CN102581986B - Method for recycling post-industrial recycling waste plastic - Google Patents
Method for recycling post-industrial recycling waste plastic Download PDFInfo
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- CN102581986B CN102581986B CN201210045054.0A CN201210045054A CN102581986B CN 102581986 B CN102581986 B CN 102581986B CN 201210045054 A CN201210045054 A CN 201210045054A CN 102581986 B CN102581986 B CN 102581986B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recycling a post-industrial recycling waste plastic, which is mainly used for recycling wastes such as gate materials, leftover materials, imperfect products and outmoded products in the production machining process of manufacturing a plastic product. The method provided by the invention comprises the following steps of: primary separation of a vibration screen, secondary separation of a metal separator, drying of a hot drier, blending, granulation and post-treatment of a full-engaged homonymous dual-screw extruder. With the adoption of the method disclosed by the invention, the problem of bad properties of a recycled material, caused by the traditional recycling manner, can be better avoided, the process method is compact and complete, and the continuous operation can be realized. The blending and plastification process can be completed by using the full-engaged homonymous dual-screw extruder with small cutting force and high exhaust effects, so that the problem that the waste plastic is easy to degrade during a fusion and plastification process is solved. Therefore, the recycled material product has a very high property retention rate.
Description
Technical field
the circular regeneration that the invention belongs to plastics is recycled field, is specifically related to the recovery method of a kind of plastic processing manufacturer recycling of waste plastics after the industry of manufacturing gate materials, leftover pieces, inferior product and the obsolescent product etc. that produce when plastic products and do not enter terminal consumption market.
Background technology
the regeneration of material and circulation can realize making full use of of resource, reduce the discharge of pollutant, reduce the process cost of end processing, are important directions of Material Field development.For waste plastic, the production that can enter according to plastics or application link, waste plastic is divided into the rear recycled plastic of industry (post-Industrial recycling is called for short PIR) and the rear recycled plastic of consumption (post-Consumer recycling is called for short PCR).Particularly, PIR just refers to those plastics that separate or regain in the solid waste producing from production process, and these plastics never entered consumption market; And PCR refers to the plastics that those have reclaimed from the reject product use value is provided for consumer, by the plastics of post-consumer.For PIR, comprise injection molding sprue material, leftover pieces, inferior product and obsolescent product etc., relatively pure, the reasonable feature of material property that this waste plastic has, is therefore more conducive to recycle.
at present, the recovery way of PIR mainly contains two kinds: (1), direct interpolation utilize, and, by broken, then directly add in processing equipment for product and are mixed together and make new goods with virgin material.This method technique is simple, and cost is lower.But while recovery due to PIR, easily sneak into impurity or because of reasons such as hydrolysis, degradeds, cause the addition can not be too high, should not be for the preparation of to outward appearance, goods that performance requirement is higher.(2), by making to carry out again melting regeneration after PIR fragmentation, and make it with virgin material blending or directly add some and carry out granulation again as auxiliary agents such as antioxidant, antiaging agent, lubricants, then being processed into goods by conventional method.This method rises to some extent compared with first method cost, but can improve to a certain extent the value of PIR.The shortcoming of this method is, due to the complicated component of these waste plastics, adopt the direct processing such as conventional injection moulding extrusion equipment or directly add some well-known auxiliary components, very limited for the performance effect that improves material, can not equally be used for manufacturing the goods that some performance requirements are high with virgin material.
take Merlon (PC resin) as example, Merlon (PC resin) is because good mechanical performance, electrical property and optical property, is widely used in optical material and electric, automobile and building field etc.As other plastics, Merlon and material modified a large amount of uses thereof have inevitably produced a large amount of obsolete materials, goods with consumption metasomite after industry, and it is valuable regenerated resources, can cause serious pollution to environment again.Especially these discarded objects that produce at industrial metasomite; comprise injection molding sprue material, inferior product, out-of-date product etc.; there is the features such as waste material kind is relatively pure, material property is relatively good; so be to economize on resources to the Merlon after industry and material modified Recovery and recycle utilization thereof; preserve the ecological environment; realize the effective ways of sustainable development, there is great economic and social benefit.
