JP2002139443A - Quality discrimination apparatus for grain, etc. - Google Patents
Quality discrimination apparatus for grain, etc.Info
- Publication number
- JP2002139443A JP2002139443A JP2000333431A JP2000333431A JP2002139443A JP 2002139443 A JP2002139443 A JP 2002139443A JP 2000333431 A JP2000333431 A JP 2000333431A JP 2000333431 A JP2000333431 A JP 2000333431A JP 2002139443 A JP2002139443 A JP 2002139443A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- grain
- light
- quality
- grains
- image sensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Abstract
Description
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、穀粒等に光を照射
して、その反射光又は散乱透過光により穀粒等の品質を
判定する穀粒等の品質判別装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grain or the like quality discriminating apparatus for irradiating a grain or the like with light and judging the quality of the grain or the like based on reflected light or scattered transmitted light.
【従来の技術】従来、米粒に光を照射して、その透過光
又は反射光を測定することによりその米粒の胴割や亀裂
等の欠陥を判別する米粒判別装置は、例えば、特開平１
０−２８８５８２号公報にて知られている。図４は、そ
のような従来の米粒判別装置を示すものである。図４に
おいて、透明部材５８の上部に穀粒Ｇを収容する多数の
くぼみ７２が設けられた光不透過部材である回転板７１
を備え、この回転板７１が回転して順番にくぼみ７２が
光学的測定箇所に到来し、くぼみ７２に載置された穀粒
Ｇを測定する。試料である穀粒Ｇを測定するときには、
標準板ホルダ５９を実線で示された位置Ａに移動して、
標準板ホルダ５９の測定用開口６０が穀粒Ｇの真下に位
置されるようにする。これにより、光照射部７７、７８
からの光は穀粒Ｇに照射され、その反射光又は透過光は
各検出器８９、８９で受光されて光学的測定が行われ
る。一方、この米粒判別装置おいて、光学測定系の補正
のために標準板６１自身を測定するときは、標準板ホル
ダ５９をエアシリンダ６２等の駆動手段で破線で示され
た位置Ｂに移動する。これにより、標準板６１が測定位
置にくるから、光照射部７７、７８からの光の標準板６
１による反射光又は透過光を各検出器８９、８９で測定
することができる。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a rice grain discriminating apparatus that irradiates rice grains with light and measures transmitted light or reflected light to determine defects such as cracks and cracks of the rice grains is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei.
It is known from Japanese Patent Publication No. 0-288858. FIG. 4 shows such a conventional rice grain discriminating apparatus. In FIG. 4, a rotating plate 71 which is a light-impermeable member provided with a large number of depressions 72 for accommodating grains G above a transparent member 58.
The rotating plate 71 rotates, and the depressions 72 arrive at the optical measurement points in order, and the grain G placed in the depressions 72 is measured. When measuring grain G, which is a sample,
Move the standard plate holder 59 to the position A shown by the solid line,
The measurement opening 60 of the standard plate holder 59 is positioned directly below the grain G. Thereby, the light irradiation units 77 and 78
Is irradiated on the grain G, and the reflected light or transmitted light thereof is received by each of the detectors 89, 89, and optical measurement is performed. On the other hand, in this rice grain discriminating apparatus, when measuring the standard plate 61 itself for correction of the optical measurement system, the standard plate holder 59 is moved to the position B indicated by the broken line by the driving means such as the air cylinder 62. . Thereby, since the standard plate 61 comes to the measurement position, the standard plate 6 of the light from the light irradiation units 77 and 78
The light reflected or transmitted by 1 can be measured by each detector 89,89.
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、前記従来装置
の場合、一つのＲＧＢセンサからなる検出器８９、８９
により穀粒Ｇ全体の色調情報を収集しているため、穀粒
Ｇの部分的な色調情報を得ることができない。また、光
照射部７７、７８の光源としてランプ使用しているた
め、ランプの劣化や断線の惧れがある。そこで、本発明
は、操作が簡略で、穀粒等の部分着色粒等の判別が可能
であり、形状や寸法の測定も可能であり、１粒当たりの
判別時間が短い穀粒等の品質判別装置を提供することを
主目的とするものである。However, in the case of the above-mentioned conventional apparatus, the detectors 89, 89 comprising one RGB sensor are required.
