JP2002095953A - Reaction device for supercritical water - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reaction device for supercritical water, in which in the case of treating a hydrophobic organic substance such as PCB, a reaction of supercritical water is continued at a stable reaction temperature. SOLUTION: The reaction device 10 for supercritical water is a device, in which PCB is fed into a reactor together with water and subjected to oxidative reaction with supercritical water, is equipped with a reactor 12, a system for supplying PCB, water for producing supercritical water and a surfactant, an emulsification device 14 for emulsifying both PCB and water by the surfactant, a feed system for feeding air and an outflow system after the reactor 12. In this device, a neutralization quenching part 48, in which an alkali aqueous solution is poured to the treated liquid and the same is neutralized and quenched, is provided just after the outlet of the reactor 12 and a particle diameter detection device 52 for detecting the average particle diameter of the micell of an emulsion is provided just after the outlet of the emulsification device. In the case of PCB treatment, the surfactant is added so that the average particle diameter of the micell of the emulsion becomes <=2 μm.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a supercritical water reaction in which a hydrophobic organic substance and water, particularly a harmful hydrophobic organic substance such as PCB, and water are fed into a reactor and a supercritical water reaction is performed in the presence of supercritical water. More specifically, the present invention relates to a supercritical water reactor, in which a mixed fluid of a hydrophobic organic substance and water is stably fed into a reactor, and the supercritical water reaction is maintained at a stable reaction temperature. It concerns the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art With increasing awareness of environmental issues,
Attention has been paid to attempts to decompose and detoxify environmental pollutants using a supercritical water reaction having a high ability to oxidize / decompose organic substances. That is, harmful and hardly decomposable organic substances, such as PCB (polychlorinated biphenyl), dioxin, and organic chlorinated compounds, which were difficult to decompose in the related art by supercritical water reaction utilizing high reactivity of supercritical water. This is an attempt to decompose organic substances and convert them to harmless products such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water and inorganic salts.

[0003] A supercritical water reactor is a device that decomposes organic substances by using high reactivity of supercritical water. For example, harmless carbon dioxide and water are decomposed by decomposing hard-to-decompose harmful organic substances. In order to decompose hard-to-decompose high-molecular compounds and convert them into useful low-molecular compounds,
Its practical application is being actively studied. Supercritical water refers to water that is in a supercritical state, that is, water that is in a state beyond the critical point of water, and specifically, at a temperature of 374.1 ° C. or more and a pressure of 22.04 MPa or more. A state of water. Supercritical water has a high ability to dissolve organic substances and can completely dissolve non-polar substances, which are abundant in organic compounds, but has a very low ability to dissolve inorganic substances such as metals and salts. Further, the supercritical water can be mixed with a gas such as oxygen or nitrogen at an arbitrary ratio to form a single phase.

Here, a basic configuration of a supercritical water reactor will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a flow sheet showing the configuration of a conventional supercritical water reactor. The conventional supercritical water reactor 70 is a device for treating a liquid to be treated containing an organic substance by a supercritical water reaction in the presence of supercritical water, and as shown in FIG. A vertical pressure-resistant closed reactor 72 is provided as a vessel, and a processing solution pipe 74 through which the processing solution flows out of the reactor 72 is sequentially cooled by a cooler 76 for cooling the processing solution, and the pressure in the reactor 72 is controlled. A pressure control valve 78 and a gas-liquid separator 80 that separates the processing liquid into gas and liquid are provided. In addition, a tubular tubular reactor may be used instead of the vertical reaction vessel.