as Merlon and material modified non-chemically regeneration method thereof, disclosed patent have to reclaim PC plastic parts by cleaning, cleaning, cooling fragmentation, clean again, dewatered drying, be added into the extrusion molding again such as ABS, lubricant (patent 200910041998.9); In the time reclaiming PC/ABS alloy, add and carry out mixed regeneration granulation (patent 200410027239.4 and patent 200510035815.4) as antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 626, three isopropyl alcohols etc.; In PC recycled plastic part, add polystyrene, polystyrene-maleic anhydride copolymer etc. and manufacture a kind of high transparent and high impact properties polycarbonate regenerated material compound; Add a kind of silicon rubber latex particle with nucleocapsid structure take polymethyl methacrylate as shell, using polysiloxanes as core in extruding pelletization process again and manufacture high-toughness halogen-free flame-retardanting reclaimed polycarbonate compound (patent 200910238118.7 and patent 201010199241.5) as flexibilizer reclaiming Merlon material.
the polycarbonate-based material of recovery of what above patent was involved is all comparatively single variety is as CD broken material, PC/ABS material etc., and recovery process is also all fairly simple, is not suitable for the recovery of the PIR makrolon material of complicated component.Because having kind, the makrolon material of complicated component mixes, contains the features such as inorganic mineral, various additive, other polymer, and these impurity can play a part catalytic oxidation to Merlon, if use conventional two/single screw extrusion machine equipment reclaims, under high enthusiasm condition, be prone to and degrade because of the effect of light, heat and oxygen, cause the fracture of Merlon strand, accelerated ageing, performance significantly declines, and product cannot meet instructions for use.Therefore the Merlon to complicated component like that and material modifiedly carry out Recovery and recycle utilization how, gives full play of its value, is the difficult problem that industry faces.
Summary of the invention
the present invention is intended to overcome in prior art PIR waste plastic because recovery method simply makes it to be not suitable for the goods high for manufacturing property requirement, cause the problem that value is not high, provide a kind of recovery method that can at utmost keep PIR waste plastic serviceability, to improve the value of PIR.
for solving above technical problem, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
after industry, a recovery method for recycling of waste plastics, comprises the steps:
(1), one-level separates: after making described industry, recycling of waste plastic warp is crossed crusher in crushing, then by vibrosieve from, obtain sheet or the block broken material of particle diameter≤10mm;
(2), the second-order separation: send in apparatus for separating metals separating through step (1) broken material obtaining, the metallics containing in broken material is separated;
(3), dry: the broken material after step (2) separates to be sent into air drier and be dried, make the moisture content < 0.02% in broken material;
(4), blend: will join in the full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder with side direction spout through the dry material of step (3), and add other auxiliary agent by side direction spout simultaneously, melt blended with the broken material of melting;
(5), granulation: the compound after step (4) blend passes through tie rod, water-cooled, air-cooled process, then through pelleter pelletizing, from removing powder, obtains granular elementary reclaimed materials through vibrosieve;
(6), post processing: the elementary reclaimed materials after step (5) granulation is sent into air drier and be dried, to moisture content < 0.02%, again through air-cooled, put in storage, pack, obtain the reclaimed materials product of recycling of waste plastics after described industry.
recycling of waste plastics after industry described in the present invention, refer to gate materials, leftover pieces, inferior product and obsolescent product the like waste that plastic processing manufacturer produces in the process of manufacture of manufacture plastic products, they are those plastics that separate or regain in the solid waste producing from production process, and these plastics never entered consumption market.
described one-level separation process, is in order to isolate excessive solid, paper or the some other large solid impurity of particle diameter in PIR broken material, and the fine flour that contains metal fillings, obtains the sheet of particle diameter≤10mm, block broken material.The vibratory sieve that the present invention preferably uses, it is a kind of vibratory sieve with three material memory spaces of two-layer screen cloth, one deck in described two-layer screen cloth is for separating of the blocks of solid impurity that goes out size > 10mm, and another layer is for separating of going out flour; The sheet of described particle diameter≤10mm or block broken material are obtained by the material memory space between two-layer screen cloth.
described the second-order separation process is in PIR broken material, to comprise in order to isolate the metallics that metal fails to separate as the broken material of copper, iron etc. or in one-level separation process.Described apparatus for separating metals is that electricity consumption magnetic strength principle is surveyed metal, and commercially available product comprises channel-type, falling body type and duct type etc., and the present invention preferably uses the falling body type apparatus for separating metals of continued operation.
