JP2002243766A - Electric current sensor - Google Patents
Electric current sensorInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002243766A JP2002243766A JP2001040262A JP2001040262A JP2002243766A JP 2002243766 A JP2002243766 A JP 2002243766A JP 2001040262 A JP2001040262 A JP 2001040262A JP 2001040262 A JP2001040262 A JP 2001040262A JP 2002243766 A JP2002243766 A JP 2002243766A
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- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- current
- sensor
- outputs
- output
- Prior art date
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- Measuring Magnetic Variables (AREA)
- Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、磁気インピーダ
ンス効果を利用した磁気検出素子からなる電流センサ、
特に受配電機器用の電流センサに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a current sensor comprising a magnetic detecting element utilizing a magnetic impedance effect,
In particular, the present invention relates to a current sensor for power receiving and distribution equipment.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、受配電機器用の電流センサとして
は、例えば図８の斜視図で示されるようなカレントトラ
ンス（ＣＴとも略記する）が広く用いられている。な
お、図８の符号１５ａは１次巻線、１５ｂは２次巻線、
１５ｃは鉄心、１５ｄはボビンを示す。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a current transformer (also abbreviated as CT) as shown in a perspective view of FIG. In FIG. 8, reference numeral 15a denotes a primary winding, 15b denotes a secondary winding,
15c indicates an iron core, and 15d indicates a bobbin.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、図８に示すよ
うなＣＴは、渦電流損を低減するために積層鉄心１５ｃ
が必要であり、また、磁気飽和が発生するため電流検知
範囲を広く取れないという問題がある。この場合、高感
度な磁気検出センサである巨大磁気抵抗素子、または磁
気インピーダンス素子を電流センサとして用いれば、電
流検知範囲を拡大することが可能である。ただし、受配
電機器用として用いる場合は、外部ノイズや他相の不平
衡電流の影響が大きく、また高感度な磁気センサを用い
ると逆にノイズの影響を大きく受けるので、受配電機器
用への適用が難しいという問題が生じる。したがって、
この発明の課題は、低コストでノイズの影響を受け難
く、しかも測定レンジの広い電流センサを提供すること
にある。However, the CT as shown in FIG. 8 uses a laminated core 15c to reduce eddy current loss.
In addition, there is a problem that the current detection range cannot be widened because magnetic saturation occurs. In this case, if a giant magnetoresistive element or a magnetic impedance element, which is a highly sensitive magnetic detection sensor, is used as the current sensor, the current detection range can be expanded. However, when used for power receiving and distribution equipment, the effects of external noise and unbalanced current of other phases are large, and when a high-sensitivity magnetic sensor is used, it is greatly affected by noise. The problem that application is difficult arises. Therefore,
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a current sensor that is low in cost, is not easily affected by noise, and has a wide measurement range.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】かかる課題を解決するた
め、請求項１の発明では、電流により生じる磁束を、磁
気インピーダンス効果を有する磁気センサで検出する電
流センサにおいて、前記電流により生じる磁束に対し、
前記磁気センサ出力の絶対値が等しく、かつ前記磁気セ
ンサ出力の極性が逆となるような位置に２つの磁気セン
サを配置し、この２つの磁気センサの出力の差を検出す
ることを特徴とする。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a current sensor for detecting a magnetic flux generated by a current by a magnetic sensor having a magnetic impedance effect. ,
Two magnetic sensors are arranged at positions where the absolute values of the magnetic sensor outputs are equal and the polarities of the magnetic sensor outputs are opposite, and the difference between the outputs of the two magnetic sensors is detected. .
【０００５】請求項２の発明では、電流により生じる磁
束を、磁気インピーダンス効果を有する磁気センサで検
出する電流センサにおいて、前記電流により生じる磁束
に対し、前記磁気センサ出力の絶対値が等しく、かつ前
記磁気センサ出力の極性が同じになるような位置に２つ
の磁気センサを配置し、この２つの磁気センサの出力の
和を検出することを特徴とする。According to a second aspect of the present invention, in a current sensor for detecting a magnetic flux generated by a current with a magnetic sensor having a magnetic impedance effect, an absolute value of the magnetic sensor output is equal to the magnetic flux generated by the current, and Two magnetic sensors are arranged at positions where the polarities of the magnetic sensor outputs become the same, and the sum of the outputs of the two magnetic sensors is detected.
