JP2002205907A - Method for growing plant in soil infected with helicobasidium mompa germ - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily and exactly prevent and treat Helicobasidium mompa soil disease that infests all over the farmland in Japan, cannot be soundly exterminated despite a lot of time and labor when once the crop field is attacked with the disease, and the crop plants are gradually weakened until standing decayed with extreme aggravation of the productive efficiency. SOLUTION: Powdered stevia or stevia extract liquid is applied to the soil infected with Helicobasidium mompa disease or the stevia extract liquid is diluted with water and the plants are sprayed with the diluted liquid on their leaf surfaces and stems once or twice. In the case of fruit trees already infected with the mompa disease, the soil under the infected tree is dug out and the decayed roots are removed, and the main stem infested with the disease and the treated main stem are coated with an adhesive to which the stevia extract liquid is formulated and the dug-out part is refilled with the soil to which sufficient amounts of organic compost and the powdery stevia or extract liquid are formulated. Later, the plant is sprinkled with the stevia extract liquid diluted with water on the leaf surfaces and the stem.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method of growing vigorously on a soil infected with Monpa bacteria without causing disease, and a method of treating an already infected tree without dying as it is and recovering its vigor. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The fungus of Monpa disease is fusariu
m) is considered. This fungus is positioned as a root-dwelling parasite, showing specific parasitic relationships with specific plants,
It survives for a long time and has high resistance to fungicides. Although the damage is currently spreading, it is difficult to control and there is no effective countermeasure. In vegetables, tomato wilt, eggplant semi-wilt, radish yellow rot, watermelon vine disease,
Cucumber vine disease is caused by Monpa bacteria.
Grapes, persimmons, pears, apples, cherries and the like are particularly damaged in trees, especially fruit trees. In fruit trees, generally young and vigorous trees are hardly infected, and even if infected, they are hardly infected. When Monpa disease develops in a tree where a large amount of fruit is obtained for 10 to 15 years or more, the obtained fruit is reduced year by year, the taste is reduced, and the tree becomes dead.

[0003] When the root of a bacterium is first invaded by a hypha, the damage of the root of the above-ground part corresponding to the damage is lost. Specifically, the fallen leaves are premature, the elongation of the branches is weakened, the weak branches begin to wither, the fruits fall off during growth and eventually wither. At first, the fine roots are invaded, and finally, the lower trunk is laid. Monpa bacteria include white monpa and purple monpa, and the present invention is effective for both.

[0004] Although the conventional state of progress of Monpa disease and countermeasures differ depending on the plant, a pear is taken as an example, and the description will be made separately for the initial, middle and late stages. Early: A state where you noticed that you had Monpa disease. In this state, measures are taken to restore the vigor, so that all the flowers are caught and fruits are not added, and at the same time, a large amount of ripe compost is applied. In addition, Monpa bacteria are vulnerable to acid, so the wood vinegar diluted with water is poured around the roots. Mid-term …… It is likely to wither if left as is. The countermeasure in this state is to excavate the root to a depth of about 30 cm and cut off the dead diseased part. A commercially available bactericidal agent (trade name, TOPSI M, benrate, etc.) is uniformly mixed in a bond for woodworking, or a commercially available TOPSI M paste having the same effect is applied to the shaved area, and from this area, Stop the invasion of Monpa bacteria. Commercially available FUJIWAN (trade name, floniside FC + chitosan), which has a disinfecting and rooting action and is widely used as a rice rooting agent, is mixed with soil to backfill the roots. Late stage …… It will always die. In this state, the trees are cut down, the roots are dug up and discarded. However, in the case of a young tree or an important tree that you want to keep, cut off the branches and repeat the measures for the medium term to wait for the tree to recover. However, in reality, it was often wasted.