[0005] The supercritical water reactor 70 has a supply system for supplying a reactant to be used for the supercritical water reaction to the reactor 72.
A processing liquid pump 84 and an air compressor 86 are provided.
, And air as an oxidant is fed into the reactor 72 together with the liquid to be treated via an air supply pipe 90 connected to the liquid pipe 88 to be treated. Further, when the temperature of supercritical water cannot be maintained at a temperature higher than the supercritical water temperature only by the heat of oxidation of organic substances in the liquid to be treated, petroleum hydrocarbon is used as a heat energy source necessary for maintaining the supercritical water reaction in the reactor 72. An auxiliary fuel pipe 92 for feeding auxiliary fuel such as oil into the reactor 72 is connected to a liquid pipe 88 to be treated.
And, if necessary, an alkali agent inlet pipe 94 for feeding an alkali agent for neutralizing chlorine and the like generated from organic matter in the processing solution by the supercritical water reaction in the reactor 72 to the reactor 72. Are joined to the liquid pipe 88 to be treated. If the water in the liquid to be treated is insufficient and the supercritical water reaction cannot be maintained, supplemental water may be added to the liquid to be treated 88 via the supplementary water pipe 96.

A heat exchanger (not shown) for exchanging heat between the liquid to be processed and the processing liquid to cool the processing liquid and raise the temperature of the liquid to be processed to recover heat is provided upstream of the cooler 76. A preheating device for preheating the liquid to be treated is provided in the reactor
May be provided in the liquid pipe 88 to be processed, which is located upstream of the pipe. Furthermore,
A subcritical water region may be provided below the reactor 72, and a mechanism may be provided to settle and remove the inorganic salts generated in the reactor 72 in the subcritical water region.

[0007] By the way, PCBs and dioxins are examples of wastes for which it is strongly desired to establish a treatment method for detoxifying them. Recent research has shown that supercritical water reactions are used. As a result, the PCB is relatively easily decomposed, and the concentration of the remaining PCB in the processing solution is reduced to a specified value.
A supercritical water reaction technology capable of treating ppb or less is being established. When treating PCB by supercritical water reaction, PCB per unit amount is calculated as PC per unit amount.
Since the amount of heat required to maintain the supercritical water reaction for oxidative decomposition of B can be generated, there is no need to supply supplementary fuel to replenish heat energy, and water for generating supercritical water and PCB It has been proved theoretically and experimentally that it is sufficient to mix and send.

[0008]

However, when the hydrophobic organic substance and water are supplied to the reactor by separate pumps, if the supply of water is stopped due to some trouble, only the hydrophobic organic substance is supplied to the reactor together with the oxidizing agent. There is a danger that it will be sent and the temperature inside the reactor will rise abnormally. Further, in order to avoid this, if the hydrophobic organic substance and water are mixed and supplied by one pump, it is possible to avoid that only the hydrophobic organic substance is sent to the reactor.
There is a possibility that hydrophobic organic matter and water may be separated in the supply pipe to the reactor. In this case, to a lesser extent, the same problem as described above remains. Therefore, it is conceivable that an emulsion is formed in advance between the hydrophobic organic substance and water and this emulsion is supplied. However, if this emulsion formation is not successful, the separation of the emulsion will also occur, and the fluctuation of the temperature in the reactor will occur. (Up, down). For example, in some cases, the reaction temperature approaches the upper limit temperature, and in other cases, the reaction temperature approaches the lower limit temperature, and there has been a problem that the progress of the supercritical water reaction is extremely unstable.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a supercritical water system in which a supercritical water reaction is maintained at a stable reaction temperature even when a hydrophobic organic substance such as PCB and water are simultaneously fed into a reactor. It is to provide a reactor.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventor investigated the cause of the instability of the reaction temperature when mixing PCB and water and sending them to the reactor, and found that the cause was the following phenomenon. I found In a conventional supercritical water reactor, when a mixed fluid of PCB and water is sent to a reactor through a liquid pipe to be treated,
PCB is separated from water in the liquid pipe to be treated due to the property of easily being separated from water of PCB which is a hydrophobic organic substance,
A block of PCB-rich mixed fluid of water and PCB,
Block into water-rich blocks. Then, the mixed fluid is separated into a block having a high PCB concentration and a block having a low PCB concentration, and alternately flows into the reactor. As a result, when a block having a high PCB concentration flows into the reactor, the supercritical hydroxylation reaction proceeds rapidly, and the reaction temperature rises. Conversely, when a block with a low PCB concentration flows in,
It was found that the calorific value was insufficient and the reaction temperature was lowered. That is, it has been found that the instability of the reaction temperature is because the PCB does not flow into the reactor in a state of being dispersed in the liquid to be treated at a uniform concentration.

