JP2002139083A - Brake abnormality detector - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device which can surely detect non-slow opening abnormality of a brake for a railway or the like. SOLUTION: A temperature of a friction material is detected by mounting a temperature sensor 11 in a pad 3 of a disc brake 1. An on/off detection means 12 for brake action and a control device 13 are provided, and when the temperature of the friction material exceeds a preset value in a condition outputting a command releasing a brake, the control device 13 gives a decision of non-slow opening abnormality.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a brake abnormality detecting device for detecting an abnormality of a vehicle brake device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a railway brake device, it is desired to reliably detect a loose opening (a state in which the brake is still applied for some reason even though a brake release command is issued). ing.

[0003] Although the detection of the hydraulic pressure is still performed at present, even if the hydraulic pressure is released, the brake device may be abnormally opened due to an abnormality of the brake device. In the method of detecting the hydraulic pressure,
In this case, abnormality detection cannot be performed.

On the other hand, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 58-114931 discloses a method of detecting the temperature of a friction material by using a temperature sensor and notifying a heat fade based on whether the detected temperature exceeds a set value. An alarm device is proposed. This device outputs an abnormal signal when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor exceeds the set temperature for heat fade notice,
In some cases, the loose opening can be detected.

[0005]

Problems to be Solved by the Invention
In the device of No. 114931, the abnormal signal is not output until the temperature of the friction material exceeds the temperature set for the heat fade notice (which is naturally higher than the temperature considered for normal braking). The detection of is delayed, and during that time, the vehicle continues to run with the brake applied, so that the vehicle driving energy is wasted.

Further, the temperature of the friction material does not always exceed the set temperature for heat fade notice at the time of unsteady development, and in this case, abnormality (unslow opening) cannot be detected.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to make it possible to reliably detect an abnormal opening of a brake by using the same elements as those of the above-described device.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of a friction material, ON / OFF detection means for brake operation, and the temperature sensor and ON / OFF. An abnormality detection device comprising a control device that takes in a signal from the detection means and makes a determination of a loose opening abnormality when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor exceeds a set value in a brake OFF state. It was done.

In this device, a friction piece separate from the braking friction material is included, the friction piece is screwed to a temperature sensor, and the friction piece is brought into sliding contact with the braking rotor together with the braking friction material. It is preferable to detect the temperature.

Further, the temperature sensor and the friction piece are screwed together through a mounting hole formed in the back plate of the friction pad, and the back plate is sandwiched from the front and back by the large diameter head of the temperature sensor and the friction piece. It is more preferable to adopt a structure that can be detachably attached to the back plate.

Further, a slit having a smaller width than the inner diameter of the mounting hole extending from the outer periphery of the back plate to the mounting hole is provided on the back plate of the friction pad, and fitted to the tip of the temperature sensor so as to substantially fit the mounting hole. It is also preferable that a small diameter portion is formed, and the body of the friction piece is made smaller in diameter than the width of the slit so that the body is screwed into a screw hole provided at the center of the tip of the temperature sensor.

The brake rotor referred to here is a disk of a disk brake, wheels rolling on rails,
Refers to drum brake drums.

[0013]

When the loose opening occurs, the friction material remains in contact with the brake rotor, and the temperature rises due to frictional heat.
This rise does not occur when the brakes are normal.
Therefore, the temperature rise of the friction material when the brake operation is OFF may be considered to be caused by the loose opening. In the present invention, since the detection is performed based on the idea, the loose opening can be reliably detected.

The advantages and the like of the preferred configuration described above will be described in detail in the next section.

[0015]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a brake abnormality detecting device according to the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows a railway disc brake, and FIG.
Reference numeral denotes a caliper of the brake, and reference numeral 3 denotes a friction pad (hereinafter, simply referred to as a pad) which is pressed by a brake piston (not shown) built in the caliper 2 to make sliding contact with the disk D.
11 is a temperature sensor attached to the back plate 4 of the pad 3, 12 is an ON / OFF detection means for brake operation, and 13 is a signal from the temperature sensor 11 and ON / OFF detection means 12 to determine the presence / absence of loose opening. Is an alarm device, and the elements 11 to 14 constitute the abnormality detection device 10.

As the temperature sensor 11, a thermocouple, an electric resistance type temperature sensor, or the like is used. ON / OFF detecting means 1
Reference numeral 2 may be a brake switch that is switched by operating a steering wheel of the master controller, an electric circuit that determines the operation of the brake, and the presence or absence of a release command signal. The alarm 14 may be one that emits an alarm sound, one that notifies an abnormality by a lamp or the like, or one that combines them.

The abnormality detecting device 10 shown in FIG.
It is confirmed by the signal from the detecting means 12 that the brake is released, and if the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 11 exceeds the set value under that condition, the control device 13 determines an abnormality and sends an alarm to the alarm device 14. Issue an operation command.

As a set temperature serving as a criterion for determination, a temperature which cannot be considered when the brake is released under a normal condition (a temperature in consideration of an environmental temperature or the like) is selected. As the set temperature is lower, quicker detection can be expected, but it is not preferable that the set temperature is too low.

In the device of the present invention, if the loose opening is detected before the friction material sufficiently cools after the brake is released, there is a possibility that the normal state may be erroneously determined to be abnormal. It is good to take time and then detect the loose opening. If the set temperature is too low, it is necessary to lengthen the heat radiation time at this time, so that detection may be rather delayed.