the dry run of step (3) is the degraded that causes material matrix for fear of the moisture because containing in PIR broken material at Blending Processes.The preferred air drier of the present invention is a kind of air drier with low-speed agitator, molecular sieve hot blast dehumidifier, circulating fan and heater.Low-speed agitator is arranged on the bottom of described air drier, and rotating speed is adjustable within the scope of 0 ~ 50 rev/min; Molecular sieve hot blast dehumidifier is arranged on the top of described air drier, preferably installs two, a normal job, and another is for subsequent use, 3A, 4A or the 5A molecular sieve of silicate or Aluminosilicates for molecular screening.When work, hot blast, in the inner loop of described air drier, enters from bottom, after the dehumidifying of top hot blast dehumidifier, recycles go back to bottom through supplementary heating to the temperature needing, and forms the hot air flow of circulation up and down.Baking temperature is generally 80 ~ 160 ℃, and preferably at 80 ~ 120 ℃, generally the scope of 16 ~ 24 hours, finally make moisture content in broken material be controlled at < 0.02% according to the height of moisture in PIR broken material drying time.
the Blending Processes of step (4), has low-shearing force and high capacity feature and completes with the full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder of side direction spout with a kind of.The full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder of one preferably using has following architectural feature: screw slenderness ratio is between 30 ~ 50, more preferably between 35 ~ 44, and be provided with the low-pressure area that at least one is got rid of for low melting point in the downstream of side direction spout, more preferably two low-pressure areas.
the full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder that the present invention specifically selects, has following structure:
1. this double screw extruder is divided into feeding part, puddle and mixing plasticizing part;
2. screw rod is made up of screw flight element and the kneading member of several screw threads that advance, and kneading member is only distributed in melt zone, mixes fluxing zone, and the total length of kneading member is no more than 30% of screw rod total length, is preferably and is no more than 20% of screw rod total length;
3. be provided with a side direction spout, for adding auxiliary agent, the screw rod at this place is made up of screw flight element;
4. be provided with two low-pressure areas, each low-pressure area arranges an exhaust outlet;
5. first row gas port is positioned at the downstream of side direction spout, is forced exhaust mode, and pressure is between 0.02MPa ~ 0.08MPa;
6. mix and plastify the downstream that is partly positioned at first row gas port, the screw rod at this place is to be also mainly made up of screw flight element;
7. second row gas port is positioned at the downstream of mixing plasticizing part, is natural exhaust mode;
8. head leading portion is provided with the net-changing device that can realize unbroken noodles, and it is a kind of large area double plunger net-changing device, and filter area is 20 times of common one-board draping, is 10 times of common double plunger.In the time of draping, one of them plunger screen changer work, can realize unbroken noodles.This net-changing device is the patented product of Nanjing Chuan Bo plant equipment Co., Ltd.
in addition, in step (4), the auxiliary agent adding comprises heat stabilizer, antioxidant, UV resistant agent, lubricant and toner etc., they are all the commercially available prod that this professional person knows, can correspondingly select according to concrete reclaimed materials, adding of these auxiliary agents is mainly the degradation problem for overcoming material in Blending Processes.
the granulation process of step (5), comprises from melt out of cross-head through tie rod, water-cooled, air-cooled, is cut into cylinder with pelleter, isolates attritive powder finally by crossing vibratory sieve, obtains elementary reclaimed materials.Using vibratory sieve to isolate attritive powder is the stability in order to guarantee to guarantee better process in the time using this reclaimed materials.
due to the enforcement of above technical scheme, the present invention compared with prior art tool has the following advantages:
(1) the present invention is owing to having taken into full account the feature of PIR, be granulated to post processing links and all avoided well the problem of the reclaimed materials performance degradation being brought by traditional way of recycling from pre-treatment, blend, process compactness is complete, can realize serialization operation.
(2) the present invention adopts the full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder with low-shearing force, high exhaust effect to complete blend plasticizing process, has reduced the too high problem that causes polymeric substrate, low melting point degraded of local temperature that PIR waste plastic causes due to high shear force in fusion plastification process.
