JP2002114556A - Functional cement hardened body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To attain recycling of inexpensive incineration ash of sewage sludge which is applicable all over the country and to provide a functional cement hardened body useful for improving environment, which is obtained by using the incineration ash of the sewage sludge and processing it. SOLUTION: The porous hardened body is obtained by kneading 100 pts.wt. cement, 30 to 125 pts.wt. water and 15 to 125 pts.wt. incineration ash of the sewage sludge to form a cement slurry and subjecting the cement slurry to ordinary pressure-high temperature curing or high pressure-high temperature curing or successively subjecting the cement slurry to the ordinary pressure-high temperature curing and the high pressure-high temperature curing.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to inexpensive sewage sludge incineration ash (hereinafter, simply referred to as sewage sludge incineration ash) obtained by incinerating sewage sludge discharged from a public wide-area sewage treatment facility. Functional cement hardened body of porous structure with incineration ash, moisture content adjustment, and further functionality such as adsorption capacity and ion exchange capacity.More specifically, excellent adsorption function due to porous structure. Pollutants that purify wastewater and river water, and purify the air, underfloor humidity control materials, humidity control deodorant wall materials, heat insulation / sound absorption boards, etc.
In addition to building materials such as panels, greening, culture media, civil engineering and agricultural materials such as soil improvement materials, etc., they also promote the growth of terrestrial plants, algae and seagrass and other plants, and inhibit the inhabitation of microorganisms and small animals. Concrete blocks for revetments and reefs, without
The present invention relates to a hardened functional cement which is suitably used in a wide range of fields, such as a greening substrate concrete material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Concrete has a history of about 100 years and is undoubtedly one of the main materials that have supported the cultural society of the twentieth century.
It has become an integral part of our lives.

[0003] This is because concrete materials such as cement, gravel, sand, water, and the like are inexpensive, easily available in large quantities, and have good moldability, which are suitable for building buildings. Also, because concrete is integrated with a reinforcing steel bar or a steel frame, there is an advantage that it becomes a building material excellent in earthquake resistance, fire resistance and sound insulation.

Due to the advantages of concrete, concrete is used in a variety of fields, such as building structures, utility poles,
It is used in various fields such as road paving stones, concrete block walls, railroad sleepers, tunnels, dams, bridges, seawalls, etc. It will be used in a wide range of fields as an important material in the 21st century in the future. It is easily expected.

[0005] However, concrete buildings and the like have a cold and inorganic image, are difficult to break once they are built, and have environmental problems such as difficulty in achieving harmony with the natural environment. The alkaline component (for example, calcium hydroxide) inhibits the growth of animals and plants over a long period of time, in combination with the long-term stability of concrete, whereby the number of animals and plants inhabiting in urban areas, landfills, disposal sites, etc. However, there is a problem such as a sharp decrease.

In other words, as can be seen from the phrase "concrete jungle" that has come to be heard recently, in the city, concrete buildings are overburdened, and the streets are inorganic and murky with little greenery. or,
Various problems have occurred, such as the "heat island phenomenon" and the deterioration of the environment around the city.

[0007] In rivers, lakes and marshes, etc.
Civil works such as revetment work are being carried out for reasons such as disaster prevention work, and this civil work has been a method of construction that has destroyed the natural purification ability, and the progress of water quality deterioration has progressed and has become a major social problem. I have.

Therefore, various methods for purifying water quality have been studied as countermeasures. There are various types of water purification methods depending on the required capacity such as the object and the capacity. In this technical field, in addition to filtration treatment using a water purification device, chemical treatment using chemicals, and microbial loading using a porous material, Biofiltration methods by biofilm formation by the body have been proposed.

[0009] Conventionally, in small and medium-sized rivers and waterways, construction has been carried out mainly on running water management centered on a three-sided, one-sided concrete construction using secondary concrete products.

[0010] In recent years, as a method for maintaining the ecosystem of rivers, there have been proposed a. Fix natural stone with gabion. C. Embed natural stones in waterways. Methods such as using porous concrete are employed.

In addition, the revegetation material is laid on the surface of river shores or road slopes, especially using disaster prevention structures (concrete) such as rivers, road slopes and retaining walls as civil engineering structures. The concrete surface is used as greening material. or,
As another greening measure, a construction method that also serves as a greening base with a concrete block that can hold soil for vegetation and cover soil is being performed.

Further, as a water quality resource material, a concrete structure is used in a fish nest countermeasure for a river and a fish reef.

[0013] However, alkaline components (eg, calcium hydroxide) flowing out of concrete used in landfills, seawalls and the like on the coast also hinder the growth of plants such as algae and seaweed, and eat these plants. There is a problem that it also inhibits the inhabitation of fish and shellfish that live there.

[0014] In addition, even in the discarded concrete waste material, there is a problem that the alkaline component continues to elute for a long time after the disposal, thereby further deteriorating the natural environment and the like.

[0015] Therefore, in the 21st century, it is necessary to improve these problems while maintaining the advantages of concrete, and to develop a natural environment-friendly development project. Various greening methods for concrete structures have been researched and developed with the aim of increasing the greenery of a small city as much as possible.

On the other hand, with the expansion of sewage treatment facilities, the discharge of sewage sludge continues to increase year by year, and the treatment of industrial waste generated by the sewage treatment has become a major problem.

From the viewpoint of effective use of industrial waste, there are recycling methods, such as composting of dehydrated cake, use of molten slag as construction material, and cement raw material. At present, the rate is extremely low. Although the volume has been reduced by incineration, most of the landfills are landfilled as final disposal.

However, in recent years, it has been difficult to acquire land for a final disposal site or construct a new facility, and the amount of industrial waste generated by sewage treatment has increased sharply, and the future of the treatment has become tight.

By the way, sewage sludge incineration ash is usually 20 to 40% by weight of SiO ₂ , _{2 to} 3.5 of K ₂ O, and Al ₂ O ₃ 1 by weight.
_{0~15%, Fe 2 O 3 5~15} %, CaO5~10.5
_{%, P 2 O 5 12.5~20%} , MgO2~5%, MnO
0.2-1.5%, ZnO 0.25-0.5%, SO ₄
It is composed of components such as 1 to 1.5%, about 0.1% Cl, and about 0.1% Cu.

[0020]

As the greening method for the concrete structure, for example, greening of a rooftop / wall surface,
Methods include greening slopes along roads and planting plants directly using concrete as a medium.However, ordinary concrete has voids for growing plants and securing water permeability compared to soil. There is a disadvantage that water and fertilizer components cannot be stored.

[0021] As concrete to solve this disadvantage,
At present, green concrete has been developed in which cement paste is applied to crushed stones and lightweight aggregates and solidified so that continuous voids are formed, which allows the interior to be filled with water retention materials and fertilizers. I have.

However, in the conventional green concrete, the alkaline component (calcium hydroxide) elutes from the concrete itself for a long period of time, and as a result, the problem that the inhabitation of plants, microorganisms, small animals, and the like is inhibited is caused, and the eluted alkali is eluted. There was a problem that the durability was significantly reduced depending on the component.

Therefore, in order to solve this problem, Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-54306 discloses a continuous void which is durable for dwelling of plants, microorganisms, small animals, etc., and which is durable. For the purpose of providing a hardened cement body and a method for producing the same, a hardened cement body having continuous voids obtained by adhering a paste containing a mixture of activated silica, water, cement and a high-performance water reducing agent to an aggregate, and hardening them. It has been disclosed.

That is, the hardened cement disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-54306 is prepared by mixing active silica typified by silica fume in a cement paste at a ratio of 25% by weight or less and then curing the same in water for a long time. It promotes a reaction between the alkali component in the concrete and the activated silica, thereby suppressing the elution of the alkali component.

In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-231185, in order to achieve substantially the same purpose as described above, aggregates formed by crushing acidic limestone are used to neutralize alkali components. Hardened cement body (porous block) with continuous voids that suppresses elution of alkali components
Is disclosed.