Thus, since the color tone information of the entire grain G is collected, partial color tone information of the grain G cannot be obtained. Further, since a lamp is used as a light source for the light irradiation units 77 and 78, the lamp may be deteriorated or disconnected. Therefore, the present invention is simple in operation, can distinguish partially colored grains such as grains, can measure the shape and dimensions, and can determine the quality of grains and the like having a short discrimination time per grain. It is intended to provide a device.
【課題を解決するための手段】請求項１記載の発明は、
穀粒等に光源からの光を照射して、その穀粒等からの反
射光又は透過光を検出し分析してその穀粒等の品質を判
定する穀粒等の品質判別装置であって、穀粒等からの反
射光又は透過光をカラーラインイメージセンサに結像さ
せる結像光学系を具備し、カラーラインイメージセンサ
から出力される時系列データを取得して穀粒等の１粒ご
との画像データを取得し、その画像データを演算処理す
ることにより、穀粒等の品質を判別する演算処理部とを
有することを特徴とするものである。この構成により、
部分的な色調情報を採取し、部分着色粒等の判別が可能
となる。また、穀粒等の画像情報が得られるので、形状
や寸法が測定可能となり、奇形粒や砕粒の判別が可能と
なる。更に逐次、ラインごとの画像データが演算処理で
きるので、１粒の判別時間が短くなる。請求項２記載の
発明は、請求項１記載の穀粒等の品質判別装置におい
て、前記光源にＬＥＤを用いることを特徴とするもので
ある。この構成により、光源の光量が安定化し長期の寿
命が得られる。請求項３記載の発明は、請求項１記載の
穀粒等の品質判別装置において、前記光源に発光波長の
異なる複数のＬＥＤを用いることを特徴とするものであ
る。この構成により、発光波長ごとの光量の調整が可能
となり、装置ごとの色調感度の差を軽減することができ
る。請求項４記載の発明は、請求項１乃至３のいずれか
に記載の穀粒等の品質判別装置において、前記光源と穀
粒等との間に光拡散体を配置していることを特徴とする
ものである。この構成により、光源からの光が面発光と
なり、色々な方向から穀粒等に均一な強度の光を照射で
きるため、光沢の影響を受けること無く正確な色調情報
が得られる。また、光源に発光波長の異なる複数のＬＥ
Ｄを用いた場合にも、それぞれのＬＥＤからの光が光拡
散体内（例えば特開平６−７３２９６号に開示されてい
るような「光の透過性に優れた光拡散性樹脂組成物」
等）で拡散され、穀粒等に照射される光は部位による分
光特性に差を生じないため、穀粒等の全ての部位におい
て正確な色調情報を得ることができる。According to the first aspect of the present invention,
A quality discriminating device such as a grain that irradiates light from a light source to a grain or the like, detects and analyzes reflected light or transmitted light from the grain or the like, and determines the quality of the grain or the like, Equipped with an imaging optical system that forms an image of reflected light or transmitted light from a grain or the like on a color line image sensor, acquires time-series data output from the color line image sensor, The image processing apparatus further includes an arithmetic processing unit that obtains image data and performs arithmetic processing on the image data to determine the quality of a grain or the like. With this configuration,
By collecting partial color tone information, it is possible to determine a partially colored grain or the like. In addition, since image information of grains and the like can be obtained, shapes and dimensions can be measured, and irregular grains and crushed grains can be distinguished. Furthermore, since the image data of each line can be sequentially processed, the determination time for one grain is shortened. According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the quality determination apparatus for a grain or the like according to the first aspect, an LED is used as the light source. With this configuration, the light amount of the light source is stabilized, and a long life can be obtained. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the quality determination device for grain or the like according to the first aspect, a plurality of LEDs having different emission wavelengths are used as the light source. With this configuration, it is possible to adjust the amount of light for each emission wavelength, and it is possible to reduce the difference in color tone sensitivity between devices. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the quality determination device for a grain or the like according to any one of the first to third aspects, a light diffuser is disposed between the light source and the grain or the like. Is what you do. With this configuration, the light from the light source emits surface light, and light of uniform intensity can be applied to the grain and the like from various directions, so that accurate color tone information can be obtained without being affected by gloss. In addition, a plurality of LEs having different emission wavelengths
Even when D is used, the light from each LED emits light in a light diffuser (for example, a “light diffusive resin composition having excellent light transmittance” as disclosed in JP-A-6-73296).
