CN102581986A - Method for recycling post-industrial recycling waste plastic - Google Patents
Method for recycling post-industrial recycling waste plastic Download PDFInfo
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- CN102581986A CN102581986A CN2012100450540A CN201210045054A CN102581986A CN 102581986 A CN102581986 A CN 102581986A CN 2012100450540 A CN2012100450540 A CN 2012100450540A CN 201210045054 A CN201210045054 A CN 201210045054A CN 102581986 A CN102581986 A CN 102581986A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recycling a post-industrial recycling waste plastic, which is mainly used for recycling wastes such as gate materials, leftover materials, imperfect products and outmoded products in the production machining process of manufacturing a plastic product. The method provided by the invention comprises the following steps of: primary separation of a vibration screen, secondary separation of a metal separator, drying of a hot drier, blending, granulation and post-treatment of a full-engaged homonymous dual-screw extruder. With the adoption of the method disclosed by the invention, the problem of bad properties of a recycled material, caused by the traditional recycling manner, can be better avoided, the process method is compact and complete, and the continuous operation can be realized. The blending and plastification process can be completed by using the full-engaged homonymous dual-screw extruder with small cutting force and high exhaust effects, so that the problem that the waste plastic is easy to degrade during a fusion and plastification process is solved. Therefore, the recycled material product has a very high property retention rate.
Description
Technical field
The circular regeneration that the invention belongs to plastics is recycled the field, is specifically related to the recovery method that cast gate material, leftover pieces, inferior product and obsolescent product etc. that a kind of plastic processing manufacturer produced when making plastic products do not get into the industry back recycling of waste plastics in terminal consumption market
Background technology
Regeneration of
material and circulation can realize making full use of of resource, reduce the discharging of pollutant, reduce the terminal process cost of handling, and are important directions of field of materials development.For waste plastic; Can be according to production or the applied links that plastics got into; Waste plastic is divided into industry back recycled plastic (post-Industrial recycling is called for short PIR) and consumption back recycled plastic (post-Consumer recycling is called for short PCR).Particularly, PIR just is meant those plastics that separate or regain in the solid waste that from production process, produces, and these plastics never got into the consumption market; And PCR promptly refers to the plastics that those have reclaimed from the reject product after the use value is provided for the consumer, by the plastics of post-consumer.For PIR, comprise injection moulding cast gate material, leftover pieces, inferior product and obsolescent product etc., therefore pure relatively, the reasonable characteristics of material property that this waste plastic has more help recycling.
are present, and the recovery way of PIR mainly contains two kinds: (1), directly add and utilize, and promptly through broken, directly add to then in the goods process equipment to be mixed together and process new goods with virgin material.This method technology is simple, and cost is lower.But be prone to sneak into impurity or when reclaiming, cause the addition can not be too high, should not be used to prepare outward appearance, the higher goods of performance requirement because of reasons such as hydrolysis, degradeds owing to PIR.(2), carry out fusion regeneration after the PIR fragmentation again, and make it with the virgin material blending or directly add some and come granulation again, be processed into goods by conventional method again like auxiliary agents such as anti-oxidant, antiaging agent, lubricants through making.This method rises than the first method cost to some extent, but can improve the value of PIR to a certain extent.The shortcoming of this method is; Because the complicated component of these waste plastics; Adopt directly processing or directly some well-known auxiliary components of interpolation such as conventional injection moulding extrusion equipment; Performance effect for improving material is very limited, can not equally be used for making the high goods of some performance requirements with virgin material.
are example with Merlon (PC resin), and Merlon (PC resin) is because favorable mechanical performance, electrical property and optical property, are widely used in optical material and electric, automobile and building field etc.The same as other plastics, Merlon and material modified a large amount of uses thereof have produced a large amount of obsolete materials, goods with the consumption metasomite inevitably after industry, and it is valuable regenerated resources, can cause serious pollution to environment again.Especially these discarded objects that produce at industrial metasomite; Comprise injection moulding cast gate material, inferior product, out-of-date product etc.; Have characteristics such as the waste material kind is pure relatively, material property is relatively good,, preserve the ecological environment so be to economize on resources to Merlon after the industry and material modified recovery recycling thereof; Realize the effective ways of sustainable development, have great economic and social benefit.
