JP2002331521A - Laminated plate different in color and hardness containing waste material as main material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce multi-layer woody plates different in color and hardness having excellent dimensional stability and good forming properties and to provide the plates as engraving plate products. SOLUTION: A material in which a colored inorganic pigment is added/mixed into a simple substance or a composite material of vegetable fiber waste such as crushed used paper, wood powder, Manila hemp, and bagasse, crushed desulfurized waste rubber, and a soft resin are mixed, kneaded, extruded, and molded by a plurality of extruders to produce the multi-layer woody plates different in color and hardness. The plates are cut in a prescribed size to manufacture engraving plates.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for producing a multilayered wood-like board by heating and kneading plant fibrous wastes such as waste paper, wood flour, abaca and bacass and waste plastics with an extruder.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Since ancient times, natural materials such as light and soft Japanese tsugi and magnolia have been used as print materials. In recent years, rubber materials have been used from the viewpoint of lack of wood resources and protection of the global environment. I have.

[0003] Further, rubber plate materials used as plate materials tend to deteriorate with age and are difficult to store.

[0004] Recently, there is also a method of manufacturing a woody board by mixing finely pulverized wood flour and waste plastic. However, the wood flour is mixed with a resin or the like after removing a certain amount of water by hot air drying or the like. A high-speed mixer is used to impact resin, wood flour, etc. to generate heat. However, due to the high speed, finely crushed wood flour is scattered and an accurate mixing ratio is not obtained.

[0005]

The problem of the present invention is that, when high-speed rotary mixer is used to impinge and mix wood flour or the like at a high speed, the dust of the finely divided wood flour is scattered and the mixing ratio of the components of the product is accurately obtained. Waste paper, which has a higher bulk specific gravity than wood flour, has more dust scattered and dissolves the resin several times, causing a significant change in the molecular weight of the resin, degrading the original composition of the resin and deteriorating Speeding up. The first aspect of the present invention overcomes the above-mentioned drawbacks and obtains a product in which the original components of waste paper, wood flour, resin, and the like are maintained with an accurate mixing ratio.

In the conventional natural wood, grain and knots become obstacles to engraving, causing poor distribution of ink and the like during letterpress.
Depending on the condition of the wood grain, there is a difference in hardness at each point of the woodblock.When making and storing the woodcut with natural wood, it is necessary to pay close attention to cracks and curvatures due to conditions such as temperature and temperature. In addition, there is a limit in increasing the area of the woodcut in natural wood, and there is a case where the composition has to be changed by giving priority to the arrangement of the nodes and the wood grain.

[0007]

According to the present invention, each of the above-mentioned items is solved by protecting limited earth resources and recycling waste paper and waste rubber and waste plastic which are troubled by the processing. -Enables the technology to produce inexpensively large-area printing materials that are made of a uniform material with no grain and no molding distortion.

As a means for correcting the inaccuracy of the mixing ratio due to the scattering of the dust by the high-speed rotary mixer, the scattering of the dust finely divided by an extruder having a plurality of moisture removing mechanisms is prevented. Accordingly, an accurate mixing ratio is achieved, and a composite material pellet in which the water content of the material is adjusted is produced.

By using the same resin to make an accurate mixing ratio, it is possible to obtain products of different hardness, and it is possible to obtain products of different front and back hardness by multi-layer discharge using a plurality of extruders. In addition, it is easy to obtain multilayer products of different hardness and different colors by mixing and mixing pigment pigments.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this embodiment, waste paper (cardboard) is used as waste and soft polyethylene is used as a resin material. (LDPE) and rubber.

FIG. 2 shows an apparatus of an extruder 10 for attaining the object of claim 1 of the present invention, in which waste paper finely pulverized to 8 m / m or less, resin material pulverized to 5 m / m or less, and 2
The rubber pulverized to m / m or less is put into the hopper port 13 in FIG. The input ratio is determined by measuring the water content of the waste paper and calculating the waste water 50 to 75 w
% Based on time, and a photocatalytic antibacterial titanium oxide having a particle size of 0.05 m / m is mixed with used paper at a rate of 2 to 3%, and the remaining amount of 22 to 48% is mixed with an equal amount of resin and rubber. .

By mixing the photocatalytic antibacterial titanium oxide, the fluidity and dispersibility of the heat-melted resin increases,
Furthermore, the non-combustibility of wood flour is increased.