【０００６】上記請求項１または２の発明においては、
前記電流を導く配線と、前記２つの磁気センサについ
て、外部磁界を遮断するためのシールドを設けることが
できる（請求項３の発明）。上記請求項１ないし３の発
明においては、前記２つの磁気センサを同一基板上に配
置することができる（請求項４の発明）。In the invention of claim 1 or 2,
A shield for blocking an external magnetic field can be provided for the wiring for leading the current and the two magnetic sensors (the invention according to claim 3). In the first to third aspects of the present invention, the two magnetic sensors can be arranged on the same substrate (the fourth aspect of the invention).
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】図１はこの発明の第１の実施の形
態を示す構成図で、１ａ，１ｂは磁気検出素子としての
磁気インピーダンス素子（ＭＩ素子ともいう）、２は電
流を導くための配線、３は配線２およびＭＩ素子１ａ，
１ｂを固定する基板、５は検出回路を示す。ＭＩ素子１
ａ，１ｂは例えば特開平６−２８１７１２号公報に開示
されているアモルファスワイヤによるものや、特開平８
−３３０６４５号公報に開示されている薄膜状のものの
いずれをも用いることができる。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numerals 1a and 1b denote a magnetic impedance element (also referred to as an MI element) as a magnetic detecting element, and 2 denotes an electric current guide. , Wiring 3 and the MI element 1a,
The substrate on which 1b is fixed, and 5 indicates a detection circuit. MI element 1
Reference numerals a and 1b denote an amorphous wire disclosed in, for example, JP-A-6-281712 and an amorphous wire disclosed in JP-A-6-281712.
Any of the thin film types disclosed in JP-A-330645 can be used.
【０００８】図２に、その原理を示す。図２で電流Ｉ１
により磁束φ１が生じる場合、この磁束φ１によりＭＩ
素子１ａに現れる出力をＳ１とすると、ＭＩ素子１ｂに
現れる出力はＳ１に対して大きさが等しく、符号が逆の
−Ｓ１という出力が現れるので、１ａ，１ｂの差を取る
ことにより、２Ｓ１という電流に比例する出力が得られ
る。すなわち、素子１ａ，１ｂに一様な磁界がノイズと
して加わった場合は、２つの素子１ａ，１ｂには大きさ
および符号の等しい出力が現れるので、これをＮ１とし
て２つのＭＩ素子の出力の差をとった後の差動出力は、 差動出力＝１ａの出力−１ｂの出力＝Ｓ１＋Ｎ１−（−Ｓ１＋Ｎ１）＝２Ｓ１ …（１） となるので、一様な外部磁界の影響を受けずに電流の検
知が可能となる。FIG. 2 shows the principle. In FIG. 2, the current I1
When the magnetic flux φ1 is generated by the
Assuming that the output appearing at the element 1a is S1, the output appearing at the MI element 1b is equal in magnitude to S1 and an output of -S1 having the opposite sign appears. An output proportional to the current is obtained. That is, when a uniform magnetic field is applied as noise to the elements 1a and 1b, an output having the same magnitude and sign appears in the two elements 1a and 1b. The differential output after taking the following is: differential output = 1a output-1b output = S1 + N1-(-S1 + N1) = 2S1 (1), so that the current is not affected by a uniform external magnetic field. Can be detected.
【０００９】図３に、電流Ｉ１と隣接する位置に、別の
電流Ｉ２が流れている場合の例を示す。同図において、
電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２により生じる磁束をそれぞれφ１，φ２
とし、これらφ１，φ２により２つのＭＩ素子１ａ，１
ｂに現れる出力の大きさをそれぞれＳ１，Ｎ２とする
と、２つのＭＩ素子１ａ，１ｂの差の出力は、 差動出力＝１ａの出力−１ｂの出力＝Ｓ１＋Ｎ２−（−Ｓ１−Ｎ２）＝２Ｓ１ ＋２Ｎ２ …（２） となり、隣接配線電流の影響を受けてしまう。以上よ
り、第１の例では、一様な外部磁界の影響はキャンセル
できるが、隣接配線電流の影響を受けるという問題があ
る。FIG. 3 shows an example in which another current I2 flows at a position adjacent to the current I1. In the figure,
The magnetic fluxes generated by the currents I1 and I2 are φ1 and φ2, respectively.
