JP2002242324A - Wet outside heat insulating vent method of building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wet outside heat insulating vent method of a building, capable of promoting heat insulation properties of the building, enabling energy- conserving type of house, promoting durability of the building and a mortar layer, preventing cracks and peeling in the mortar layer, preventing the incursion of rain water from the surface, and simultaneously realizing the strengthening of protection property in a mortar and the promotion of decoration efficiency by preventing condensation inside an external wall to form an outside heat insulating vent promoting the heat insulation/airtight property by a wet method, such as a mortar finish or the like, when a wooden building, a steel framed building or the like is built, extended, rebuilt and repaired. SOLUTION: A waterproof paper and a steel net or a waterproof paper attached steel net are mounted to the outside, placing a phenol-based heat insulating material having self-quenching property on the external wall of the building, so as to form a venting layer capable of being outward vented, lightweight cement mortar is coated, and after a net material has been pushed against the whole wall surface or the inside alternatively a part of the wall surface or the inside to bury, finishing work is carried out.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to mortar coating of external heat-insulating ventilation to prevent dew condensation inside outer walls and to improve heat insulation and airtightness when building, extending, remodeling, or repairing wooden or steel-framed buildings. It is formed by a wet construction method such as
Improves the fire resistance and heat insulation of buildings, enables energy-saving houses, improves the durability of buildings and mortar layers, prevents cracks and peeling of mortar layers, and prevents rainwater from entering the surface The present invention also relates to a wet outside heat insulation and ventilation method for a building capable of simultaneously enhancing the protection performance of the mortar and improving the cosmetic property.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the outer heat insulation and ventilation method for outer walls has mainly used a polystyrene foam or a polyurethane foam as a heat insulating material and a ceramic type outer wall material, and fireproof performance has not been confirmed. Is the current situation. Polystyrene foam has a heat deformation temperature of 80 ° C.
SA-1321 "flammable" in the flame retardancy test. It is known that polyurethane foam also burns while generating intense smoke by a burner or the like. That is, when these heat insulating materials are used, they exhibit sufficient heat insulating performance at a low temperature of 80 ° C. or less, and the ventilation layer also functions as a second heat insulating layer, but softens at a temperature of about 100 ° C. In the case where the heat insulation performance is lowered or the flame comes into contact with the flame, the ignited flame spontaneously spreads, so that the fire is rather expanded. Moreover, the ventilation layer serves to supply air, and further serves to spread the fire.

[0003] On the other hand, a method using a polystyrene foam or a polyurethane foam has been adopted in a cold region as the external heat insulation and ventilation method in a wet method, but none of them has been confirmed to have fire-prevention performance at present. For example, as a wet outside ventilation method, a steel net with waterproof paper is attached to structural members such as a rim arranged at predetermined intervals, and ordinary cement mortar or lightweight cement mortar is applied, and after drying and curing, Finishing construction methods were implemented, but in such a wet construction method, the iron mesh with waterproof paper is fixed only on the rim, so not only the load of the outer wall layer In addition, the stress accompanying the expansion and contraction of the mortar also acts, and the formed ventilation layer allows the inward bending of the outer wall layer, so that the stress due to the bending also acts on the mounting portion. And
When the load of the outer wall layer, the stress caused by expansion and contraction, and bending is concentrated on the mounting portion, cracks occur over time in the vicinity of the mounting portion, and the appearance is impaired. In addition, especially in an opening such as a window frame, a plurality of directions (up and down,
Since a stress (in the left-right direction) acts, cracks in an oblique direction are likely to occur near the corners. In addition, when such cracks occur, rainwater or the like invades and rust is generated on the iron mesh, which significantly reduces the durability of the iron mesh and may cause the mortar to fall off during an earthquake or over time. Was. In addition, the fire in the event of fire is likely to enter from cracks, which is not preferable in terms of fire prevention.