[0005]

As described above, even a complicated treatment often results in death, in which case the soil is completely infested with Monpa. Therefore, all excavated roots are incinerated and the soil is disinfected with a powerful fungicide such as chloropicrin. As a result, useful microorganisms are also killed, so it is necessary to start soil formation from the beginning by adding a large amount of ripe compost or compost mixed with lime nitrogen. For such hard-to-kill Monpa bacteria, it suppresses the power of Monpa bacteria and gives plants the ability to root even if Monpa bacteria are present and the ability to vigorously protrude fine roots even when Monpa disease is affected. Drugs to be applied have been required.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the constitution of the present invention is to apply a stevia powder or a stevia extract to a soil infected with Monpa or to dilute the stevia extract with water. It is characterized by spraying it on the foliage once or twice more. For already infected fruit trees and trees, dig the soil under the trees affected by Monpa bacteria,
Remove the roots affected by Monpa bacteria, scrape off the lower trunk affected by Monpa bacteria, coat the main trunk with an adhesive containing Stevia extract, and supply a sufficient amount of compost and Stevia powder or Stevia extract. Backfilled soil with
It is characterized in that Stevia extract is diluted several tens to several hundred times with water and sprayed on leaves.

[0007] That is, the present invention suppresses the growth of Monpa bacteria and imparts rooting power to a plant that is not defeated by Monpa bacteria when plants are grown on soil infected with Monpa bacteria. Mix the extract. This alone can suppress the occurrence of eggplant semi-blight and tomato wilt. Furthermore, it can be prevented almost completely by diluting the extract of Stevia about 500 times and spraying it on the soil, or by spraying the foliage after growth. In the case of a tree, if the vigor is particularly weak, the soil is dug up by about 30 cm. If the tree is invaded to the main trunk, the trunk is cut off and covered with a woodwork bond. This woodworking bond is blended with a relatively thick stevia extract. Again, cover the soil with a large amount of fully matured compost, dilute Stevia extract to about 500 times, and irrigate the soil. One year later, Monpa bacteria exist, but vigorous fine roots are generated and the tree vigor recovers in one year. I do. This effect is considered to be due to the effect of reducing the propagation of Monpa bacteria and the effect of increasing useful bacteria, which are contained in Stevia powder and Stevia extract. Since Monpa is a slow-growing fungus, the roots of the plant can eliminate the weak Monpa and extend the fine roots.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Stevia in the present invention is a perennial plant of the family Asteraceae native to South America, Stevia. Rebaudiana. Bertoni (Stevia rebaudiana bertoni) and related plants. As a result of the experiment, the active ingredient is contained abundantly in the leaves and stems, especially in the stems before buds and in the leaves and stems of mature plants, but also in the roots, flowers, and young plants. Confirmed that. The stevia powder in the present invention is a powder obtained by drying the whole plant tissue of stevia, or a powder obtained by re-granulating the powder. Furthermore,
The stevia extract is a liquid obtained by subjecting a plant tissue of stevia to boiling extraction, hot water extraction, fermentation aging, or the like, and extracting a water-soluble component to a solid concentration of about 15%. Fermented when left to release carbon dioxide, the commercial product is an extract after fermentation. By diluting this stock solution 100-1000 times and spraying it on the soil, Monpa bacteria can be further weakened.

When the stevia powder is applied to the soil, 1 to 20 kg / counter is plowed into the soil depending on the degree of infection. Alternatively, the same effect can be obtained by spraying on the soil and sufficiently irrigating from above. The use of large quantities of good quality compost can reduce the amount of stevia powder used. Plow into the soil together with the compost, and plant the vegetables here. Monpa bacteria are 1 ~
Although it does not die in two years, it can grow crops without evil. In the same manner as above, by injecting the compost and the stevia powder in the same manner, even if the use amount of the stevia powder and the compost is reduced, there is no damage caused by the monpa disease, and the monpa bacteria itself gradually decreases.