The two MI elements 1a, 1a are defined by φ1 and φ2.
Assuming that the magnitudes of the outputs appearing at b are S1 and N2, respectively, the output of the difference between the two MI elements 1a and 1b is: differential output = 1a output-1b output = S1 + N2-(-S1-N2) = 2S1 + 2N2 (2), which is affected by the adjacent wiring current. As described above, in the first example, the effect of the uniform external magnetic field can be canceled, but there is a problem that the first example is affected by the adjacent wiring current.
【００１０】図４はこの発明の第２の実施の形態を示す
構成図、図５はその原理説明図である。図４からも明ら
かなように、これは図１に示すものに対しＭＩ素子１
ａ，１ｂを並設した点が特徴である。その作用につい
て、図５も参照して説明する。図５は電流Ｉ１と隣接す
る位置に別の電流Ｉ２が流れている場合を示し、この場
合の電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２により生じる磁束をそれぞれφ１，
φ２とし、これらの磁束φ１，φ２により２つのＭＩ素
子１ａ，１ｂに現れる出力の大きさをそれぞれＳ２，Ｎ
３とすると、２つのＭＩ素子１ａ，１ｂの差の出力は、 差動出力＝１ａの出力−１ｂの出力＝Ｓ２＋Ｎ３−（−Ｓ２＋Ｎ３）＝２Ｓ２ …（３） となり、隣接配線電流Ｉ２の影響を受けずに、電流Ｉ１
の検知が可能となる。また、一様な外部磁界がノイズと
して加わった場合も、２つのＭＩ素子１ａ，１ｂに大き
さおよび符号の等しい出力が現れるので、２つのＭＩ素
子の出力の差をとることにより、隣接配線の場合と同様
に、外部磁界ノイズの影響をキャンセルすることができ
る。FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the principle thereof. As is clear from FIG. 4, this is the MI element 1 shown in FIG.
The feature is that a and 1b are juxtaposed. The operation will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 shows a case where another current I2 flows at a position adjacent to the current I1, and the magnetic fluxes generated by the currents I1 and I2 are φ1,
φ2, and the magnitudes of the outputs appearing in the two MI elements 1a and 1b by these magnetic fluxes φ1 and φ2 are S2 and N, respectively.
Assuming that 3, the output of the difference between the two MI elements 1a and 1b is as follows: differential output = 1a output-1b output = S2 + N3-(-S2 + N3) = 2S2 (3) Without receiving the current I1
Can be detected. In addition, even when a uniform external magnetic field is applied as noise, outputs having the same magnitude and sign appear in the two MI elements 1a and 1b. As in the case, the effect of the external magnetic field noise can be canceled.
【００１１】図６にこの発明の第３の実施の形態を示
す。同（ａ）は、図１に示すものにパーマロイ等による
磁気シールド６を施したもので、このシールドにより隣
接配線の影響を除去するものである。同（ｂ）は、図４
に示すものにパーマロイ等による磁気シールド７を施し
たものである。図４に示すものは理論上は隣接配線電流
による影響をキャンセルできるが、２つのＭＩ素子感度
のばらつき、位置ずれの影響等により外部磁界ノイズを
完全にはキャンセルできないので、磁気シールド７によ
りこれらの影響を低減するものである。この例で、例え
ば隣接する配線に主電流の２倍の電流が流れたときの測
定ずれは実測値で１．２％程度であり、外乱ノイズの影
響を低減できることを確認している。FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A shows a structure in which a magnetic shield 6 made of permalloy or the like is applied to the structure shown in FIG. 1, and the influence of adjacent wiring is removed by this shield. FIG. 4B shows FIG.
