JP4092218B2 - Wood-like molded product manufacturing equipment - Google Patents

Wood-like molded product manufacturing equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4092218B2
JP4092218B2 JP2003018520A JP2003018520A JP4092218B2 JP 4092218 B2 JP4092218 B2 JP 4092218B2 JP 2003018520 A JP2003018520 A JP 2003018520A JP 2003018520 A JP2003018520 A JP 2003018520A JP 4092218 B2 JP4092218 B2 JP 4092218B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
wood
manufacturing apparatus
pellet
fine particles
resin
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2003018520A
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JP2004230574A (en
Inventor
正行 上手
弘道 黒田
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Misawa Homes Co Ltd
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Misawa Homes Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2003018520A priority Critical patent/JP4092218B2/en
Priority to CNB031538363A priority patent/CN100408293C/en
Priority to CN2005100513910A priority patent/CN1663774B/en
Publication of JP2004230574A publication Critical patent/JP2004230574A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/28—Moulding or pressing characterised by using extrusion presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/402—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders the screws having intermeshing parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/404—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders the screws having non-intermeshing parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/625—Screws characterised by the ratio of the threaded length of the screw to its outside diameter [L/D ratio]

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、木材から得られるセルロース系微粉粒と、熱可塑性樹脂とを含む木質様成形品を製造する木質様成形品製造装置に関する。
【０００２】
【背景技術】
住宅の内装部品として、最近では、回り縁や幅木、階段手すり、階段踏板、サッシ枠、家具、テーブル、カウンター等に木質様成形品が用いられている。
この木質様成形品は、天然の木材や、おが屑等を粉砕して得たセルロース系微粉粒に、樹脂を混練・溶融してペレットを製造し、このペレットを成形装置で所定形状に成形して形成される。
【０００３】
ここで、ペレットを製造する技術として、自動車室内用の内装部品として使用される合成樹脂製の射出成形品を製造する際に用い樹脂ペレット製造技術が知られている（特許文献１）。
この特許文献１の技術は、熱可塑性樹脂と強化フィラーとをミキシングした後、混合材料を押出成形機に供給し、熱可塑性樹脂と強化フィラーとを混練し、ダイを通じて棒状の樹脂材として押し出し、押し出された棒状の樹脂材の表面にプロテインパウダーを付着させ、これを冷却槽内で冷却した後、適宜粒径の樹脂ペレットを製造するものである。
【０００４】
【特許文献１】
特開平8-183028号公報（特許請求の範囲及び図１）
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、特許文献１では、熱可塑性樹脂と強化フィラーとをミキシングする装置、混合材料を押し出して棒状に形成する装置、棒状部材を冷却する装置、冷却したものを切断する装置、等の多くの装置を必要とする。
木質様成形品を製造するために、多くの作業工程をそれぞれ行う装置が別個に必要となることから、施工期間が長いものとなっている。
そこで、従来より、施工期間を短縮できる装置が望まれている。
【０００６】
本発明の目的は、施工期間を短縮できる木質様成形品製造装置を提供することである。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そのため、本発明の木質様成形品製造装置は、添付図面を参照して説明すると、木材を受け入れてセルロース系微粉粒を製造する木材受入装置１と、熱可塑性樹脂を受け入れる樹脂受入装置２と、前記セルロース系微粉粒と前記熱可塑性樹脂とから粉粒状の固形化物を形成するペレット製造装置４と、このペレット製造装置４で製造された粉粒状の固形化物を所定形状に成形する成形装置６とを備え、前記ペレット製造装置４は、前記セルロース系微粉粒と前記熱可塑性樹脂とを混練溶融して混合材料とする混練機能と、この混合材料を押し出す押出機能と、押し出された混合材料をペレット状に切断する切断機能とを有し、かつ、一端が投入口に開口され他端が押出口に開口された材料成形路４１と、この材料成形路内において互いに平行に配置される少なくとも２本のスクリュー４２，４３とを備え、これらのスクリューの１本は他のスクリューに比べて前記押出口側が長く形成されていることを特徴とする。
【０００８】
この構成の発明では、まず、木材受入装置１で製造されたセルロース系微粉粒と、樹脂受入装置２で受け入れられた熱可塑性樹脂とをペレット製造装置４に投入して粉粒状の固形化物を形成し、次いで、ペレット製造装置４で製造された粉粒状の固形化物を成形装置で所定形状に成形する。
ペレット製造装置４で行なわれる固定化物の形成に際して、セルロース系微粉粒と熱可塑性樹脂とを混練溶融して混合材料とする混練工程と、この混合材料を押し出す押出工程と、押し出された混合材料をペレット状に切断する切断工程とが同一の装置で行われるので、混練工程の直後に押出工程、さらには、切断工程が行われて施工期間を短縮することができる。
