JP2002192470A - Grinding wheel tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cup wheel-shaped grinding wheel tool keeping strength even if the thickness of the grinding wheel is thin, resisting wear, and provided with grinding wheel members on three surfaces of a front surface, a back surface, and a side surface. SOLUTION: This grinding wheel tool 10 has a cup wheel shape. A grinding wheel attaching surface portion is provided with grinding wheel members at a front surface attaching portion 2, a back surface attaching portion 3, and a side surface attaching portion 4, and comprises plural penetrating holes, 5 provided so as to penetrate the grinding wheel members and the grinding wheel attaching portion.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grindstone tool having diamond particles or hard particles for polishing and grinding a work material, and more particularly to a grindstone tool excellent in operability.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a cup wheel type resin bond grindstone tool has been known as a grindstone for polishing and grinding for a hand grinder. The features of this resin bond whetstone are
Hard particles are mixed into uncured resin, molded into a cup wheel mold, and then heated to cure the resin. Therefore, it is easy to use and widely manufactured and sold as a grindstone tool having hard particles on three surfaces, a front surface, a back surface, and a side surface.

[0003]

However, in the resin bonding layer, the hard particles fall off quickly due to insufficient strength and wear quickly. In addition, there is a problem that high-speed grinding cannot be performed due to insufficient strength. Furthermore, there was a problem that the thickness of the grindstone was too large to use. Then, this invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned problem, and aims at providing a whetstone tool which is thin, has strength, is hard to be worn, and has hard particles on three sides of a front surface, a back surface, and a side surface. And

[0004]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a whetstone tool according to the present invention, comprising: a flat portion disposed at a center position; A cup wheel type grinding wheel tool comprising: a metal substrate having a grinding wheel mounting portion continuous at a predetermined width on a periphery of the rising portion; and a grinding wheel member provided on the grinding wheel mounting portion of the metal substrate, wherein the grinding wheel mounting portion The front side mounting portion, the back side mounting portion, and the grinding wheel member is provided in the side surface mounting portion,
It has a configuration characterized by having a plurality of through holes provided so as to penetrate the grindstone member and the grindstone mounting portion.

[0005] As described above, by forming the grinding wheel mounting portion on the three surfaces of the front surface, the back surface, and the side surface of the metal substrate (steel base material for the grinding wheel), the grinding wheel tool is thin, strong, and hard to be worn. In addition, by properly using the grindstone members provided on the three surfaces, it is not necessary to change a grindstone tool during polishing and grinding operations, which is convenient for heavy objects such as cast parts. further,
Since it is not necessary to reverse the heavy object, it is possible to save labor for changing the grinding wheel tool and for reversing the workpiece. Here, the grindstone member refers to diamond (hereinafter referred to as diamond), CBN, cemented carbide steel, or the like. Further, the processing target is not limited to a heavy cast part, but also includes a workpiece that cannot be inverted, such as a welded piece of a stone or steel.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1A is a plan view of a grindstone tool 10 in which diamond particles 7 are uniformly arranged. The diamond particles 7 are uniformly arranged on the front surface, the side surface, and the back surface. With regard to the uniform arrangement of the diamond particles 7, the jigs described later can be used to uniformly arrange the diamond particles 7. A plurality of through holes 5 are provided around the mounting hole 6. This suppresses the rise due to the polishing heat, and enhances the cooling effect by air. FIG.
FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the grindstone tool 10. The whetstone mounting portion is composed of the front surface mounting portion 2, the back surface mounting portion 3, and the side surface mounting portion 4, and only the front surface mounting portion 2 has been described so far. The addition has the following effects. The back-mounting portion 3 enables polishing of the jaw, which could not be performed without turning the workpiece upside down. Due to the side surface mounting portion 4, a portion where the surface mounting portion 2 could not be polished due to interference is formed.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view for explaining how to use a grindstone tool for each part when, for example, polishing a workpiece which is a casting part. (A) is a usage example in which the grindstone tool 10 is fixed to the grindstone mounting portion of the hand grinder 12 and the jaw portion a ′ is polished using the back surface mounting portion 3. In this case, in order to polish the jaw portion a ′ using the front surface mounting portion 2, it is impossible to turn the work or the grindstone tool upside down, but it is possible to polish using the rear surface mounting portion 3. (B) is an example in which polishing is performed using the surface mounting portion 2 in a general usage. (C) is a usage example in which the lower portion c ′ is polished using the side surface mounting portion 4 of the grinding wheel tool. The side mounting portion 4 can polish a portion that could not be polished due to interference with the front mounting portion 2. (D) is an example in which polishing is performed using the surface mounting portion 2. (E) is the back surface mounting portion 3
This is a usage example in which the jaw portion and the corner e ′ are polished by using the side and the side mounting portion 4. In this manner, the polishing operation can be performed without changing the grinding wheel tool and without turning over the workpiece.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As a working example of the grinding wheel tool of the present invention, a manufacturing method will be described. The grinding wheel tool of the present invention is manufactured by the following fusion method. The outline of the process is to chemically or physically apply a surface treatment to the grindstone tip mounting portion of the steel substrate for the grindstone, apply a mixture obtained by mixing the organic glue and the self-fluxing alloy powder to the grindstone tip mounting portion, After the diamond particles are evenly dispersed and the protrusion amount of the diamond particles is adjusted by the protrusion amount adjusting means, the particles are dried, and then heated to a temperature of 950 to 1150 ° C. in a non-oxidizing atmosphere (for example, an inert atmosphere or vacuum). Then, the diamond particles are fixed to the steel substrate for the grinding wheel by fusion of the self-fluxing alloy, and the cooling is completed by slow cooling.