are as Merlon and material modified regeneration method non-chemically thereof; Disclosed patent have to the PC plastic parts that reclaims through cleaning, clean, cooling is broken, clean again, dewatered drying, is added into extrusion moldings again (patent 200910041998.9) such as ABS, lubricant; When reclaiming the PC/ABS alloy, add like antioxidant 1010, anti-oxidant 626, three isopropyl alcohols and wait mixed regeneration granulation (patent 200410027239.4 and patent 200510035815.4); In PC reclaims working of plastics, add polystyrene, the polystyrene-maleic anhydride copolymer waits and makes a kind of high transparent and high impact properties polycarbonate regenerated material compound; Reclaim the Merlon material add in the extruding pelletization process more a kind of be shell with the polymethyl methacrylate, be that the silicon rubber latex particle with nucleocapsid structure of nuclear is made high-toughness halogen-free flame-retardanting reclaimed polycarbonate compound (patent 200910238118.7 and patent 201010199241.5) as flexibilizer with the polysiloxanes.
What
above patent was involved all is the polycarbonate-based material of recovery such as CD broken material, the PC/ABS material etc. of comparatively single variety, and it is also all fairly simple to reclaim technology, is not suitable for the recovery of the PIR makrolon material of complicated component.Because having kind, the makrolon material of complicated component mixes, contains characteristics such as inorganic mineral, various additive, other polymer; And these impurity can play a part catalytic oxidation to Merlon, if use conventional two/single screw extrusion machine equipment to reclaim, under high enthusiasm condition, are prone to because of the effect of light, heat and oxygen and degrade; Cause the fracture of Merlon strand; Accelerated ageing, performance descends significantly, and product can't satisfy instructions for use.Therefore how the Merlon of complicated component like that and material modified being reclaimed recycling, give full play of its value, is the difficult problem that industry faces
Summary of the invention
the present invention is intended to overcome in the prior art PIR waste plastic simply cannot not make it suitablely to be used for the demanding goods of manufacturing property owing to recovery method; Cause the not high problem of value; A kind of recovery method that can at utmost keep PIR waste plastic serviceability is provided, to improve the value of PIR.
For solving above technical problem, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
The recovery method of a kind of industry back recycling of waste plastics comprises the steps:
(1), one-level is separated: make said industry back recycling of waste plastics through crusher in crushing, leave through vibrosieve, obtain sheet or the block broken material of particle diameter≤10mm;
(2), secondary separates: will pass through step (1) and separate the broken material that obtains and send in the apparatus for separating metals, the metallics that contains in the broken material is separated;
(3), drying: will pass through broken material after step (2) is separated and send into air drier and carry out drying, and make moisture mass fraction＜0.02% in the broken material;
(4), blend: the material that will pass through step (3) drying joins in the full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder with side direction spout, and adds other auxiliary agent simultaneously through the side direction spout, and is melt blended with the broken material of fusion;
(5), granulation: through tie rod, water-cooled, air-cooled process,, from removing powder, obtain granular elementary reclaimed materials through vibrosieve again through the pelleter pelletizing through the compound after step (4) blend;
(6), post processing: will pass through elementary reclaimed materials after step (5) granulation and send into air drier and carry out drying; To moisture mass fraction＜0.02%; Again through air-cooled, put in storage, pack, obtain the reclaimed materials product of said industry back recycling of waste plastics.
Industry back recycling of waste plastics described in
the present invention; Refer to cast gate material, leftover pieces, inferior product and obsolescent product the like waste that the plastic processing manufacturer produces in the process of manufacture of making plastic products; They are those plastics that separate or regain in the solid waste that from production process, produces, and these plastics never got into the consumption market.
described one-level separation process; Be in order to isolate excessive solid, paper or the some other big solid impurity of particle diameter in the PIR broken material; And the fine flour that contains metal fillings, obtain the sheet of particle diameter≤10mm, block broken material.The vibratory sieve that the present invention preferably uses is a kind of vibratory sieve with three material memory spaces of two-layer screen cloth, and the one deck in the said two-layer screen cloth is used to isolate the blocks of solid impurity of size＞10mm, and another layer is used to isolate flour; The sheet of said particle diameter≤10mm or block broken material are obtained by the material memory space between the two-layer screen cloth.
described secondary separation process is in order to isolate broken material that comprises metal such as copper, iron etc. in the PIR broken material or the metallics of in the one-level separation process, failing to separate.Said apparatus for separating metals is that electricity consumption magnetic strength principle is surveyed metal, and commercially available product comprises channel-type, falling body type and duct type etc., and the present invention preferably uses the falling body type apparatus for separating metals of continued operation.