[0004] Accordingly, the present applicants disclose patent No. 296165.
No. 5 proposed a wet outside ventilation method. That is, using a net material such as a glass fiber net, reducing the drying shrinkage of the mortar by using a lightweight cement mortar having high rigidity and strength characteristics, improving the tensile strength of the mortar,
By dispersing the tensile stress of the mortar and imparting rubber elasticity to the mortar, cracks do not occur even near the mounting part on the fuselage rim or in the opening such as the window frame, improving the workability and shortening the construction period And can prevent all of the above-mentioned problems such as peeling of the mortar layer for a long period of time, and further improve the airtightness and heat insulation performance by the external ventilation method, prevent internal dew condensation, and improve the durability of the building. Improved the reliability of the construction.

[0005]

The present applicants have further studied the above-mentioned construction method and applied the structure and the construction method to an external heat insulation structure having higher fire resistance to improve the durability of a building. The purpose is to propose a construction method that ensures the reliability of construction.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed in view of the above, and has been proposed in which the outer wall of a wooden building such as a framing method, a framing wall method, a wood-based assembly structure, or a steel-framed building is constructed. Outside the fire-extinguishing phenolic insulation material,
An air-permeable ventilation layer is formed by arranging the waist edge etc. at appropriate intervals, waterproof paper and iron mesh, or iron mesh with waterproof paper is attached with a stable etc., light weight cement mortar is applied, Wet exterior insulation of buildings characterized by pressing and burying netting material on the entire surface or inside, or on part of the surface or inside of the wall, for example, the weak point around the opening, etc., and then finishing the construction It relates to the ventilation method.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The phenolic heat insulating material used in the present invention preferably has a thickness of 15 to 300 mm, and has a closed cell rate by combining a foaming phenolic resin and a foaming gas having a low thermal conductivity. It is characterized by having high heat insulation performance and flame-retardant performance.
It has a specific gravity of 1.2 to 1.3 at 00 to 5000 MPa · s and has a low to high density. Foaming conditions are water-soluble phenolic resin 1
For example, 3 to 7 parts by weight of a silicone-based or nonionic silicone-based ethylene oxide / propylene oxide copolymer as a foam stabilizer, and methylene chloride, carbonate, pentane, hexane, isopropyl ether, chloride, etc. Non-fluorocarbon 6 such as methylene
10 parts by weight, a viscosity of 900 to 5000 MPa · s, a specific gravity of 1.2 to 1.3, and 10 to 20 parts by weight of an organic sulfonic acid such as benzenesulfonic acid, naphtholsulfonic acid or phenolsulfonic acid as a curing agent. What is foamed and molded into a heat insulating plate using a homomixer or the like is used.

As this phenolic heat insulating material, various phenol foams (foams) have already been proposed as phenolic resin foams having self-extinguishing properties, and are supplied to the market. One or more layers of glass paper are joined. There is also known a mixture of ceramic fine hollow particles having a melting point of 1500 ° C. or higher and a glass powder, but these can be appropriately selected and used in the present invention.

As described above, when a normal organic heat insulating material such as a polystyrene foam or a polyurethane foam is used, the heat insulating material is easily softened at a temperature of about 100 ° C. to lower the heat insulating performance. And spread the fire,
Although the ventilation layer also serves to supply air, these phenolic insulation materials exhibit sufficient thermal insulation performance not only at low temperatures but also at high temperatures or even in the case of flame contact. Function as a second insulation layer,
It has high fire resistance and heat insulation performance.

The lightweight mortar used in the present invention is not particularly limited with respect to its raw materials and composition, but 20 to 60% by weight of cement, 2 to 2 of organic admixture,
It is desirable to use a lightweight cement mortar containing 10 wt% and having a unit volume mass at the time of kneading of 0.9 to 1.8.