[0010] Instead of or simultaneously with the stevia powder, a stevia extract may be used. In this case, a commercially available undiluted solution (manufactured by JBB, firm A, solid concentration: about 15%), which is a hot water extract of Stevia, can be diluted 100 to 1000 times and then subjected to soil irrigation. Plant more plants,
After the leaves have been prepared, the stock solution is diluted 100-1000 times, preferably 300-700 times, and 100-500
It can be sprayed at a rate of 1 liter / anti. The foliar spraying may be performed once, or may be performed twice or more at intervals of 7 to 10 days or more.

When the fruit tree is infested with Monpa, the soil around the trunk is dug out 20-40 cm as a treatment. In general, roots and fine roots have developed just below the places where the tree branches are growing and the leaves are growing. Therefore, all the soil under the part where the tree branches are growing is raised. After removing the roots affected by Monpa disease, the excavated soil is mixed with sufficient high quality compost and backfilled.
Stevia stock solution diluted 100- to 1000-fold with water is sufficiently drenched in the soil. Or, add 1 to the backfill soil
20 kg / anti-stevia powder may be blended, and when both are used together, a further effect is obtained.

When Monpa disease progresses and reaches the middle to late stages, when the soil around the main trunk is removed, lesions of the main trunk are observed (whitening due to decay, purple). The lesion is cut out and an adhesive is used to prevent the subsequent invasion of Monpa. The adhesive is not particularly limited, but a commercially available woodworking bond having excellent adhesion to wood is preferred.
Stevia extract is mixed with the undiluted solution or diluted 10 times or less with the woodwork bond to cover the shaved portion of the main trunk, thereby preventing invasion of Monpa bacterium by the stevia.
Subsequent processing is the same as in the case described above. Treatment of tree roots during dormancy after leaf fall and before the movement of spring roots can provide good results with less burden on the tree.

The annual vegetables can be expected to yield the same or higher yields as uninfected soil, even if the soil is infected with Monpa bacteria, if cultivated with preventive measures. In fruit trees, it takes many years to grow before fruiting a large amount of fruit, so even if the symptoms of Monpa disease are in the middle or late stage, the fruiting of 1-2 years will be stopped. By treating with the method of the present invention,
It can be treated so that a higher harvest than before can be expected. The prevention and treatment according to the present invention do not reduce useful bacteria such as soil microorganisms, but rather increase them significantly, thus increasing the yield.

[0014]

EXAMPLES Example 1 Due to Monpa disease, the amount of leaves is 1 / of the healthy pear tree adjacent.
The experiment was carried out on a 16-year-old pear tree with undergrowth to reduce the number to about 5, many branches died, and no fruit was formed. If this tree is left as it is, it will inevitably die, and it will take several years to recover even with the latter treatment, and the probability of success will be small.

[0015] One month after the fall of leaves, the roots that are thought to have been affected by the bacterium Monpa have a radius of 2.5 mm from the trunk.
The soil within 10 m was excavated to a depth of about 30 cm, and the roots exposed to Monpa were removed. Symptoms also spread to the main trunk, and about 1/4 of the trunk diameter was decayed white, so this site was scraped off. A commercially available bond for woodworking was mixed with 3% of an undiluted solution of stevia water extract, mixed well, and applied to the shaved surface for protection. 70 kg of fine compost and 1.5 g of stevia powder produced by blending Stevia powder from JA Ashikita were mixed well with the excavated soil to cover the soil. After covering the soil, the stevia extract was further diluted 400 times with water, and 70 liters thereof were irrigated into the treated soil. The flower buds were left as they were, the flower buds were plucked, and fruits were not produced, and a 1000-fold water dilution of Stevia extract was sprayed on the leaves and stems in July and August at a ratio of 1000 liter / 10a. More than half of the stevia diluent fell to the ground and had the same effect as soil spraying.

