CN111438837A - Method for regenerating and granulating waste EPS cold pressing material and control system - Google Patents
Method for regenerating and granulating waste EPS cold pressing material and control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111438837A CN111438837A CN202010398924.7A CN202010398924A CN111438837A CN 111438837 A CN111438837 A CN 111438837A CN 202010398924 A CN202010398924 A CN 202010398924A CN 111438837 A CN111438837 A CN 111438837A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
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- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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Images
Classifications
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- B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
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- B29B7/02—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type
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- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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- B29C48/655—Screws with two or more threads having three or more threads
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
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- B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
- B29C48/66—Barrier threads, i.e. comprising primary and secondary threads whereby the secondary thread provides clearance to the barrel for material movement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29B13/00—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
- B29B2013/005—Degassing undesirable residual components, e.g. gases, unreacted monomers, from material to be moulded
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29B2017/0272—Magnetic separation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/044—Knives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
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- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
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- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
A control system for regenerating and granulating the cold-pressed waste EPS material is composed of conveying belt I, pulverizer, conveying belt II, homogenizing storage bin, metal separator, screw conveyer, rotary feeder, single-screw extruder, filter I, filter II, vacuum exhaust unit, granulating unit, vibration sieve, finished storage bin and P L C controller.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a control system for waste plastic regeneration granulation, in particular to a method and a control system for waste EPS cold pressing material regeneration granulation.
Background
Since the invention of plastics by human, 83 hundred million tons of plastic products are produced globally, 63 million tons of the products are discarded after being used as waste plastics, wherein only 5.7 million tons of the waste plastics are recycled, and the rest 50 million tons of the waste plastics are discarded in all corners of the world. At present, about 580 million tons of waste EPS cold pressing materials EPS plastics are produced in the world every year, wherein about 180 million tons of waste EPS foam plastics are produced in China every year, and except for a few developed countries, the waste EPS foam plastics in most countries are not effectively recycled and utilized, so that serious resource waste and environmental pollution are caused.
The waste EPS plastic is collected, high-quality regeneration and modification are carried out, and the development of a clean and efficient cascade utilization technology and a high-added-value product are research hotspots of waste plastic recycling technologies at home and abroad, but the waste EPS plastic has the characteristics of wide sources, including ①, unstable material properties, non-EPS resin impurities, ②, various metal and non-metal impurities, ③, various residual additives including foaming agents or flame retardants and the like, ④, high water content, ⑤, irregular shape and large density fluctuation, ⑥, and is easy to degrade after multiple thermal histories, so that the single-screw extruder is large in extrusion fluctuation, high in particle impurities, excessive in moisture during regeneration granulation, low in production efficiency, high in energy consumption, large in raw material loss and high in equipment failure rate.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method and a control system for regenerating and granulating waste EPS cold pressing materials.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for regenerating and granulating waste EPS cold pressing materials is characterized in that a conveying belt I conveys large waste EPS cold pressing materials into a crusher to be crushed into sheets, and the crushed materials fall onto a conveying belt II and are conveyed forwards; after magnetic metals such as iron, manganese steel, cobalt-nickel alloy and the like in the materials are removed by the permanent magnet roller on the conveying belt II, the materials enter a homogenizing silo to be dispersed and mixed; the mixed materials pass through a metal separator when coming out of a discharge screw of a homogenizing silo, and other non-magnetic metals such as stainless steel, copper, aluminum and the like contained in the materials are removed; the materials enter a spiral conveyor and are conveyed into a cavity of a rotating disc type feeding machine through the spiral conveyor, and the materials are fully mixed, preheated, densified, compacted and dried under the high-speed rotation of a rotating cutter disc and are granular; the granular materials are thrown into the single-screw extruder by the rotary cutter head, and are in a melt state after the melting, mixing and exhaust treatment of the single-screw extruder; the melt is pre-filtered through a filter I, large impurities such as paper scraps, wood chips, aluminum foils and the like larger than 500-800 microns in the melt are blocked in front of a filter screen of the filter I, and the impurities are removed every 12-24 hours; the melt after pre-filtration is subjected to precision filtration by a filter II, fine sand, non-PS resin and other impurities with the size of 210-250 mu m-500-800 mu m in the melt are blocked in front of a filter screen of the filter II, and are continuously discharged out of the filter II; the filtered melt passes through a vacuum exhaust device, and residual foaming agent and small molecule volatile matters contained in the material are removed under the action of vacuum pumping; and extruding and molding the discharged melt from a single-screw extruder, cutting the melt into granules by a granulator, dehydrating and drying the granules by a vibrating screen, and then entering a finished product bin for caching.