しかも、この構成の発明では、材料成形路４１内の複数本のスクリュー４２，４３は、材料を混練しながら押出口へ押し出す混練機能及び押出機能を有する。材料の混練工程では、材料に摩擦等に起因する熱が発生することになるが、本発明では、複数本のスクリューのうち１本が他のスクリューに比べて押出口側において長く形成されているため、この１本のスクリューの他のスクリューより長い部分が単軸で材料を押し出す機能のみを有することになる。
そのため、押出口側での材料の過熱を抑えることができるので、ペレット製造装置４で製造される材料が過熱されることに伴う品質不良を防止することができる。
【０００９】
ここで、本発明では、前記ペレット製造装置４に供給される前記セルロース系微粉粒と前記熱可塑性樹脂とを予め混ぜるプレミックス装置３を備えた構成が好ましい。
この構成の発明では、プレミックス装置３によりセルロース系微粉粒と熱可塑性樹脂とを予め混ぜることで、ペレット製造装置４に供給される材料がある程度混練された状態となり、ペレット製造装置４での混練作業が不十分となることを防止できる。
そのため、材料の混練が十分に行なわれることで、成形装置で成形される木質様成形品の品質が向上する。
【００１２】
さらに、前記ペレット製造装置４は、前記材料成形路４１内の空気を放出する脱気手段４４を備えた構成が好ましい。
この構成の発明では、材料成形路４１内で高温となった空気を脱気手段４４で外部に放出するため、材料成形路４１内が過熱することを防止できるので、この点からも、混練及び押出工程における不必要な熱の発生を抑えることができる。
【００１３】
また、本発明では、前記ペレット製造装置で製造された粉粒状の固形化物を冷却するペレットクーラ５を備えた構成が好ましい。
この構成の発明では、ペレットクーラ５によってペレット製造装置４で製造された粉粒状の固形化物を自然冷却に比べて短時間で冷却することができるので、次の工程である成形装置での成形工程に短時間に移行することができる。そのため、成形時間をこの点からも短縮することができる。
【００１４】
さらに、本発明では、前記木材受入装置１は、木質廃材を受け入れる構成が好ましい。
この構成の発明では、住宅等の建物を解体した際に排出される木質廃材や家具を解体した際に排出される木質廃材、その他の木質廃材を受け入れてセルロース系微粉粒を製造するため、資源をリサイクルすることで、資源の有効活用を図ることができる。
また、本発明では、前記樹脂受入装置２は、樹脂廃材を受け入れる構成が好ましい。
この構成の発明では、農業用ビニールや自動車用バンパー等の樹脂廃材を受け入れるため、資源をリサイクルすることになり、資源の有効活用を図ることができる。
【００１５】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明の一実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
図１には本実施形態の全体構成が示されている。
図１において、本実施形態の木質様成形品製造装置は、木材を受け入れてセルロース系微粉粒を製造する木材受入装置１と、熱可塑性樹脂を受け入れる樹脂受入装置２と、セルロース系微粉粒と熱可塑性樹脂とを予め混ぜるプレミックス装置３と、このプレミックス装置３で混ぜられたセルロース系微粉粒と熱可塑性樹脂とから粉粒状の固形化物を形成するペレット製造装置４と、このペレット製造装置４で製造された粉粒状の固形化物を冷却するペレットクーラ５と、このペレットクーラ５で冷却された固形化物を所定形状に成形する成形装置６とを備えている。
【００１６】
木材受入装置１は、廃木材破砕機１０と、この廃木材破砕機１０で破砕された木片を貯蔵する木片貯蔵タンク１１と、この木片貯蔵タンク１１で貯蔵された木片から金属を取り除く金属取除装置１２と、この金属取除装置１２で金属が取り除かれた木片を粗く粉砕する一次粉砕機１３と、一次粉砕機１３で破砕された木粉を貯蔵する木粉一次貯蔵タンク１４と、木粉一次貯蔵タンク１４で貯蔵された木粉を細かく粉砕してセルロース系微粉粒を製造する二次粉砕機１５と、二次粉砕機１５で製造されたセルロース系微粉粒を貯蔵する木粉二次貯蔵タンク１６と、木粉二次貯蔵タンク１６で貯蔵されたセルロース系微粉流を計量する木粉計量タンク１７とを備えて構成されている。
木材受入装置１で受け入れられる木材としては、例えば、住宅等の建物を解体した際に排出される木質廃材や家具を解体した際に排出される木質廃材、建物建築中に排出される木材の端材、おが屑等の木質廃材が挙げられる。
【００１７】
廃木材破砕機１０は、金属その他の不純物が混入された状態の廃木材を破砕するものであって、破砕された廃木材は木片貯蔵タンク１１に一時的にストックされた後金属取除装置１２に送られる。
金属取除装置１２は、木片貯蔵タンク１１から排出された木片を搬送する木片搬送装置１２０と、この木片搬送装置１２０で搬送された木片から鉄を取り除く除鉄機１２１と、鉄が取り除かれた廃木材からステンレスを選別するステンレス選別機１２２及び非鉄を選別する非鉄選別機１２３とを備えている。
木粉二次貯蔵タンク１６と木粉計量タンク１７との間にはふるい機１８が設けられており、このふるい機１８は二次粉砕機１５で粉砕されて木粉二次貯蔵タンク１６で貯蔵された木粉が所定の細かさとなっている場合には木粉計量タンク１７に送り所定の細かさになってない場合には木粉一次貯蔵タンク１４に送る構造である。
【００１８】
樹脂受入装置２は、適宜な熱可塑性樹脂、例えば、ポリ塩化ビニル（ＰＶＣ）とポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）とを受け入れるものであって、ポリ塩化ビニルを計量するＰＶＣ計量タンク２０と、ポリプロピレンを計量するＰＰ計量タンク２１とを備えている。
これらのタンク２０，２１は、図示しない原材料投入装置から樹脂を投入するためのホッパ２２をそれぞれ備えている。
本実施形態では、適宜な熱可塑性樹脂として、ポリ塩化ビニルやポリプロピレン以外に、ポリエチレン、発泡塩化ビニル、ポリスチレン、ＡＢＳ等を例示できる。また、これらの熱可塑性樹脂は、新しく製造した樹脂を用いてもよいが、樹脂廃材、例えば、飲食物を含む食品の容器や包装、トレイ等から得られる樹脂廃材を用いてもよい。この樹脂廃材としては、工場廃棄物のポリプロピン（ＰＰ）トレイ、自動車のバンパー、農業用ビニールなどを中間処理業者から入手したものを用いてもよく、この廃材をフレーク状にして原料として使用する。
【００１９】
プレミックス装置３は、木粉計量タンク１７で計量されたセルロース系微粉粒と、ＰＶＣ計量タンク２０及びＰＰ計量タンク２１でそれぞれ計量されたポリ塩化ビニル及びポリプロピレンとを収納する木粉樹脂ホッパ３０と、ポリ塩化ビニルとポリプロピレンとに混ぜるための副資材を受け入れる副資材受入タンク３２〜３５と、これらの副資材受入タンク３２〜３５で受け入れた副資材を収納する副資材ホッパ３６，３７と、木粉樹脂ホッパ３０及び副資材ホッパ３６，６７で受け入れられたセルロース系微粉粒、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリプロピレン及び副資材を混合するプレミキサ３８とを備えて構成されている。
副資材受入タンク３２〜３５で受け入れる副資材として、ポリ塩化ビニル用の強化剤やポリプロピレン用の強化剤、無機顔料、その他添加剤が挙げられる。強化剤及び無機顔料をセルロース系微粉粒にまぶすことになる。