On December 1, one year or more later,
The presence of Monpa bacteria was confirmed in roots and soil, but the amount was significantly reduced. Many new roots were generated from the whole roots of the tree despite the presence of Monpa, and the thick ones reached 1 cm in diameter. Furthermore, there were countless fine roots from the new root. Reflecting such a state of the roots, sprout spurts out of the main trunk and sub-main trunks, and the tension of the branches and the development of the leaves have been remarkably recovered.
After the trees have fully recovered, they will bear fruit.

Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 White monpa disease occurred in a 15-year-old pear (Kosui) field, resulting in poor growth and low yield. I tried to cure this pear field. At the end of May, 5 kg / anti-stevia powder was sprayed on the soil and sufficiently watered. June 20 (in rainy season), 7
Of Stevia extract on March 15, July 24 and August 5
The 00-fold dilution was sprayed onto the foliage at a rate of 250 liters / counter.

As a comparative example 1, 10 trees of the pear field (the most vigorous tree) of the 26-year-old who were not affected by white monpa disease,
Ten pears (averagely affected trees) were selected as Example 2 from a 15-year-old pear field affected by white monpa disease and treated as above, and the elongation, sugar content, hardness and taste were compared. .
Table 1 shows the ball growth on July 30 (about 10 days before the harvest).

[0019]

[Table 1]

As shown in Table 1, the average diameter of the tree of Example 2 was 3.4 mm from the tree of Example 2 in which the yield decreased due to white monpa disease.
A fruit 2.4 mm in length was obtained. The hardness was measured using a hardness tester in the order of top, bottom, left, and right. The average of tree 1 was 3.5 kg, 3.7 kg, and 2.8 kg in Example 2.
3.3 kg, Comparative Example 1 ... 2.0 kg, 2.4 kg, 2.0 kg,
2.1 kg. The average of the tree 2 is: Example 2 2.8 kg, 3.1 kg, 2.8 kg,
2.9 kg, Comparative Example 1 ... 2.7 kg, 2.8 kg, 2.6 kg,
It was 2.7 kg. Sugar content and texture were measured for the intermediate samples for Tree Nos. 1 and 2, and are shown in Table 2.

[0021]

[Table 2]

[0022]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, the plants are violent in Japan, and once they occur, they cannot be reliably destroyed even if they are troublesome, and gradually weaken the plants, eventually leading to withering and production. It has become possible to easily and surely prevent and treat Monpa's disease, whose efficiency has been extremely deteriorated.

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A method of growing plants in soil infected with Monpa bacteria, which comprises applying Stevia powder or stevia extract to soil infected with Monpa bacteria. 2. A method for growing a plant in soil infected with Monpa fungus, comprising diluting a stevia extract with water to a plant growing on soil infected with Monpa fungus and spraying the solution on leaves. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of diluting the extract of Stevia with water and spraying it on leaves is performed twice or more at intervals of 7 days or more. How to grow plants. 4. Excavating the soil under the tree affected by Monpa and removing roots and trunks affected by Monpa.
A method for treating a plant infected with Monpa bacteria, which comprises backfilling soil containing a sufficient amount of compost and stevia powder or stevia extract. 5. Excavating the soil under the tree affected by Monpa and removing the root and trunk portions affected by Monpa.
A method for treating a plant infected with Monpa bacteria, which comprises backfilling soil containing sufficient compost, irrigating a water dilution of stevia extract, and moistening the soil with a water dilution of stevia extract. 6. A method of digging soil under a tree affected by Monpa bacteria, shaving off a main trunk affected by Monpa bacteria, and coating the main trunk with an adhesive containing a stevia extract. The method for treating a plant infected with Monpa bacteria according to claim 4 or 5. 7. The method for treating a plant infected with Monpa bacteria according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the stevia extract is diluted with water and sprayed on leaves. 8. The plant in the soil infected with Monpa bacteria according to claim 7, wherein the operation of diluting the stevia extract with water and spraying the solution on the leaf surface is performed twice or more at intervals of 7 days or more. Training method.