The external dimension of the waste EPS cold pressing material is not more than 500 × 500 × 1200mm, and the water content is not more than 15%.
The cold pressing material is crushed to be flaky, the external dimension is 10-25 mm, and the bulk specific gravity is 0.15-0.20 kg/dm3。
The time for continuously mixing the materials in the homogenizing silo is 2-3 hours.
The rotating speed of a rotating cutter disc of the rotating disc type feeding machine is 200-400 rpm, the temperature of materials in a cavity of the feeding machine is 50-85 ℃, and the material level height is 20-60 mm.
The material in the cavity of the feeding machine is granular, the external dimension is 2-5 mm, and the bulk specific gravity is 0.3-0.4 kg/dm3The water content is 0.5-3%.
When the temperature of the material in the cavity of the feeding machine exceeds 85 ℃, a water spray valve arranged on the rotary disc type feeding machine is opened to spray water in the cavity of the feeding machine for cooling.
The rotating speed of the single-screw extruder is 90-110 rpm, and the heating temperature of the single-screw extruder barrel is set to be 190-220 ℃.
The heating temperature of the filter I and the filter II is set to be 200-210 ℃, the melt pressure before the filter I is 8-11 MPa, the melt pressure between the filter I and the filter II is 6-8 MPa, and the melt pressure at the rear end of the filter II is 4-6 MPa.
And filtering impurities of the melt by a filter I and a filter II, and vacuumizing and exhausting, wherein the vacuum degree of a vacuum exhaust device is-0.5 to-0.8 MPa.
The control system for regeneration and granulation of the waste EPS cold pressing materials comprises a conveying belt I, a pulverizer, a conveying belt II, a homogenizing bin, a metal separator, a spiral conveyor, a rotary disc type feeding machine, a single-screw extruder, a filter I, a filter II, a vacuum exhaust device, a granulator, a vibrating screen, a finished product bin and a P L C controller, and is characterized in that the conveying belt I is connected with a feeding port of the pulverizer, a feeding end of the conveying belt II is located at the lower portion of a discharging port of the pulverizer, a discharging port of the conveying belt II is connected with a forced feeding screw of the homogenizing bin, a discharging screw of the homogenizing bin is connected with the metal separator, the metal separator is connected with a feeding port of the spiral conveyor, a discharging port of the spiral conveyor is connected with a cavity of the rotary disc type feeding machine, the rotary disc type feeding machine is connected with a feeding section of the single-screw extruder in a tangential manner, the filter I, the filter II and the vacuum exhaust device are sequentially arranged on the single-screw extruder, the rear end of the single-screw extruder is provided with the granulator, the vibrating screen is arranged behind the granulator, the vibrating screen is connected with the finished product bin, and.
The crusher is a heavy crusher with an open rotating shaft.
And a roller above the feed opening of the conveying belt II is a permanent magnet roller, and a slag discharge opening is arranged below the feed opening.
The homogenizing silo consists of a forced feeding screw, a lifting screw and a discharging screw.
The metal separator is a pipeline type electromagnetic induction metal separator.
The rotary disc type feeder is composed of a feeder cavity, a rotary cutter disc, damping fixed cutters, a material level sensor, a temperature sensor and a water spray valve, wherein the rotary cutter disc is spirally distributed by three or more groups, the damping fixed cutters are arranged on the feeder cavity in a check mark shape, the material level sensor is arranged at the top of the feeder cavity, the temperature sensor is arranged at the lower end of the feeder cavity close to the rotary cutter disc, the water spray valve is arranged at the upper end of the feeder cavity, and the temperature sensor controls the opening and closing of the water spray valve by detecting the temperature of materials in the feeder cavity.
The screw length-diameter ratio of single screw extruder be 38, constitute in proper order by feed section, compression section, fillter section, plastify section, vacuum section and extrusion section, the feed section is equidistant deep thread structure, the compression section is equidistant deep screw thread and the groove depth is by the depth-to-depth, the fillter section comprises fluting screw thread and reverse thread, the plastify section comprises equidistant deep screw thread and barrier type screw thread, the vacuum section comprises equidistant deep screw thread and the groove depth is by the depth-to-depth, the extrusion section comprises equidistant deep screw thread.