As for the other components, the same components as those described in Japanese Patent No. 2961655 may be used. The waterproof paper used in the present invention, iron net, as an iron net with waterproof paper,
Although there is no particular limitation on the shape configuration, material configuration, and the like, as the iron net (same as the iron net with waterproof paper), a metal lath anti-rust product is generally preferable, and its mass is 450 to 4000 g. / M ² . These waterproof paper and iron net, iron net with waterproof paper, uniform the thickness of the lightweight cement mortar described later,
As a result, construction management is facilitated, cracks are prevented, and a ventilation layer is secured. Then, the workability of the mortar and the finishing accuracy of the wall surface are improved. In addition, iron mesh with waterproof paper is excellent in workability when seaming is not required, but many commercially available products are relatively thick and wrap around occurs when applying lightweight cement mortar. The coating thickness is also increased and costs are increased. Also, when it is necessary to lay together, it is troublesome because the waterproof paper must be turned over at the edge and the waterproof paper must be overlapped and joined, so the overlapping part of the iron mesh is also more It becomes thicker. On the other hand, when the waterproof paper and the iron net are separately provided, an iron net having an arbitrary thickness (thin) can be used, and the coating thickness of the lightweight cement mortar can be reduced. Also at the time of joining, the iron mesh is provided after the waterproof paper is laid in a predetermined range, so that it is possible to separately overlap and join, and the workability is excellent.

The lightweight cement mortar to be applied to the waterproof paper and the iron mesh or the iron mesh with the waterproof paper is not particularly limited in its raw material and composition, but the cement 20 to 60 wt%, the inorganic admixture 20 to 60wt
%, And 2 to 10 wt% of an organic admixture, and it is desirable to use a lightweight cement mortar whose unit volume mass at the time of kneading is 0.9 to 1.8. A conventional lightweight cement mortar often used for lath mortar coating construction has a unit volume mass of about 0.8 to 0.9 at the time of kneading, and a bending strength of about 15 to 20 kgf / cm ² .
However, in the outside ventilation structure in which the ventilation layer is formed on the back side of the outer wall layer, since there is no base material for fixing the iron mesh in most parts except the trunk part, it is sufficient to use the conventional lightweight cement mortar. Even during the curing period, wind and other stresses easily cause the wall surface to bend and the like easily move due to wind and other stresses, and cracks are liable to occur, and stress is concentrated particularly on the portion to be attached to the trunk edge. In addition, there is another problem that the outer wall layer itself is dented in a portion where there is no base material because an impact or a load acts on the outer wall layer itself. Therefore, in order to improve rigidity and strength characteristics, when a lightweight cement mortar having a unit volume mass of 0.9 to 1.8, more preferably a lightweight cement mortar having a unit volume mass of 1.2 to 1.5 is used, In addition, the strength of the outer wall layer can be improved and the bending can be reduced. The outer wall layer has a bending strength of 25 to 40 kgf / cm ² , and can secure rigidity capable of fixing movement such as bending of the iron net and strength required for the wall surface. In addition, as the inorganic admixture, one or more of dolomite plaster, fly ash, blast furnace slag powder, pearlite, silica sand, etc. can be used. As the organic admixture, EVA-calcium carbonate foam aggregate, styrene One or more of foamed aggregate, thickener, vinylon fiber and the like can be used. Further, by using the lightweight cement mortar in the above range, the strength, the water absorption, the workability, and the shrinkability are further improved. Specifically, the bending strength and the compression strength are high, and the wall strength is improved relatively early, so that a high-strength base material is not required. Further, since the water absorption is small, the durability is improved. further,
Since the workability is improved, the work efficiency is naturally improved. Moreover, since the drying shrinkage of the mortar is small, cracks are less likely to occur.

As a net material embedded in the surface or the inner surface of the lightweight cement mortar, for example, a glass fiber net, an aramid fiber net, a vinylon fiber net and the like can be used, and the material and characteristics thereof are not particularly limited. It is desirable to use a net material having a mass of 40 to 250 g / m ² and a tensile strength of 100 kgf / mm ² or more. The mesh material in the above range reduces drying shrinkage and reinforces the tensile strength of lightweight cement mortar (disperses tensile stress)
And prevent cracking. In addition, this net material may be embedded in the entire surface or inner surface of the wall surface, or may be embedded in a partial surface or inner surface of the wall surface, for example, in a weak portion where a crack or the like around the opening is likely to occur. You may do it.