プレミキサ３８は、セルロース系微粉粒、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリプロピレン及び添加剤を大まかに混ざった状態にするものであって、スクリュー等の適宜な攪拌手段を備えた構成である。
本実施形態では、樹脂廃材、木質廃材、その他の材料を所定の割合、例えば、樹脂廃材を２５〜３０％、木質廃材を５１〜５５％、その他を２０％以下としてもよい。
【００２０】
ペレット製造装置４の具体的な構成が図２及び図３に示されている。
図２はペレット製造装置４の概略を示す断面図であり、図３は図２中III-III線に沿った矢視断面図である。
図２において、ペレット製造装置４は、本体４０と、この本体４０に略直線状に延びて形成された材料成形路４１と、この材料成形路４１内において互いに平行に配置される２本のスクリュー４２，４３と、材料成形路４１内の空気を放出する脱気手段４４と、本体４０に設けられた流量調整バルブ４５と、材料成形路４１の下流側に設けられた切断手段４０Ａとを備えている。
材料成形路４１は一端が投入口４１Ａとして開口され他端が押出口４１Ｂとして開口されており、投入口４１Ａの上方にはホッパ４６が設けられている。このホッパ４６はプレミキサ３８で混練された材料を収納するものである。
【００２１】
２本のスクリュー４２，４３は、ともに、セルロース系微粉粒と熱可塑性樹脂とを混練溶融して混合材料とする混練部４２Ａ，４３Ａを備えており、この混練部４２Ａ，４３Ａは、所定ピッチの螺旋部４７Ａと、異形形状の高速ロータ混練部４７Ｂとが交互に配置されたものであって、互いに反対方向に回転する構造である。これらのスクリュー４２，４３は、その回転数が適宜設定（例えば、３００ｒｐｍ）される。本実施形態では混練部４２Ａ，４２Ｂが混練機能として作用する。
高速ロータ混練部４７Ｂは、ピッチが螺旋部４７Ａのピッチより大きく、その断面が楕円形状とされている（図３参照）。
図２に示される通り、一方のスクリュー４２は他方のスクリュー４３に比べて押出口側が長く形成されている。
スクリュー４２のスクリュー４３に対して長い部分は押出部４２Ｂであり、この押出部４２Ｂは単軸で混練部４２Ａ，４３Ａで混練された材料を押出口４１Ｂに向かって押し出す押出機能として作用する。
【００２２】
流量調整バルブ４５は、攪拌部４２Ｂ付近の流量を調整するものである。
脱気手段４４は、材料成形路４１内の空気を外部に放出するもので、混練部４２Ａ，４３Ａに対向して設けられるオープンベント４４Ａと、攪拌部４２Ｂに対向して設けられる真空脱気ベント４４Ｂとを備えている。
切断手段４０Ａは押出部４２Ｂで押し出された材料を所定寸法のペレット状に切断する切断機能として作用するものであり、押出口４１Ｂに配置される図示しないメッシュとこのメッシュの平面に沿って移動するカッターとを備えて構成されている。ここで、メッシュは筒状に押し出される混練材料を、その軸方向に沿って切断するものであり、カッターは混練材料を所定長さに切断するものである。
【００２３】
図１において、ペレットクーラ５はペレット製造装置４の押出口４１Ｂと連結しており、ペレット製造装置４で製造された所定温度（例えば、１５０℃）の粉粒状の固形化物を低い温度（例えば、５０℃〜６０℃）になるまで冷却するものである。
ペレットクーラ５は高温状態にある粉粒状の固形化物を収納するホッパの外周に冷却水が流通する冷却管を設ける等の適宜な構造を採用することができる。
ペレットクーラ５はサイクロン型収納装置５１と連通している。
このサイクロン型収納装置５１は遠心分離作用によって粉粒状の固形化物を効率よく収納するものであり、ペレットクーラ５で冷却された固形化物はサイクロン型収納装置５１で一時的にストックされた後、コンパウンド搬送キャリア５２に収納される。
【００２４】
成形装置６は、コンパウンド搬送キャリア５２で収納された固形化物を溶融状態にして押し出す押出機６０と、この押出機６０で押し出された溶融物を所定形状に成型して木質様成形品とするための金型装置６１と、この金型装置６１で成型された木質様成形品を引き取る引取機６２と、この引取機６２で引き取られた木質様成形品を所定の寸法に切断する切断装置６３とを備えている。
押出機６０は、ホッパ６０Ａから投入された固形化物を図示しない加熱シリンダで溶融させるとともに、図示しないスクリューで溶融物を押し出すものである。押出機６０における成形温度は１８０〜２２０℃である。成形温度が２２０℃を越えると溶融物が高熱で炭化等の変化を起こすことがある。成形温度が１８０℃未満では固形化物の軟化が不十分で均等に混練されない。
金型装置６１は、その先端が加熱されており、基端側が冷却されている。金型装置６１に押し出された溶融材料が冷却固化することで、木質様成形品となる。切断装置６３は、図示しないカッター等で木質様成形品を所定寸法に切断する構造である。
【００２５】
切断装置６３に隣接して図示しない表面加工装置が配置されている。この表面加工装置は木質様成形品の表面にエンボス加工を施すエンボス加工機と、エンボス加工が施された木質様成形品の表面にサンディングペーパ等でひっかき傷を形成するヘアライン加工機とを備えている。
エンボス加工機は、回転軸と、その回転軸の軸回りに回転可能な円筒状のエンボスロータとを備えており、木質様成形品の表面に多数の溝を形成する。
表面加工装置に隣接して、木質様成形品の表面の塗料を塗布して着色する着色装置（図示せず）が配置され、この着色装置に隣接して塗料を乾燥させる乾燥装置（図示せず）が配置されている。
【００２６】
従って、本実施形態によれば、次の作用効果を奏することができる。
（１）セルロース系微粉粒と熱可塑性樹脂とから粉粒状の固形化物を形成するペレット製造装置４を、セルロース系微粉粒とポリ塩化ビニルやポリプロピレン等の熱可塑性樹脂とを混練溶融して混合材料とする混練部４２Ａ，４３Ａと、この混合材料を押し出す押出部４２Ｂと、押し出された混合材料をペレット状に切断する切断手段４０Ａとを備え、これらの混練、押出及び切断を一台の装置で行う構成としたので、混練工程の直後に押出工程並びに切断工程が行えることになり、一連の作業工程が短縮化されて施工期間を短縮することができる。
【００２７】
（２）ペレット製造装置４に供給されるセルロース系微粉粒と熱可塑性樹脂とを予め混ぜるプレミックス装置３を備えたから、ペレット製造装置４に供給される材料がある程度混練された状態となり、ペレット製造装置４での混練作業が不十分となることを防止でき、これにより、成形装置６で成形される木質様成形品の品質が向上する。
【００２８】
（３）ペレット製造装置４は、一端が投入口に開口され他端が押出口に開口された材料成形路４１が本体４０に形成され、この材料成形路４１内において互いに平行に２本のスクリュー４２，４３が配置され、これらのスクリュー４２，４３の一方が他方に比べて押出口側が長く形成されているので、スクリュー４２，４３の互いに対向した長さが同じ部分が主に材料を混練する混練機能を有し、かつ、一方のスクリュー４２の、他方のスクリュー４３より長い部分４２Ｂが主に材料を押し出す押出機能を有することになるため、当該長い部分４２Ｂでの押出工程では材料の過熱を抑えることができる。そのため、押出工程における熱の発生を抑えることができ、ペレット製造装置４で製造される材料が過熱されることに伴う品質不良を防止することができる。
【００２９】
（４）ペレット製造装置４は、材料成形路４１内の空気を放出する脱気手段４４を備えたから、材料成形路４１内が過熱することを防止できるので、この点からも、混合材料の過熱を防止して材料の品質を向上することができる。
（５）脱気手段４４として、押出部４２Ｂに対向して設けられる真空脱気ベント４４Ｂを備えて構成したから、材料成形路４１内の過熱を抑えて押出工程における適温押出が可能となる。