[0026] These techniques for suppressing the elution of the alkali component both involve calcium hydroxide in concrete,
By contacting silica contained in silica fumes and limestone with water, the porazone reaction is promoted to neutralize alkali components in concrete.

However, in the porazone reaction, calcium hydroxide reacts with silica and water to form amorphous lCa.
O-mSiO ₂ —nH ₂ O-based compounds are generated, and usually require a considerable amount of time to complete the reaction. Therefore, after curing, curing in water for a sufficient period (for example,
In Japanese Patent No. 54306/28, 28 days are required. )
However, there is a disadvantage that productivity is significantly reduced.

Although neither Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-54306 nor Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-231185 disclose the porosity, usually, a cement hardened body having such continuous voids has a void. The compressive strength of the cured product is determined by the magnitude of the ratio.

In addition, environmentally harmful materials such as water purification materials and greening materials composed of these cement hardened materials have an adverse effect on the environment due to economic development and changes in the living environment. You can't catch up with your abilities.

On the other hand, the current state of sewage sludge incineration ash
Sewage sludge is incinerated in order to reduce the volume of landfills. For recycling, a very small amount is used as a cement raw material, but the area is limited. Recycling of sewage sludge, which is scarce and increasing, is becoming a major social issue.

In addition, this sewage sludge incineration ash is used for construction materials such as cement raw materials and molten slag, and the recycling of the waste requires enormous equipment costs. Limited to areas where large amounts of ash are emitted.

However, sewage sludge treatment is a nationwide problem, and requires a great deal of treatment cost, which prevents progress in recycling.

In the water purification method using a water purification device or a chemical, the maintenance cost such as production cost, function maintenance and management cost is large, and it is very difficult to implement it permanently. Burdensome.

Furthermore, the conventional construction method in the rehabilitation work of water areas such as rivers, lakes and marshes, which is a cause of water quality deterioration, destroys the ecosystem of simply covering with concrete wall surfaces and loses the purification function by nature.

Under such circumstances, importance is placed on restoring the natural purification function and enhancing the function, instead of forcible purification using a water purification device or a chemical.

The conventional construction method in which slopes such as rivers and roads, and retaining walls are constructed by civil engineering structures is mainly for disaster prevention and is covered with concrete structures, which impairs the landscape and reduces the ecosystem. Retention was sparse. As a countermeasure, the restoration of nature has become a major issue due to the promotion of greening, and the government is also implementing measures to promote greening as a factory business. In recent years, construction methods such as fixing natural stones with gabions, embedding natural stones in waterways, and laying porous concrete have been adopted as methods of maintaining the ecosystem of rivers in recent years, but these are still sufficient Not a thing.

Further, in the marine area as a marine resource, degraded marine forests and deteriorating fishing ground environment such as scorching of the rocks, and in rivers, lakes and marshes, the decrease in the habitat of fish is greatly affected. Expansion and sophistication are needed.

[0038] These problems, that is, the harmful effects of the conventional construction of a concrete surface in civil engineering structures and the like are eliminated, and the formation and promotion of living spaces for living organisms such as microorganisms, insects and fish can be achieved. There is a need to maintain and expand ecosystems, such as by forming vegetation spaces where plants grow.

Therefore, the present inventor focused on sewage sludge incineration ash, which is industrial waste. That is, the inventor of the present invention has concluded that sewage sludge incineration ash usually contains 20 to 40% of SiO ₂ and K ₂ O _{2 by} weight.
_{~3.5, Al 2 0 3 10~15%} , Fe 2 O 3 5~15
_{%, CaO5~10.5%, P 2 O} 5 12.5~20%,
MgO 2-5%, MnO 0.2-1.5%, ZnO0.
25~0.5%, SO ₄ 1~1.5%, about Cl0.1%, focusing on a point which is composed of components such as about Cu00.1%.

That is, the inventor of the present invention has concluded that, among these components, a large number of elements indispensable for plant growth, such as phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), Contains a large amount of sulfur (S),
Also, trace elements indispensable for plant growth, such as iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Z
n), contains a considerable amount of chlorine (Cl), not only promotes the growth of plants and develops a greening function, but also promotes the growth of seagrass, etc., which expands fish nests and reefs and proliferates marine resources We obtained the knowledge that the function is exhibited.

Further, the present inventor has reported that the sewage sludge incineration ash is
It has also been found that, in addition to exhibiting a function of adsorbing each component, for example, ammonia, etc., it is porous, has an ion-exchange ability, and exhibits a function of adsorbing water.

From these viewpoints, the present inventor has paid attention to the point that sewage sludge incineration ash is promising as an environmental material such as a water purification material and a greening material.
In order to organically integrate the technology of the porous cement hardened body that has been experienced and learned over the years, we have intensively studied and studied the most excellent environmental materials that could not be obtained in the past.

As a result, the inventor of the present invention blended sewage sludge incineration ash with cement at a predetermined ratio, and added water at a predetermined ratio to form a cement slurry. High-temperature curing or normal-pressure / high-temperature curing followed by two-stage curing of high-pressure / high-temperature curing provides a porous structure with a relatively short period of time, little change over time, high strength and little elution of alkali components. It has been found that a functional cement hardened body can be obtained. In this case, although it is not clear why the elution of the alkali component is reduced,
It is understood that components such as O ₂ , Al ₂ O _3, and Fe ₂ O ₃ fixed CaO during high-temperature curing.

Specifically, for example, an alkali component (calcium hydroxide) eluted from concrete itself for a long period of time is subjected to the following chemical reaction during high-temperature curing to form S:
iO ₂ (sewage sludge incineration ash) + Ca (OH) ₂ = CaSiO
It is understood that ₃ + H ₂ O calcium hydroxide “Ca (OH) ₂ ” is chemically fixed to silica “SiO ₂ ” in sewage sludge incineration ash (calcium hydroxide elution is prevented). is understood similarly occurs in the case of components such as Al203 and Fe ₂ O _3.

The present invention has little change with time, high strength and little elution of alkali components, and has excellent functions of greening, marine resources multiplication and various adsorption functions caused by sewage sludge incineration ash. And environmental materials that make use of the excellent adsorption function resulting from the porous structure of the hardened functional cement, such as purification materials that enhance water and air purification, underfloor humidity control materials, humidity control deodorant wall materials, heat insulation / sound absorption boards, It can be used as civil engineering and agricultural materials to improve the environment, such as building materials, greening, medium materials, soil improvement materials, etc. that form comfortable living spaces such as panels, and in particular, suppresses elution of alkali components, Plant blocks for terrestrial plants, algae, seaweed, and other plants, as well as concrete blocks and greening boards that can be used for rooftop greening and side wall greening as well as seawalls and fish reefs without inhibiting the inhabitation of microorganisms and small animals. It is an object to provide a functional cement cured product can be suitably used as a discrete material and the like.

In addition, the present invention can be used anywhere in the country, and can recycle inexpensive sewage sludge incineration ash. Further, by using sewage sludge incineration ash for processing, it is possible to improve the environment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hardened functional cement.

Further, the present invention makes effective use of sewage sludge incineration ash, which is industrial waste, and forms a functional cement hardened material using the same as a raw material, thereby forming a space of a wide area and inexpensive. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a functional concrete structure having a water purification function, a marine product propagation function, and a vegetation base function for greening.

[0048]

In order to achieve this object, a functional cement cured product according to the present invention comprises a cement 1
100 parts by weight, 30-125 parts by weight of water and 15-125 parts by weight of sewage sludge incineration ash are kneaded to form a cement slurry.
Alternatively, it is characterized in that a porous cured product is obtained by sequentially performing normal pressure and high temperature curing and high pressure and high temperature curing.

Hereinafter, the hardened functional cement according to the present invention will be described in more detail.