Hereinafter, the above-mentioned manufacturing process will be described in detail.
A metal substrate for a grinding wheel (hereinafter referred to as a steel substrate) used in a grinding tool is a cold-rolled steel plate (SPCC material) having a thickness of 1.6 m.
m, but in addition to this, rolled steel for general structures (S
S), carbon steel for machine structure (SC), special steel (SCM)
Material), carbon tool steel (SK material), stainless steel (SUS
) May be selected for steel substrates. The steel substrate is formed into a cup wheel shape for grinding with a diameter of 100 mm by, for example, press working.

In the surface treatment step, the surface of the steel base material is degreased and washed, and is subjected to a surface treatment for forming irregularities such that an organic glue described later is easily adhered by a chemical agent. Or, as a physical surface treatment, a grain size of 2
A blast treatment of spraying alumina abrasive grains of No. 4 at a pressure of 0.59 MPa for 5 minutes may be performed, or a chemical treatment and a physical treatment may be performed together.

In the step of applying the organic paste, the organic paste is applied alone to the diamond particle attachment portion of the steel base, or the organic paste and the self-fluxing alloy powder are mixed and applied as a mixture. . When using the organic paste alone, the self-fluxing alloy powder is applied to the steel substrate before being sprayed. At this time, the organic paste is desirably applied to a uniform thickness, and the uniform thickness allows the self-fluxing alloy powder described later to adhere to the organic paste in a uniform state.

The organic paste used herein includes methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose,
When cellulose ether is used in hydroxyethyl methylcellulose and the like, particularly, high viscosity and high elasticity are exhibited according to the dilution concentration, workability is good, and diamond particle retention is good.

[0013] When the self-fluxing alloy powder is used alone, it is sprayed on a steel substrate after the organic paste is applied. When spraying the self-fluxing alloy powder, a spraying frame is used so as to surround the spraying position. When the self-fluxing alloy powder is sprayed after the organic paste is applied, the self-fluxing alloy powder can be uniformly sprayed even if there is an angled portion such as an edge portion of the steel base material. Further, when the self-fluxing alloy powder is sprinkled after the diamond particles are sprinkled, it is possible to minimize the excessive absorption of the organic glue by the self-fluxing alloy powder.

The self-fluxing alloy powder used here includes:
Nickel-based self-fluxing alloy may be used.
6% by mass, silicon 4% by mass, boron 4% by mass, iron 4% by mass,
It contains 2.4% by weight of copper, 2.4% by weight of molybdenum, 2.4% by weight of tungsten and 0.5% by weight of carbon, with the balance being nickel. It may be mixed with a commercially available atomized powder of a nickel-based self-fluxing alloy which has been pre-alloyed and applied using an injection machine such as a dispenser.

The self-fluxing alloy powder may be a nickel-based self-fluxing alloy or a cobalt-based powder obtained by adding silicon and boron. For example, the content of the cobalt-based self-fluxing alloy is 10 to 20% by mass of chromium, 2 to 5% by mass of silicon, and 2 to 5% by mass of boron.
5 mass%, iron 5 mass% or less, copper 2-4 mass%, molybdenum 2-4 mass%, tungsten 2-4 mass%, carbon 0.
It is a cobalt-based self-fluxing alloy comprising 3 to 1% by mass and 10 to 20% by mass of nickel and the balance being cobalt, and it is convenient to use within this range.