The filter I is a double-plunger cylindrical surface backwashing filter, the filtering working surface is a double-plunger cylindrical surface, and the filtering area is larger than 1800cm2(ii) a The filter II is a continuous full-automatic rotary filter, the filter working surface is a disc and can continuously clean the surface, and the filter area is more than 1500cm2，(ii) a Pressure sensors are respectively arranged at the front end of the filter I, between the filter I and the filter II and at the rear end of the filter II.
And the vacuum exhaust device is positioned between the filter II and the granulator and is provided with two vacuum exhaust ports.
The granulator is underwater strand cutting or water ring cutting.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has the characteristics of simple process, high production efficiency and better maintenance of the performance of the PS regenerated particles. The yield of the regeneration granulation of the waste EPS cold pressing material is more than three times of that of the conventional method.
The conveying belts are adopted for feeding in front and at the back of the pulverizer, the pulverizer can adapt to waste EPS cold pressing materials of different shapes and sizes, the feeding is stable, and the material blocking is not easy to occur. And the discharge outlet of the conveying belt II adopts a permanent magnet roller, so that magnetic metals such as iron, manganese steel, cobalt-nickel alloy and the like contained in the crushed materials can be removed, and hard metals are prevented from entering subsequent equipment to cause damage or abrasion.
The rotating shaft in the cavity of the heavy pulverizer is open, and the heavy pulverizer has the advantages of large shearing force, low energy consumption and uniform shearing particles.
The waste EPS cold pressing material is from dozens of countries and regions all over the world, and some cold pressing materials come from packing boxes of electrical appliances such as computers, televisions and the like; some are from foam boxes containing fruits, vegetables or seafood, and some are from insulation boards in the building industry; some contain a flame retardant, some contain a residual foaming agent, some contain an anti-aging agent, etc.; the instability of the raw material performance further increases the extrusion fluctuation of the single screw. The homogenizing silo is adopted, so that the effect of caching the pulverized materials is achieved, the pulverized materials can be mixed and homogenized, and the difference of the performances of the same batch of materials is reduced. The crushed material has poor fluidity, a forced feeding screw is arranged at a feeding port of the homogenizing stock bin, and a forced discharging screw is arranged at a discharging port, so that the phenomenon that the single-screw extruder lacks material due to bridging of the material is avoided.
A metal separator is arranged at a feed opening of the homogenizing silo, and the contained non-magnetic metals such as stainless steel, copper, aluminum and the like are removed by utilizing the principle of electromagnetic induction.
After the waste EPS cold pressing material is crushed, the residual moisture content in the material is high, the density is light, the floating is too large, and the feeding is not uniform, so that the yield of regeneration granulation is reduced, the quality of finished product particles is reduced, the abrasion of equipment is increased, and the production efficiency of regeneration granulation is finally reduced. The method utilizes the principles of centrifugal force and mechanical friction heat generation, removes residual water in the crushing of the waste EPS cold pressing material in a mechanical mode, and simultaneously performs defoaming treatment to achieve the effects of densification and drying. Integrates the functions of material mixing, preheating, densification and compaction, drying and feeding. The materials processed by the rotating disc type feeding machine are granulated by a single screw extruder, and the production efficiency can be improved by more than three times.
A small amount of foaming agents such as propane, butane, pentane and the like are remained in the waste EPS cold pressing material, and the waste EPS cold pressing material is easy to degrade after multiple thermal histories. According to the invention, the screw of the single-screw extruder is designed in a sectional manner, and the structures of the feeding section, the compression section, the filtering section, the plasticizing section and the extrusion section are optimized according to the functions of the sections, so that the problems of insufficient elimination of residual foaming agent and excessive degradation of materials in the regeneration granulation process of EPS foam are effectively solved.