The extruder 10 is provided with two moisture removing devices (venting devices) 18 and 19. Waste paper usually contains 5 to 7% by weight of water, so if it is mixed with a resin without removing the water and heated and compressed and extruded, water vapor is generated in the cylinder 14 or the mold 7
The explosion in 0 causes irregular bubbles in the product, and when the temperature rises, the material discolors due to the effect of water vapor and induces generation of wood acid gas. Depending on the matter, they are prevented from occurring.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The above-mentioned mixture is pressurized and kneaded by a screw 15 driven inside a cylinder 14 heated by a heater 17, so that the waste paper is heated and becomes flexible. At the same time, the waste paper is bitten into the waste paper, and at the same time, the water is released in the process in which the shape of the waste paper is divided into granules due to the kneading pressure.

As a general method for removing water, an extruder having a devolatilizing mechanism (vent mechanism) is used. In the present embodiment, it is necessary to gradually increase the temperature and pressure when performing the dewatering, and the screw 15 is provided with a plurality of leads to increase the compression and a single-screw extruder having a plurality of corresponding dewatering mechanisms. It was used. In addition, it is necessary to take a vacuum suction method as needed. At this time, as the water content of the material evaporates, it becomes lighter and becomes dusty and scatters from the dewatering board,
In a state where the resin is semi-melted and the waste paper is included,
Must pass through distilling boards 18 and 19.
Since the used paper has a water content of 1 w% or less by passing through the cylinder 14 at 150 ° C., the melting point of the resin used is 1%.
Those having a temperature of 50 ° C. or less are desirable.

The mixed material that has passed through the vent board is heated above the melting point of the resin, compressed and kneaded, and discharged from the nozzle 16. Although the shape of the discharge port is arbitrary, it is desirable to perform hot cutting while avoiding a water cooling method in forming the pellet.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of crushing a mixed material discharged from a discharge port of 3 m / mx 150 m / m using a crusher. At this time, the shape and particle size of the pulverized product must be determined in consideration of the next step. However, in this embodiment, the pulverized product is pulverized to 8 m / m or less in order to facilitate the machine input in the next step.

Also, as shown in FIG.
May be separately injected into the extruders 30 and 50, mixed and kneaded with a resin, a pigment, and the like, which are calculated in advance and charged from the respective hopper ports 33 and 53, and then injected into the mold 70 and molded. . The equipment used in this case is a single screw extruder equipped with a full flight type screw. In the present invention, practical molding was performed using the apparatus of FIG. Figure 3 below
-Example is shown based on FIG.4 and FIG.5.

The extruder 30 is a device for extruding a base material 135 of a product, and is a single screw extruder equipped with a full flight type screw. The material granulated by the extruder 10 is mixed with a resin material, a rubber material, and a pigment or the like, which are calculated as hardness as a base material by taking into account the granulated material, and if necessary, a pigment is mixed into the material. . The input material is
Heated, pressurized and kneaded in the machine and injected into the mold 70

The extruder 50 is a device for extruding the functional material 136 of the product, and is a single screw extruder equipped with a full flight type screw. The raw material granulated by the extruder 10 is mixed with a resin material, a rubber material, and, if necessary, a pigment or the like, whose hardness or the like is calculated as a functional material by adding the raw material to the raw material, and is mixed with the raw material through the hopper port 53. . The input material is
Heated, pressurized and kneaded in the machine and injected into the mold 70

The base material extruder 30 and the functional material extruder 50
Is to use a composite material which has been mixed and mixed in a pellet production extruder 10 as a living body, and add a resin material and a colored pigment for maintaining the performance as a basic material and a functional material thereto and extrude it. Therefore, it is desirable that the screws 35 and 55 used in each device have a shape that avoids increasing the mixed pressure, and in this embodiment, the compression ratio is 2.2.
Is used.

FIG. 6 The mold 70 comprises a heating section 81 and a cooling section 8.
2, and the heating unit is a cartridge heater 78.
The base material discharged from the extruder 30 and injected from the injection port 71 using the
In order to improve the fluidity of the functional material injected through the injection port 72, additional heating is performed, and the mold is configured with a coat hanger deformable T-die method to improve the fluidity of the material. The functional material injection port 72 from the extruder 50 is
It is a structure that is arranged on both sides of 35, and since the base material and the functional material are the same as the original material, it becomes a hot-melt adhesive form,
The thickness of each layer can be arbitrarily changed depending on the amount of discharge. The cooling unit 82 is a water-cooled jacket system, which rapidly cools a molded product to produce a product having a stable thickness. In addition, it is also possible to change the thickness of the product from time to time by changing the space plate 76.