(3) reclaimed materials product of the present invention has very high property retention rate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
fig. 1 is the simple process schematic diagram of the PIR makrolon material recovery method of embodiment 1;
wherein, the equipment of each Arabic numerals numbering representative is: 1, the first vibratory sieve; 2, PIR material storage tank; 3, the first blower group; 4, apparatus for separating metals; 5, heated-air drying unit; 6, the second blower group; 7, storage tank; 8, weight-loss type automatic feeder; 9, lateral feeding machine; 10, full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw is extruded unit; 11, tank; 12, air-dry machine; 13, pelleter; 14, the second vibratory sieve; 15, drying machine; 16, Air cooler; 17, feed bin; 18, packing unit.
The specific embodiment
with the example that is recovered as of PIR Merlon and modified materials thereof, the present invention will be further described in detail below, but be not limited to these embodiment.Should be understood that these embodiment are only for explanation the inventive method, not in order to limit essence technology contents scope of the present invention; Accompanying drawing 1 is also only used to, for describing better embodiment of the present invention, not represent actual number of devices and detailed flow setting.
as the specific embodiment of the present invention, the concrete removal process of PIR Merlon and modified materials thereof is as follows:
(1), one-level separates: make PIR makrolon material through crusher in crushing, the powder of isolating the excessive solid impurity of particle diameter, paper and containing metal fillings by the first vibratory sieve 1 again, obtain sheet or the block broken material of particle diameter≤10mm, send into continuously in PIR material storage tank 2.
(2), the second-order separation: send in apparatus for separating metals 4 by the first blower group 3 separate the broken material obtaining through step (1), the metallics containing in broken material is separated further.
(3), dry: the broken material after step (2) separates is sent in heated-air drying unit 5 and is dried, and concrete baking temperature is 120 ℃, and 16 hours drying times, sampling records the moisture content < 0.02% in broken material.
(4), blend: will send in storage tank 7 by the second blower group 6 through the dry broken material of step (3), and join the full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw with side direction spout by weight-loss type automatic feeder 8 again and extrude in unit 10, and to add weight by lateral feeding machine 9 be the agent mixture of broken material weight 3% simultaneously, melt blended with the broken material of melting; Described agent mixture is made up of polycarbonate terminal groups deactivator, heat stabilizer, antioxidant, UV resistant agent, lubricant and toner; When blend, the screw speed of described screw extruder is 300 ~ 600 revs/min (being specifically controlled at 400 revs/min of left and right), and barrel zone temperature is controlled at 240 ℃ ~ 280 ℃, and melt temperature is controlled between 240 ℃ ~ 260 ℃; And the pressure of first row gas port is controlled at 0.02 ~ 0.05MPa.
(5), granulation: the compound melt after step (4) blend out passes through tie rod from cross-head; by tank 11 water-cooleds, air-dry machine 12 is air-cooled, then is cut into cylindric through pelleter 13; separate and remove powder finally by the second vibratory sieve 14, obtain granular elementary reclaimed materials.
(6), post processing: the elementary reclaimed materials after step (5) granulation is sent into drying machine 15, by the heated-air dryings of 110 ℃ ~ 120 ℃ 10 hours, to moisture content < 0.02%, then pass through Air cooler 16 air-cooled, send into feed bin 17, pack through packing unit 18, the industry that obtains having high-performance conservation rate recycles the reclaimed materials product of makrolon material afterwards again.
following examples, have contrasted three kinds of typical PIR makrolon materials at the physicochemical property before and after recovery method granulation of the present invention, and result is as shown in table 1.
the PIR makrolon material of embodiment 1 is selected from the material modified mixture (being mainly derived from the manufacturing enterprise of the parts such as electric appliance casing) such as Merlon, polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-butadiene-phenylethene copolymer that contains fire retardant.
the PIR makrolon material of embodiment 2 is selected from the material modified mixture (being mainly derived from the manufacturing enterprise of the parts such as notebook computer casing) such as Merlon, polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-butadiene-phenylethene copolymer that contains fire retardant, mineral filler, glass fibre etc.
the PIR makrolon material of embodiment 3 is selected from the mixture (being mainly derived from the manufacturing enterprise of automobile component) of the modification material of polycarbonate that contains mineral filler, glass fibre, the coat of metal etc.
table 1 PIR makrolon material is in the physicochemical property contrast before and after recovery method granulation of the present invention
as can be seen from the above table, the performance of material does not change substantially, and this explanation is used recovery method of the present invention can make material have very high property retention rate in the time reclaiming PIR makrolon material.
