JP2002273529A - Pressforming method and press apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pressforming method by which materials are not wasted, and the cutting cost is low by minimizing occurrence of sagging. SOLUTION: This pressforming method comprises a first step of separating a work W from a first punching member W1 by a rough punch 100 leaving a first peripheral edge portion P1 of the outline of a product P, a second step of separating the work from a second punching member W2 by shaving the first peripheral edge portion P1 by a shaving punch 200, and a third step of forming an excess material portion P3 by squeezing a second peripheral edge portion P2 of the product by a squeezing punch 300 to allow the material flow of the second peripheral edge portion P2 outwardly of the product, thus the desired product is manufactured by punching the work by an outline punch 400 having the product outline, thereby separating the product P from the work.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a press working method and a press working apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication
JP-A-210731. This is because a lower die having a hole of the same shape as the product to be punched, an ejector slidably fitted in the hole of the lower die, and a punch having a tip slightly smaller than the hole of the lower die. This is a processing apparatus using a punch and an upper die with a projection provided with a hole into which the tip of the punch is slidably fitted and provided with a projection having an inner peripheral shape slightly larger than the hole. In this processing apparatus, as a first step, the material is narrowed under the condition that the tip of the punch is retracted from the space on the inner peripheral side of the projection of the upper die with the projection, and the material is formed by the inner peripheral side angle of the projection. It is sheared and filled into the inner peripheral space. Next, as a second step, while maintaining the narrow pressure of the material, the punch is inserted into the inner peripheral side of the projection and the hole of the lower die, and the material is determined by the outer peripheral angle of the tip of the punch and the opening edge angle of the hole of the lower die. This is a processing method for shearing and separating. By this processing method of the prior art, a punched product having a small shear and a total shear surface is obtained.

[0003]

However, even in the above-mentioned Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-210731, the sagging of the product does not disappear between the punch and the flat die as shown in FIG. In other words, the cause of this dripping is that the clearance between the punch and the die causes a shortage of material on the back side of the product (the lower hatched portion in FIG. 8), and the dripping still occurs in a form in which surrounding materials compensate for the shortage of material in this part. Occurs.

Further, there is a processing method of performing a roughing processing, a shaving processing, and an inner and outer diameter punching step, but even with this processing method, dripping still occurs. For this reason, the conventional processing method uses a material with a thickness greater than the actual product, and cuts both the front and back surfaces so as to eliminate this dripping, but the cost is high in processing such as waste of the material and cutting work. There was a tendency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has solved the above-mentioned problems. The present invention provides a press working method and a press working apparatus which minimizes the occurrence of sagging, thereby eliminating waste of materials and reducing the cost of cutting work. Is provided.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for forming a workpiece and a first punching member by using a rough punch while leaving a first peripheral edge of a product outer shape. A first step of separating, a second step of shaving the first peripheral portion with a shaving punch to separate the work and a second punching member, and crushing a second peripheral portion of the product with a punch A third step in which the second peripheral portion is caused to flow out of the material to the outside of the product to form a surplus portion, and the workpiece is punched with an external shape punch having the product external shape, thereby forming the workpiece and the workpiece. A press working method wherein a desired product is manufactured by separating the product from the product.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the generation of sagging is reduced as much as possible, thereby providing a press working method which does not waste material and has a low cutting work cost.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, which is made to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the amount of protrusion of the surplus portion has a sag of 0.05 to 0.10 t with respect to the thickness t of the work. 2. The press working method according to claim 1, wherein the product is made to flow outward of the product within a range to be made to protrude.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the occurrence of sagging can be suppressed most preferably within this range. 0.0
If it is smaller than 5t, there is a problem that the remaining member is torn off from the work and bites into the sliding portion between the die and the knockout, and if it is larger than 0.1t, there is a problem that sagging still tends to occur.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention according to claim 3 is a rough punch, which separates a workpiece and a first punching member while leaving a first peripheral portion of a product outer shape, and the first peripheral edge. A shaving punch for shaving a part to separate the work and a second punching member, and a second peripheral part of the product is crushed so that the second peripheral part flows out of the product so that a surplus part is formed. A press working apparatus comprising: a crushing punch to be formed; and an outer shape punch having the product outer shape for punching the work so that the work and the product are separated from each other.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, as in the first aspect, by reducing the occurrence of sagging as much as possible, there is no waste of material, a low cutting operation cost, and an apparatus capable of performing press working.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a fine blanking apparatus used in the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the press working apparatus of FIG.