The mold has a structure that minimizes frictional resistance with the product. The material injection section adopts a coat hanger T-die deformation method to increase the fluidity of the product and make it easier to expand in the horizontal direction. Additional heating is applied, and the discharge part is a water quenching part and the product solidifies rapidly. As a result, the expansion of the injection portion is accelerated by increasing the frictional resistance with the mold.

The material passing through the mold has a property of being discharged without expanding, and the mixed material tends to cause a distribution failure due to the specific gravity of the particles. Although the structure has been treated like this,
In addition, a braking mechanism 90 is provided as a measure for assisting the degree of expansion of the product and ensuring uniformity of the material. Its structure is
Drive rolls 91A and 91B, driven rolls 92A and 92B
Further, an electromagnetic brake 94 is used.

The drive rolls 91A and 91B are linked to each other, and act to give resistance to the discharge of the material by applying air pressure to 92A and 92B, and to the electromagnetic force attached to the drive shaft. The brake functions to control the drive and increase the resistance. The air pressure applied to the driven roll and the power factor applied to the electromagnetic brake are adjusted according to the thickness of the material and the degree of expansion in the lateral direction. In this embodiment, a product having a width of 600 m / m and a thickness of 5 m / m is discharged. Pressure applied to the driven roll during
m, the power factor given to the electromagnetic brake is 80-100Nm
A good result could be obtained at the point of time (based on the power factor calculation formula made by Mitsubishi Electric Corporation).

As a measure for increasing the degree of expansion of the product, there is a method of increasing the length of the mold and relying on the frictional resistance. However, the distribution of the composite material is remarkably changed, and the frictional resistance is increased. As a result, the central part of the product expands,
The mold itself is affected, and an accelerated expansion phenomenon is observed, which may lead to damage of the mold. In this embodiment, when manufacturing a product having a width of 600 m / m and a thickness of 5 to 25 m / m, the length from the injection port to the product discharge port is 600 m / m.
m mold is used.

The material produced by the above process is coated with a resin layer having a surface of 0.05 to 0.1 m / m, and has a width of 600 m / m, a length of 1000 m / m and a thickness of 5 to 25 m / m.
In the thickness direction, a dimensional error of about 0.1 to 0.2 m / m is recognized, but the surface layer is completely flattened by grinding with a No. 80 to 120 paper to exhibit a state of a woody board. As far as the surface can be visually observed, there is no fluff and the glue of wood ink is good. This can be cut to a predetermined size to obtain a printing plate.

[0028]

According to the present invention, the water content of the mixed material produced according to claim 1 is 0.5%, and the water content of the material individually manufactured as a base material and a functional material using the material is 0.3%. Both have a function as a printing plate, and also have a uniform distribution by thermal melting, so that it is possible to produce a large-sized printing plate having no change in hardness during sculpting. The condition of claim 3 can be satisfied.

Since the hardness of the base material 135 and the hardness of the functional material 136 are different depending on the mixing ratio of the raw materials to be added, the depth of the engraving can be felt by hand. It is also a guideline, because there is no problem due to over engraving, and because it is a different color, clear engraved lines can be visually observed during engraving, so fine engraved lines can be obtained, Eyeball fatigue can be suppressed as compared with processing a single color product.

The density of the functional material can be varied in various ways by subdividing the particles of wood flour and waste paper used as the raw material of the functional material 136, and the melt index of the resin material can be used. Thus, the hardness of the material can be freely changed. Further, by diversifying the pigment color, it is possible to easily identify the density and hardness of the printing plate by color, so that it is possible to easily select a material suitable for each skill.

Since the colors of the base material and the functional material are different, there is no sense of incongruity even when posted as a print master, and
Since the degree of moisture drying is very fast, the method of storing the original plate after letterpress is easy.

Since titanium oxide having photocatalytic and antibacterial properties is mixed as an inorganic material, it is possible to cope with an unexpected accident at the time of engraving. Can be collected, recycled, and reused.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an extruder equipped with a vent device for producing pellets by kneading waste paper and resin and adjusting the water content.