【００３０】
（６）ペレット製造装置４で製造された粉粒状の固形化物を冷却するペレットクーラ５を備えたから、ペレットクーラ５によってペレット製造装置４で製造された粉粒状の固形化物を自然冷却に比べて短時間で冷却することができる。そのため、次の工程である成形装置６での成形工程に短時間に移行することができ、成形時間をより短縮することができる。
（７）混練部４２Ａ，４３Ａは異形形状の高速ロータ混練部４７Ｂを有し、この高速ロータ混練部４７Ｂは、ピッチが螺旋部４７Ａのピッチより大きく、その断面が楕円形状とされているため、材料の高速での混練が行える。そのため、ペレット製造装置４での材料混練工程の作業時間が短縮化されて木質様成形品の施工期間がこの点からも短くなる。
（８）木材受入装置１は、木質廃材を受け入れる構成としたので、住宅等の建物を解体した際に排出される木質廃材、その他の木質廃材を受け入れてセルロース系微粉粒を製造するため、資源をリサイクルすることで、資源の有効活用を図ることができる。
（９）樹脂受入装置２は、樹脂廃材を受け入れる構成としたので、この点からも、資源をリサイクルすることになり、資源の有効活用を図ることができる。
【００３１】
なお、本発明は前述の実施形態の形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の目的を達成できる範囲での変形、改良等は、本発明に含まれるものである。
例えば、前記実施形態では、セルロース系微粉粒と熱可塑性樹脂とを予め混ぜるプレミックス装置３を備えた構成としたが、本発明では、プレミックス装置３を省略する構成としてもよい。プレミックス装置３を省略するにあたり、セルロース系微粉粒と熱可塑性樹脂とを手で攪拌するものでもよい。
ペレットクーラ５で冷却された固形化物をサイクロン型収納装置５１で一時的にストックする構成としたが、本発明では、サイクロン型収納装置５１に代えて通常のタンクを利用してもよい。
【００３２】
さらに、本発明では、スクリューの数は２本に限定されるものではなく、３本、４本、それ以上の複数であってもよい。
セルロース系微粉粒を木質廃材から得られるものとしたが、これに限らず、木材、バカス、稲藁等の天然素材を粉砕することで得られるものを利用してもよい。
本発明では、必要に応じて攪拌部４２Ｂ付近の本体４０を冷却してもよい。例えば、本体４０の攪拌部４２Ｂ付近に冷却水が流通する冷却管を設けるものであってもよい。
【００３３】
【発明の効果】
以上に述べたように、本発明によれば、次のような効果がある。
請求項１に記載の本発明によれば、木材を受け入れてセルロース系微粉粒を製造する木材受入装置と、熱可塑性樹脂を受け入れる樹脂受入装置と、前記セルロース系微粉粒と前記熱可塑性樹脂とから粉粒状の固形化物を形成するペレット製造装置と、このペレット製造装置で製造された粉粒状の固形化物を所定形状に成形する成形装置とを備え、前記ペレット製造装置は、前記セルロース系微粉粒と前記熱可塑性樹脂とを混練溶融して混合材料とする混練機能と、この混合材料を押し出す押出機能と、押し出された混合材料をペレット状に切断する切断機能とを有するから、ペレット製造装置で行なわれる固定化物の形成に際して、セルロース系微粉粒と熱可塑性樹脂とを混練溶融して混合材料とする混練工程と、この混合材料を押し出す押出工程と、押し出された混合材料をペレット状に切断する切断工程とが同一の装置で行われるので、混練工程の直後に押出工程、さらには、切断工程が行われて施工期間を短縮することができる。
しかも、請求項１に記載の本発明によれば、ペレット製造装置は、一端が投入口に開口され他端が押出口に開口された材料成形路と、この材料成形路内において互いに平行に配置される少なくとも２本のスクリューとを備え、これらのスクリューの１本は他のスクリューに比べて前記押出口側が長く形成されているので、混練工程において材料に熱が発生しても、複数本のスクリューのうち１本が他のスクリューに比べて押出口側において長く形成されているため、この１本のスクリューの他のスクリューより長い部分が材料を押し出す押出機能を有することになり、押出口側での材料の過熱を抑えることができる。そのため、押出工程における熱の発生を抑えることで、混合材料の品質を良好なものにできる。
【００３４】
請求項２に記載の本発明によれば、ペレット製造装置に供給されるセルロース系微粉粒と熱可塑性樹脂とを予め混ぜるプレミックス装置を備えたので、プレミックス装置によりセルロース系微粉粒と熱可塑性樹脂とを予め混ぜることで、ペレット製造装置に供給される材料がある程度混練された状態となり、ペレット製造装置での混練作業が不十分となることを防止できる。そのため、材料の混練が十分に行なわれることで、成形装置で成形される木質様成形品の品質が向上する。
【００３６】
請求項３に記載の本発明によれば、ペレット製造装置は、材料成形路内の空気を放出する脱気手段を備えたから、材料成形路内の空気を脱気手段で外部に放出することで、材料成形路内が過熱することを防止できる。そのため、混練及び押出工程における熱の発生を抑えることができる。
【００３７】
請求項４に記載の本発明によれば、ペレット製造装置で製造された粉粒状の固形化物を冷却するペレットクーラを備えたので、ペレット製造装置で製造された粉粒状の固形化物を自然冷却に比べて短時間で冷却することができるので、次の工程である成形装置での成形工程に短時間に移行することができる。そのため、成形時間をこの点からも短縮することができる。
【００３８】
請求項５に記載の本発明によれば、前記木材受入装置は、木質廃材を受け入れる構成であるとしたので、廃材をリサイクルして資源を有効活用することができる。
請求項６に記載の本発明によれば、前記樹脂受入装置は、樹脂廃材を受け入れる構成としたので、この点からも、資源をリサイクルして資源の有効活用を図ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施形態にかかる木質様成形品製造装置を示す概略構成図である。
【図２】ペレット製造装置の概略を示す断面図である。
【図３】図２中III-III線に沿った矢視断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 木材受入装置
２ 樹脂受入装置
３ プレミックス装置
４ ペレット製造装置
５ ペレットクーラ
６ 成形装置
４０ 本体
４０Ａ 切断手段
４１ 材料成形路
４２，４３ スクリュー
４２Ａ，４３Ａ 混練部
４２Ｂ 押出部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a wood-like molded product manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a wood-like molded product containing cellulose-based fine particles obtained from wood and a thermoplastic resin.
[0002]
[Background]
Recently, wood-like molded products have been used as interior parts of houses, such as edges, skirting boards, stair railings, stair treads, sash frames, furniture, tables, and counters.