The air-permeable layer is an empty space provided on the outside of the frame wall and having a thickness interval of 5 to 30 mm. If the air-permeable layer is thinner than this, the effect of preventing dew condensation, the effect of improving heat insulation, and the like become insufficient. Such a ventilation layer is formed by attaching body edges having a thickness of 5 to 30 mm at appropriate intervals, and takes in air from the top of the foundation or the wall contact of the underpass, and discharges air from the eaves or the ridge. Therefore, fresh outside air always flows.

In the wet outside adiabatic ventilation method of the present invention,
First, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet is attached to the outside of the body wall, and the body edge is fixed so that the mounting interval is about 300 to 600 mm. The body edge is attached so that the structural strength of the wall surface is ensured. However, the larger the attachment interval, the more easily the iron mesh fixed to the body edge thereafter flexes inward. And
Even when the lightweight cement mortar is applied to the outer surface of the iron net, the iron net is bent by the pressing force acting inward, so that cracks before curing and hardening are prevented, for example, about 15 to 16 mm. However, there is a case where the coating is applied to a thickness of 25 to 30 mm. In such a case, when the auxiliary fuselage is attached so that the attachment interval between the fuselage edges is about 150 to 300 mm, the bending of the iron mesh is suppressed, and the work of attaching the iron mesh is also lightweight. The application operation of the cement mortar can be performed without any difficulty. Moreover, since excessive bending can be suppressed by the auxiliary rim, it is possible to apply a soft iron net as a material.

The material of the auxiliary rim is not particularly limited, such as wooden or plastic. For example, a molded article made of waste plastics that become industrial waste may be used, and in this case, it also contributes to environmental problems such as pollution. Also, the length does not need to be as long as the body edge. For example, if the length is set to about 300 to 3000 mm per one and appropriately arranged, the handling is easy and the operation is extremely simple. Further, the shape may be a prismatic shape or any shape. For example, if it is an I-type (H-type) molded body, it is lightweight and has high structural strength. Further, in this case, if the auxiliary body edge is formed by forming a through hole in the web portion between the upper and lower flanges, even if the auxiliary body edge is released and inclined after the completion of construction, air can freely flow through the through hole. Therefore, the ventilation layer is not obstructed (partially shut off the air flow). Further, the auxiliary rim may be any fixing means as long as it is fixed at least until the application operation of the lightweight cement mortar is completed, preferably until its curing and curing are performed. If it is fixed by a simple means such as a tucker nail, a staple, a double-sided adhesive tape, and an adhesive (particularly a double-sided adhesive tape is preferable), it can be carried out extremely easily without increasing the plastering process. In addition, the iron net is usually attached to the rim,
You may make it fix also partially to this auxiliary | assistant fuselage.

In the present invention, as described above, the hull is first fixed to the outer wall of the building, and if necessary, the auxiliary hull is attached to form a ventilation layer (spacing). Attach waterproof paper and iron mesh, or iron mesh with waterproof paper,
After applying a lightweight cement mortar, and further burying the surface of the entire wall surface or inside, or the surface or inside of a part of the wall surface, for example, pressing the mesh material on the weak point such as around the opening, etc.,
Finishing work, where the net material is used to reduce the drying shrinkage of the lightweight cement mortar and to reinforce the tensile strength. Can be suppressed. When the net material is buried on the surface or inside of the entire wall surface, the tensile stress can be dispersed over the entire surface without partially concentrating the tensile stress. Furthermore, by embedding the net material (especially on the surface of lightweight cement mortar), the apparent support strength is improved, so that finishing work can be performed without leaving it for a long time as in the past, improving workability And the construction period can be shortened. In addition, since rubber elasticity can be given to the outer wall, even if a large amount of stress such as an earthquake occurs due to resonance between the net material and the iron net, fine cracks are formed in the surface finishing material layer only. Therefore, large cracks such as cracks reaching the inside do not occur. In addition, especially at the weak points around the openings, such as window frames, where cracks are likely to occur, it is possible to perform processing such as diagonally stretching a reinforcing mesh material, thus preventing the occurrence of cracks. it can.