Waste EPS cold pressing materials often contain a large amount of fine impurities such as paper scraps, wood chips, aluminum foils, sand and stones, and the like, and when a conventional filter is used, the interval time of screen replacement of a filter screen is short, the operation is frequent, and the filtering effect is not ideal in the regeneration granulation process, so that the production efficiency of the regeneration granulation is further low, the impurity content of polystyrene regeneration particles is large, the application range is limited, and other adverse situations are further caused. The invention adopts two-stage filtration, the double-plunger cylindrical surface backwashing filter has the characteristic of large filtration area, a filter screen with the size of 500-800 mu m is used for coarse filtration, large impurities such as paper scraps, wood chips, aluminum foil and the like in materials are filtered, and the filter screen can be backwashed for one time within 12 hours. The continuous full-automatic rotary filter can realize continuous filtration without shutdown under the condition that the impurity content of the regenerated plastic is 5-10 percent, thereby reducing the shutdown time and ensuring the stable operation of a single-screw main machine; the pressure at the discharge die head of the single-screw extruder is reduced to 3-5MPa, so that the fluctuation of the pressure at the discharge port is reduced, and the extrusion is more stable; and the loss of the materials is greatly reduced, and the loss of the materials due to impurity filtration is reduced from 5% to 1%.
Compared with the conventional dry-type strand cutting machine, the water ring cutting or underwater strand cutting machine has the advantages of high yield, labor saving, no waste generation during automatic connection of broken strips, regular cutting and space saving.
The invention has wide adaptability, is not only suitable for cold pressing of waste EPS, but also suitable for regeneration and granulation of HIPS, ABS, PP, PE, PC and other waste plastics, and can be modified on a rotary feeder under the condition of increasing side feeding for high-quality regeneration and high-efficiency application, thereby further improving the performance and the additional value of regenerated particles. Under the condition of the current plastic product compounding and diversification, the invention can provide a way for recycling the waste plastic to solve the contradiction between reasonable economic scale and flexible equipment configuration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the control system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the control system of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the rotary disc feeder of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a top view of the rotating cutterhead of the rotary disc feeder of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the screw structure of the single screw extruder of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further clearly understood from the specific examples of the present invention given below, but the following examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5, a method for regenerating and granulating waste EPS cold pressing materials, wherein a conveying belt I (1) conveys large waste EPS cold pressing materials into a crusher (2) to be crushed into sheets, and the crushed materials fall onto a conveying belt II (3) and are conveyed forwards; after magnetic metals such as iron, manganese steel, cobalt-nickel alloy and the like in the materials are removed by a permanent magnet roller (32) on the conveying belt II (3), the materials enter a homogenizing silo (4) for dispersing and mixing; the mixed materials pass through a metal separator (5) when coming out of a discharge screw (43) of the homogenizing stock bin (4), and other non-magnetic metals such as stainless steel, copper, aluminum and the like contained in the materials are removed; the materials enter a screw conveyor (6) and are conveyed into a feeder cavity (71) of a rotating disc type feeder (7) through the screw conveyor (6), and the materials are fully mixed, preheated, densified, compacted and dried under the high-speed rotation of a rotating cutter head (72) and are granular; the granular materials are thrown into the single-screw extruder (8) by the rotary cutter head (72), and are in a melt state after the melting, mixing and exhaust treatment of the single-screw extruder (8); the melt is pre-filtered through a filter I (9), large impurities such as paper scraps, wood chips, aluminum foils and the like larger than 500-800 microns in the melt are blocked in front of a filter screen of the filter I (9), and the impurities are removed every 12-24 hours; the melt after pre-filtration is subjected to precision filtration by a filter II (10), fine sand, non-PS resin and other impurities with the size of 210-250 mu m to 500-800 mu m in the melt are blocked in front of a filter screen of the filter II (10), and are continuously discharged out of the filter II (10); the filtered melt passes through a vacuum exhaust device (11), and residual foaming agent and small molecule volatile matters contained in the material are removed under the action of vacuum pumping; and the discharged melt is extruded and molded from a single-screw extruder (8), cut into granules by a granulator (12), dewatered and dried by a vibrating screen (13), and then enters a finished product bin (14) for caching.
The external dimension of the waste EPS cold pressing material is not more than 500 × 500 × 1200mm, and the water content is not more than 15%.
The cold pressing material is crushed to be flaky, the external dimension is 10-25 mm, and the bulk specific gravity is 0.15-0.20 kg/dm3。
The time for continuously mixing the materials in the homogenizing silo (4) is 2-3 h.
The rotating speed of a rotating cutter head (72) of the rotating disc type feeding machine (7) is 200-400 rpm, the temperature of materials in a cavity (71) of the feeding machine is 50-85 ℃, and the material level height is 20-60 mm.
The material in the feeding machine cavity (71) is granular, the external dimension is 2-5 mm, and the bulk specific gravity is 0.3-0.4 kg/dm3The water content is 0.5-3%.