This wood-like molded product is produced by kneading and melting resin into cellulosic fine particles obtained by pulverizing natural wood, sawdust, etc., and molding the pellet into a predetermined shape with a molding device. It is formed.
[0003]
Here, as a technique for manufacturing pellets, a resin pellet manufacturing technique used when manufacturing an injection molded product made of synthetic resin used as an interior part for an automobile interior is known (Patent Document 1).
The technique of this patent document 1 mixes a thermoplastic resin and a reinforcing filler, then supplies the mixed material to an extrusion molding machine, kneads the thermoplastic resin and the reinforcing filler, and extrudes it as a rod-shaped resin material through a die. Protein powder is adhered to the surface of the extruded rod-shaped resin material, and after cooling this in a cooling tank, resin pellets having an appropriate particle size are produced.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-183028 (Claims and FIG. 1)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in Patent Document 1, many devices such as a device that mixes a thermoplastic resin and a reinforcing filler, a device that extrudes a mixed material to form a rod, a device that cools a rod-shaped member, a device that cuts the cooled material, etc. Need.
In order to manufacture a wood-like molded product, an apparatus for performing many work processes is separately required, and therefore the construction period is long.
Thus, an apparatus that can shorten the construction period has been desired.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide a wood-like molded product manufacturing apparatus that can shorten the construction period.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  Therefore, the woody molded article manufacturing apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. A wood receiving apparatus 1 that receives wood and produces cellulosic fine particles, a resin receiving apparatus 2 that receives a thermoplastic resin, A pellet manufacturing apparatus 4 for forming a granular solidified product from the cellulose fine particles and the thermoplastic resin; and a molding apparatus 6 for forming the granular solidified product manufactured by the pellet manufacturing apparatus 4 into a predetermined shape; The pellet manufacturing apparatus 4 includes a kneading function for kneading and melting the cellulose fine particles and the thermoplastic resin to form a mixed material, an extruding function for extruding the mixed material, and a pellet of the extruded mixed material. Cutting function to cutAnd a material molding path 41 having one end opened at the inlet and the other end opened at the extrusion port, and at least two screws 42 and 43 arranged in parallel with each other in the material molding path, One of these screws has a longer extrusion port side than other screws.It is characterized by that.
[0008]
  In the invention of this configuration, first, the cellulosic fine particles produced by the wood receiving device 1 and the thermoplastic resin received by the resin receiving device 2 are charged into the pellet production device 4 to form a granular solidified product. Next, the powdered solid product manufactured by the pellet manufacturing apparatus 4 is formed into a predetermined shape by the molding apparatus.
  When forming the immobilization product performed in the pellet manufacturing apparatus 4, a kneading step of kneading and melting cellulose fine particles and a thermoplastic resin to form a mixed material, an extrusion step of extruding the mixed material, and an extruded mixed material Since the cutting process for cutting into pellets is performed by the same apparatus, the construction period can be shortened by performing the extrusion process and further the cutting process immediately after the kneading process.
  Moreover, in the invention of this configuration, the plurality of screws 42 and 43 in the material forming path 41 have a kneading function and an extrusion function for extruding the material to the extrusion port while kneading the material. In the material kneading step, heat due to friction or the like is generated in the material. In the present invention, one of the plurality of screws is formed longer on the extrusion port side than the other screws. Therefore, a portion longer than the other screw of this one screw has only a function of extruding the material uniaxially.
Therefore, since overheating of the material at the extrusion port side can be suppressed, it is possible to prevent quality defects caused by overheating of the material manufactured by the pellet manufacturing apparatus 4.
[0009]
Here, in this invention, the structure provided with the premix apparatus 3 which mixes the said cellulose type fine particle supplied to the said pellet manufacturing apparatus 4 and the said thermoplastic resin previously is preferable.
In the invention of this configuration, the cellulose-based fine particles and the thermoplastic resin are preliminarily mixed by the premix device 3 so that the material supplied to the pellet manufacturing device 4 is kneaded to some extent. It is possible to prevent the work from becoming insufficient.
Therefore, when the materials are sufficiently kneaded, the quality of the wood-like molded product molded by the molding apparatus is improved.
[0012]
Furthermore, it is preferable that the pellet manufacturing apparatus 4 includes a deaeration unit 44 that discharges air in the material forming path 41.
In the invention of this configuration, since the air heated in the material forming path 41 is discharged to the outside by the deaeration means 44, the material forming path 41 can be prevented from being overheated. Generation of unnecessary heat in the extrusion process can be suppressed.
[0013]
Moreover, in this invention, the structure provided with the pellet cooler 5 which cools the powdery solidified material manufactured with the said pellet manufacturing apparatus is preferable.
In the invention of this configuration, the powdered solidified product produced by the pellet production device 4 by the pellet cooler 5 can be cooled in a short time compared to natural cooling, so the molding step in the molding device which is the next step Can be transferred in a short time. Therefore, the molding time can be shortened from this point.
[0014]
Furthermore, in the present invention, the wood receiving device 1 is preferably configured to receive wood waste.
In the invention of this configuration, in order to produce cellulose-based fine particles by accepting wooden waste materials that are discharged when dismantling buildings such as houses, wooden waste materials that are discharged when dismantling furniture, and other wooden waste materials, Recycling can effectively use resources.
In the present invention, the resin receiving device 2 is preferably configured to receive a resin waste material.
In the invention of this configuration, since resin waste materials such as agricultural vinyl and automobile bumpers are received, resources are recycled, and effective utilization of resources can be achieved.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of the present embodiment.
In FIG. 1, the woody molded product manufacturing apparatus of the present embodiment includes a wood receiving apparatus 1 that receives wood and manufactures cellulosic fine particles, a resin receiving apparatus 2 that receives a thermoplastic resin, cellulosic fine particles, and heat. A premixing device 3 for premixing the plastic resin, a pellet manufacturing device 4 for forming a granular solid from the cellulose-based fine particles and the thermoplastic resin mixed in the premixing device 3, and the pellet manufacturing device 4 The pellet cooler 5 that cools the powdery solidified product manufactured in step 1 and the molding device 6 that molds the solidified product cooled by the pellet cooler 5 into a predetermined shape are provided.
[0016]
The wood receiving device 1 includes a waste wood crusher 10, a wood piece storage tank 11 for storing wood pieces crushed by the waste wood crusher 10, and metal removal for removing metal from the wood pieces stored in the wood piece storage tank 11. An apparatus 12, a primary pulverizer 13 for roughly pulverizing a piece of wood from which metal has been removed by the metal removing apparatus 12, a wood powder primary storage tank 14 for storing the wood powder crushed by the primary pulverizer 13, and a wood powder A secondary pulverizer 15 that finely pulverizes the wood powder stored in the primary storage tank 14 to produce cellulosic fine particles, and a wood powder secondary storage that stores the cellulosic fine particles produced by the secondary pulverizer 15 A tank 16 and a wood powder measuring tank 17 for measuring the cellulosic fine powder flow stored in the wood powder secondary storage tank 16 are provided.