[0018]

EXAMPLES [Performance Test] <1. Net Material Basic Test> 1.1 Preparation of Specimen (n = 3) The specimen was prepared by mixing and mixing a pre-mixed lightweight cement mortar (Lasmol: manufactured by Fujikawa Building Materials Co., Ltd.)
Poured into a size of 00mm x 75mm x thickness 20mm,
After that, place each net material (fiber net) on the surface, hold it lightly with an iron, and cure in a moist air curing room (temperature 20 ° C ± 2 ° C, humidity 8 ° C).
(0% or more) for 48 hours. After that, it was removed from the mold, and material age 1
Humidity room (temperature 20 ℃ ± 2 ℃, humidity 65% for up to 4 days)
(10%) was used as a test body (Example). 1.2 Test method The test specimen was set on an autograph (Shimadzu AG-5000C), a one-point bending load was applied at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm / min, and the maximum load, the load when cracks occurred, and the test from the start of the test The energy value up to the end (up to 0.5% of full scale load) was determined. In addition, what did not have reinforcement, such as a glass fiber net, was similarly evaluated as a comparative example. 1.3 Test Results Table 1 shows the obtained maximum load, the load at the time of occurrence of cracking, and the energy value for the above Examples and Comparative Examples.

[0019]

[Table 1]

<2. Net Material Application Test> 2.1 Preparation of Specimen (n = 3) An MT sheet (made by Asahi Dupont) is placed on a plywood base having a length of 800 mm, a width of 150 mm and a thickness of 9 mm, and a W lath (Nippon Steel) (Made by Bircon) with Stable 1010 (made by Plus), apply a premixed lightweight cement mortar (Rasmol: manufactured by Fujikawa Construction Materials Co., Ltd.) to a thickness of 16 mm, and coat the surface with an alkali-resistant glass fiber net (Nippon Electric Glass) (Manufactured by Co., Ltd.) and hold it with a trowel, and then stand for 48 hours in a moist air curing room (temperature 20 ° C. ± 2 ° C., humidity 80% or more). Thereafter, the specimens cured in a constant temperature and humidity chamber (temperature 20 ° C. ± 2 ° C., humidity 65% ± 10%) for up to 14 days were used as test specimens (Examples). 2.2 Test Method The test specimen was set on a universal strength tester (Shimadzu UD-100A), a one-point bending load was applied at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm / min, and the load and displacement at the occurrence of cracking were determined. In addition, what did not have reinforcement, such as a glass fiber net, was similarly evaluated as a comparative example. 2.3 Test Results Table 2 shows the load and displacement at the time of crack occurrence for the above Examples and Comparative Examples.

[0021]

[Table 2]

<3. Fire Resistance Test> 3.1 Preparation of Test Specimen In the structure of the frame base material shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet [Tyvek: polyethylene manufactured by Asahi Dupont Flush Spun Products Co., Ltd.] 60g / m
² ], a phenolic heat insulating material having a thickness of 25 mm is stretched, and vertical waist edges are attached at intervals of 455 mm with tapping screws, and a steel net with waterproof paper is further placed thereon [SK Lath: Co., Ltd.
Nickenville Con) was fastened with a tucker nail [65TR-D: manufactured by Max Co., Ltd.], and the lightweight cement mortar of Formulation Example 6 was primed to a thickness of about 10 mm, and after a curing period of one day, about 5 mm thick And apply a net material (alkali-resistant glass fiber net TD5 × 5: manufactured by Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd., 130 g / m ² ) and rub it with a trowel.
Mix with mortar. Thereafter, a curing period of 3 months was taken to prepare a test body. In the figure, 1 is a gypsum-based putty, 2 is a gypsum board, 3 is a gypsum board nail, 4 is a pillar, 5 is a stud, 6 is glass wool, 7 is a waterproof and moisture-permeable sheet, 8 is a phenolic heat insulating material, 9 is a vertical trunk Edges, 10 are tapping screws, 11 is a stable, 12 is a wire mesh with waterproof paper, 13 is a lightweight cement mortar, 14 is a glass fiber net, 15 is a frame (105 × 10
5) and 16 are hardware (105 × 105, 20t), and 17 is round copper (φ16). 3.2 Test Method After curing and drying for 3 months, a quasi-refractory structure 60-minute loading test (ISO824 standard heating curve) was performed. A in the figure
Denotes a wood (pillar) surface temperature measurement position, and B denotes a heat insulating material surface temperature measurement position. 3.3 Test Results The results are shown in FIG. As is clear from FIG. 3, the test specimen did not buckle after 60 minutes had elapsed, and the surface temperature of the column was 87.5 to 57.5.
100.5 ° C, backside temperature is 19.5-47.9 ° C
And passed the quasi-fire resistance of 60 minutes. No mortar was dropped.