The dry run of
step (3) is for fear of the degraded that causes material matrix because of the moisture that contains in the PIR broken material in the blend process.The preferred air drier of the present invention is a kind of air drier that has low-speed agitator, molecular sieve hot blast dehumidifier, circulating fan and heater.Low-speed agitator is arranged on the bottom of said air drier, and rotating speed is adjustable in 0 ~ 50 rev/min of scope; Molecular sieve hot blast dehumidifier is installed in the top of said air drier, preferably installs two, an operate as normal, and another is subsequent use, and molecular screening is with 3A, 4A or the 5A molecular sieve of silicate or Aluminosilicates.During work, hot blast gets into from the bottom in the inner loop of said air drier, after the dehumidifying of top hot blast dehumidifier, recycles go back to the bottom through supplementary heating to the temperature that needs, and forms the hot blast stream of circulation up and down.Baking temperature is generally 80 ~ 160 ℃, preferably at 80 ~ 120 ℃, generally 16 ~ 24 hours scope, make that the moisture mass fraction is controlled in the broken material according to the height of moisture in the PIR broken material at last drying time＜and 0.02%.
The blend process of
step (4) uses a kind of full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder that has low-shearing force and high capacity characteristics and have a side direction spout to accomplish.The preferred a kind of full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder that uses has following architectural feature: screw slenderness ratio is between 30 ~ 50; More preferably between 35 ~ 44; And be provided with at least one in the downstream of side direction spout and be used for the low-pressure area that low melting point is got rid of, more preferably two low-pressure areas.
The full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder that the present invention specifically selects for use has following structure:
1. this double screw extruder is divided into feeding part, puddle and mixing plasticizing part;
2. screw rod is made up of the screw flight element and the kneading member of several screw threads that advance, and kneading member only is distributed in melt zone, mixes fluxing zone, and the total length of kneading member is no more than 30% of screw rod total length, is preferably to be no more than 20% of screw rod total length;
3. be provided with a side direction spout, be used to add auxiliary agent, the screw rod at this place is made up of the screw flight element;
4. be provided with two low-pressure areas, each low-pressure area is provided with an exhaust outlet;
5. first exhaust outlet is positioned at the downstream of side direction spout, is the forced exhaust mode, and pressure is between 0.02MPa ~ 0.08MPa;
6. mix plastifying the downstream that part is positioned at first exhaust outlet, the screw rod at this place mainly also is to be made up of the screw flight element;
7. second exhaust outlet is positioned at the downstream of mixing the plasticizing part, is natural exhaust mode;
8. head leading portion are provided with the net-changing device that can realize unbroken noodles, and it is a kind of large tracts of land double plunger net-changing device, and filter area is 20 times of common one-board draping, are 10 times of common double plunger.One of them plunger net-changing device work can realize unbroken noodles when draping.This net-changing device is the patented product of the Nanjing rich plant equipment Co., Ltd of wound.
in addition; In the step (4); The auxiliary agent that is added comprises heat stabilizer, anti-oxidant, UV resistant agent, lubricant and toner etc.; They all are the commercially available prod that this professional person knows, and can correspondingly select according to concrete reclaimed materials, and the adding of these auxiliary agents mainly is for overcoming the degradation problem of material in the blend process.
The granulation process of
step (5) comprises melt process tie rod, the water-cooled, air-cooled of coming out from cross-head, is cut into cylinder with pelleter, isolates attritive powder through vibratory sieve at last, obtains elementary reclaimed materials.Using vibratory sieve to isolate attritive powder is in order to guarantee when using this reclaimed materials, to guarantee better the stability of process.
Because the enforcement of above technical scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
(1) the present invention is owing to taken into full account the characteristics of PIR; Be granulated to the problem of the reclaimed materials performance degradation that each link of post processing all avoided being brought by traditional way of recycling well from pre-treatment, blend; The process compactness is complete, can realize the serialization operation.
(2) the present invention adopts the full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder with low-shearing force, high exhaust effect to accomplish the blend plasticizing process, has reduced the too high problem that causes polymeric substrate, low melting point degraded of local temperature that the PIR waste plastic causes owing to high shear force in the fusion plastification process.