The hardened functional cement according to the present invention is formed by adding and mixing 30 to 125 parts by weight of water and 15 to 125 parts by weight of sewage sludge incineration ash with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement to form a cement slurry. Normal pressure and high temperature curing, or high pressure and high temperature curing, or characterized by the fact that normal pressure and high temperature curing and high pressure and high temperature curing are sequentially performed to form a porous cured body, and the functional cement cured body of this porous structure is With this configuration, it can be used as an extremely excellent environmental material.

In other words, the functional cement cured product according to the present invention has little change over time, high strength and little elution of alkali components, and has an excellent greening function due to sewage sludge incineration ash. Purifying materials that enhance water and air purification, under-floor moisture conditioning materials, It can be used as a building material that constitutes a comfortable living space, such as moisture and deodorant wall materials, heat insulation / sound absorbing boards, panels, etc. is there.

The functional cement cured product according to the present invention particularly suppresses the elution of alkali components and promotes the growth of terrestrial plants, algae, and plants such as seagrass, and inhabits microorganisms and small animals. Without hindrance, it can be suitably used as a concrete block or greening substrate concrete material that can be used for rooftop greening, side wall greening, seawalls and fish reefs.

Furthermore, the hardened functional cement according to the present invention can be used anywhere in the country, and the recycling of inexpensive sewage sludge ash can be achieved. In addition, the sewage sludge incineration ash can be used for processing. By being added, it can be suitably used as an environmental material for environmental improvement.

The present invention makes effective use of sewage sludge incineration ash, which is industrial waste, and forms a hardened functional cement using the same as a raw material, thereby forming a space of a wide area, and inexpensive. It is a functional concrete structure that has a water purification function, a vegetation base function for greening, and a marine product propagation function.

The hardened functional cement according to the present invention is a porous material having little change with time, hardly dissolving alkali components, and curing under normal pressure and high temperature, or under high pressure and high temperature, or under normal pressure and high temperature. And a high-pressure and high-temperature curing are sequentially performed to form a porous hardened body, so that the internal structure thereof becomes denser, resulting in high strength, and excellent long-term stability and durability.

In order to obtain the hardened functional cement according to the present invention, first, 30 to 125 parts by weight of water and 15 to 1 part of sewage sludge incineration ash are used for 100 parts by weight of cement.
25 parts by weight are blended and kneaded to form a cement slurry.

For 100 parts by weight of cement, 30
When the amount is less than 10 parts by weight, there is a limit to the porosity caused by the evaporation of water, and it is difficult to obtain a functional cement hardened body exhibiting a required adsorption capacity. It occurs or hardens even when subjected to high-temperature curing, such as normal-pressure high-temperature curing, or the strength of the cured body decreases, and during use, it weathers or collapses, and the required durability cannot be obtained. From these viewpoints, it is particularly desirable to set the amount of water to 35 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement.

If the amount of sewage sludge incineration ash is less than 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement, the required plant growth function, marine resource multiplication function and adsorption capacity cannot be obtained, and water purification materials and greening The usefulness as environmental materials such as materials may be lacking. On the other hand, if it exceeds 125 parts by weight, the strength of the obtained cured functional cement decreases, and during use, it is weathered or disintegrated. In view of these, it is particularly preferable that the incineration sewage sludge is used in an amount of 20 to 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of cement.

Then, the obtained cement slurry is put into a mold, and thereafter, normal pressure and high temperature curing, or high pressure and high temperature curing,
Alternatively, when a porous hardened body is obtained by sequentially performing normal pressure and high temperature curing and high pressure and high temperature curing, a porous body having a relatively uniform pore diameter due to evaporation of water can be obtained.
Since the internal structure becomes dense due to the high-temperature curing, the strength becomes high, and the long-term stability and durability become excellent.

Here, the normal-pressure and high-temperature curing performed to harden the cement slurry put into the mold is performed, for example, in the same procedure as a known steam curing, and takes an appropriate time from room temperature to a predetermined curing temperature. After raising the temperature of the cement slurry, the curing temperature is maintained for a predetermined time, and then the air is allowed to cool in the air. The curing temperature is not particularly limited, and the curing time for maintaining the curing temperature is not particularly limited. For example, the curing temperature may be 60 to 95 ° C., and the curing time for maintaining the curing temperature is 2 hours. It may be about 0.5 to 24 hours.

Further, the cement slurry is hardened by normal pressure and high temperature curing, and a porous body having a relatively uniform pore diameter is obtained, the change with time is small, the strength is high, and the elution of alkali components is small, In addition, an environmental material utilizing the excellent greening function, marine resources multiplication function, various adsorption functions, and the like due to the sewage sludge incineration ash, and the excellent adsorption function due to the porous structure of the hardened functional cement can be obtained. It is.

In the present invention, the high-pressure and high-temperature curing performed to harden the cement slurry put into the mold is performed, for example, by using an autoclave in the same procedure as a known high-pressure and high-temperature curing. .5
8 at a temperature of 160 to 180 ° C for about 12 hours
This is performed while maintaining the pressure at 10 kg / cm ² . For the cooling after the high-pressure and high-temperature curing, for example, a method of cooling to about 120 ° C. in about 3 hours, water cooling to about room temperature in about 4 hours, and then cooling to room temperature by natural cooling is adopted. Is done.

With this configuration, the cement slurry is hardened, a porous body having a relatively uniform pore size is obtained, the change with time is small, the strength is high, and the elution of alkali components is small. In addition, an environmental material utilizing the excellent greening function, marine resources multiplication function, various adsorption functions, etc. due to the sewage sludge incineration ash, and the excellent adsorption function due to the porous structure of the hardened functional cement. Is obtained.

Further, in the present invention, the cement slurry put in the mold is subjected to normal-pressure and high-temperature curing and then to high-pressure and high-temperature curing to form a porous hardened body, for example, in the same procedure as known steam curing. After raising the temperature of the cement slurry from room temperature to a predetermined curing temperature over an appropriate time, the curing temperature is maintained for a predetermined time, and then the mixture is allowed to cool in the air. The curing temperature is not particularly limited, and the curing time for maintaining the curing temperature is not particularly limited. For example, the curing temperature may be 60 to 95 ° C., and the curing time for maintaining the curing temperature is 1 What is necessary is just to make it about 0.5-7.5 hours.

Further, the cement slurry is hardened by normal pressure and high temperature curing, and a porous body having a relatively uniform pore diameter is obtained. Then, when this porous body is cured under high pressure and high temperature, a porous material having little change with time is obtained. A hardened functional cement is obtained.

Next, the high-pressure and high-temperature curing is performed using an autoclave, for example, for about 2.5 to 12 hours.
It is carried out at a temperature of １８０180 ° C. and a pressure of 8 to 10 kg / cm ² . For the cooling after the high-pressure and high-temperature curing, for example, a method of cooling to about 120 ° C. in about 3 hours, water cooling to about room temperature in about 4 hours, and then cooling to room temperature by natural cooling is adopted. Is done.

[0067] The hydrothermal reaction that proceeds during the high-pressure and high-temperature curing further suppresses alkali elution from the cured functional cement and further enhances the strength of the cured functional cement. Moreover, the hydrated product formed by the hydrothermal reaction and combined with the alumina component has a function similar to that of zeolite, that is, it has a physical adsorption capacity and is an environment that enriches water quality such as phosphoric acid, phosphate, and nitrogen compound. Demonstrates excellent adsorption capacity for pollutants. In this case, microorganisms are adsorbed on the hardened functional cement, and an excellent denitrification effect can be obtained by the microorganism adsorption.

In addition, the cement slurry is hardened, and a porous body having a relatively uniform pore diameter can be obtained by the above-mentioned structure, and the cement slurry has little change with time, high strength, and little elution of alkali components. In addition, an environmental material utilizing the excellent greening function, marine resources multiplication function, various adsorption functions, etc. due to the sewage sludge incineration ash, and the excellent adsorption function due to the porous structure of the hardened functional cement. Is obtained.