Are provided with a magnetic shield 7 made of permalloy or the like. 4 can theoretically cancel the influence of the adjacent wiring current, but cannot completely cancel the external magnetic field noise due to the variation of the sensitivity of the two MI elements, the influence of the displacement, and the like. It is to reduce the effect. In this example, for example, the measurement deviation when a current twice as large as the main current flows in the adjacent wiring is about 1.2% as an actually measured value, confirming that the influence of disturbance noise can be reduced.
【００１２】図７に検出回路の１例を示す。この検出回
路５は、発振回路５１と分圧抵抗Ｒ１，Ｒ２により、Ｍ
Ｉ素子１ａ，１ｂに高周波電流を印加し、ＭＩ素子１
ａ，１ｂの磁界によるインピーダンスの変化を検波回路
５２ａ，５２ｂで電圧の変化として検出し、差動回路５
３でＭＩ素子１ａ，１ｂの差に比例した出力を発生さ
せ、増幅回路５４で増幅して取り出すようにしたもので
ある。上記差動回路５３を加算回路に変更し、ＭＩ素子
１ａ，１ｂの差に比例した出力の代わりに、１ａ，１ｂ
の和に比例した出力を発生させることもできる。FIG. 7 shows an example of the detection circuit. The detection circuit 5 includes an oscillation circuit 51 and voltage-dividing resistors R1 and R2.
A high frequency current is applied to the I elements 1a and 1b,
A change in impedance due to the magnetic field of a, 1b is detected as a change in voltage by the detection circuits 52a, 52b, and the differential circuit 5
3, an output proportional to the difference between the MI elements 1a and 1b is generated, and the output is amplified by the amplifier circuit 54 and taken out. The differential circuit 53 is changed to an adder circuit, and instead of an output proportional to the difference between the MI elements 1a and 1b, 1a, 1b
Can be generated in proportion to the sum of
【００１３】なお、以上では２つのＭＩ素子の磁界検知
方向を同じにしたが、磁界検知方向を逆にして２つのＭ
Ｉ素子の出力の和をとることで、上記と同様に外乱ノイ
ズの影響を受けずに電流の検知が可能となることは言う
までもない。また、上記いずれの場合も２つのＭＩ素子
は同一チップ（基板）上に配置されており、これにより
１チップ化が可能となり低コストにすることが可能とな
る。In the above description, the magnetic field detection directions of the two MI elements are the same.
Obviously, by taking the sum of the outputs of the I elements, the current can be detected without being affected by disturbance noise as in the above case. Also, in each case, the two MI elements are arranged on the same chip (substrate), thereby making it possible to make one chip and reduce the cost.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の効果】この発明によれば、電流により生じる磁
束を、磁気インピーダンス効果を有する磁気センサで検
出するようにしたので、現在広く用いられているカレン
トトランスの問題である鉄心による磁気飽和が発生せ
ず、電流検知範囲の広い（ワイドレンジな）電流センサ
を提供できる。この発明の電流センサは、電流により生
じる磁束に対して、磁気センサ出力の絶対値が等しく、
かつ磁気センサ出力の極性が逆となるような位置に２つ
配置しセンサ出力の差を検出するので、外部磁界および
隣接配線電流による磁界の影響を受けずに、電流の検知
が可能となる。従って、ノイズの影響を受けにくい、耐
環境性に優れた電流センサを提供できる。According to the present invention, the magnetic flux generated by the current is detected by the magnetic sensor having the magneto-impedance effect. Therefore, magnetic saturation due to the iron core, which is a problem of current transformers widely used at present, occurs. Therefore, a current sensor having a wide current detection range (wide range) can be provided. In the current sensor of the present invention, the absolute value of the magnetic sensor output is equal to the magnetic flux generated by the current,
In addition, since two magnetic sensors are arranged at positions where the polarities of the magnetic sensor outputs are opposite to each other and the difference between the sensor outputs is detected, the current can be detected without being affected by the external magnetic field and the magnetic field due to the adjacent wiring current. Therefore, it is possible to provide a current sensor that is not easily affected by noise and has excellent environmental resistance.