Therefore, the present inventor, when treating a hydrophobic organic substance such as a PCB, forms an emulsion-like fluid in which the hydrophobic organic substance and water are mixed and dispersed with each other, and the formed emulsion is treated. As a result of conducting various experiments with the idea of feeding into the reactor, the following was found. (1) When an emulsion is formed, simply adding a surfactant to water and a hydrophobic organic substance such as PCB and mixing and dispersing the same results in a stable reaction temperature in the reactor for the following reasons. Experiments have shown that no. That is, simply by adding a surfactant, mixing and dispersing, the micelles generated in the emulsion are dispersed in the emulsion tank containing the emulsion, in the liquid tube to be fed the emulsion, and further in the reactor. Often settles in a pumping pump that pumps it into the pump. As a result, the micelle concentration in the emulsion, and hence the concentration of the hydrophobic organic substance, becomes non-uniform, so that the temperature of the reactor fluctuates with the introduction of emulsions having different concentrations of the hydrophobic organic substance. That is, it was found that the properties of the emulsion determine the magnitude of the fluctuation of the reaction temperature.

(2) The factors that determine the properties of the emulsion are the average particle size and the micelle concentration of micelles formed in the emulsion, and the average particle size of the micelles is particularly important. When the average particle size of the micelles is large, the gravity acting on the micelles becomes larger than the negatively charged mutual repulsion of the micelles, and the micelles begin to settle. If the average particle size of the micelles is small, the mutual repulsion between the micelles exceeds the sedimentation force due to gravity, suppressing the sedimentation action and showing a long-term stable concentration distribution. That is, the smaller the micelle particle size, the more uniform the micelle concentration, and the longer the emulsion in a stable emulsified state can be maintained. Further, it was confirmed by an experiment that if the average particle size of the micelles was 2 μm or less, sedimentation of the micelles hardly occurred.

(3) There are also restrictions on surfactants, and any surfactant may be used, and it is important to use a nonionic surfactant. Applicable surfactants vary depending on the type of hydrophobic organic substance. However, organic chlorinated compounds containing a benzene ring such as PCB and dioxin include alkylphenyl ether, polycyclic phenyl ether, and sorbitan nonionic surfactants. A sorbitan-based or polycyclic phenyl ether-based nonionic surfactant is particularly desirable. By using these surfactants, an emulsion of water and PCB having an average micelle particle size of 2 μm or less can be easily formed. Further, if the surfactant contains an acid-forming component or a base-forming component, they may form salts or acids in the reactor, which may cause precipitation of salts or corrosion of the reactor due to the acid. It is important that the surfactant does not contain a base-forming component such as an alkali or an alkaline earth metal and an acid-forming component such as halogen and sulfur. (4) In order to reduce the average particle size of micelles to 2 μm or less,
It has been found that it is necessary to add a surfactant at a concentration of 5% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less based on the mass of the hydrophobic organic substance in the concentration range of the critical micelle concentration or more.

To achieve the above object, based on the above findings, a reactor containing supercritical water is provided, water and a hydrophobic organic substance are fed into the reactor, and an oxidizing agent is supplied to the reactor. Is a supercritical water reactor that performs a supercritical water reaction between a hydrophobic organic substance and an oxidizing agent in the presence of supercritical water, the thermal energy generated when the hydrophobic organic substance undergoes supercritical water oxidation. The water and the hydrophobic organic substance are mixed at a mixing ratio of water and the hydrophobic organic substance so that the temperature in the reactor can be raised to the reaction temperature of the supercritical water reaction in which the hydrophobic organic substance supercritically hydroxylates. In addition, a surfactant is further added, water, the hydrophobic organic substance, and the surfactant are mixed and dispersed with each other, and a mixing / dispersing means for forming an emulsion, and the emulsion is fed into a reactor. And a mixing / dispersing means,
It is characterized in that it can be adjusted so that the average particle size of the micelles in the emulsion is 2 μm or less.