The hardened functional cement according to the present invention has a pore volume of 0.15 to 0.75 ml / g,
Extremely large pores with a specific surface area of 15 to 55 m ² / g, and these pores have a maximum pore radius of 0.05 to 0.45 μm and a submicron or less widely varying pore radius or diameter. Exists. Of course, many pores (called mesopores) having a diameter of 20 to 500 angstroms which are considered to be involved in the adsorption are included.

In the present invention, after the above-mentioned cement slurry is formed, this cement slurry is poured into a mold. The shape of the mold chamber of the mold is not particularly limited. Any shape such as a rectangular shape including a plate shape, a cylindrical shape, a fan shape, an L shape, an H shape, a conical shape, a triangular pyramid shape, a quadrangular pyramid shape, and a tetrapot shape can be selected. Alternatively, an appropriate core may be arranged in the mold chamber to form a hollow cured product such as a cylinder, a square tube, or a cubic frame. Furthermore, these may be crushed to produce greening materials and culture media.

The cement used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but a commercially available cement is preferred from the viewpoints of production cost and availability.

Portland cement,
It includes mixed cement and special cement, and Portland cement includes ordinary Portland cement,
Includes early-strength Portland cement, ultra-high-strength Portland cement, moderate-heat Portland cement, low-heat Portland cement, sulfate-resistant Portland cement, and low-alkali type cements in which the total alkali in these cements is suppressed to 0.6% or less. .

The mixed cement is obtained by binding and crushing appropriate quenched blast furnace slag and bozolan material to clinker of Portland cement, and examples thereof include blast furnace cement, silica cement and fly ash cement.

As a representative of the special cement, bauxite is mixed with an approximately equal amount of limestone, melt-fired, then quenched and pulverized. An ultra-fast-hardening cement which shows enhancement and can be expected to have high strength can be given.

Among these cements, it is desirable to use the most inexpensive and easily available ordinary Portland cement, and at least one of the various cements described above may be mixed.

The sewage sludge incineration ash used in the present invention is obtained by incinerating sewage sludge discharged from a public wide-area sewage treatment facility, and contains inexpensive and useful components.

This sewage sludge incineration ash is usually Si
_{O 2 20~40%, K 2 O2~3.5} , Al 2 0 3 10~1
_{5%, Fe 2 O 3 5~15} %, CaO5~10.5%, P
₂ O ₅ 12.5-20%, MgO 2-5%, MnO 0.2
~ 1.5%, ZnO 0.25 ~ 0.5%, SO ₄ 1 ~
It is composed of components such as 1.5%, about 0.1% of Cl, about 0.1% of Cu, etc. Among these components, a large amount of elements indispensable for plant growth, for example, phosphorus (P), It contains a large amount of potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S).
Trace elements indispensable for plant growth, such as iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Z
n), contains a considerable amount of chlorine (Cl), not only promotes the growth of plants and develops a greening function, but also promotes the growth of seagrass, etc., which expands fish nests and reefs and proliferates marine resources Or to express a function.

Further, the sewage sludge incineration ash is porous and exhibits a function of adsorbing each component, for example, ammonia, and also has an ion exchange function, and exhibits a water quality adsorbing function.

Further, the sewage sludge incineration ash is promising as an environmental material such as a water purification material or a greening material. In order to fix and standardize the sewage sludge incineration ash, a predetermined ratio of sewage sludge incineration ash is mixed with cement. Water is added at a constant rate to form a cement slurry, which is cured under normal pressure and high temperature, or under high pressure and high temperature, or cured under normal pressure and high temperature. In between, it is possible to obtain a functional cement hardened body having a porous structure with little change over time, high strength and little elution of alkali components, and in this case, elution of alkali components is reduced The reason is that when curing at high temperature such as normal pressure and high temperature curing, SiO
₂ (silica content), Al ₂ 0 ₃ (alumina content) and Fe ₂ O ₃
It is understood that such components as fixed CaO.

That is, SiO ₂ (silica content), Al _20
3 (Alumina content) is that when this cured product is subjected to normal pressure and high temperature curing or high pressure and high temperature curing, a porous body having a composition of calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate can be obtained. By performing step curing, a hydrothermal reaction takes place, and alkali extraction is suppressed and the strength of the cured product is increased.In addition, the hydration product combined with the alumina component has a function similar to zeolite. Holding, and the porous properties are enhanced.

As described above, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium serve as nutrients for growing plants, and the hydrothermal reaction causes alumina, which is an inhibitor of plant growth, to be Ca.
O is fixed by reacting with O, and is in an optimal state as a vegetation base in which alkali elution is suppressed, and iron acts as a nutrient for algae growth and promotes the adhesion of algae. It is understood to create a good situation for breeding.

In the hardened functional cement according to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, 30 to 125 parts by weight of water and 15 parts by weight of sewage sludge incineration ash are used for 100 parts by weight of cement.
１２５125 parts by weight and 100-300 parts by weight of fine aggregate are kneaded to form a cement slurry, which is subjected to normal pressure and high temperature curing, or high pressure and high temperature curing, or normal pressure and high temperature curing and high pressure and high temperature curing sequentially. A cured porous body is also useful.

In the hardened functional cement according to the present invention, the cement slurry used for the hardened functional cement is further mixed with 100 to 300 parts by weight of fine aggregate with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement. The functional cement is manufactured by the same method as the above-mentioned functional cement hardened body, and this functional cement hardened body is preferable because it is inexpensive and further improves the strength.

In the present invention, in the cement slurry used in the case of the above-mentioned hardened functional cement, 100 to 300 parts by weight of fine aggregate is further blended with 100 parts by weight of cement. On the other hand, if the fine aggregate is less than 100 parts by weight, it may be difficult to obtain the required strength of the cured body after curing, while if it exceeds 300 parts by weight, other components, particularly, sewage sludge incineration ash It is not preferable because the balance may be deteriorated and the characteristics as an environmental material may be deteriorated. Therefore, from these viewpoints, it is particularly desirable to set the range of 150 to 250 parts by weight.

That is, in order to obtain the hardened functional cement according to the present invention, 30 to 125 parts by weight of water and 15 to 12 parts by weight of sewage sludge incineration ash are used for 100 parts by weight of cement.
5 parts by weight and 100 to 300 parts by weight of fine aggregate are kneaded to form a cement slurry.

Then, the obtained cement slurry is put into a mold, and thereafter, normal pressure and high temperature curing, or high pressure and high temperature curing,
Alternatively, curing is performed by sequentially performing normal pressure and high temperature curing and high pressure and high temperature curing, and such normal pressure and high temperature curing may be performed in the same manner as in the case of obtaining the functional cement cured body. With this configuration, a porous body having a relatively uniform pore diameter due to evaporation of water is obtained, and the internal structure becomes dense due to high-temperature curing, such as normal pressure and high-temperature curing.
It becomes high in strength and has excellent long-term stability and durability.

This hardened functional cement body is characterized in that a fine aggregate is further added to the hardened functional cement body, and the other features are the same as those of the hardened functional cement body. Therefore, the description is omitted to avoid redundant description.

With this configuration, the cement slurry is hardened, a porous body having a relatively uniform pore size is obtained, the change with time is small, the strength is high, and the elution of alkali components is small. In addition, it is possible to obtain environmental materials utilizing the excellent greening function, marine resources multiplication function, various adsorption functions, etc. due to the sewage sludge incineration ash, and the excellent adsorption function due to the porous structure of the hardened functional cement. It is done.

The fine aggregate used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is used for mortar or concrete, and is not particularly limited as long as it has a size of less than 5 mm. It is appropriately selected according to the porosity, specific gravity, etc. required in the above. Known natural aggregates such as river sand, mountain sand and sea sand, artificial aggregates such as crushed sand, and lightweight fine aggregates such as pearlite are known. At least one selected from fine aggregates.