FIG. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the temperature detector. Reference numeral 15 in the drawing denotes a friction piece that is screw-connected to the temperature sensor 11. The friction piece 15 is made of a material having good heat conduction, low aggression to the disk, and a certain strength. A large-diameter head 15a of the friction piece 15 is arranged on the same side as the lining 5 of the pad 3, and a male threaded body 15b having a smaller diameter than the head is inserted into a mounting hole 6 provided in the back plate 4 of the pad. It is screwed into a screw hole opened at the center of the tip of the temperature sensor 11 (16 is a screw fitting portion), and the back plate 4 is sandwiched between the head 15a of this piece 15 and the tip of the temperature sensor 11. Back plate 4
Are mounted on the friction piece 15 and the temperature sensor 11.

The temperature sensor 11 has a detector 11a
Which is fitted in the center hole of the friction piece 15 to detect the temperature of the piece. 7 in the figure
It is a nut for preventing loosening screwed to a male screw on the outer periphery of the temperature sensor 11, and enhances the stability of fixing the sensor. Reference numeral 8 in the figure denotes a seal, which seals a fitting portion of the detector 11a. The nut 7 and the seal 8 are preferable elements, but may be provided as needed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the pad 3 and the temperature sensor 1
Providing the friction piece 15 which can be removed from the first and detecting the temperature of the piece has the following advantages. That is, the friction piece 15 is a consumable that wears with the lining 5. If the piece 15 is integral with the temperature sensor 11 and cannot be separated, an expensive temperature sensor must be replaced when the pad 3 is replaced, resulting in an economical loss. However, if the structure shown in FIG. By replacing only the friction piece, the temperature sensor 11 can be used repeatedly.

Further, since the friction piece 15 is independent of the lining 5, the production of the pad does not become complicated.
Furthermore, since the friction piece 15 and the temperature sensor 11 may be screwed into the mounting hole 6 from the front and rear of the back plate 4, screwing of the back plate is not required, and mounting and replacement are easy.

FIG. 3 shows another preferred embodiment of the temperature detecting section. Here, a slit 9 extending from the outer periphery of the back plate to the mounting hole 6 is provided in the back plate 4 of the pad. The width W of the slit 9 is smaller than the diameter of the hole 6. The small-diameter portion 1 fitted to the tip of the temperature sensor 11 so as to substantially fit the mounting hole 6.
1b is provided.

On the other hand, the diameter of the body 15b of the friction piece 15 is made smaller than the width W of the slit 9 so that the body 15b
Is screwed into the screw hole of the temperature sensor 11 so as to sandwich the back plate 4 from front and rear.

In this structure, the friction piece 15 is inserted into the mounting hole 6 from the side through the slit 9, and then the friction piece 15 and the sensor 11 are detached from the pad 3 by screwing the temperature sensor 11. I can do it. for that reason,
Detachment with the brake attached is possible,
Workability such as replacement is improved.

FIG. 4 shows that the mounting hole 6 is a long hole, the head 15a of the friction piece is formed in a vertically long shape corresponding to the mounting hole 6, and the head 15a is passed through the mounting hole 6 from the back side of the back plate 4. , And is rotated by approximately 90 ° to be locked on the front surface of the back plate 4. In this structure, if a locking groove or the like for dropping a part of the head 15a is provided on the front surface of the back plate 4 to prevent rotation and slippage at the locking point of the friction piece 15, the temperature sensor 11 in FIG.
Can be screw-coupled to produce the same effect as the mounting structure of FIG.

The present invention can also be applied to a brake or a drum brake which generates a braking force by pressing a shoe against a tread of a wheel. It can also be used for detecting the loose opening of a brake for an automobile.

[0030]

As described above, the abnormality detecting device of the present invention checks whether or not the temperature of the friction material exceeds the set value when the brake release command is issued. It is possible to reliably and quickly detect the brake opening without waiting for an abnormal increase.

Further, a friction piece to be screw-coupled to the temperature sensor is provided to detect the temperature of the piece. The friction piece to be screw-coupled to the temperature sensor and the temperature sensor are sandwiched by a pad back plate. The advantage of the present invention is that the production of the pad is not complicated, the temperature sensor and the friction piece can be easily attached and detached, and the temperature sensor can be used repeatedly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an abnormality detection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a preferred embodiment of the temperature detecting section, taken along line XX of FIG.
Enlarged sectional view of the line section

FIG. 3A is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the temperature detection unit. FIG. 3B is a rear view of the detection unit.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example in which a friction piece is bayonet fitted with a mounting hole being an elongated hole.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Disc brake 3 Friction pad 4 Back plate 5 Lining 6 Mounting hole 7 Nut 8 Seal 9 Slit 10 Abnormality detection device 11 Temperature sensor 12 Brake operation ON / OFF detection means 13 Control device 14 Alarm device 15 Friction piece 16 Screw fitting part

Claims (4)

[Claims] A temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of the friction material;
Takes in signals from the brake ON / OFF detection means and its temperature sensor and ON / OFF detection means, and opens slowly when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor exceeds the set value under the condition of brake OFF. A brake abnormality detection device comprising: a control device that determines abnormality. 2. A friction piece separate from a braking friction material is included, and the friction piece is screw-connected to a temperature sensor, and is brought into sliding contact with a brake rotor together with the braking friction material to reduce the temperature of the piece. 2. The brake abnormality detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the abnormality is detected. 3. The temperature sensor and the friction piece are screwed together through a mounting hole provided on the back plate of the friction pad, and the temperature sensor and the large-diameter head of the friction piece are used to hold the back plate from front and rear. 3. The brake abnormality detecting device according to claim 2, wherein the device has a holding structure and is detachably attached to a back plate. 4. A slit having a width smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting hole extending from the outer periphery of the back plate to the mounting hole is provided on the back plate of the friction pad, and fitted to the tip of the temperature sensor so as to substantially fit the mounting hole. 4. The brake abnormality detecting device according to claim 3, wherein a small diameter portion is formed, and the body of the friction piece is made smaller in diameter than the width of the slit, and the body is screwed into a screw hole provided at the center of the tip of the temperature sensor. .