism dispersion is preferably 10 ⁶ to 10 ⁸ cells / ml.

The dispersion of the obtained microorganism dispersion liquid can be carried out using a general pesticide sprayer or the like.

[0028]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following Examples, which should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example 1 As a microorganism, 20 g of a culture obtained by solid cultivation of Beauveria bronniati on rice husks was put in a bag of nylon mesh (pore diameter: about 0.1 mm) of 20 × 14 cm, and heat-sealed. A number of control formulations were prepared. The density of microorganisms in the culture is 3.6 × 10 ⁹ cells / g
Met. The dilution plate method was used for measuring the bacterial density. Hereinafter, the same applies. The obtained pest control formulation is
0m1, 2L, 10L in water for 3 hours
The microorganisms were dispersed in the water outside the bag to obtain a microorganism dispersion. The bacterial concentration of the obtained microorganism dispersion was measured to determine the number of bacteria. The proportion of microorganisms dispersed in the microbial dispersion is 26% of the microorganisms in the culture before being submerged in water, 2%,
1% and 28%, which proved to be unaffected by the volume of water. However, the carrier of the culture did not leak out of the bag as foreign matter.

Example 2 Example 1 except that the bag further contained 20 g of a surfactant (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate).
A pest control formulation was prepared in the same manner as described above. The resulting pest control formulation was placed in 600 ml of water and left for 3 hours,
The microorganisms were dispersed in the water outside the bag to obtain a microorganism dispersion. As a result of measuring the bacterial concentration of the obtained microbial dispersion and determining the number of microbes, the ratio of the microbes dispersed in the microbial dispersion was almost 100% of the microbes in the culture before being placed in water. As compared with the result of Example 1, it was found that the ratio of the microorganisms dispersed in the microorganism dispersion can be increased by further adding the surfactant. However, the carrier of the culture did not leak as foreign matter.

Example 3 The microbial dispersion obtained in Example 2 was put into a sprayer and sprayed 1 to 5 times on each of six adults of the longhorn beetle, and the number of days until death was examined. One spraying was carried out on two yellow-horned beetles. In addition, the amount of the microorganism dispersion liquid in one application was 0.2 ml. When the application was performed one or more times, the application was continuously performed. Table 1 shows the results.

[0032]

[Table 1]

As shown in Table 1, the adults of the long-horned beetle were less than 11 days when sprayed once and 8 when sprayed 2 to 5 times.
He died in a day, after which white hyphae grew. It can be seen that the microbial dispersion used in Example 3 is effective for killing adult adults of the longhorn beetle.

Example 4 and Comparative Example 1 As Example 4, 20 healthy house termites were placed in a 90 mm diameter petri dish covered with filter paper. The microbial dispersion obtained in Example 2 was put into a sprayer and sprayed twice on a termite in a petri dish, and then the number of dead termites was examined. The amount of the microbial dispersion in one application was 0.2 ml, and the application was performed twice. Also, as Comparative Example 1, the lethal number of house termites was examined in the same manner as in Example 4, except that a liquid containing no bacteria was prepared instead of the microorganism dispersion liquid. In Example 4 and Comparative Example 1, each test was performed on three groups. Table 2 shows the results.

[0035]

[Table 2]

From the results shown in Table 2, in Example 4,
It can be seen that all 20 termites were killed within 7 days in 3 groups. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, even after 14 days, at most three termites were killed, indicating that the microbial dispersion used in Example 4 was effective in killing the termites. In Example 4, after the death of the house termite, some hyphae grew.

Example 5 2 g of a culture obtained by solid cultivation of Beauveria bassiana as a microorganism on wheat bran and 2 g of a powdered surfactant mainly composed of ligninsulfonate were mixed with a nylon mesh (pore diameter: about 0.1 mm). ) In a 4 x 7 cm bag,
A pest control formulation was prepared by heat sealing.
The density of microorganisms in the culture was 1.6 × 10 ¹⁰ cells /
g. The resulting pest control formulation was placed in 10 L of water and allowed to stand for 3 hours to disperse the microorganisms in the water outside the bag to obtain a microorganism dispersion. Thereafter, the culture was taken out of the bag, crushed with a mixer, and the number of remaining bacteria was measured. As a result, the bacterial density of the culture after dispersing the microorganisms in water was 0.1 × 10 ¹⁰ Pcs / g. That is, the ratio of the microorganisms dispersed in the microorganism dispersion liquid was about 94% of the microorganisms in the culture before being placed in water. However, the carrier of the culture did not leak as foreign matter.