Examples of timber accepted by the timber receiving apparatus 1 include wood waste materials that are discharged when a building such as a house is dismantled, wood waste materials that are discharged when a furniture is dismantled, and ends of wood that are discharged during building construction. Wood waste such as wood and sawdust.
[0017]
The waste wood crusher 10 crushes waste wood mixed with metal and other impurities. The crushed waste wood is temporarily stocked in a piece storage tank 11 and then a metal removal device 12. Sent to.
The metal removing device 12 includes a wood piece conveying device 120 that conveys the wood pieces discharged from the wood piece storage tank 11, a iron removing machine 121 that removes iron from the wood pieces conveyed by the wood piece conveying device 120, and the iron has been removed. A stainless steel sorter 122 that sorts stainless steel from waste wood and a non-ferrous sorter 123 that sorts non-ferrous metals are provided.
A sieving machine 18 is provided between the wood powder secondary storage tank 16 and the wood powder measuring tank 17, and the sieving machine 18 is pulverized by the secondary pulverizer 15 and stored in the wood powder secondary storage tank 16. When the wood powder is a predetermined fineness, it is sent to the wood powder measuring tank 17 and when it is not a predetermined fineness, it is sent to the wood powder primary storage tank 14.
[0018]
The resin receiving device 2 receives an appropriate thermoplastic resin, for example, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polypropylene (PP), and includes a PVC measuring tank 20 for measuring polyvinyl chloride, and a PP for measuring polypropylene. A measuring tank 21 is provided.
Each of these tanks 20 and 21 includes a hopper 22 for charging resin from a raw material charging device (not shown).
In the present embodiment, examples of suitable thermoplastic resins include polyethylene, foamed vinyl chloride, polystyrene, ABS and the like in addition to polyvinyl chloride and polypropylene. These thermoplastic resins may be newly produced resins, but may be resin waste materials, for example, resin waste materials obtained from food containers and packaging including food and drinks, trays and the like. As this resin waste material, you may use what obtained the polypropyne (PP) tray of a factory waste, the bumper of an automobile, the vinyl for agriculture, etc. from an intermediate processing company, and use this waste material as a raw material after making it into flakes.
[0019]
The premix device 3 includes a wood powder resin hopper 30 for storing cellulose-based fine particles measured in the wood powder measurement tank 17, and polyvinyl chloride and polypropylene measured in the PVC measurement tank 20 and the PP measurement tank 21, respectively. , Secondary material receiving tanks 32 to 35 for receiving secondary materials for mixing with polyvinyl chloride and polypropylene, secondary material hoppers 36 and 37 for storing the secondary materials received in these secondary material receiving tanks 32 to 35, and wood And a premixer 38 for mixing the cellulosic fine particles, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, and the auxiliary material received by the powder resin hopper 30 and the auxiliary material hoppers 36 and 67.
Examples of the auxiliary material received in the auxiliary material receiving tanks 32 to 35 include a reinforcing agent for polyvinyl chloride, a reinforcing agent for polypropylene, an inorganic pigment, and other additives. The reinforcing agent and the inorganic pigment are applied to the cellulosic fine particles.
The premixer 38 is a state in which cellulosic fine particles, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, and additives are roughly mixed, and includes a suitable stirring means such as a screw.
In the present embodiment, resin waste materials, wood waste materials, and other materials may be set to a predetermined ratio, for example, resin waste materials may be 25 to 30%, wood waste materials may be 51 to 55%, and others may be 20% or less.
[0020]
A specific configuration of the pellet manufacturing apparatus 4 is shown in FIGS.
2 is a cross-sectional view showing an outline of the pellet manufacturing apparatus 4, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG.
In FIG. 2, the pellet manufacturing apparatus 4 includes a main body 40, a material forming path 41 formed so as to extend substantially linearly in the main body 40, and two screws arranged in parallel in the material forming path 41. 42, 43, a deaeration means 44 for releasing the air in the material forming path 41, a flow rate adjusting valve 45 provided in the main body 40, and a cutting means 40A provided on the downstream side of the material forming path 41. ing.
One end of the material forming path 41 is opened as an input port 41A and the other end is opened as an extrusion port 41B. A hopper 46 is provided above the input port 41A. The hopper 46 stores the material kneaded by the premixer 38.
[0021]
Each of the two screws 42 and 43 includes kneading portions 42A and 43A that knead and melt the cellulose fine particles and the thermoplastic resin to obtain a mixed material. The kneading portions 42A and 43A have a predetermined pitch. The spiral portions 47A and the irregularly shaped high-speed rotor kneading portions 47B are alternately arranged and rotate in opposite directions. The rotation speed of these screws 42 and 43 is appropriately set (for example, 300 rpm). In this embodiment, the kneading parts 42A and 42B function as a kneading function.
The high-speed rotor kneading part 47B has a pitch larger than the pitch of the spiral part 47A, and its cross section is elliptical (see FIG. 3).
As shown in FIG. 2, one screw 42 is formed longer on the extrusion port side than the other screw 43.
A long portion of the screw 42 with respect to the screw 43 is an extruding portion 42B, and this extruding portion 42B functions as an extruding function for extruding the material kneaded by the kneading portions 42A and 43A in a single axis toward the extrusion port 41B.
[0022]
The flow rate adjusting valve 45 is for adjusting the flow rate in the vicinity of the stirring unit 42B.
The deaeration means 44 discharges air in the material forming path 41 to the outside, and an open vent 44A provided facing the kneading parts 42A and 43A and a vacuum deaeration vent provided facing the stirring part 42B. 44B.
The cutting means 40A functions as a cutting function for cutting the material extruded by the extruding portion 42B into pellets of a predetermined size, and moves along a mesh (not shown) disposed in the extrusion port 41B and the plane of the mesh. And a cutter. Here, the mesh cuts the kneaded material extruded into a cylindrical shape along the axial direction, and the cutter cuts the kneaded material into a predetermined length.
[0023]
In FIG. 1, the pellet cooler 5 is connected to the extrusion port 41 </ b> B of the pellet manufacturing apparatus 4, and the powdered solidified product having a predetermined temperature (for example, 150 ° C.) manufactured by the pellet manufacturing apparatus 4 is reduced to a low temperature (for example, It cools until it becomes 50 to 60 degreeC.
The pellet cooler 5 can employ an appropriate structure such as providing a cooling pipe through which cooling water circulates on the outer periphery of a hopper that stores a granular solid material in a high temperature state.
The pellet cooler 5 communicates with the cyclone storage device 51.