Etc.), and the light emitted to the grain or the like does not cause a difference in spectral characteristics depending on the part, so that accurate color tone information can be obtained in all parts such as the grain.
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図１
乃至図３を参照して説明する。図１は本発明の実施の穀
粒等の品質判別装置の全体の概略構成図、図２は本発明
の実施の穀粒等の品質判別装置の結像光学系の部分を示
す概略構成図、図３は本発明の実施の穀粒等の品質判別
装置の制御系を示すブロック図である。本実施の穀粒等
の品質判別装置は、図１、図２に示すように、外周部に
設けた円形配置に設けた多数の凹部１ａに試料である穀
粒Ｇ等を載せる円板状の搬送板１と、搬送板１の下側に
重合した透明ガラス円板２と、搬送板１を回転駆動する
駆動部３と、前記凹部１ａの通過位置に光路を形成する
上下対象配置の結像光学系４、４と、前記凹部１ａに配
置される穀粒Ｇ等に光を照射する上側２個、下側２個の
光源であるＬＥＤ５と、上下のＬＥＤ５の近傍に配置さ
れＬＥＤ５からの光を面発光状態とする上下対称の光拡
散体６とを有している。前記ＬＥＤ５は３色（ＲＧＢ）
発光ＬＥＤであり、それぞれの発光出力は個別に調整可
能となっている。前記結像光学系４、４は、穀粒Ｇ等か
らの反射光をその焦点位置に結像させる結像レンズ７
と、焦点位置に配置したカラーラインイメージセンサ８
とを上下対称配置とした構造となっている。前記搬送板
１の側方領域には、箱型状で搬送板１側が開口した標準
物質収納体１０が配置されている。標準物質収納体１０
内には、上下一対の標準物質１３を支持した標準物質ホ
ルダ１１がアクチュエータ１２により矢印Ａ方向に移動
可能に配置され、穀粒Ｇ等から結像レンズ７に至る光路
に上下一対の標準物質１３を挿脱するようになってい
る。本実施の穀粒等の品質判別装置は、図３に示すよう
に、全体の制御を行うＣＰＵ２０を具備し、前記駆動部
３、ＬＥＤ５、アクチュエータ１２、カラーラインイメ
ージセンサ８の出力信号をＡＤ変換するＡＤ変換器２
１、製品出荷時の測定値を記憶したメモリ（ＲＯＭ）２
２、前記カラーラインイメージセンサ８の出力信号を読
み込み、穀粒Ｇ等の一粒の形状及び色調情報として演算
処理することにより穀拉Ｇ等の品質を判定する演算処理
部２３を各々制御するようになっている。更に、本実施
の穀粒等の品質判別装置は、電源スイッチ３０、測定ス
イッチ３１を備えている。次に、本実施の形態の穀粒等
の品質判別装置の作用を説明する。電源スイッチ３０を
オンすると、光源であるＬＥＤ５が点灯する。次に、搬
送板１の凹部１ａに穀粒Ｇ等を投入する。次に、測定ス
イッチ３１をオンする。これにより、標準物質ホルダ１
１がアクチュエータ１２により駆動されてＡ方向に移動
し、標準物質１３が光路上に移動する。標準物質１３が
光路に挿入された状態でカラーラインイメージセンサ８
の出力信号を読み込み、メモリ２２に記憶されている製
品出荷時の測定値と比較し比較結果を記憶する。次に、
標準物質ホルダ１１がアクチュエータ１２によりＡ方向
と反対方向に移動し、標準物質１３が標準物質収納体１
０内に収納される。標準物質収納体１０は、防塵処理さ
れており、収納時に標準物質１３が汚れることはない。
次に、駆動部３の動作により搬送板１がＢ方向に回転
し、搬送板１上の穀粒Ｇ等が光路に搬入される。椴送板
１上の位置Ｘから位置Ｙがカラーラインイメージセンサ
８の中心軸を通過する間、演算処理部２３で一定時間間
隔でカラーラインイメージセンサ８の出力信号を読み込
み、一粒の形状及び色調情報とし、演算処理することに
より、穀拉Ｇ等の品質を判定する。この時、標準物質１
１を使用した場合の比較結果を用いてカラーラインイメ
ージセンサ８の出力信号を適正となるように補正する。
この間、結像レンズ７により結像された穀拉Ｇ等の像が
カラーラインイメージセンサ８上を継時的に移動し、演
算処理部２３は継時的に順次穀拉Ｇ等の品質を判定す
る。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
This will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a whole grain quality discriminating apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an imaging optical system of the grain discriminating apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a control system of the quality discriminating apparatus for grain or the like according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the quality discriminating apparatus for grains and the like according to the present embodiment has a disk-like shape in which grains G and the like, which are samples, are placed in a large number of concave portions 1 a provided in a circular arrangement provided on an outer peripheral portion. A transport plate 1, a transparent glass disc 2 superimposed on the lower side of the transport plate 1, a driving unit 3 for rotating and driving the transport plate 1, and an imaging in a vertically symmetric arrangement in which an optical path is formed at a passing position of the recess 1 a Optical systems 4, 4, upper and lower two light sources LED 5 for irradiating light to kernels G and the like disposed in the concave portion 1 a, and light from LEDs 5 disposed near upper and lower LEDs 5 And a vertically symmetric light diffuser 6 which makes the surface light emitting state. The LED 5 has three colors (RGB)