The work 1 is a strip-shaped metal steel plate (having a thickness of 15 mm).
) And set in a state wound around the uncoiler 2. Work 1 set on uncoiler 2
Is passed through the level feeder 3 to take up the work 1 when it is set on the uncoiler 2. The work 1 that has passed through the level feeder 3 is a high-frequency heater 4
Heated more rapidly.

The high-frequency heater 4 includes a power supply unit 5 and a power supply unit 5.
Oscillating section 6 for oscillating current from the coil, and a copper heating coil 7 heated by a high-frequency current output from oscillating section 6
And The work 1 is surrounded by a heating coil 7 as shown in FIG. 3. When a high-frequency current is applied to the heating coil 7, a high-frequency magnetic field is applied to the work 1. The application of the high-frequency magnetic field changes the magnetic flux in the space surrounded by the heating coil 7 to generate electromagnetic induction, and the work 1 generates heat due to eddy current loss and hysteresis loss caused by the electromagnetic induction. By such high-frequency heating, the work 1 reaches a hot range (about 750 ° C. to 850 ° C.) from room temperature in about 5 seconds. The work may be heated by another heater or the like, or the work may be heated.

The work 1 having undergone the above heating step is sent into a fine blanking press 8 which is a mold for fine blanking in the present embodiment, and is subjected to the following fine blanking step.

In the fine blanking step, the work 1 heated to a hot region by the heating step is sent between the stripper 9 and the die 10. Then, the stripper 9 moves downward in the drawing to fix the work 1 between the stripper 9 and the die 10. With the work 1 fixed, the punch 11 moves relatively downward with respect to the stripper 9 and the die 10 in the drawing, and pressing on the work 1 by the fine blanking method is started.

When the punch 11 presses the work 1, the punch 11 and the knockout 12 are moved in the same direction as the pressing direction while the work 1 is held between the punch 11 and the knockout 12. By performing the fine blanking in this manner, the entire shear surface of the work 1 can be punched.

Further, by elevating the temperature to the hot zone and then performing the press working, the elongation of the work 1 is improved, the forming limit is improved by a decrease in tensile strength, and the fine blanking press 8 is formed by reducing the forming force. Can be reduced in size. Further, it is not necessary to use a high-grade spheroidized sintered material as the material of the work 1. Further, it is not necessary to perform quenching in a post-process of the press working. In addition, a warm region (about 550 ° C. to 65 ° C.) lower than the hot region
0 ° C.). In this case, it is necessary to perform quenching after the fine blanking step.

Next, the processing method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a press-working process diagram for forming a punched hole in the work of the present invention by various punches, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. FIG. 5 is a press working process diagram for punching a punched hole in the work of the present invention by various punches. In FIGS. 4 and 5, the interval between the punches on the left and right products is narrowed for the sake of simplicity.

(First step) Desired product P shape (The product of the present invention is a car parking lock brake having a thickness of 1
The first peripheral portion P1 of a 2 mm carbon steel SC20C) is roughly punched by the rough punch 100. as a result,
As shown in FIGS. 4A and 5A, the workpiece W and the first punching member W1 are separated. Rough punch 1 at this time
00 is punched out from the basic shape of the product P (the dotted line portion of the product P in FIG. 4A) with a margin of the width of the peripheral portion P1 + 0.1 mm. Here, the basic shape means the same size as the shape of the final product P. The rough punch 10 shown in FIG.
A hatched portion 0 is a first punched hole 101 formed in the workpiece W.
But also.

(Second Step) Next, FIGS. 4B and 5
As shown in (b), since the shaping punch 200 manufactured with 0 Nerai (having the same shape as the product size) with respect to the basic shape of the product P, the product shape is almost the same as the product P. Peripheral portion P1 and first punching hole 1 described above
The periphery of 00a is punched.

At this time, the second punching member W2 has a ring shape. 4B, the hatched portion of the shaving punch 200 is the second punched hole 2 formed in the workpiece W.
00b.

At this time, 201b is formed at the corner of the workpiece W in the second punched hole 200b. This dripping 201b
Is generated even at the time of rough removal in the first step. FIG. 6B shows FIG.
5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the workpiece W, in which a sag 201b is formed on a peripheral edge of a second punched hole 200b.

It should be noted that the periphery of the back side of the sag 201b is
Burrs 202b of 1 to 0.3 mm are formed.

(Third Step) Next, FIGS. 4C and 5
As shown in (c), the upper surface of the second peripheral portion P2 of the product P is crushed from above by the crushing punch 300, so that the material flows to the second peripheral portion P2 outside the product (second). (The third through-hole 300c is formed by flowing into the punched hole 200b.)
A surplus portion P3 is formed.