The cyclone type storage device 51 efficiently stores a powdery solidified product by centrifugal separation. The solidified product cooled by the pellet cooler 5 is temporarily stocked by the cyclone type storage device 51 and then compounded. It is stored in the transport carrier 52.
[0024]
The molding apparatus 6 is configured to form a wood-like molded product by molding the solidified material stored in the compound carrier 52 in a molten state and extruding the extruded product 60 into a predetermined shape. A mold device 61, a take-up machine 62 for taking a wood-like molded product molded by the mold device 61, and a cutting device 63 for cutting the wood-like molded product taken by the take-up machine 62 into a predetermined dimension; It has.
The extruder 60 melts the solidified material charged from the hopper 60A with a heating cylinder (not shown) and extrudes the molten material with a screw (not shown). The molding temperature in the extruder 60 is 180 to 220 ° C. When the molding temperature exceeds 220 ° C., the melt may change due to high heat such as carbonization. When the molding temperature is less than 180 ° C., the solidified product is insufficiently softened and is not uniformly kneaded.
The tip of the mold device 61 is heated, and the base end side is cooled. The molten material pushed out to the mold device 61 is cooled and solidified to form a wood-like molded product. The cutting device 63 has a structure for cutting the wood-like molded product into a predetermined dimension with a cutter or the like (not shown).
[0025]
A surface processing device (not shown) is disposed adjacent to the cutting device 63. This surface processing apparatus includes an embossing machine for embossing the surface of a wood-like molded product, and a hairline processing machine for forming scratches on the surface of the embossed wood-like molded product with sanding paper or the like. Yes.
The embossing machine includes a rotating shaft and a cylindrical embossing rotor that can rotate about the axis of the rotating shaft, and forms a large number of grooves on the surface of the wood-like molded product.
A coloring device (not shown) for applying and coloring paint on the surface of the wood-like molded product is disposed adjacent to the surface processing device, and a drying device (not shown) for drying the paint is adjacent to the coloring device. ) Is arranged.
[0026]
Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the following operational effects can be achieved.
(1) A pellet manufacturing apparatus 4 that forms a powdery solidified product from cellulose fine particles and a thermoplastic resin, kneaded and melted the cellulose fine particles and a thermoplastic resin such as polyvinyl chloride or polypropylene, and mixed material Kneading sections 42A and 43A, an extruding section 42B for extruding the mixed material, and a cutting means 40A for cutting the extruded mixed material into pellets, and kneading, extruding and cutting with a single device. Since it was set as the structure to perform, an extrusion process and a cutting process can be performed immediately after a kneading | mixing process, a series of work processes can be shortened and a construction period can be shortened.
[0027]
(2) Since the premix device 3 for premixing the cellulose fine particles supplied to the pellet manufacturing apparatus 4 and the thermoplastic resin is provided, the material supplied to the pellet manufacturing apparatus 4 is in a state of being kneaded to some extent, and the pellet manufacturing It is possible to prevent the kneading operation in the apparatus 4 from becoming insufficient, thereby improving the quality of the wood-like molded product molded by the molding apparatus 6.
[0028]
(3) In the pellet manufacturing apparatus 4, a material forming path 41 having one end opened at the inlet and the other end opened at the extrusion opening is formed in the main body 40, and two screws are parallel to each other in the material forming path 41. 42 and 43 are disposed, and one of these screws 42 and 43 is formed longer on the extrusion port side than the other, so that the portions of the screws 42 and 43 having the same length facing each other mainly knead the material. Since the portion 42B of the one screw 42 longer than the other screw 43 has an extruding function mainly for extruding the material, in the extruding process at the long portion 42B, the material is overheated. Can be suppressed. Therefore, generation | occurrence | production of the heat | fever in an extrusion process can be suppressed and the quality defect accompanying the material manufactured with the pellet manufacturing apparatus 4 overheating can be prevented.
[0029]
(4) Since the pellet manufacturing apparatus 4 includes the deaeration means 44 that discharges the air in the material forming path 41, the inside of the material forming path 41 can be prevented from being overheated. Can improve the quality of the material.
(5) Since the deaeration means 44 includes the vacuum deaeration vent 44B provided to face the extrusion part 42B, it is possible to perform the appropriate temperature extrusion in the extrusion process while suppressing overheating in the material forming path 41.
[0030]
(6) Since the pellet cooler 5 for cooling the granular solidified product manufactured by the pellet manufacturing apparatus 4 is provided, the granular solidified product manufactured by the pellet manufacturing apparatus 4 by the pellet cooler 5 is shorter than natural cooling. Can cool in time. Therefore, it is possible to shift to the molding process in the molding apparatus 6 which is the next process in a short time, and the molding time can be further shortened.
(7) The kneading parts 42A, 43A have a deformed high-speed rotor kneading part 47B, and the high-speed rotor kneading part 47B has a pitch larger than the pitch of the spiral part 47A and its cross section is elliptical. The materials can be kneaded at high speed. Therefore, the working time of the material kneading process in the pellet manufacturing apparatus 4 is shortened, and the construction period of the wood-like molded product is also shortened from this point.
(8) Since the wood receiving device 1 is configured to receive wood waste materials, the wood receiving device 1 accepts wood waste materials that are discharged when a building such as a house is demolished and other wood waste materials to produce cellulosic fine particles. Recycling can effectively use resources.
(9) Since the resin receiving device 2 is configured to receive the resin waste material, the resources are recycled from this point, and the resources can be effectively used.
[0031]
The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and modifications, improvements, and the like within the scope that can achieve the object of the present invention are included in the present invention.
For example, in the said embodiment, although it was set as the structure provided with the premix apparatus 3 which mixes a cellulose type fine particle and a thermoplastic resin previously, in this invention, it is good also as a structure which abbreviate | omits the premix apparatus 3. FIG. In omitting the premix device 3, the cellulose fine particles and the thermoplastic resin may be stirred by hand.
Although the solidified product cooled by the pellet cooler 5 is temporarily stocked by the cyclone type storage device 51, in the present invention, a normal tank may be used instead of the cyclone type storage device 51.
[0032]
Furthermore, in the present invention, the number of screws is not limited to two, and may be three, four, or more.
Although the cellulose-based fine particles are obtained from the wood waste material, the present invention is not limited to this, and a material obtained by pulverizing natural materials such as wood, bacus, and rice straw may be used.
In the present invention, the main body 40 in the vicinity of the stirring unit 42B may be cooled as necessary. For example, a cooling pipe through which cooling water flows may be provided in the vicinity of the stirring unit 42B of the main body 40.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
  As described above, the present invention has the following effects.