When the temperature of the material in the feeding machine cavity (71) exceeds 85 ℃, a water spray valve (76) arranged on the rotating disc type feeding machine (7) is opened to spray water into the feeding machine cavity (71) for cooling.
The rotating speed of the single-screw extruder (8) is 90-110 rpm, and the heating temperature of the cylinder of the single-screw extruder (8) is set to be 190-220 ℃.
The heating temperature of the filter I (9) and the filter II (10) is set to be 200-210 ℃, the melt pressure in front of the filter I (9) is 8-11 MPa, the melt pressure between the filter I (9) and the filter II (10) is 6-8 MPa, and the melt pressure at the rear end of the filter II (10) is 4-6 MPa.
The melt is filtered by a filter I (9) and a filter II (10) to remove impurities, and then is vacuumized and exhausted, wherein the vacuum degree of a vacuum exhaust device (11) is-0.5 to-0.8 MPa.
The control system for regeneration and granulation of the waste EPS cold pressing materials is composed of a conveying belt I (1), a pulverizer (2), a conveying belt II (3), a homogenizing silo (4), a metal separator (5), a spiral conveyor (6), a rotary disc type feeding machine (7), a single-screw extruder (8), a filter I (9), a filter II (10), a vacuum exhaust device (11), a granulator (12), a vibrating screen (13), a finished product silo (14) and a P L C controller (15), and is characterized in that the conveying belt I (1) is connected with a feeding port (21) of the pulverizer (2), a feeding end (31) of the conveying belt II (3) is located at the lower part of a discharging port (22) of the pulverizer (2), a discharging port (33) of the conveying belt II (3) is connected with a forced screw (41) of the homogenizing silo (4), a discharging screw (43) of the homogenizing silo (4) is connected with the metal separator (5), the metal separator (5) is connected with a rotary disc type conveyor (61), the rotary disc type feeding port (7) of the homogenizing silo (4) is connected with a tangential type feeding screw (13), a single-screw extruder (7) is connected with a tangential-screw extruder (7), a single-screw extruder (7) control device (7) and a tangential-mounted single-screw (7) control device (13) for controlling a single-screw extruder (7) and a tangential-screw (13), and a tangential-mounted single-screw extruder (7) extruder (13) for controlling a tangential extruder.
The crusher (2) is a heavy crusher with an open rotating shaft.
The roller (32) above the feed opening (33) of the conveying belt II (3) is a permanent magnet roller, and a slag discharge opening (34) is arranged below the feed opening (33) in an inclined mode.
The homogenizing silo (4) consists of a forced feeding screw (41), a lifting screw (42) and a discharging screw (43).
The metal separator (5) is a pipeline type electromagnetic induction metal separator.
The rotary disc type feeder (7) is composed of a feeder cavity (71), a rotary cutter disc (72), damping fixed cutters (73), a material level sensor (74), a temperature sensor (75) and a water spray valve (76), wherein the rotary cutter disc (72) is formed by three or more groups and is spirally distributed, the damping fixed cutters (73) are arranged on the feeder cavity and are in a hook shape, the material level sensor (74) is arranged at the top of the feeder cavity (71), the temperature sensor (75) is arranged at the position, close to the rotary cutter disc (72), of the lower end of the feeder cavity (71), the water spray valve (76) is arranged at the upper end of the feeder cavity (71), and the temperature sensor (75) controls the opening and closing of the water spray valve (76) by detecting the temperature of materials in the feeder cavity (71).
The screw rod draw ratio of single screw extruder (8) be 38, by feed section (81), compression section (82), fillter section (83), plastify section (83), vacuum section (84) and extrude section (85) and constitute in proper order, feed section (81) are equidistant deep thread structure, compression section (82) are equidistant deep screw thread and groove depth by the depth-to-shallow, fillter section (83) comprise fluting screw thread and reverse thread, plastify section (84) comprise equidistant deep screw thread and barrier type screw thread, vacuum section (85) comprise equidistant unequal deep screw thread and groove depth by the depth-to-shallow, extrude section (86) and comprise equidistant equal deep screw thread.
The filter I (9) is a double-plunger cylindrical surface backwashing filter, the filtering working surface is a double-plunger cylindrical surface, and the filtering area is larger than 1800cm2(ii) a The filter II (10) is a continuous full-automatic rotary filter, the filtering working surface is a disc and can continuously clean the surface, and the filtering area is more than 1500cm2，(ii) a Pressure sensors are respectively arranged at the front end of the filter I (9), between the filter I (9) and the filter II (10) and at the rear end of the filter II (10).