In the hardened functional cement according to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, 10 parts by weight of cement
0 to 30 to 125 parts by weight of water, sewage sludge incineration ash 15
To 125 parts by weight, 100 to 300 parts by weight of fine aggregate and 150 to 500 parts by weight of coarse aggregate are kneaded to form a cement slurry, which is then cured under normal pressure and high temperature, or under high pressure and high temperature, or under normal pressure and high temperature. And curing in sequence with high pressure and high temperature curing,
Those having a porous structure are also useful.

In the present invention, 100 to 300 parts by weight of fine aggregate and 150 to 500 parts by weight of coarse aggregate with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement are further added to the cement slurry used in the case of the hardened functional cement. It is blended and manufactured by the same method as the functional cement hardened body, and this functional cement hardened body is inexpensive, and fine aggregate is dispersed between coarse aggregate and coarse aggregate, This is preferable because the change with time is further reduced and the strength and durability are significantly improved.

In the present invention, in the cement slurry used in the case of the hardened functional cement, 100 parts by weight of cement, in addition to fine aggregate,
0 to 500 parts by weight is blended, but if the coarse aggregate is less than 150 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement, it may be difficult to obtain the required strength of the cured product after curing.
Exceeding 0 parts by weight is not preferred because the balance with other components, especially sewage sludge incineration ash, may be deteriorated and the properties as an environmental material may be reduced. Therefore, from these viewpoints, it is particularly preferable that the content be in the range of 200 to 450 parts by weight.

That is, in order to obtain a hardened functional cement according to the present invention, 30 to 125 parts by weight of water and 15 to 12 parts of sewage sludge incineration ash are used for 100 parts by weight of cement.
5 parts by weight, 100-300 parts by weight of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate 15
A cement slurry is formed by kneading 0 to 500 parts by weight.

Then, the obtained cement slurry is put into a mold, and thereafter, normal pressure and high temperature curing, or high pressure and high temperature curing,
Alternatively, curing is performed by sequentially performing normal pressure and high temperature curing and high pressure and high temperature curing, and such normal pressure and high temperature curing may be performed in the same manner as in the case of obtaining the functional cement cured body. With this configuration, a porous body having a relatively uniform pore diameter due to evaporation of water is obtained, and the internal structure becomes dense due to high-temperature curing, such as normal pressure and high-temperature curing.
It becomes high in strength and has excellent long-term stability and durability.

This hardened functional cement is characterized in that, in addition to the fine aggregate, the hardened functional cement further includes a coarse aggregate, and the other features are the same as those described above. Since it is the same as the case of the hardened functional cement, it is omitted to avoid redundant description.

With this configuration, the cement slurry is hardened, a porous body having a relatively uniform pore size is obtained, the change with time is small, the strength is high, and the elution of alkali components is small. In addition, environmental materials utilizing the excellent greening function, marine resources multiplication function, various adsorption functions, etc. due to the sewage sludge incineration ash, and the excellent adsorption function due to the porous structure of the hardened functional cement can be obtained. It is done.

The coarse aggregate used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is used for mortar, concrete and the like, and has a size of 5 mm or more, particularly generally 5 to 50 mm. It is appropriately selected according to the porosity or specific gravity required in the use of the final product, and is at least selected from known coarse aggregates such as natural aggregates, artificial aggregates, and lightweight coarse aggregates. One or more types may be mentioned.

Specific examples of the natural aggregate include river gravel,
Mountain gravel, river sand, mountain sand, sea sand, and the like are included. Among them, river gravel and river sand are particularly preferably used because of a low content of salt and organic impurities.

Examples of the artificial aggregate include porous zeolitic tuff, fired material such as crushed tile, crushed pottery, crushed sand, crushed stone, slag crushed stone, and artificial lightweight aggregate.

As the lightweight aggregate, fired shale, clay, fly ash or the like can be used.

In the present invention, a part of the coarse aggregate may be used as a heavy aggregate. Examples of the heavy aggregate include iron sand, barite, barite, limonite, magnetite, and other iron ores having a higher specific gravity than ordinary aggregates. In the body,
When these heavy aggregates are mixed to form coarse aggregates, the specific gravity increases, and the aggregates can be suitably used as concrete blocks or the like used for seawalls in bays and rivers. The unit volume weight of the cured product is more preferable because the specific gravity is such that it is not washed away by running water or the force of waves, for example, 2.0 t / m ³ or more.

In the present invention, by performing two-stage curing of normal pressure and high temperature curing and high pressure and high temperature curing, calcium hydroxide generated in the cement hardened body by normal pressure and high temperature curing is rapidly reduced in the high pressure and high temperature curing. It is extremely preferable because it can be changed to a crystalline calcium silicate compound.

In this case, the admixture of silica is added to the cement to increase the silica content in the cement and increase the chance of contact with the generated calcium hydroxide, thereby shortening the time until the completion of the reaction. In addition, the ratio of the crystalline calcium silicate compound can be increased.

Specific examples of the silica-mixed admixture include:
For example, fly ash, coal ash, silica fume, at least one or more selected from blast furnace slag powder and the like can be mentioned. In the present invention, it is preferable to use inexpensive and easily available fly ash or coal ash,
It is also preferable to use fly ash or coal ash from the viewpoint of effective use of industrial waste such as thermal power plants.

In this case, the content of the silica-mixed admixture is not particularly limited, but generally, the silica-mixed admixture is 15 to 75 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of cement in the cement slurry. Part.

When the content of the admixture mixed with silica is
If the amount is less than 15 parts by weight with respect to 0 parts by weight, the required effect cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 75 parts by weight, the balance with other components, especially sewage sludge incineration ash, is deteriorated, and environmental materials are deteriorated. Is not preferred because the characteristics of Therefore, from these viewpoints, in particular, 20 to 55
Desirably, the content is in parts by weight.

Further, in the present invention, a mixture of 5-35 parts by weight of a functional aggregate having an adsorbing function with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement in a cement slurry is used as the cured functional cement. It is preferable because the adsorption function is further improved and the characteristics as an environmental material are improved.

Examples of the functional aggregate include at least one selected from the group consisting of porous mineral materials such as zeolite, zeolitic tuff, porous iron oxide and pearlite, activated carbon and rice husk charcoal.

In the present invention, in order to improve workability, strength or other characteristics,
It is preferable to mix a water reducing agent in the cement slurry, uniformly distribute minute closed cells, disperse the cement particles, and increase the hydration reaction while suppressing excess water.

The water reducing agent is not particularly limited, and a commercially available water reducing agent may be used alone or in a suitable mixture. Specific examples thereof include β-naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate and the like. A known substance comprising an anionic surfactant represented by the formula (1) can be used.

The mixing ratio of the water reducing agent is not particularly limited, and may be adjusted in viscosity of the cement slurry, necessary workability or resistance depending on the use of the cured functional cement according to the present invention. Is appropriately determined so as to obtain the same, but it is generally desirable to add about 0.1 to 5% by weight based on the weight of cement.

Further, in the present invention, if necessary,
Known AE agents (air entraining agents) and the like may be used in combination as appropriate.

By the way, in the above-mentioned respective hardened functional cements according to the present invention, in producing each cement slurry corresponding to each hardened functional cement, the water powder ratio in each cement slurry is as follows. Although it is appropriately determined according to the required compressive strength and the viscosity required for the cement slurry, etc., in the present invention, in particular, cement and sewage sludge incineration ash, or fine aggregates to be blended as required For 100 parts by weight of powder,
Water is preferably 10 to 50 parts by weight, and more preferably 20 to 45 parts by weight.

If the amount of water is less than 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the powder, the porosity due to the evaporation of water is limited, or the kneading becomes difficult, and it becomes difficult to obtain a uniform cement slurry. On the other hand, if the amount of water exceeds 50 parts by weight, it is difficult to obtain necessary strength, and in any case, it is not preferable.

In the cured functional cement according to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, each of the above-mentioned cement slurries is used as a binder (coupling material) between coarse aggregates to have properties having continuous voids. It is characterized in that it is processed and cured by normal pressure / high temperature curing, high pressure / high temperature curing, or normal pressure / high temperature curing and high pressure / high temperature curing sequentially to form a continuous void structure.