FIG. 2 is a side view of an extruder equipped with a vent device for manufacturing pellets by kneading waste paper and resin and adjusting moisture.

FIG. 3 is a side view of an apparatus for manufacturing a multicolor multilayer board.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of an apparatus for manufacturing a multicolor multilayer board.

FIG. 5 is a method 1 for injecting a base material and a functional material into a mold.

FIG. 6 is an apparatus for molding a base material and a functional material without forming pellets.

[Fig. 7] A method for injecting into a mold when molding a base material / functional material without pelletizing.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a multilayer mold.

FIG. 9 is a side view of a multilayer mold.

FIG. 10 shows an example of a pellet production method.

FIG. 11: Discharge material before pulverization

FIG. 12 is a cross section of a completed multicolor, multi-layer, wood-like printing plate.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Vent-type extruder 25 Splicing pipe 11 Reduction gear 26 Splicing pipe 12 Drive pulley 30 Base material extruder 13 Hopper 31 Reducer 14 Cylinder 32 Drive pulley 15 Screw 33 Input port 16 Nozzle 34 Cylinder 17 Band heater 35 Screw 18 Water removal device 136 Band heater 19 Moisture removal device 2 37 Nozzle 1 20 Cylinder cover 38 L-shaped nozzle 1 22 Pellet material discharge port 39 Nozzle 2 40 Guide 45 Nozzle 12 90 Braking device 50 Functional material extruder 91A Drive roll 51 Reducer 91B Drive roll 52 Drive pulley 92A Follower roll 53 Input port 92B Follower roll 54 Cylinder 93 Air cylinder 55 Screw 94 Electromagnetic brake 56 Heater 110 Crusher 57 Nozzle 3 111 Rotary blade 58 L type Slurry 3 112 Screen 59 Nozzle 4 130 Multi-colored multi-layer board 70 Mold 135 Functional board 71 Main material inlet 136 Main board 72 Functional material inlet 75 Upper mold adjusting plate 76 Spacer (thickness 77 Lower mold Tar 78 Cartridge) Heat 79 Cooling pipe 81 Mold heating section 82 Mold cooling section

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) B29B 11/10 B29B 11/10 B29C 47/04 B29C 47/04 47/76 47/76 B32B 21/13 B32B 21/13 // B29K 101: 12 B29K 101: 12 105: 26 105: 26 511: 10 511: 10 511: 12 511: 12 B29L 7:00 B29L 7:00 9:00 9:00 F Term (Reference) 2B260 AA20 BA01 BA04 BA05 BA07 BA15 BA18 BA19 CB01 CB04 CD30 DB21 DC10 DD03 EA12 EB02 EB06 EB08 EB12 EC18 4F100 AA01B AA01C AH00B AH00C AJ02C AJ02B AJ02C AJ02B AJ02C AK01A AK01B01 AP01 BA00 BAK DG10A DG10B DG10C EH17 EK01 GB90 JK13A JK13B JK13C JL01 JL04 JL16A JL16B JL16C 4F201 AA05 AA07 AA45 AB12 AC04 AD16 AG01 AG03 AH53 AH81 BA01 BA03 BC02 BC12 BC17 BC21 BC25 BC37 BD05 BK25 BK36 BK46 BK64 BM01 BM06 BM13 BM14 BN18 BN29 BQ50 4F207 AA05 AA07 AB11 AB24 AC04 AD16 AG01 AG02 AH53 AH81 KA01 KA17 KB26 KB28 KF02 KK12 KK81 KL05 KL22 KL47 KL58 KL84 KW23

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A simple or composite plant fiber waste such as crushed waste paper, wood flour, abaca, baccas, etc., a desulfurized waste rubber crushed product, and a soft resin mixed and kneaded and contained in waste paper, etc. For preparing the water content 2. Mixing and kneading a colored inorganic pigment and a soft resin with a simple or composite plant fiber waste such as crushed waste paper, wood flour, abaca and baccus, and a desulfurized waste rubber crushed product. For manufacturing multilayer wood-like boards of different colors and different hardness by extrusion 3. Mixing and kneading a colored inorganic pigment, a soft resin, etc., with a simple or composite plant fiber waste such as crushed waste paper, wood flour, abaca, and bacass, and a desulfurized waste rubber crushed product. A multilayer wood-like board of different color and hardness manufactured by extrusion.