above the present invention is described in detail; its object is to allow the personage who is familiar with this art can understand content of the present invention and be implemented; can not limit the scope of the invention with this; the equivalence that all Spirit Essences according to the present invention are done changes or modifies, and all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a recovery method for recycling of waste plastics after industry, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1), one-level separates: after making described industry, recycling of waste plastic warp is crossed crusher in crushing, again by vibrosieve from, obtain sheet or the block broken material of particle diameter≤10mm, wherein, described vibratory sieve is a kind of vibratory sieve with three material memory spaces of two-layer screen cloth, one deck in described two-layer screen cloth is for separating of the blocks of solid that goes out size > 10mm, and another layer is for separating of going out flour; The sheet of described particle diameter≤10mm or block broken material are obtained by the material memory space between two-layer screen cloth;
(2), the second-order separation: send in apparatus for separating metals separating through step (1) broken material obtaining, the metallics containing in broken material is separated;
(3), dry: the broken material after step (2) separates to be sent into air drier and be dried, make the moisture content < 0.02% in broken material;
(4), blend: will join through the dry material of step (3) in the full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder with side direction spout, and add other auxiliary agent by side direction spout simultaneously, melt blended with the broken material of melting, wherein, described full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder is provided with two low-pressure areas for exhaust in the downstream of side direction spout, and screw slenderness ratio is between 30 ~ 50, and described auxiliary agent comprises heat stabilizer, antioxidant, UV resistant agent, lubricant and toner;
(5), granulation: the compound after step (4) blend passes through tie rod, water-cooled, air-cooled process, then through pelleter pelletizing, from removing powder, obtains granular elementary reclaimed materials through vibrosieve;
(6), post processing: the elementary reclaimed materials after step (5) granulation is sent into air drier and be dried, to moisture content < 0.02%, again through air-cooled, put in storage, pack, obtain the reclaimed materials product of recycling of waste plastics after described industry.
2. according to the recovery method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the bottom of described air drier is provided with rotating speed and is provided with molecular sieve hot blast dehumidifier at low-speed agitator, the top of 0 ~ 50 rev/min; When described air drier work, hot blast enters from the bottom of described air drier, after the dehumidifying of top hot blast dehumidifier, recycles go back to bottom, forms the hot air flow of circulation up and down.
3. industry recycles a recovery method for makrolon material afterwards, it is characterized in that: after utilizing recovery method described in claim 1 to industry, recycle makrolon material and reclaim, detailed process is as follows:
(1), one-level separates: make to recycle makrolon material through crusher in crushing after described industry, then by vibrosieve from, obtain sheet or the block broken material of particle diameter≤10mm;
(2), the second-order separation: send in apparatus for separating metals separating through step (1) broken material obtaining, the metallics containing in broken material is separated;
(3), dry: the broken material after step (2) separates is sent into air drier and be dried, baking temperature is 100 ℃ ~ 160 ℃, makes the moisture content < 0.02% in broken material;
(4), blend: will join through the dry broken material of step (3) in the full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder with side direction spout, and add weight to be 1% ~ 5% agent mixture of broken material weight by side direction spout simultaneously, melt blended with the broken material of melting; Described agent mixture is made up of polycarbonate terminal groups deactivator, heat stabilizer, antioxidant, UV resistant agent, lubricant and toner; When blend, the screw speed of described screw extruder is 300 ~ 600 revs/min, and melt temperature is controlled between 240 ℃ ~ 260 ℃;
(5), granulation: the compound after step (4) blend passes through tie rod, water-cooled, air-cooled process, then through pelleter pelletizing, from removing powder, obtains granular elementary reclaimed materials through vibrosieve;
(6), post processing: the elementary reclaimed materials after step (5) granulation is sent into air drier and be dried, baking temperature is 110 ℃ ~ 120 ℃, to moisture content < 0.02%, again through air-cooled, put in storage, pack, obtain described industry and recycle afterwards the reclaimed materials product of makrolon material.
4. recovery method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in step (3), baking temperature is 120 ℃.
5. recovery method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in step (4), screw speed is 400 revs/min.
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| CN102344769A (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2012-02-08 | 宝应县大明电缆附件有限公司 | Method for producing hot melt adhesive specially used for aluminum sheath of railway data signal cable |
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| CN102581986A (en) | 2012-07-18 |
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