In order to obtain the cured functional cement according to the present invention, first, the above-mentioned various cement slurries are formed as described above.

In this case, the water powder ratio in each cement slurry is appropriately determined according to the required compressive strength, the viscosity required for the cement slurry, and the like. As described above, in particular, 10 to 50 parts by weight of water is preferable with respect to 100 parts by weight of powder such as cement and sewage sludge incineration ash, or fine aggregate to be blended as required, and further, 20 to 45 parts by weight of water. Preferably, there is.

According to the present invention, each of the above-mentioned cement slurries is processed into a property having continuous voids by using it as a binder (binder) between coarse aggregates, and this is cured at normal pressure and high temperature, at high pressure and high temperature, or at normal pressure. It consists of a step of sequentially performing high-temperature curing and high-pressure and high-temperature curing to cure and form a continuous void structure.

In the present invention, as the step of processing each of the above-mentioned cement slurries into a porous state having continuous voids by using each of the above-mentioned cement slurries as a binder (binding material) between the coarse aggregates, for example, Examples of the method include a method in which the slurry is not adhered to the surface of the material and put into a mold and compacted, or a method in which each cement slurry and the coarse aggregate are mixed in the mold and then compacted.

Incidentally, the method of compaction in this case is not particularly limited, but generally,
The compaction may be performed only by the vibration force.In addition to the compaction by the vibration force, the compaction by the pressing force is used together, because the quality of the final product is further stabilized,
Particularly preferred.

Next, this is cured by normal pressure / high temperature curing, high pressure / high temperature curing, or normal pressure / high temperature curing and high pressure / high temperature curing in order to obtain a functional cement cured product having a continuous void structure. High-temperature curing such as pressure-high-temperature curing may be performed by the above-described methods, respectively, but is omitted here to avoid redundant description.

The obtained hardened functional cement body has relatively large voids of about 1 to 30 mm and relatively fine pores formed in the cement slurry, has a high porosity, adsorbability and water absorption. It has excellent properties, water permeability and fertilizing properties, and creates an extremely good space for breeding animals and plants.

In the hardened functional cement according to the present invention, the excellent adsorption function caused by the continuous voids and the porous structure and the high strength thereof are utilized, and further, the excellent cement derived from sewage sludge incineration ash is utilized. Purifying materials that improve water quality and air purification, and under-floor conditioning materials as environmental materials that utilize various functions such as greening functions and marine resources propagation functions, and the excellent adsorption function caused by the porous structure of the hardened functional cement. It can be used as a moisture control and deodorant wall material, a heat insulation / sound absorbing board, panels, building materials that make up a comfortable living space, greening, medium materials, soil improvement materials, and civil and agricultural materials that improve the environment for plant growth. In addition, concrete blocks that can be used for rooftop greening and side wall greening, as well as for seawalls and fish reefs, in particular, can suppress the elution of alkaline components and do not inhibit the inhabitation of plants, microorganisms, small animals, etc., such as algae and seaweed. It is very useful as and greening a substrate for concrete material or the like.

In the present invention, it is possible to recycle inexpensive sewage sludge incineration ash which can be used anywhere in the country, and furthermore, by using sewage sludge incineration ash for processing, it is possible to improve the environment. By hardening the functional cement as an environmental material for effective use of sewage sludge incineration ash, which is industrial waste, and molding the functional cement hardened material using it as a raw material, a large-sized space can be created. It can be effectively used as a functional concrete structure that is formed and inexpensive and has a water purification function, a vegetation base function for greening, and a marine product propagation function.

In order to achieve the above object, the hardened functional cement according to the present invention is characterized by comprising a composite of each of the hardened functional cements described above and ordinary concrete.

In the present invention, a method for producing a composite of each of the above-mentioned cured functional cements and ordinary concrete is not particularly limited. For example, first, ordinary cement slurry is poured into a mold, and then, On top of that, each cement slurry corresponding to each functional cement hardened body was poured and compacted as described above.
Alternatively, curing may be performed by performing high-pressure / high-temperature curing, or normal-pressure / high-temperature curing and high-pressure / high-temperature curing sequentially.

[0127] First, hardened ordinary concrete is manufactured, put into a mold, and then each cement slurry corresponding to each hardened functional cement is poured in and compacted as described above. Pressure and high temperature curing, or high pressure and high temperature curing, or normal pressure and high temperature curing and high pressure and high temperature curing may be sequentially performed and cured, or first, ordinary concrete and each functional cement hardened body are manufactured, and this is mortared. It is only necessary to adopt a method of joining with a joining material such as.

By the way, this hardened functional cement is
Since it is a porous hardened body and has voids, it is difficult to secure strength compared to ordinary concrete. In the case of a structure requiring strength, it is difficult to cope with porous concrete alone. Therefore, by forming a composite by integrating with ordinary concrete, the functionality as an environmental material is exhibited by porous concrete, and the structural part for securing strength is formed by ordinary concrete.

The cured functional cement (composite) according to the present invention is used as a revegetation material, particularly for disaster prevention structures (concrete) such as rivers, road slopes and retaining walls as civil engineering structures. The concrete surface is laid on a surface such as a riverbank or a road slope, and the concrete surface is suitably used as an environmental material for greening.

The cured functional cement (composite) according to the present invention can be used as a water quality resource material as a concrete structure for fish nests and fish reefs in rivers, or as a living material for plants, microorganisms, small animals, and the like. It is used as a natural restoration material by promoting greening, and in the marine area, it is used to improve the fishing ground environment by preventing shore burning, such as maintaining marine forests, rivers, and revetment ecosystems. In rivers and lakes, it is used to expand fish habitats. And this functional cement hardened | cured material (composite) originates in the excellent greening function, the marine resources propagation function, various adsorption functions, etc. resulting from the incineration ash of sewage sludge, and the porous structure of the functional cement hardened material. It is extremely useful as an environmental material utilizing the excellent adsorption function.

[0131]

As described above, the cured functional cement according to the present invention has the above-mentioned structure and is formed in a high-strength, porous structure, so that an excellent adsorption function caused by the porous structure is obtained. The sewage sludge incineration ash contains a large amount of elements and trace elements that are indispensable to the growth of plants. To improve the environment for plant cultivation caused by vegetation, and to improve the growth environment of plants such as land plants, algae, and seaweed. It is expressed.

In the present invention, sewage sludge incineration ash, which is industrial waste, can be used anywhere in the country, and furthermore, processing is added using sewage sludge incineration ash. As a result of the sewage sludge incineration ash making the cement calm to nature, it does not disturb the inhabitation of plants such as lakeside plants, river plants, aquatic plants such as algae and seaweed, and plants such as land plants, microorganisms, and small animals. It is very suitable for use as a material for roof greening and side wall greening, as a concrete block used for seawalls and reefs, and as a concrete material for greening boards.Sewage sludge incineration ash, which is industrial waste, is used as an environmental material for environmental improvement. It has an effect that can be effectively used.

[0133]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described specifically, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Example 1 100 parts by weight of sewage sludge incineration ash and 60 parts by weight of water were mixed and kneaded with 100 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement, and the kneaded cement slurry was placed in a mold chamber (diameter 50).
mm, a columnar shape having a height of 100 mm) and left for 1 hour, and then cured under normal pressure and high temperature.

In this case, the cement slurry is heated to about 30 ° C. by the heat generated by the hydration reaction started after the mixing of the raw materials. In this normal pressure and high temperature curing, the slurry is heated at this temperature (about 3 hours). After the temperature was raised from about 30 ° C. to 70 ° C., the temperature was maintained in a range of 60 to 75 ° C. and an average temperature of 70 ° C. for about 4 hours.

By the curing under normal pressure and high temperature, the cement slurry is hardened, and a porous hardened material having a composition of calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate is obtained.