It is a light emitting LED, and each light emitting output is individually adjustable. The imaging optical systems 4 and 4 are provided with an imaging lens 7 for imaging reflected light from the grain G or the like at a focal position thereof.
And a color line image sensor 8 arranged at the focal position
Are arranged vertically symmetrically. A standard substance container 10 having a box shape and having an opening on the side of the transport plate 1 is arranged in a side region of the transport plate 1. Standard substance container 10
Inside, a standard material holder 11 supporting a pair of upper and lower standard materials 13 is disposed so as to be movable in the direction of arrow A by an actuator 12, and a pair of upper and lower standard materials 13 is provided in an optical path from the kernel G or the like to the imaging lens 7. Is to be inserted and removed. As shown in FIG. 3, the quality discriminating apparatus for grains and the like according to the present embodiment includes a CPU 20 that performs overall control, and AD-converts output signals of the driving unit 3, the LED 5, the actuator 12, and the color line image sensor 8. AD converter 2
1. Memory (ROM) for storing measured values at the time of product shipment 2.
2. The arithmetic processing unit 23 that reads the output signal of the color line image sensor 8 and performs arithmetic processing on the shape and color tone information of one grain such as the grain G to determine the quality of the grain G or the like is controlled. It has become. Further, the apparatus for determining the quality of a grain or the like according to the present embodiment includes a power switch 30 and a measurement switch 31. Next, the operation of the quality discriminating apparatus for grain and the like according to the present embodiment will be described. When the power switch 30 is turned on, the LED 5 as a light source is turned on. Next, grains G and the like are put into the concave portion 1a of the transport plate 1. Next, the measurement switch 31 is turned on. Thereby, the reference material holder 1
1 is driven by the actuator 12 and moves in the direction A, and the standard substance 13 moves on the optical path. With the reference material 13 inserted in the optical path, the color line image sensor 8
Is read and compared with the measured value at the time of product shipment stored in the memory 22, and the comparison result is stored. next,
The standard material holder 11 is moved by the actuator 12 in the direction opposite to the direction A, and the standard material 13 is moved to the standard material container 1.