The vacuum exhaust device (11) is positioned between the filter II (10) and the granulator (12) and is provided with two vacuum exhaust ports.
The granulator (12) is a water ring granulator.
Claims (20)
1. A method for regenerating and granulating waste EPS cold pressing materials is characterized in that a conveying belt I conveys large waste EPS cold pressing materials into a crusher to be crushed into sheets, and the crushed materials fall onto a conveying belt II and are conveyed forwards; after magnetic metals such as iron, manganese steel, cobalt-nickel alloy and the like in the materials are removed by the permanent magnet roller on the conveying belt II, the materials enter a homogenizing silo to be dispersed and mixed; the mixed materials pass through a metal separator when coming out of a discharge screw of a homogenizing silo, and other non-magnetic metals such as stainless steel, copper, aluminum and the like contained in the materials are removed; the materials enter a spiral conveyor and are conveyed into a cavity of a rotating disc type feeding machine through the spiral conveyor, and the materials are fully mixed, preheated, densified, compacted and dried under the high-speed rotation of a rotating cutter disc and are granular; the granular materials are thrown into the single-screw extruder by the rotary cutter head, and are in a melt state after the melting, mixing and exhaust treatment of the single-screw extruder; the melt is pre-filtered through a filter I, large impurities such as paper scraps, wood chips, aluminum foils and the like larger than 500-800 microns in the melt are blocked in front of a filter screen of the filter I, and the impurities are removed every 12-24 hours; the melt after pre-filtration is subjected to precision filtration by a filter II, fine sand, non-PS resin and other impurities with the size of 210-250 mu m-500-800 mu m in the melt are blocked in front of a filter screen of the filter II, and are continuously discharged out of the filter II; the filtered melt passes through a vacuum exhaust device, and residual foaming agent and small molecule volatile matters contained in the material are removed under the action of vacuum pumping; and extruding and molding the discharged melt from a single-screw extruder, cutting the melt into granules by a granulator, dehydrating and drying the granules by a vibrating screen, and then entering a finished product bin for caching.
2. The method for recycling and granulating the waste EPS cold pressing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the external dimension of the waste EPS cold pressing material is not more than 500 × 500 × 1200mm, and the water content is not more than 15%.
3. The method for recycling granulation of waste EPS cold pressed material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cold pressing material is crushed to be flaky, the external dimension is 10-25 mm, and the bulk specific gravity is 0.15-0.20 kg/dm3。
4. The method for recycling granulation of waste EPS cold pressed material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the time for continuously mixing the materials in the homogenizing silo is 2-3 hours.
5. The method for recycling granulation of waste EPS cold pressed material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotating speed of a rotating cutter disc of the rotating disc type feeder is 200-400 rpm, the temperature of materials in a cavity of the feeder is 50-85 ℃, and the material level height is 20-60 mm.
6. Waste EPS cold pressing material regeneration manufacturing method according to claim 1A method of granulation, characterized by: the materials in the cavity of the feeding machine are granular, the external dimension is 2-5 mm, and the bulk specific gravity is 0.3-0.4 kg/dm3The water content is 0.5-3%.
7. The method for recycling granulation of waste EPS cold pressed material according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the temperature of the material in the cavity of the feeding machine exceeds 85 ℃, a water spray valve arranged on the rotary disc type feeding machine is opened to spray water into the cavity of the feeding machine for cooling.
8. The method for recycling granulation of waste EPS cold pressed material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotating speed of the single-screw extruder is 90-110 rpm, and the heating temperature of the single-screw extruder barrel is set to be 190-220 ℃.
9. The method for recycling granulation of waste EPS cold pressed material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heating temperature of the filter I and the filter II is set to be 200-210 ℃, the melt pressure in front of the filter I is 8-11 MPa, the melt pressure between the filter I and the filter II is 6-8 MPa, and the melt pressure at the rear end of the filter II is 4-6 MPa.
10. The method for recycling granulation of waste EPS cold pressed material according to claim 1, characterized in that: and filtering impurities of the melt by a filter I and a filter II, and vacuumizing and exhausting, wherein the vacuum degree of a vacuum exhaust device is-0.5 to-0.8 MPa.