(3) reclaimed materials product of the present invention has very high property retention rate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the simple and easy schematic flow sheet of the PIR makrolon material recovery method of embodiment 1;
wherein, the equipment of each Arabic numerals numbering representative is: 1, first vibratory sieve; 2, PIR material storage tank; 3, the first blower group; 4, apparatus for separating metals; 5, heated-air drying unit; 6, the second blower group; 7, storage tank; 8, weight-loss type automatic feeder; 9, lateral feeding machine; 10, full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw is extruded unit; 11, tank; 12, air-dry machine; 13, pelleter; 14, second vibratory sieve; 15, drying machine; 16, Air cooler; 17, feed bin; 18, packing unit.
The specific embodiment
With the example that is recovered as of PIR Merlon and modified materials thereof, the present invention is done further detailed explanation, but be not limited to these embodiment below
.Should be understood that these embodiment are merely explanation the inventive method, is not in order to limit essence technology contents scope of the present invention; Accompanying drawing 1 also only is in order to be used for describing better embodiment of the present invention, is not to represent actual number of devices and detailed flow setting.
As the specific embodiment of the present invention, the concrete removal process of PIR Merlon and modified materials thereof is following:
(1), one-level are separated: make the PIR makrolon material through crusher in crushing; The powder of isolating the excessive solid impurity of particle diameter, paper and containing metal fillings through first vibratory sieve 1 again; Obtain sheet or the block broken material of particle diameter≤10mm, send into continuously in the PIR material storage tank 2.
(2), secondary separate: will pass through step (1) and separate the broken material that obtains and send in the apparatus for separating metals 4 through the first blower group 3, the metallics that contains in the broken material is separated further.
(3), drying: will pass through broken material after step (2) is separated and send into and carry out drying in the heated-air drying unit 5; Concrete baking temperature is 120 ℃; 16 hours drying times, sampling records moisture mass fraction＜0.02% in the broken material.
(4), blend: will pass through the dry broken material of step (3) and send in the storage tank 7 through the second blower group 6; And join full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw through weight-loss type automatic feeder 8 again and extrude in the unit 10 with side direction spout; And add the agent mixture that weight is broken material weight 3% simultaneously through lateral feeding machine 9, melt blended with the broken material of fusion; Said agent mixture is made up of polycarbonate terminal groups deactivator, heat stabilizer, anti-oxidant, UV resistant agent, lubricant and toner; During blend, the screw speed of said screw extruder is 300 ~ 600 rev/mins (specifically being controlled at about 400 rev/mins), and barrel zone temperature is controlled at 240 ℃ ~ 280 ℃, and melt temperature is controlled between 240 ℃ ~ 260 ℃; And the pressure of first exhaust outlet is controlled at 0.02 ~ 0.05MPa.
(5), granulation: come out through tie rod from cross-head through the compound melt after step (4) blend; Through tank 11 water-cooleds; Air-dry machine 12 is air-cooled; Be cut into cylindricly again through pelleter 13, remove powder, obtain granular elementary reclaimed materials after second vibratory sieve 14 separates.
(6), post processing: the elementary reclaimed materials that will pass through after step (5) granulation is sent into drying machine 15; With 110 ℃ ~ 120 ℃ heated-air dryings 10 hours; To moisture mass fraction＜0.02%, it is air-cooled to pass through Air cooler 16 then, sends into feed bin 17; Again through the packing of packing unit 18, obtain having the reclaimed materials product of the industry back recirculation makrolon material of high-performance conservation rate.
following examples have contrasted three kinds of typical PIR makrolon materials at the physicochemical property before and after recovery method granulation of the present invention, and the result is as shown in table 1.
The PIR makrolon material of
embodiment 1 is selected from material modified mixtures (being mainly derived from the manufacturing enterprise of parts such as electric appliance casing) such as the Merlon that contains fire retardant, polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-butadiene-phenylethene copolymer.
The PIR makrolon material of
embodiment 2 is selected from material modified mixtures (being mainly derived from the manufacturing enterprise of parts such as notebook computer casing) such as the Merlon that contains fire retardant, mineral filler, glass fibre etc., polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-butadiene-phenylethene copolymer.
PIR makrolon material of embodiment 3 is selected from the mixture (being mainly derived from the manufacturing enterprise of automobile component) of the modification material of polycarbonate that contains mineral filler, glass fibre, the coat of metal etc.
Table 1 PIR makrolon material is in the contrast of the physicochemical property before and after recovery method granulation of the present invention
can be found out from last table, and the performance of material does not have to change basically, and this explanation uses recovery method of the present invention when reclaiming the PIR makrolon material, can make material have very high property retention rate.