The surplus portion P3 is crushed by the crushing punch 300 to crush the peripheral portion of the sag 201b, whereby plastic flow of the material occurs. It is formed so as to protrude about 0.05 mm into the punched hole 200b. In this embodiment, the punch pressure was 70 kg / mm ² .

It is preferable that the projecting amount of the surplus portion P is caused to flow outward from the product within a range where a sag amount of 0.05 to 0.10 t is generated with respect to the thickness t of the work. Within this range, the occurrence of sagging can be suppressed most effectively. If it is smaller than 0.05t, the remaining member W3 (FIG. 6D) described later is torn off from the workpiece W,
There is a problem that the sliding portion between the die 5 and the knockout 6 gets stuck, and if it is larger than 0.1 t, there is a problem that sagging still easily occurs.

As shown in FIGS. 6 (c) and 7 and the graph, the protrusion amount S of the surplus portion P depends on the sag amount D and the surplus protrusion S ( Shaving off)
Is generally shown by the relationship shown in the graph of FIG. 7 based on our experiments and inferences. According to this graph, it is necessary to suppress the sagging amount within 0.01 tmm as the excess protrusion amount in order to obtain a high quality product.

For example, in the case of a work having a thickness of 10 mm close to that of the present embodiment, the sag amount is 0.05 × 10 mm = 0.5.
If it is mm, it is necessary to further reduce the amount of sag. For this purpose, it is preferable to suppress the excess protrusion amount within 0.1 mm. In particular, when the thickness is within 0.05 mm, the occurrence of sag is reduced as much as possible. If it is larger than 0.1 mm, there is a problem that sagging still easily occurs.

(Fourth Step) Next, the work W3 and the product P are formed by punching the work W with an outer shape punch 400 having the same inner shape and outer shape of the product (having the same dimensions as the outer shape of the product P). Are separated to produce a product P.

Although the product P of the embodiment of the present invention has been described as an embodiment of a parking lock brake component of an automobile,
It may be used for various gears such as a seat reclining gear. Further, in the present embodiment, the embodiment in which hot and warm heating are performed has been described, but cold working without performing heating may be performed.

In the present invention, the processing method and the processing apparatus are designed to prevent the outer peripheral edge of the product P from being sagged by various punches. However, not only the outer shape of the product P but also the inner shape (hole) of the product P is sagged. It can also be prevented by the processing method and processing apparatus of the present invention.

[0033]

As described above, according to the present invention, the workpiece is formed by the rough punch without leaving the first peripheral portion of the outer shape of the product.
A first step of separating the punching member from the workpiece, a second step of shaving the first peripheral portion with a shaving punch to separate the workpiece and the second punching member, and a crushing punch of the second peripheral portion of the product The second
A third step in which a peripheral portion is formed by flowing a material to the outside of the product to form a surplus portion, and the work and the product are separated by punching the work with an outer shape punch having the product outer shape. Since this is a press working method characterized in that a desired product is manufactured by the press working, the occurrence of sagging is reduced as much as possible, so that there is no waste of material and the cutting work cost is low, and the press working is performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a press working method in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram related to high-frequency heating.

FIG. 4 is a press working process diagram for forming a punched hole in the work of the present invention by various punches, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 5;

FIG. 5 is a press-working process diagram for punching a punched hole in the work of the present invention with various punches.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of (b) and (c) of FIG. 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing a relationship between a sag amount and a surplus amount (shaving allowance).

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a mechanism of sagging.

[Explanation of symbols]

 100: rough punch 200: shaving punch 300: crush punch 400: outer punch P: product P1: first peripheral portion P2: second peripheral portion P3: excess portion W1: first punching member W2: second punching member

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A first step of separating a workpiece and a first punching member by a rough punch while leaving a first peripheral edge of a product outer shape, and shaving the first peripheral edge by a shaving punch to form the workpiece. And a second step of separating the second punching member and the second punching member. The second peripheral edge of the product outer shape is crushed and crushed by a punch, so that the second peripheral edge material flows outside the product outer shape, and a surplus portion is formed. A third step to be formed, wherein the work and the product are separated by punching the work with an outline punch having the product outline to produce a desired product. Processing method. 2. A protruding amount of the extra thickness portion is set to flow outward from the product within a range where a sag amount of 0.05 t to 0.10 t is generated with respect to a thickness t of the work. The press working method according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3. A rough punch for separating a work and a first punching member while leaving a first peripheral portion of a product outer shape, and separating the work and a second punching member by shaving the first peripheral portion. A shaving punch, and a crushing punch that crushes a second peripheral portion of the product so that the second peripheral portion causes the material to flow outwardly of the product to form a surplus portion;
A press working apparatus, comprising: an outer shape punch having the product outer shape for punching the work so that the work and the product are separated from each other.