[0016] The reason is that chromium in the self-fluxing alloy improves hardness and abrasion resistance in combination with nickel or cobalt, but the self-fluxing alloy used particularly enhances chemical reactivity and wettability. It is meaningful to improve sex. If chromium is less than 5%, these effects cannot be expected much, and if it exceeds 29%, these effects cannot be expected. The oxide of silicon and boron, which is generated by heating, acts as a flux (improves the wettability) and lowers the melting point of the fusion metal. Therefore, the fluidity is increased, and the wettability and the fusion property to the diamond particles are improved. The effect is small at 2% or less, and the effect cannot be expected much at 5% or more.

Copper in the self-fluxing alloy has the effect of lowering the melting point of the molten alloy and improving the wettability of diamond particles, and molybdenum is dispersed as an aggregate and becomes a liquid phase during fusion heating. Prevents excessive flow of molten alloy and prevents movement of abrasive grains. Further, molybdenum in the self-fluxing alloy exhibits a lubricating effect when used as a grinding wheel tool, and exhibits an effect as an active filler. This copper and molybdenum are each 2%
If it is less than 5%, the effect cannot be expected, and even if it exceeds 5%, the effect cannot be expected to be improved as much as added.

Tungsten in the self-fluxing alloy is
It exhibits effective wear resistance improvement within the above component range, and iron and carbon often enter as impurities, but this carbon forms a compound with chromium and is finely dispersed in the alloy to improve strength. It also has an effect. In addition, cobalt in the self-fluxing alloy has an effect of improving heat resistance in addition to improving the wear resistance of the alloy within the above component range, and is advantageous for difficult-to-cut materials with relatively high heat generation. .

Next, in the step of uniformly dispersing the diamond particles, the diamond particles are uniformly dispersed through a uniform arrangement adjusting means except for using the mixture. The diamond particles used here are bare diamonds having no coating film on the surface. And the diamond particles have a particle size of 40
Although a size of ~ 50 is used, other sizes may be used depending on the form of the grinding tool.

In the method of dispersing diamond particles, first, a thin jig (diamond installation plate) having holes slightly larger than the diamond particle diameter and provided at uniform intervals is prepared so as to obtain a uniform arrangement. The production of the diamond mounting plate may be performed by an etching method, laser processing, a processing method using a drill, or the like. The means for adjusting the arrangement of the diamond particles can be realized by passing through the holes of the diamond installation plate.

The rules for arranging the diamond particles are not particularly limited. However, the diamond particles may be arranged in a lattice shape at a corner of a square or at a corner of an equilateral triangle. As for the timing of dispersing the diamond particles, the mixture of the organic paste and the self-fluxing alloy powder is applied, and then the diamond particles are dispersed.

Next, the step of adjusting the projection amount of the diamond particles will be described. Adjustment of the projection amount of the diamond particles is performed by pressing the tip of the diamond particles with a jig. The jig has a plate shape along the diamond particle supporting surface of the steel base material, and the material is not particularly limited, but it is convenient to use a metal material. Here, a jig in which iron was coated with nickel was used. At this time, the applied thickness of the self-fluxing alloy is important. That is, since the self-fluxing alloy eventually holds the diamond particles, the protrusion amount of the diamond particles is determined by the applied thickness of the self-fluxing alloy.

When the jig is used, after the diamond particles are scattered and disposed, the diamond particles are pressed against the steel base by the jig, and the diamond particles are held by the self-fluxing alloy. The thickness of the mixture of the organic paste and the self-fluxing alloy can be adjusted by changing the thickness of the coating frame used when applying the mixture of the organic paste and the self-fluxing alloy.

The projection amount of the diamond particles greatly affects the holding power, durability and sharpness of the diamond particles. The relationship between the protrusion amount of the diamond particles and the holding force is such that the larger the protrusion amount of the diamond particles, the lower the holding force, and the smaller the protrusion amount, the stronger the holding force. The diamond particles are cubic octahedral crystals, and the amount of protrusion is preferably about 30% of the diamond particle size. I can't. Similarly, when the content is 20% or less, the holding power is strong, but the sharpness is deteriorated, which is not appropriate.