It is stored in 0. The standard substance container 10 is dust-proofed, so that the standard substance 13 does not become dirty when stored.
Next, the operation of the drive unit 3 rotates the transport plate 1 in the direction B, and the grains G and the like on the transport plate 1 are carried into the optical path. While the position X to the position Y on the printing plate 1 pass through the center axis of the color line image sensor 8, the arithmetic processing unit 23 reads the output signal of the color line image sensor 8 at regular time intervals, The color tone information is subjected to arithmetic processing to determine the quality of the garaku G or the like. At this time, reference material 1
The output signal of the color line image sensor 8 is corrected so as to be appropriate by using the comparison result in the case where 1 is used.
During this time, the image such as the grain G formed by the imaging lens 7 moves on the color line image sensor 8 successively, and the arithmetic processing unit 23 sequentially determines the quality of the grain G or the like sequentially. I do.
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、以下の各効果を奏す
る。即ち、穀拉等の部分的な色調情報を収集することが
可能となり、部分着色粒等の判別が可能となる。また、
穀粒等の画像情報が得られるので、形状や寸法が測定可
能となり、奇形粒や砕粒の判別が可能となる。更に、逐
次、ラインごとの画像データを演算処理できるので、１
粒当たりの判別時間が短くなる。また、ＬＥＤを使用し
ているので、光量が短時間で安定し、寿命が半永久的で
あるという利点がある。穀粒等への照射するための光が
面発光となり、色々な方向から穀粒等に均一な強度の光
を照射できるため、光沢の影響を受けること無く正確な
色調情報が得られる利点がある。また、前記光源に発光
波長の異なる複数のＬＥＤを用いる構成の場合、発光波
長ごとの光量の調整が可能となり、装置ごとの色調感度
の差を軽減することができ、更に、それぞれのＬＥＤか
らの光が光拡散体内で拡散され、穀粒等に照射される光
は部位による分光特性に差を生じないため、穀粒等の全
ての部位において正確な色調情報を得ることができる。According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. That is, it is possible to collect partial color tone information such as grain and the like, and it is possible to determine partially colored grains and the like. Also,
Since image information of grains and the like can be obtained, shapes and dimensions can be measured, and malformed grains and crushed grains can be distinguished. Further, since image data for each line can be sequentially processed,
The determination time per grain is shortened. Further, since the LED is used, there is an advantage that the light amount is stabilized in a short time and the life is semi-permanent. Light for irradiating grains and the like becomes surface emission, and it is possible to irradiate grains and the like with uniform intensity from various directions, so that there is an advantage that accurate color tone information can be obtained without being affected by gloss. . Further, in the case of using a plurality of LEDs having different emission wavelengths as the light source, it is possible to adjust the amount of light for each emission wavelength, to reduce the difference in color tone sensitivity for each device, and to further reduce the difference from each LED. The light is diffused in the light diffuser, and the light applied to the grain or the like does not cause a difference in spectral characteristics depending on the part, so that accurate color tone information can be obtained in all parts such as the grain.
【図１】本発明の実施の穀粒等の品質判別装置の全体の
概略構成図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an entire quality discriminating apparatus for a grain or the like according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の実施の穀粒等の品質判別装置の結像光
学系の部分を示す概略構成図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a part of an image forming optical system of the quality discriminating apparatus for grain and the like according to the embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の実施の穀粒等の品質判別装置の制御系
を示すブロック図である。FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a control system of a quality discriminating apparatus for grain and the like according to the embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】従来の米粒判別装置を示す概略構成図である。FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a conventional rice grain discriminating apparatus.