Example 6 and Comparative Example 2 As Example 6, 30 healthy 4th instar larvae of the Japanese moth moth were placed in a 90 mm diameter petri dish covered with filter paper. The microorganism dispersion of Beauveria bassiana obtained in Example 5 was put into a sprayer and sprayed twice on the diamondback moth in a petri dish, and the number of lethargy of the subsequent diamondback moth was examined. The amount of the microbial dispersion in one application was 0.2 ml, and the application was performed twice. Further, as Comparative Example 2, the lethal number of the Japanese moth was examined in the same manner as in Example 6, except that a liquid having no bacteria was prepared instead of the microorganism dispersion liquid.
In Example 6 and Comparative Example 2, each test was performed on three groups. Table 3 shows the results.

[0039]

[Table 3]

From the results shown in Table 3, in the three groups,
In Example 6, 95% of the Japanese moth died within 3 days. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 2, even three days later, at most two Japanese moths were killed, indicating that the microorganism dispersion used in Example 6 was effective in killing Japanese moths. Mycelia died in Example 6 had hyphae all over the body surface.

Example 7 20 g of a culture obtained by solid cultivation of Beauveria bronniati as a microorganism on wheat bran and a powdered surfactant containing lignin sulfonate as a main component were used in an amount of 0 g each.
~ 20g of nylon mesh (pore diameter about 0.1mm)
A pest control formulation was prepared by placing in a 0 × 14 cm bag and heat sealing. The bacterial density of the microorganism in the culture was 3.2 × 10 ⁹ cells / g. The obtained insect pest control formulation was placed in 10 L of water and allowed to stand for 1 to 3 hours to disperse the microorganisms in water outside the bag to obtain a microorganism dispersion. The bacterial concentration of the obtained microorganism dispersion was measured to determine the number of bacteria, and the ratio of the microorganisms dispersed in the microorganism dispersion to the culture before being placed in water was calculated. Table 4 shows the results.

[0042]

[Table 4]

From the results in Table 4, it is found that 80% or more of the microorganisms are dispersed in the microorganism dispersion liquid by adding 5 g of the surfactant, and more microorganisms are contained by adding the surfactant to the pest control preparation. It can be seen that it can be dispersed in a microorganism dispersion.

[0044]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The pest control preparation of the present invention can stably store microorganisms having an insecticidal action on pests, and can easily obtain a microorganism dispersion when used. Further, by using the pest control preparation of the present invention, pest control can be effectively performed.

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A pest control preparation comprising a culture obtained by solid-culturing microorganisms having an insecticidal action on pests using a carrier, in a container having a mesh portion. 2. A mesh having a pore diameter of 0.005 to 1 mm.
The pest control formulation according to claim 1, which is: 3. The pest control preparation according to claim 1, wherein the pest is a plant pest or a house pest. 4. The insect pests include lepidoptera including moths, cabbage butterfly and white-winged starfish, beetles, beetles, longhorn beetles, weevil, and stink bugs, and house termites (Copterotermes formosa).
nus), termite (Reticuliterm)
The insect pest control formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is one or more insect pests selected from the group consisting of insects belonging to the termites including es spertus. 5. The microorganism, wherein the microorganism is Beauveria brongniartii,
Beauveria bass
Siana), Beauveria Amorpha (Beauve)
ria amorpha), Metallhidium anisopriae
And Verticillium recany (Verticill)
A pest control formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is one or more filamentous fungi selected from the group consisting of iumlecanii). 6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a surfactant.
A pest control formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is lignin sulfonate,
Dialkyl ester sulfonate, alkyl sulfate, alkyl allyl sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan stearate and at least one selected from the group consisting of polycarboxylates The pest control formulation according to claim 6, which is a powdery surfactant containing the same. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the carrier is confined in the container when placed in water, and the microorganisms are dispersed in the water outside the container.
7. The pest control formulation according to any one of 7. 9. A method for controlling pests, comprising placing the pest control preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in water to disperse microorganisms, and spraying the obtained microorganism dispersion. 10. The pest control method according to claim 9, wherein the microorganisms are dispersed in water containing a surfactant.