Practically, the mixing / dispersing means is used in an amount of 5% by mass to 20% by mass relative to the hydrophobic organic substance.
The surfactant is added at the following addition rates. According to experiments,
By adding a surfactant at an addition rate in this range,
The average particle size of the micelles can be reduced to 2 μm or less.

The method for producing an emulsion includes the following (1)
A method of simultaneously mixing, stirring and dispersing water, a hydrophobic organic substance, and a surfactant, (2) first, water of a required amount or less,
A method in which a hydrophobic organic substance and a surfactant are mixed, stirred, and dispersed to form an emulsion, and water is replenished to a required amount immediately before being fed into a reactor. (3) Mixing water and a surfactant Stirring, dispersing, or dissolving, then mixing, stirring, and dispersing a hydrophobic organic substance in a mixed solution of water and a surfactant to form an emulsion; (4) water and a hydrophilic surfactant; Various methods such as mixing, dispersing or dissolving, separately mixing, dispersing or dissolving a hydrophobic organic substance and a hydrophobic surfactant, and mixing, stirring and dispersing both to form an emulsion. is there.

As a means for mixing and dispersing the emulsion, an emulsifying apparatus, a line mixer and the like are used. The position where the mixing / dispersion means is installed may be any position just before the reactor or a position suitable for the purpose of forming the emulsion, such as a point where water, a hydrophobic organic substance and a surfactant join.

Based on the above findings, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixing / dispersing means comprises an emulsifying apparatus for adding and mixing a surfactant to water and a hydrophobic organic substance to form an emulsion. It is. Alternatively, the mixing / dispersing means is a line mixer provided in an inlet pipe for feeding water and a hydrophobic organic substance into a reactor, and water and the hydrophobic organic substance are provided upstream of the line mixer. The surfactant is injected into the inlet tube.

An emulsifying apparatus is an apparatus for forming a stable and homogeneous emulsion by atomizing and dispersing a liquid that does not dissolve in the liquid by a strong mechanical force. The emulsifier uses a shear force generated when a liquid is forcibly passed at a high speed through a fine hole or nozzle or a narrow slit-like gap, and a shear generated by rotating a blade at a high speed in the liquid. There are a method using an impact force due to the destruction of force and cavitation, a method using ultrasonic waves, and the like.

The type of the line mixer used in the present invention is not limited, as long as it can produce an emulsion. For example, a static mixer such as a known ribbon type or disk donut type line mixer, or a machine such as a magnet stirrer. Use a stirring type.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiment 1 This embodiment is an example of an embodiment of a supercritical water reactor according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a flow sheet showing a configuration of a supercritical water reactor of this embodiment. The supercritical water reactor 10 according to the present embodiment uses PCB as a hydrophobic organic substance.
Is supplied to a reactor together with water for generating supercritical water to cause a PCB to react with supercritical water, as shown in FIG.
A reactor 12, a supply system for supplying PCB, water for generating supercritical water and a surfactant to the reactor 12, an emulsifier 14 for emulsifying PCB and water with a surfactant, a supply system for supplying air, And an outflow system after the reactor 12.

The water supply system includes a water tank 16 containing water.
And a water pump 18 for sending water from the water tank 16 to the emulsifier 14.
Therefore, the PCB supply system is the PCB containing the PCB
The tank 20 and a PCB pump 22 that sends the PCB from the PCB tank 20 to the emulsifier 14, and a surfactant supply system includes a surfactant tank 24 containing a surfactant and a surfactant tank 24. And a surfactant pump 26 for sending a surfactant to the emulsifying device 14. The emulsifying device 14 provided as mixing / dispersing means includes an emulsifying device main body 28,
An emulsion tank 30 containing the emulsion flowing out of the emulsification apparatus main body 28 and a feed pump 34 for feeding the emulsion from the emulsion tank 30 to the reactor 12 through the feed pipe 32 are provided.