【００１５】また、この発明の電流センサは、外部磁界
を遮断するための磁気シールドを施すことにより、磁気
センサの感度ばらつき、位置ずれの影響等があっても、
ノイズの影響を受けにくい、耐環境性に優れた電流セン
サを提供できる。また、この発明の電流センサは、２つ
の磁気センサを同一チップ（基板）上に配置すること
で、１チップ化が可能となり低コストな電流センサを提
供することができる。Further, the current sensor of the present invention is provided with a magnetic shield for shutting off an external magnetic field, so that the magnetic sensor is not affected by sensitivity variations, displacements, and the like of the magnetic sensor.
A current sensor that is not easily affected by noise and has excellent environmental resistance can be provided. Also, by arranging two magnetic sensors on the same chip (substrate), the current sensor of the present invention can be made into one chip, and a low-cost current sensor can be provided.
【図１】この発明の第１の実施の形態を示す構成図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】第１の実施の形態の原理を説明するための説明
図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the principle of the first embodiment.
【図３】第１の実施の形態における隣接配線電流の影響
を説明する説明図である。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an influence of an adjacent wiring current in the first embodiment.
【図４】この発明の第２の実施の形態を示す構成図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】第２の実施の形態の原理を説明するための説明
図である。FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the principle of the second embodiment.
【図６】この発明の第３の実施の形態を示す構成図であ
る。FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図７】検出回路の１例を示すブロック図である。FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a detection circuit.
【図８】カレントトランス（ＣＴ）の従来例を示す斜視
図である。FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a conventional example of a current transformer (CT).
１ａ，１ｂ…磁気検出素子（ＭＩ素子）、２，４…配
線、３…基板、５…検出回路、６，７…シールド板、５
１…発振回路、５２ａ，５２ｂ…検波回路、５３…差動
回路、５４…増幅回路、Ｒ１，Ｒ２…抵抗。1a, 1b: Magnetic detection element (MI element), 2, 4: Wiring, 3: Substrate, 5: Detection circuit, 6, 7: Shield plate, 5
1. Oscillation circuit, 52a, 52b ... detection circuit, 53 ... differential circuit, 54 ... amplification circuit, R1, R2 ... resistance.
Claims (4)
ダンス効果を有する磁気センサで検出する電流センサに
おいて、 前記電流により生じる磁束に対し、前記磁気センサ出力
の絶対値が等しく、かつ前記磁気センサ出力の極性が逆
となるような位置に２つの磁気センサを配置し、この２
つの磁気センサの出力の差を検出することを特徴とする
電流センサ。1. A current sensor for detecting a magnetic flux generated by a current by a magnetic sensor having a magnetic impedance effect, wherein an absolute value of the magnetic sensor output is equal to a magnetic flux generated by the current, and a polarity of the magnetic sensor output. The two magnetic sensors are arranged at positions where
A current sensor for detecting a difference between outputs of two magnetic sensors.
ダンス効果を有する磁気センサで検出する電流センサに
おいて、 前記電流により生じる磁束に対し、前記磁気センサ出力
の絶対値が等しく、かつ前記磁気センサ出力の極性が同
じになるような位置に２つの磁気センサを配置し、この
２つの磁気センサの出力の和を検出することを特徴とす
る電流センサ。2. A current sensor for detecting a magnetic flux generated by a current by a magnetic sensor having a magnetic impedance effect, wherein an absolute value of the magnetic sensor output is equal to a magnetic flux generated by the current, and a polarity of the magnetic sensor output. A current sensor, wherein two magnetic sensors are arranged at positions where the values are the same, and the sum of the outputs of the two magnetic sensors is detected.
センサについて、外部磁界を遮断するためのシールドを
設けることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の電流
センサ。3. The current sensor according to claim 1, wherein a wiring for guiding the current and a shield for blocking an external magnetic field are provided for the two magnetic sensors.
置することを特徴とする請求項１ないし３のいずれかに
記載の電流センサ。4. The current sensor according to claim 1, wherein said two magnetic sensors are arranged on a same substrate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001040262A JP2002243766A (en) | 2001-02-16 | 2001-02-16 | Electric current sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2001040262A JP2002243766A (en) | 2001-02-16 | 2001-02-16 | Electric current sensor |
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