11. The control system for waste EPS cold pressing material regeneration granulation according to claim 1, which comprises a conveying belt I, a pulverizer, a conveying belt II, a homogenizing silo, a metal separator, a screw conveyor, a rotary disc type feeding machine, a single screw extruder, a filter I, a filter II, a vacuum exhaust device, a granulator, a vibrating screen, a finished product silo and a P L C controller, and is characterized in that the conveying belt I is connected with a feeding port of the pulverizer, a feeding end of the conveying belt II is positioned at the lower part of a discharging port of the pulverizer, a discharging port of the conveying belt II is connected with a forced feeding screw of the homogenizing silo, a discharging screw of the homogenizing silo is connected with the metal separator, the metal separator is connected with a feeding port of the screw conveyor, a discharging port of the screw conveyor is connected with a cavity of the rotary disc type feeding machine, the rotary disc type feeding machine is tangentially connected with a feeding section of the single screw extruder, the filter I, the filter II and the vacuum exhaust device are sequentially arranged on the single screw extruder, the granulator is provided with the rear end of the single screw extruder, the vibrating screen is connected with the finished product silo L, and the filter I, the filter II and the vacuum exhaust device are controlled to.
12. The control system for recycling and granulating of waste EPS cold pressing materials as claimed in claim 11, wherein the crusher is a heavy crusher with an open rotating shaft.
13. The control system for regenerating and granulating waste EPS cold pressing materials according to claim 11, wherein a roller obliquely above a feed opening of the conveying belt II is a permanent magnet roller, and a slag discharge opening is arranged obliquely below the feed opening.
14. The control system for recycling and granulating waste EPS cold pressing materials as claimed in claim 11, wherein the homogenizing silo is composed of a forced feeding screw, a lifting screw and a discharging screw.
15. The control system for regenerating and granulating waste EPS cold pressing materials as claimed in claim 11, wherein the metal separator is a pipeline type electromagnetic induction metal separator.
16. The control system for regeneration and granulation of waste EPS cold pressing materials as claimed in claim 11, wherein the rotary disc type feeder comprises a feeder cavity, a rotary cutter disc, damping fixed cutters, a material level sensor, a temperature sensor and a water spray valve, wherein the rotary cutter disc is formed by three or more groups and is spirally distributed, the damping fixed cutters are arranged on the feeder cavity and are in a check mark shape, the material level sensor is arranged at the top of the feeder cavity, the temperature sensor is arranged at the lower end of the feeder cavity and close to the rotary cutter disc, the water spray valve is arranged at the upper end of the feeder cavity, and the temperature sensor controls the opening and closing of the water spray valve by detecting the temperature of the materials in the feeder cavity.
17. The control system for regeneration and granulation of waste EPS cold pressing materials as claimed in claim 11, wherein the screw length-diameter ratio of the single screw extruder is 38, and the single screw extruder is composed of a feeding section, a compression section, a filtering section, a plasticizing section, a vacuum section and an extrusion section in sequence, wherein the feeding section is of an equidistant equal-depth thread structure, the compression section is of equidistant unequal-depth threads, the depth of a thread groove is changed from deep to shallow, the filtering section is composed of a slotted thread and a reverse thread, the plasticizing section is composed of equidistant equal-depth threads and a barrier type thread, the vacuum section is composed of equidistant equal-depth threads, the depth of the thread groove is changed from deep to shallow, and the extrusion section is composed of equidistant equal-depth threads.
18. The control system for recycling granulation of waste EPS cold pressed material according to claim 11, characterized in that: the filter I is a double-plunger cylindrical surface backwashing filter, the filtering working surface is a double-plunger cylindrical surface, and the filtering area is larger than 1800cm2(ii) a The filter II is a continuous full-automatic rotary filter, the filter working surface is a disc and can continuously clean the surface, and the filter area is more than 1500cm2，(ii) a Pressure sensors are respectively arranged at the front end of the filter I, between the filter I and the filter II and at the rear end of the filter II.
19. The control system for recycling granulation of waste EPS cold pressed material according to claim 11, characterized in that: and the vacuum exhaust device is positioned between the filter II and the granulator and is provided with two vacuum exhaust ports.
20. The control system for recycling granulation of waste EPS cold pressed material according to claim 11, characterized in that: the granulator is underwater strand cutting or water ring cutting.
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Application publication date: 20200724 |