The emulsifying apparatus main body 28 may be of a continuous operation type or a batch operation type. Furthermore, as long as the continuous operation type emulsifier main body 28 and the feed pump 34 can be smoothly linked, there is no need to provide the emulsion tank 30, and the emulsifier main body 28 and the feed pump 34 are connected by piping. Can be connected directly for continuous operation. In order to prevent the emulsion from separating again, the capacity of the emulsion tank 30 is desirably small, and more desirably, as described above, the emulsifier main body 28 and the feed pump 3.
And 4 are connected directly by piping to operate continuously. As the emulsifier main body 28 used in the present supercritical water reactor 10, for example, an emulsification stirrer or a vacuum emulsification stirrer manufactured by Mizuho Industry Co., Ltd. can be used.

The air supply system includes an air inlet pipe 36 connected to the inlet pipe 32 and an air compressor 38 for injecting air into the reactor 12 via the air inlet pipe 36 and the inlet pipe 32. Have. Further, similarly to the conventional supercritical water reactor, the supercritical water reactor 10 is provided with a cooler 4 for sequentially cooling the processing liquid to a processing liquid pipe 40 for discharging the processing liquid from the reactor 12.
2. a pressure control valve 44 for controlling the pressure in the reactor 12, and a gas-liquid separator 4 for gas-liquid separation of the processing liquid into gas and liquid
6 is provided. The supercritical water reactor 10 is provided with a neutralization quenching section 48 for injecting an aqueous alkali solution into the processing liquid to neutralize the processing liquid and quenching it immediately after the outlet of the reactor 12, where the aqueous alkali solution is added. An alkaline aqueous solution injection pipe 50 to be injected is connected.

In the present supercritical water reactor 10, a particle size detection device 52 for detecting the average particle size of micelles of the produced emulsion is provided between the emulsion tank 30 and the feed pump 34. The particle size detector 52 is of a scattered light type based on the same principle as the turbidimeter.

When the supercritical water reactor 10 is operated,
A surfactant is added so that the average particle size of the emulsion micelles is 2 μm or less. It should be noted that water and PCB which can raise the temperature in the reactor 12 to the reaction temperature of the supercritical water reaction by the energy generated when the PCB undergoes the supercritical water reaction.
When water and PCB are mixed at a mixing ratio of: and a surfactant is added at an addition ratio of 5% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less with respect to PCB, the average particle size of micelles in the emulsion is 2 μm. It can be:

In the present embodiment, the water for generating supercritical water and the PCB have an average micelle particle diameter of 2 μm or less and sedimentation of micelles occurs due to the action of the surfactant specified in the present invention. No, PCB concentration is constant, that is, PCB
Is almost uniformly dispersed in the reactor 1
2, the reaction temperature does not fluctuate unlike the conventional supercritical water reactor.

EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE An experimental apparatus having the same configuration as the supercritical water reactor 10 of the present embodiment was used, and the DCB used as a dummy substance of the PCB was used.
A supercritical water reaction of (dichlorobenzene) was performed, and the change in the reaction temperature in the reactor was examined. And the obtained change of the reaction temperature was shown in the graph of FIG. Experimental conditions Mixing ratio of water and DCB; mass of water: mass of DCB = 1: 1 surfactant; sorbitan-based nonionic surfactant Addition ratio of surfactant: 15 mass% with respect to mass of DCB

In the experimental example, first, water was fed into the reactor 12 while heating, and after about 4 hours, the temperature in the reactor 12 was raised to 40 ° C.
The temperature was raised to 0 ° C. At this point, IPA at a mass ratio of 1: 1
(Isopropyl alcohol) into water
Sent to. As a result, the oxidation reaction proceeded in the reactor 12 and the temperature in the reactor 12 rapidly increased, and reached 600 ° C. about 5 hours after the start of the experiment.
Instead of PA, DCB was started to be injected into the water at a weight ratio of 1: 1. At the start of the DCB injection, the surfactant was added at 15% by weight based on the weight of the DCB. After that, except for the initial period of the initial fluctuation, the temperature in the reactor 12 remained almost constant without fluctuation, as shown in the graph of FIG. The average particle size of the micelles measured by the average particle size detector 52 was 0.6 μm. In addition, the temperature in the reactor 12 was completely the same as the above result also when the experiment was carried out under the same conditions as above except that the addition ratio of the surfactant was 5% by mass.