Next, the drying step is performed at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes.
Hold for minutes and dry the organic glue. The step of drying is not particularly limited as long as the organic paste can be dried appropriately.

The subsequent heating step is 87 hours in 2 hours.
Heating to 0 ° C. to volatilize and remove the organic paste sufficiently;
Next, the temperature is maintained at 870 ° C. for 30 minutes to stabilize the composition of the self-fluxing alloy, and thereafter, the temperature is raised to 1100 ° C. in 15 minutes to melt the self-fluxing alloy.
Hold for a minute.

The reason is that if the heating temperature is lower than 900 ° C., the fusion between the self-fluxing alloy powder and the diamond particles is insufficient, and the retention of the particles is poor. Excessive flow of the molten alloy deteriorates the retention of particles, and when the steel substrate contains iron, the iron reacts with the carbon of the diamond particles to easily produce fragile cementite. This is because it may disappear.

It is to be noted that oxygen is harmful during the fusion heating of a binder such as a self-fluxing alloy, and the surface of the abrasive grains is oxidized even by the presence of a small amount of oxygen. In the case of diamond particles, graphitization is further promoted and fusion is inhibited. To prevent this, it is effective to introduce an argon gas or a hydrogen gas to make the atmosphere non-oxidizing.

In this case, in particular, when introducing substitution,
By intervening the vacuum suction step and minimizing the remaining of oxygen, the effect after the fusion heating is further improved. When a vacuum atmosphere is used as the non-oxidizing atmosphere, the degree of vacuum in the heat treatment furnace is set to 1.3 × 10 ^{−2 to} 6.
A high degree of vacuum of 5 × 10 ⁻³ Pa is preferable, and if the degree of vacuum falls below this range, the oxidation of the abrasive grains is insufficiently prevented.

In the final cooling step, the furnace is cooled to room temperature in a vacuum atmosphere in a heat treatment furnace to obtain a diamond wheel polishing cup wheel holding diamond particles in a single layer. That is, the self-fluxing alloy is fused to the steel base material, wets the diamond particles in a swelling manner, and obtains a grinding stone tool chemically fused and fixed to the diamond particles.

However, since the grinding wheel tool cooled rapidly in the cooling process generates distortion in the steel base material and may run out when used as a product, it is gradually cooled from the heating temperature, and if possible, It is preferable to perform in-furnace cooling (gradual cooling) of gradually cooling from a heating temperature as it is in a non-oxidizing atmosphere such as a vacuum of a heat treatment furnace.

[0032]

As described in detail above, the grindstone tool of the present invention has the following effects. 1. Metal blade (steel base for grinding wheel)
By fusing diamond particles on the front surface, the back surface, and the side surface of the peripheral edge so as to surround, it is possible to provide a grinding tool having a small thickness and a high strength even though it is thin. 2. The diamond particles are fused to the front, back and side surfaces so as to surround the base of the grindstone tool, so the diamond particles have strong holding power and can be polished and ground at any position. As a result, it is possible to minimize the reversal work of the workpiece. 3. By providing the cutting edge mounting portion of the whetstone tool on the back surface and the side surface in addition to the front surface, polishing and grinding work can be performed at any place such as a flat surface, a curved surface, and a downward surface. 4. By using the front, side, and back of the grinding wheel tool,
Polishing and grinding operations can be performed with a single grinding wheel tool without replacing the grinding wheel tool, so that it is possible to save labor for replacing the grinding wheel tool.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a grindstone tool of the present invention, wherein (a) is a plan view,
(B) is a sectional view thereof.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an example of use of the grindstone tool of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Metal base material (steel base material for grindstones) 2 Surface mounting part 3 Backside mounting part 4 Side mounting part 5 Through hole 6 Mounting hole 7 Diamond particles 10 Grinding stone tool 12 Hand grinder

Claims (1)

[Claims] A flat portion disposed at a central position; a rising portion rising from a peripheral edge of the flat portion at a predetermined angle;
A cup wheel type grinding wheel tool comprising: a metal substrate having a grinding wheel mounting portion continuous at a predetermined width on a periphery of the rising portion; and a grinding wheel member provided on the grinding wheel mounting portion of the metal substrate, wherein the grinding wheel mounting portion Is a front surface mounting portion, a rear surface mounting portion,
A whetstone tool, wherein the whetstone member is provided on a side surface mounting portion and a plurality of through holes are provided so as to penetrate the whetstone member and the whetstone mounting portion.