<4. Construction test> The construction was carried out in the same specifications as the fire resistance test, and the surface of the thin finish coating material E was observed one year after construction, and the state of occurrence of cracks and the like was examined. (Approximately 200 m ² construction) Further, similar construction was performed by using various compositions shown in Table 3 as the lightweight cement mortar, and further using materials having various properties shown in Table 4 as the net material. In addition, a material without using the net material was similarly constructed as a comparative example. In the examples, no cracks occurred even after one year, and the appearance was maintained. On the other hand, in the comparative example in which no net material was used, a large crack was generated on the construction surface (above the vertical rim, at the corner of the opening).

[0024]

[Table 3]

[0025]

[Table 4]

<5. Construction Test> As shown in FIG. 4 (a), a water-permeable waterproof sheet 21 is laid on a base structure composed of a gypsum board 18, a glass wool 19, a phenolic heat insulating material (thickness 25 mm) 20, etc. (18m thick
m) 22 was arranged and fixed, and the auxiliary body edge 23 was attached at approximately the center of the arrangement interval. This auxiliary body edge 23 is shown in FIG.
As shown in Fig. 5, a molded body having substantially the same shape as a so-called I-type steel material, which is made of waste plastic, has a plurality of through holes 24 formed in the length direction of the web portion. Also,
The double-sided tape 25 was stuck on the back surface in advance, and the mounting operation could be performed very easily. Next, the asphalt felt 430 (26) was attached on the waist edge 22, a W ras (0.7 kg / m ² ) 27 was further fastened with a tucker nail, and the lightweight cement mortar 28 of Formulation Example 6 was applied by 15 mm or more. . Thereafter, although not shown, an alkali-resistant glass fiber net was buried, and a curing period was taken, followed by finishing with a thin finish coating material. When the same construction was performed without using the auxiliary rim 23, a comparison was made. When the auxiliary rim 23 was used, the calculated amount of the lightweight cement mortar was sufficient, the coating thickness was uniform, and cracks and the like were obtained. However, when not used, the coating thickness became uneven, cracks occurred, and the amount of lightweight cement mortar used increased.

<Example of Construction> Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), a base having a width of 2730 mm × 2000 mm in height (frame material 45 × 90 mm) was assembled on a steel frame, and an opening 2 was formed in the center.
9 is provided, and structural plywood (9 mm thick) 30 is attached to both sides,
A moisture-permeable waterproof sheet (Tyvek: manufactured by Asahi Dupont Flush Spun Products Co., Ltd.) 31 is stuck thereon, and vertical waist edges (42 × 18 mm thick) 32 are attached at intervals of 455 mm as shown in FIG. The auxiliary rim 23 described in the fire resistance test and the construction test was attached to the middle part. Next, an asphalt felt 430 (33) is attached to the vertical waist 32, and a W ras [manufactured by Nickenville Con] 34
Is attached with a tucker nail 1019 (manufactured by Max Corp.), and the light weight cement mortar 35 of Formulation Example 6 is applied to the A side and the B side.
5 mm thick, and as shown in FIG. 5B, an alkali-resistant glass fiber net [145 g / m ² : Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd.]
36) was applied for reinforcement, and after curing for two days, a lightweight cement mortar 35 of Formulation Example 6 was further applied to both sides to a thickness of 5 mm to finish it smoothly. After standing for 4 weeks, the occurrence of cracks was confirmed, but cracks occurred on the A side between the waist edges and the corners of the opening. However, no cracks occurred on the B side. Further, an H-section steel is placed on the upper part of the wall, and a load cell [20t: manufactured by Tokyo Keiki Kenkyusho] and a hydraulic jack [manufactured by Riken Kiki] are set on the upper frame.
It was loaded with a load of 8t, and the occurrence of cracks was confirmed.
Further cracks occurred in the upper part and the corner part of the opening on the surface A, but no cracks occurred in the surface B.