Next, the porous cured product is placed in a furnace (autoclave) and cured under high pressure and high temperature. Before entering the autoclave, the temperature of the porous cured body is 35 to 45.
° C, but in the high-pressure and high-temperature curing, the porous cured body is heated from this temperature to 165 to 18 for 3 hours.
After the temperature was raised to 0 ° C. and the furnace pressure was raised from normal pressure to 9 to 10 kg / cm ² in parallel with this temperature rise, the furnace temperature was raised to 165 to 180 ° C., the average furnace pressure was increased to 175 ° C., and the furnace pressure was raised to 175 ° C. 9
To 10 kg / cm ^2, average 9.8 kg / cm ² after 4 hours, with 2 hours 30 minutes under vacuum the furnace pressure to atmospheric pressure, 120 ° C. The furnace temperature over 3 hours by forced air cooling After cooling to about 30 ° C. over 4 hours by water cooling, the temperature of the porous hardened body and the inside of the furnace are gradually cooled to room temperature by natural cooling. Then, when the porous hardened body is cooled to room temperature and then released, a columnar shaped hardened functional cement of the present invention of the present invention is obtained. When the compressive strength of this functional cement cured product was measured by the JIS A 1108 concrete compressive strength test method, it was 11 N / mm ²
Met.

By the way, the hydrothermal reaction that proceeds during the high-pressure and high-temperature curing suppresses the alkali elution from the hardened functional cement and increases the strength as an adsorbent. In addition, the hydrothermal reaction generates a CSH gel in which calcium hydroxide and siliceous are bonded in the adsorbent and a hydration product in which alumina is bonded.

Since the hydrated product has countless fine pores, it has a function similar to zeolite, that is, it has a physical adsorption ability, and as described later, water content such as an organic substance, a nitrogen compound, and a phosphorus compound. It has been found that it exhibits an excellent adsorption capacity to environmental pollutants that make eutrophication of coconut.

Example 2 The hardened functional cement obtained in Example 1 was pulverized,
A greening material consisting of a hardened functional cement was obtained by classifying to about 20 mm.

Example 3 100 parts by weight of sewage sludge incineration ash and 60 parts by weight of water were mixed and kneaded with 100 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement, and the kneaded cement slurry was mixed with a mold chamber (diameter 50).
mm, a columnar shape having a height of 100 mm) and left for 1 hour, and then cured under normal pressure and high temperature.

In this case, the cement slurry is heated to about 30 ° C. by the heat generated by the hydration reaction started after the mixing of the raw materials, and in this normal pressure and high temperature curing, the slurry is heated to this temperature (about 3 hours). After the temperature was raised from about 30 ° C. to 70 ° C., the temperature was maintained in a range of 60 to 75 ° C. and an average temperature of 70 ° C. for about 4 hours. Thus, a porous cured body is obtained.

Then, the porous cured product and the mold room temperature were gradually cooled to room temperature by allowing it to cool naturally, and then released from the mold, whereby the functional cement cured product of the present invention formed into a columnar shape was obtained. Obtained. When the compressive strength of this functional cement cured product was measured by JIS A 1108 concrete compressive strength test method, it was 7 N / mm ² .

This hardened functional cement was pulverized and
A greening material consisting of a hardened functional cement was obtained by classifying to about 20 mm. In this case, it was confirmed that the pulverization was extremely easy as compared with the functional cement cured product obtained in Example 1.

Example 4 100 parts by weight of sewage sludge incineration ash and 60 parts by weight of water were mixed and kneaded with 100 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement, and the kneaded cement slurry was mixed with a mold chamber (length 500 mm).
and a two-stage curing in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a plate-shaped, hardened functional cement for fishery resources (fisheries resource propagation substrate).

Comparative Example 1 Water 30 parts per 100 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement
A weight part is compounded, kneaded, and the kneaded cement slurry is molded into a mold chamber (column having a diameter of 50 mm and a height of 100 mm).
And a two-stage curing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a columnar cement hardened material.

Comparative Example 2 The hardened cement obtained in Comparative Example 1 was pulverized,
It was classified to about m to obtain a greening material composed of a hardened cement.

Comparative Example 3 Water 30 parts per 100 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement
A weight part is compounded, kneaded, and the kneaded cement slurry is molded into a mold chamber (column having a diameter of 50 mm and a height of 100 mm).
And cured only under normal pressure and high temperature in the same manner as in Example 3 to obtain a columnar cement hardened material.

The hardened cement was pulverized, and 10 to 20
As a greening material consisting of hardened cement after being classified to about mm.

Comparative Example 4 Water 30 parts per 100 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement
Parts by weight are mixed, kneaded, and the kneaded cement slurry is placed in a mold chamber of a mold (length 500 mm, width 500 mm, thickness 70 m).
m), and cured in two steps in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a plate-shaped hardened cement body for fishery resources (fishery resource breeding substrate).

With respect to Example 1 and Comparative Example 1,
The adsorption ability test of ammonia nitrogen and orthophosphoric phosphorus was performed in the following manner.

In the ammonia nitrogen adsorption ability test, 1 L of each test solution was adjusted with ammonium sulfate (special grade reagent) so that the initial concentration of ammonia nitrogen was 20 mg / L, and Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were separated. Immersed in a lL test solution in a lump, and stirred gently with a stirrer for 4 hours.
The ammonia nitrogen concentration after 24 hours was measured by indophenol blue absorption spectrophotometry, and the removal rate was calculated.

As a result, in Example 1, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen after 4 hours was 25%, and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen after 24 hours was 35%. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen after 3.5 hours was 3.5%, and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen after 24 hours was 4.5%.

The orthophosphoric phosphorus adsorption capacity test was performed by adjusting 1 L of a test solution with potassium dihydrogen phosphate (special grade reagent) so that the concentration of orthophosphoric phosphorus was 5 mg / L, and the test was performed on those test solutions. Each of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was immersed in a lump in a separate 1 L test solution, and the concentration of orthophosphoric phosphorus after 4 hours and 24 hours was measured by molybdenum blue absorption spectrophotometry while stirring gently with a stirrer. The removal rate was calculated.

As a result, in Example 1, the removal rate of the orthophosphoric phosphorus concentration after 4 hours was 55%, and the removal rate of the orthophosphate phosphorus concentration after 24 hours was 98%. Admitted. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, the removal rate of the orthophosphoric phosphorus concentration after a lapse of 4 hours was 4.5%,
4. The removal rate of the orthophosphoric phosphorus concentration after 24 hours has passed.
It was found to be 3%.

From the above results, it can be seen that the material of Example 1 has countless fine pores, and thus has a function similar to zeolite, that is, has a physical adsorption ability, and has a water quality such as an organic substance, a nitrogen compound and a phosphorus compound. It has been found that it exhibits excellent adsorption capacity to environmental pollutants that make eutrophication of coconut.

Next, using these Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the ion exchange capacity was measured by a soil nutrient analysis method.
As a result, the result of Example 1 was 21.4 me / 100 g, whereas that of Comparative Example 1 was 0.1 me / 100 g.
Thus, it is recognized that Example 1 is remarkably excellent.

Also, using the greening materials of Examples 2.3 and Comparative Examples 2.3, each of these greening materials was used as vegetation soil, and tall fesque, creeping red fesque, mugwort, and medhagi were sowed and grown. Was performed.

As a result, the seeds of Examples 2 and 3 germinated 5 to 15 days after sowing (variation was observed even in the species and the same species), and thereafter they did not die and did well. No inferiority was observed when compared to the vegetated soil that grew and was mixed with fertilizer, but that of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 was 3%.
Not only those that did not germinate even after 0 days were observed, but also that when germinated, they died during growth or hardly grew.

Further, using the marine resources breeding substrates of Example 4 and Comparative Example 4, these substrates were submerged in the sea and river water, respectively, and a comparative experiment of the state of algae adhesion by an exposure experiment was performed.