More than the present invention has been done detailed description; Its purpose is to let the personage that is familiar with this art can understand content of the present invention and implements; Can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this; All equivalences of doing according to spirit of the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention
Claims (8)
1. the recovery method of industry back recycling of waste plastics is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1), one-level is separated: make said industry back recycling of waste plastics through crusher in crushing, leave through vibrosieve, obtain sheet or the block broken material of particle diameter≤10mm;
(2), secondary separates: will pass through step (1) and separate the broken material that obtains and send in the apparatus for separating metals, the metallics that contains in the broken material is separated;
(3), drying: will pass through broken material after step (2) is separated and send into air drier and carry out drying, and make moisture mass fraction＜0.02% in the broken material;
(4), blend: the material that will pass through step (3) drying joins in the full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder with side direction spout, and adds other auxiliary agent simultaneously through the side direction spout, and is melt blended with the broken material of fusion;
(5), granulation: through tie rod, water-cooled, air-cooled process,, from removing powder, obtain granular elementary reclaimed materials through vibrosieve again through the pelleter pelletizing through the compound after step (4) blend;
(6), post processing: will pass through elementary reclaimed materials after step (5) granulation and send into air drier and carry out drying, to moisture mass fraction＜0.02%, again through air-cooled, put in storage, pack, obtain the reclaimed materials product of said industry back recycling of waste plastics.
2. recovery method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: employed vibratory sieve is a kind of vibratory sieve with three material memory spaces of two-layer screen cloth in the step (1); One deck in the said two-layer screen cloth is used to isolate the blocks of solid of size＞10mm, and another layer is used to isolate flour; The sheet of said particle diameter≤10mm or block broken material are obtained by the material memory space between the two-layer screen cloth.
3. recovery method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the bottom of said air drier is provided with rotating speed and is provided with molecular sieve hot blast dehumidifier at 0 ~ 50 rev/min low-speed agitator, top; When said air drier was worked, hot blast got into from the bottom of said air drier, after the dehumidifying of top hot blast dehumidifier, recycled go back to the bottom, formed the hot blast stream that circulates up and down.
4. recovery method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: employed full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder is provided with two low-pressure areas that are used for exhaust in the step (4) in the downstream of side direction spout, and screw slenderness ratio is between 30 ~ 50.
5. recovery method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the auxiliary agent described in the step (4) comprises heat stabilizer, anti-oxidant, UV resistant agent, lubricant and toner.
6. the recovery method of an industry back recirculation makrolon material, it is characterized in that: the recirculation makrolon material reclaims after utilizing the described recovery method of claim 1 to industry, and detailed process is following:
(1), one-level is separated: make said industry back recirculation makrolon material through crusher in crushing, leave through vibrosieve, obtain sheet or the block broken material of particle diameter≤10mm;
(2), secondary separates: will pass through step (1) and separate the broken material that obtains and send in the apparatus for separating metals, the metallics that contains in the broken material is separated;
(3), drying: will pass through broken material after step (2) is separated and send into air drier and carry out drying, baking temperature is 100 ℃ ~ 160 ℃, makes moisture mass fraction＜0.02% in the broken material;
(4), blend: will pass through the dry broken material of step (3) and join in the full intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder with side direction spout; And add 1% ~ 5% the agent mixture that weight is broken material weight simultaneously through the side direction spout, melt blended with the broken material of fusion; Said agent mixture is made up of polycarbonate terminal groups deactivator, heat stabilizer, anti-oxidant, UV resistant agent, lubricant and toner; During blend, the screw speed of said screw extruder is 300 ~ 600 rev/mins, and melt temperature is controlled between 240 ℃ ~ 260 ℃;
(5), granulation: through tie rod, water-cooled, air-cooled process,, from removing powder, obtain granular elementary reclaimed materials through vibrosieve again through the pelleter pelletizing through the compound after step (4) blend;
(6), post processing: will pass through elementary reclaimed materials after step (5) granulation and send into air drier and carry out drying; Baking temperature is 110 ℃ ~ 120 ℃; To moisture mass fraction＜0.02%; Again through air-cooled, put in storage, pack, obtain the reclaimed materials product of said industry back recirculation makrolon material.
7. recovery method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: in the step (3), baking temperature is 120 ℃.
8. recovery method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: in the step (4), screw speed is 400 rev/mins.
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| CN114474468A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-05-13 | 上海长伟锦磁工程塑料有限公司 | Granulation process for PCR reclaimed material with improved purity |
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