１ 搬送板 ２ 透明ガラス円板 ３ 駆動部 ４ 結像光学系 ５ ＬＥＤ ６ 光拡散体 ７ 結像レンズ １０ 標準物質収納体 １１ 標準物質ホルダ １２ アクチュエータ １３ 標準物質 ２０ ＣＰＵ ２２ メモリ ２３ 演算処理部 ３０ 電源スイッチ ３１ 測定スイッチ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Conveyance plate 2 Transparent glass disk 3 Drive part 4 Imaging optical system 5 LED 6 Light diffuser 7 Imaging lens 10 Standard substance storage body 11 Standard substance holder 12 Actuator 13 Standard substance 20 CPU 22 Memory 23 Arithmetic processing part 30 Power supply Switch 31 Measurement switch
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 2G051 AA04 AB02 AC21 BA02 BA08 BB02 BB07 CA03 CA08 CB01 CB02 DA01 EA11 EA12 EA14 2G059 AA05 BB11 CC20 DD13 EE01 EE02 EE13 FF08 GG03 GG10 HH02 JJ26 KK04 MM01 MM09 MM10 PP01 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2G051 AA04 AB02 AC21 BA02 BA08 BB02 BB07 CA03 CA08 CB01 CB02 DA01 EA11 EA12 EA14 2G059 AA05 BB11 CC20 DD13 EE01 EE02 EE13 FF08 GG03 GG10 HH02 JJ26 MM09
Claims (4)
粒等からの反射光又は透過光を検出し分析してその穀粒
等の品質を判定する穀粒等の品質判別装置であって、 前記穀粒等からの反射光又は透過光をカラーラインイメ
ージセンサに結像させる結像光学系と、 前記カラーラインイメージセンサから出力される時系列
データを取得して前記穀粒等の１粒ごとの画像データを
取得し、その画像データを演算処理することにより穀粒
等の品質を判別する演算処理部と、 を有することを特徴とする穀粒等の品質判別装置。1. A method for determining the quality of a grain or the like by irradiating the grain or the like with light from a light source and detecting and analyzing reflected light or transmitted light from the grain or the like to determine the quality of the grain or the like. An apparatus, comprising: an imaging optical system that forms reflected light or transmitted light from the grain or the like on a color line image sensor; and acquiring the time-series data output from the color line image sensor. And a calculation processing unit that obtains image data for each grain, and determines the quality of the grain or the like by arithmetically processing the image data.
る請求項１記載の穀粒等の品質判別装置。2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said light source is an LED.
を用いることを特徴とする請求項１記載の穀粒等の品質
判別装置。3. A plurality of LEDs having different emission wavelengths as said light source.
The quality discriminating apparatus for grains and the like according to claim 1, wherein
していることを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれかに
記載の穀粒等の品質判別装置。4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a light diffuser is disposed between said light source and said grains.
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| JP2000333431A JP4605890B2 (en) | 2000-10-31 | 2000-10-31 | Grain quality discrimination device |
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| JP2000333431A JP4605890B2 (en) | 2000-10-31 | 2000-10-31 | Grain quality discrimination device |
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| JP4605890B2 JP4605890B2 (en) | 2011-01-05 |
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| WO2006119565A1 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-11-16 | Bri Australia Limited | Size assessment for cereal grains |
| WO2007068056A1 (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2007-06-21 | Grains Research And Development Corporation | Stain assessment for cereal grains |
| WO2007099008A1 (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2007-09-07 | Foss Analytical Ab | Device and method for optical measurement of grains from cereals and like crops |
| KR101790444B1 (en) | 2016-06-29 | 2017-10-27 | 충남대학교산학협력단 | The system determines the quality of the oats using optical methods |
| CN114088714A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-25 | 北京中检葆泰生物技术有限公司 | Method for detecting surface regularity of grain particles |
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