As a result, on the marine resource breeding substrate of Example 4, adhesion of algae was observed in seawater after 20 to 30 days, and 3 to 7 types of larvae (around 50 days) depending on the growth of the algae. It was observed that relatively large fish (fish having a size of 35 mm or less) and relatively large fish (fish having a size of more than 35 mm) were gathered.
No algae adhesion was observed even after the elapse of days, and no appearance of larvae gathering was observed.

In the marine resource breeding substrate of Example 4, adhesion of algae was observed in the river after 25 to 35 days, and depending on the growth of the algae, about 1 to 3 kinds of larvae (size: (Not more than 35 mm) were gathered, but in the marine resources breeding substrate of Comparative Example 4, 50
No algae adhesion was observed after the passage of days, and no appearance of the larvae gathering was observed.

Using the hardened functional cement obtained in Example 1 and the hardened cement obtained in Comparative Example 1, these were pulverized and classified with a 20-mesh sieve.
1g of each of the powders of the mesh-under (less than) cured product
The sample was collected and stirred with 100 mL of distilled water for 10 minutes, extracted, and the hydrogen ion concentration (pH) was measured. As a result, the pH of Example 1 was 9.5,
Comparative Example 1 had 11.5, and Example 1 had very little alkali elution.

Further, using the cured functional cement obtained in Example 1 and the sewage sludge incineration ash used in Example 1,
Each of these is crushed and classified with a 20-mesh sieve,
1 g of each of the cured product powders of 20 mesh under (less than) was collected, extracted with 100 mL of distilled water, and the elution amounts of arsenic and selenium were measured.

As a result, in the case of the first embodiment, arsenic 0.0
It is less than 1 mg / L and less than 0.002 mg / L selenium, whereas that of Comparative Example 1 is 0.74 mg / L arsenic.
Was found to be 0.40 mg / L for selenium.

In addition, for the test of the amount of Ca (0H) ₂ produced, a powder sample (vacuum dried for 1 day) immersed in acetone to completely stop the hydration reaction was analyzed by DSC (differential scanning calorimetry). Then, as a result of measuring the amount of Ca (OH) ₂ contained in each cured product, the amount of Ca (OH) _{2 in} Example 1 was 15.5 J / g, whereas that in Comparative Example 1 was 95 J / g. It was confirmed that the amount of Ca (OH) ₂ eluted was small.

By the way, sewage sludge incineration ash does not originally contain harmful substances, but harmful substances such as arsenic and selenium, which are impurities during the chemical treatment of sludge, are mixed and accumulated. In some cases, harmful substances exceeding the environmental standards related to soil pollution may be contained.However, even in such a case, it is possible to significantly suppress the elution of harmful substances by using a cement hardened body, and to use it safely as a resource. Admitted.

A hardened functional cement containing fine aggregate, a hardened functional cement containing fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, and a composite of hardened functional cement and ordinary concrete are formed and processed. Strength and durability as
The surface environment that secures and improves the quality as an environmental material such as a greening function and a water purification function, and is a composite of a hardened functional cement and ordinary concrete, with functionality added to the upper part of the ordinary hardened concrete As a result of being able to be effectively used as a material, the use of the hardened functional cement can be expanded, which is extremely useful.

[0169]

The functional cement cured product according to the present invention comprises:
Having the above-mentioned structure, it is formed in a porous structure with high strength with little change over time, and exhibits a water quality / air purification action and a harmful substance adsorption function utilizing an excellent adsorption function caused by the porous structure. In addition, sewage sludge incineration ash contains a large number of elements and trace elements that are indispensable for plant growth, and this sewage incineration ash improves the environment for cultivating plants, as well as terrestrial plants and algae. Purifying materials that improve water quality and air purification, underfloor humidity control, and humidity control as environmental improvement materials that improve the growth environment of plants such as seagrass and utilize various functions such as rooftop greening and marine resources propagation. Deodorant wall materials, heat insulation
It has an effect that it can be suitably used as a building material constituting a comfortable living space such as sound-absorbing boards and panels, a greening material, a medium material, a soil improvement material, a civil engineering / agricultural material improving a plant growing environment, and the like. .

Further, the functional cement hardened body according to the present invention can be used anywhere in the country, and the sewage sludge incineration ash, which is industrial waste, is used as a resource. This sewage sludge incineration ash makes the cement calm to nature, and as a result, plants such as lakeside plants, river plants, aquatic plants such as algae and seaweed, and plants such as land plants, microorganisms, small animals, etc. It is very suitable for use as a material for roof greening and side wall greening, as a concrete block used for seawalls and fish reefs, and as a concrete material for greening boards, etc. This has the effect that the waste sewage sludge incineration ash can be used effectively.

Further, the cured functional cement according to the present invention effectively utilizes sewage sludge incineration ash, which is industrial waste,
Moreover, by using it as a material to form a hardened functional cement, a large-sized space is formed, and it is inexpensive.
It exhibits the function of adsorbing water pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and suspended solids, and has excellent effects as a functional concrete structure having a water purification function, a vegetation base function for greening, and a marine product propagation function.

In addition, in the hardened functional cement according to the present invention, a rooting space for cultivating plants, water retention, fertilizing properties, retention of air permeability by combination with soil, and inhibition of breeding animals and plants are provided. To control the elution of alkali components in cement, and to control the elution of alumina and heavy metals in sewage sludge incineration ash, which hinder plant cultivation. Suppresses elution of harmful substances,
Due to surface irregularities, adhesion of algae due to iron in sewage sludge incineration ash, securing plankton, aquatic animal habitat,
It has the effect of significantly promoting the maintenance of ecosystems and the growth of marine resources.

In the functional cement hardened body according to the present invention, forming a space of a wide area means that the concrete structure covering the surface exhibits water permeability and realizes reduction of surface water to the underground. The effective use of sewage sludge incineration ash as a material is not a limited area in terms of recycling industrial waste, and it has a great effect as a countermeasure against social problems that it is possible to deal with large quantities at low cost. In addition, it has excellent effects, such as finding waste as resources that are in need of disposal, creating resources for environmental protection, and contributing greatly to a recycling-oriented society. .

Claims (6)

[Claims] Claims 1. A water content of 30 to 100 parts by weight of cement.
125 parts by weight and 15 to 125 parts by weight of sewage sludge incineration ash are kneaded to form a cement slurry, which is subjected to normal pressure and high temperature curing, or high pressure and high temperature curing, or normal pressure and high temperature curing and high pressure and high temperature curing sequentially. A functional cement cured product, which is a porous cured product. 2. 30 parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weight of cement.
125 parts by weight, 15 to 125 parts by weight of sewage sludge incineration ash and 100 to 300 parts by weight of fine aggregate are kneaded to form a cement slurry, which is then cured under normal pressure and high temperature, or under high pressure and high temperature, or under normal pressure and high temperature. And a high-pressure and high-temperature curing in order to obtain a porous cured product, thereby obtaining a cured functional cement. 3. Water of 30 to 100 parts by weight of cement is used.
125 parts by weight, sewage sludge incineration ash 15 to 125 parts by weight, fine aggregate 100 to 300 parts by weight and coarse aggregate 150 to 500 parts by weight are kneaded to form a cement slurry, which is then cured under normal pressure and high temperature, or A functional cement cured product characterized in that it is subjected to high-pressure / high-temperature curing, or normal pressure / high-temperature curing, and high-pressure / high-temperature curing sequentially to form a porous cured product. 4. The cement slurry according to claim 1, which is used as a binder (coupling material) between coarse aggregates, processed into properties having continuous voids, and cured under normal pressure and high temperature. Or a high-pressure / high-temperature curing, or a normal-pressure / high-temperature curing followed by a high-temperature / high-temperature curing to cure and harden a functional cement cured product having a continuous void structure. 5. A hardened functional cement comprising a composite of the hardened functional cement according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and ordinary concrete. 6. The functional cement according to claim 1, wherein 5 to 50 parts by weight of a functional aggregate having an adsorption function is blended with 100 parts by weight of the cement in the cement slurry. Cured body.