  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a wood receiving device that receives wood and produces cellulosic fine particles, a resin receiving device that receives a thermoplastic resin, the cellulosic fine particles, and the thermoplastic resin. A pellet manufacturing apparatus for forming a granular solidified product, and a molding apparatus for forming the powdered solidified product manufactured by the pellet manufacturing apparatus into a predetermined shape, wherein the pellet manufacturing apparatus includes the cellulose fine particles and Since it has a kneading function for kneading and melting the thermoplastic resin to form a mixed material, an extrusion function for extruding the mixed material, and a cutting function for cutting the extruded mixed material into pellets, it is performed in a pellet manufacturing apparatus. In the formation of an immobilized product, a kneading step of kneading and melting cellulose fine particles and a thermoplastic resin to obtain a mixed material, and an extrusion for extruding the mixed material Since the process and the cutting process of cutting the extruded mixed material into pellets are performed in the same apparatus, the extrusion process may be performed immediately after the kneading process, and further the cutting process may be performed to shorten the construction period. it can.
  Moreover, according to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, the pellet manufacturing apparatus is arranged in parallel with each other in the material forming path having one end opened at the input port and the other end opened at the extrusion port. At least two screws, and one of these screws is formed longer on the extrusion port side than the other screws, so even if heat is generated in the material during the kneading process, Since one of the screws is formed longer on the side of the extrusion port than the other screw, a portion longer than the other screw of this one screw has an extrusion function of extruding material, and the side of the extrusion port Overheating of the material can be suppressed. Therefore, the quality of the mixed material can be improved by suppressing the generation of heat in the extrusion process.
[0034]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the premix device for preliminarily mixing the cellulosic fine particles and the thermoplastic resin supplied to the pellet manufacturing apparatus is provided, the cellulosic fine particles and the thermoplastic resin by the premix device. By mixing the resin in advance, the material supplied to the pellet manufacturing apparatus is kneaded to some extent, and it is possible to prevent the kneading operation in the pellet manufacturing apparatus from becoming insufficient. Therefore, when the materials are sufficiently kneaded, the quality of the wood-like molded product molded by the molding apparatus is improved.
[0036]
  Claim 3According to the present invention described above, the pellet manufacturing apparatus includes the deaeration means for releasing the air in the material forming path. It is possible to prevent the road from overheating. Therefore, heat generation in the kneading and extruding steps can be suppressed.
[0037]
  Claim 4According to the present invention described above, since the pellet cooler that cools the granular solid product manufactured by the pellet manufacturing apparatus is provided, the granular solid product manufactured by the pellet manufacturing apparatus is shorter than natural cooling. Since it can cool in time, it can transfer to the shaping | molding process in the shaping | molding apparatus which is the next process in a short time. Therefore, the molding time can be shortened from this point.
[0038]
  Claim 5According to the present invention described above, since the wood receiving device is configured to receive the wood waste material, the waste material can be recycled to effectively use the resources.
  Claim 6According to the present invention described above, since the resin receiving device is configured to receive the resin waste material, from this point as well, resources can be recycled to effectively use the resources.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a wood-like molded product manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a pellet manufacturing apparatus.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Wood receiving device
2 Resin receiving device
3 Premix equipment
4 Pellet production equipment
5 Pellet cooler
6 Molding equipment
40 body
40A cutting means
41 Material forming path
42,43 screw
42A, 43A kneading section
42B Extrusion section

Claims (6)

木材を受け入れてセルロース系微粉粒を製造する木材受入装置と、熱可塑性樹脂を受け入れる樹脂受入装置と、前記セルロース系微粉粒と前記熱可塑性樹脂とから粉粒状の固形化物を形成するペレット製造装置と、このペレット製造装置で製造された粉粒状の固形化物を所定形状に成形する成形装置とを備え、
前記ペレット製造装置は、前記セルロース系微粉粒と前記熱可塑性樹脂とを混練溶融して混合材料とする混練機能と、この混合材料を押し出す押出機能と、押し出された混合材料をペレット状に切断する切断機能とを有し、かつ、一端が投入口に開口され他端が押出口に開口された材料成形路と、この材料成形路内において互いに平行に配置される少なくとも２本のスクリューとを備え、これらのスクリューの１本は他のスクリューに比べて前記押出口側が長く形成されていることを特徴とする木質様成形品製造装置。A wood receiving device for receiving cellulose and producing cellulose fine particles, a resin receiving device for receiving a thermoplastic resin, and a pellet manufacturing device for forming a powdery solidified product from the cellulose fine particles and the thermoplastic resin; And a molding device that molds the powdered solid product produced by the pellet production device into a predetermined shape,
The pellet manufacturing apparatus includes a kneading function for kneading and melting the cellulose fine particles and the thermoplastic resin to form a mixed material, an extrusion function for extruding the mixed material, and cutting the extruded mixed material into pellets. A material forming path having a cutting function and having one end opened at the inlet and the other end opened at the extrusion port, and at least two screws arranged parallel to each other in the material forming path An apparatus for producing a wood-like molded product, wherein one of these screws has a longer extrusion port side than other screws. 請求項１に記載の木質様成形品製造装置において、
前記ペレット製造装置に供給される前記セルロース系微粉粒と前記熱可塑性樹脂とを予め混ぜるプレミックス装置を備えたことを特徴とする木質様成形品製造装置。In the woody molded article manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1,
An apparatus for producing a wood-like molded product, comprising a premixing device for previously mixing the cellulosic fine particles supplied to the pellet manufacturing apparatus and the thermoplastic resin. 請求項１又は請求項２に記載の木質様成形品製造装置において、
前記ペレット製造装置は、前記材料成形路内の空気を放出する脱気手段を備えたことを特徴とする木質様成形品製造装置。 In the woody molded article manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The pellet manufacturing apparatus includes a degassing unit that discharges air in the material forming path. 請求項１から請求項３のいずれかに記載の木質様成形品製造装置において、
前記ペレット製造装置で製造された粉粒状の固形化物を冷却するペレットクーラを備えたことを特徴とする木質様成形品製造装置。In the wooden-like molded article manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
A wood-like molded product manufacturing apparatus comprising a pellet cooler for cooling a powdery solidified product manufactured by the pellet manufacturing apparatus. 請求項１から請求項４のいずれかに記載の木質様成形品製造装置において、
前記木材受入装置は、木質廃材を受け入れることを特徴とする木質様成形品製造装置。In the wooden-like molded product manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
The wood receiving apparatus is a wood-like molded article manufacturing apparatus characterized by receiving wood waste. 請求項１から請求項５のいずれかに記載の木質様成形品製造装置において、
前記樹脂受入装置は、樹脂廃材を受け入れることを特徴とする木質様成形品製造装置。In the wooden-like molded article manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 ,
The wood-like molded product manufacturing apparatus, wherein the resin receiving device receives a resin waste material.
JP2003018520A 2003-01-28 2003-01-28 Wood-like molded product manufacturing equipment Expired - Fee Related JP4092218B2 (en)

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