Although the present invention has been described based on the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and may be implemented in any manner unless the configuration described in the claims is changed. Can be.

[0029]

As described above, the present invention is applicable to a wet construction method such as mortar coating, which prevents the dew condensation inside the outer wall of a wooden building or a steel-framed building and improves the heat insulation and airtight performance. Can be implemented. And it improves the fire resistance and heat insulation of the building, enables the energy-saving type of house, further improves the durability of the building and the mortar layer, prevents cracks and peeling of the mortar layer, and prevents rainwater from the surface. This prevents penetration and enhances the protection performance of the mortar and improves the cosmetic properties at the same time. In particular, in the present invention, since a phenolic heat insulating material is used, it has high fire resistance performance not only during normal times but also during a fire. That is, when a normal organic heat insulating material such as polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam is used, at a low temperature until the softening temperature is reached, sufficient heat insulating performance is exhibited, and the ventilation layer assists the same. Exceeding temperature softens the heat insulation performance, and in the case of direct contact with the flame, the combustion spontaneously spreads, rather expanding the fire, and the ventilation layer also serves to supply air, further expanding the fire. Resulting in. However, phenolic insulation has a self-extinguishing property, so it extinguishes fire even when it comes into direct contact with the flame, so that the ventilation layer functions as a second insulation layer as usual Becomes In addition, the mesh material buried in the lightweight cement mortar reduces the drying shrinkage of the lightweight cement mortar and reinforces the tensile strength. Can be. Further, since the mesh material embedded in the lightweight cement mortar is provided over the entire outer wall, the tensile stress can be dispersed over the entire surface without partially concentrating the tensile stress. Furthermore, since the apparent supporting strength is improved by the net material, the finishing work can be performed without leaving it for a long time, and the workability can be improved and the construction period can be shortened. In addition, in the vicinity of an opening, such as a window frame, where cracks are likely to occur, it is possible to perform processing such as diagonally stretching a reinforcing mesh material, and thus prevent the occurrence of cracks.

In particular, when the phenolic heat insulating material is combined with a foaming phenolic resin and a foaming gas having a low thermal conductivity to increase the closed cell rate, and has both high heat insulating performance and flame retardant performance, Unlike a polystyrene foam or a polyurethane foam, it is possible to realize heat insulation performance with little change over time, and to supply a durable wooden house.

When the phenolic heat insulating material has a thickness of 15 to 300 mm as described in claim 3, the area classification described in the specification of the house conforming to the technical standard of the energy saving type of the Japan Housing Finance Corporation. The thickness can be arbitrarily selected according to the construction site. And the next generation energy-saving standard house is possible.

As described in claim 4, when the foamable refractory paint is applied to the outer wall side surface of the phenolic heat insulating material and / or the joint portion of the board in an amount of 200 to 2000 g / m ² , the flame from the joint portion in the event of a fire, etc. When it is applied to the surface, the rise of the surface temperature of the phenolic heat insulating material can be delayed.

As described in claim 5, a ventilation layer having a thickness of 5 to 30 mm is provided on the outside of the skeleton wall, and air is taken in from a wall contact portion of the top of the foundation or the lower building, and the eaves and / or the ridge portion are taken. When air is evacuated from the wall, dew condensation in the wall can be prevented, and the durability of the wooden house can be improved.

In a case where a breathable layer is formed by attaching a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet to the outside of the skeleton wall and attaching body edges having a thickness of 5 to 30 mm at appropriate intervals as described in claim 6, intrusion of rainwater from the outer wall And dew condensation in the wall can be prevented, and the durability of the wooden house can be improved.

Further, when the auxiliary rim is attached between the rims, the bending of the net material or the net material with waterproof paper is suppressed, and the thickness of the lightweight cement mortar can be reduced. It can be made uniform and there is no crack or the like.

Further, as described in claim 8, the length is 300 to
When the 3000 mm auxiliary rim is attached with a tucker nail, a staple, a double-sided adhesive tape, or an adhesive, it can be easily attached without increasing the plastering process.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the composition of the lightweight cement mortar is 20 to 60% by weight of the cement, 20 to 60% by weight of the inorganic admixture, and 2 to 10% by weight of the organic admixture. When it is 9 to 1.8, rigidity and strength characteristics are improved, workability at the time of construction is good, and durability and fire protection are excellent. That is, in the conventional lightweight cement mortar, even if the curing period is sufficiently long, the wall surface easily bends due to wind and other stresses, and easily dents. In addition, there is a problem in that the outer wall layer itself is dented in a portion where there is no base material because an impact or a load acts on the outer wall layer itself. On the other hand, the lightweight cement mortar of the present invention can be used as an outer wall layer that is less bent even when wind and other stresses are applied and does not dent due to impact or the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an external heat-insulating ventilation structure formed by the external heat-insulating ventilation method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the external heat-insulating ventilation structure of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of a 60-minute loading test of a quasi-refractory structure in a fire test of an example.

FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a part of an outer wall structure in a construction test of an example, and FIG. 4B is a perspective view illustrating an auxiliary body edge used therein.

5A is a front view of an outer wall structure in a working example of an embodiment, FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 5C is a front view showing a state where a net material is buried on the B side.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hidenori Kojima 13th Torihama-cho, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Inside Fujikawa Building Materials Co., Ltd. (72) Yoshinobu Kumakawa 4-28 Kitahama, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka No. Sumitomo Forestry Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2E001 DA01 DB02 DB05 DD01 DD02 DE01 DH35 DH39 EA06 EA09 FA04 GA06 GA12 GA25 GA29 GA32 GA42 GA76 HA01 HD02 HF12 JA06 JA12 JD05 LA04 LA12 LA16 NB01 NC01 ND15 ND17 ND23 ND26

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A waterproof paper and an iron mesh, or an iron mesh with a waterproof paper so that a ventilation layer capable of external ventilation can be formed outside a phenolic heat insulating material having self-extinguishing properties disposed on an outer wall of a building. After applying a lightweight cement mortar, pressing and burying the net material on the surface or inside of the entire wall, or on the surface or inside of a part of the wall, finish construction is carried out. Outside insulation ventilation method. 2. The phenolic heat-insulating material has a high closed-cell rate by combining a phenolic resin for foaming and a foaming gas having a low thermal conductivity, and has both high heat-insulating performance and flame-retardant performance. 4. A method for wet outside heat insulation and ventilation of a building according to 1. 3. The phenolic heat insulating material has a thickness of 15 to 3 mm.
The wet outside heat insulation and ventilation method for a building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the diameter is 00 mm. 4. The outer wall surface of a phenolic heat insulating material and / or
Or foaming refractory paint 200 ~
Wet Exterior Insulation ventilation method of building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that 2000 g / m ² Nurigi. 5. A method in which a ventilation layer having a thickness of 5 to 30 mm is provided on the outer side of a skeleton wall, air is taken in from a wall contact portion of a base top or a shed, and air is evacuated from an eaves sky and / or a ridge portion. 5. The wet outside heat-insulating ventilation method for a building according to claim 1, wherein: 6. The air-permeable layer is formed by attaching a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet to the outside of the skeleton wall and attaching a body edge having a thickness of 5 to 30 mm at appropriate intervals. 4. A method for wet outside heat insulation ventilation of a building according to claim 1. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein an auxiliary body edge is attached between the body edges. 8. The auxiliary body edge has a length of 300 to 3000 mm.
The method according to claim 7, wherein the method is attached with a tucker nail, a staple, a double-sided adhesive tape, or an adhesive. 9. The composition of the lightweight cement mortar is 20 to 60% by weight of cement, 20 to 60% by weight of an inorganic admixture,
The organic admixture is 2 to 10% by weight, and the unit volume mass at the time of kneading is 0.9 to 1.8.
The wet outside heat-insulating ventilation method for a building according to any one of claims 1 to 8.