Comparative Experimental Example This comparative experimental example is an experimental example performed as a comparative example to the experimental example. An experiment was performed in the same manner as in the experimental example except that the addition ratio of the surfactant was 2%, and a change in the reaction temperature in the reactor was examined. Incidentally, the average particle size of the micelles in the comparative experiment example, because the addition rate of the surfactant is low,
It was 3.1 μm. The change in the reaction temperature obtained in the comparative example is as shown in the graph of FIG. In the comparative experimental example, since the average particle size of the micelles was larger than 2 μm, the reaction temperature in the reactor 12 always fluctuated in a short cycle in the range of 30 ° C. to 40 ° C. as shown by the mark ● in FIG. . Therefore, the operation was stopped after 250 minutes had elapsed.

From the comparison between the experimental example and the comparative experimental example, it can be evaluated that the supercritical water reactor 40 of the present embodiment is effective in suppressing the fluctuation of the reaction temperature, and the reaction temperature is stabilized. In order to maintain the supercritical water reaction, it is understood that it is extremely important to adjust the addition rate of the surfactant so that the average particle size of the micelles is 2 μm or less. The following experiment was conducted in order to know the relationship between the amount of the nonionic surfactant added and the average particle size of micelles in the emulsion. That is, the mass ratio of water to DCB is 1: 1 and the concentration of the sorbitan-based nonionic surfactant is
2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%
%, And the emulsion was formed in an emulsifying apparatus CLEARMIX (manufactured by M Technique Co., Ltd.) at 20,000 rpm for 2 minutes. The diameter was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Table 1]

Embodiment 2 This embodiment is another example of the embodiment of the supercritical water reactor according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the supercritical water reactor of this embodiment. It is a flow sheet. The supercritical water reactor 60 according to the present embodiment has the same configuration as the supercritical water reactor 10 according to the first embodiment except that a line mixer 62 is provided as a mixing / dispersing means as shown in FIG. It has.

The type and form of the line mixer 62 are not limited as long as water, PCB and surfactant can be mixed and dispersed with each other to form an emulsion mixture. A static mixer such as a ribbon-type or disk-donut-type line mixer, or a mechanical stirrer such as a magnet stirrer can be used.

In this embodiment, water, PCB, and surfactant are fed by the water pump 18, PCB pump 22, and surfactant pump 26, respectively, and the line mixer 62 is used.
After thoroughly mixing and dispersing them, the reactor 1
Send to 2. As a result, the supercritical water reactor 60 of the first embodiment can be replaced with the supercritical water reactor 60 of the first embodiment.
Similarly to the above, the water for supercritical water generation and the PCB are mixed by the action of the surfactant so that the average particle size of the micelle is 2 μm or less.
Since the PCB concentration is constant, that is, an emulsion in which the PCB is substantially uniformly dispersed is introduced into the reactor 12 without sedimentation and separation of micelles, the reaction temperature is increased as in a conventional supercritical water reactor. No fluctuations occur.

[0035]

According to the present invention, for example, there is provided a mixing / dispersing means for forming an emulsion such as an emulsifying apparatus or a line mixer, and a feeding means such as a pump for feeding the emulsion into a reactor, and a PCB or the like. Of hydrophobic organic matter and water,
By homogenizing the emulsion with a surfactant added at a predetermined addition rate, the micelle can be introduced into the reactor without causing sedimentation and separation,
The fluctuation of the reaction temperature unlike the conventional supercritical water reactor does not occur. By using the supercritical water reactor according to the present invention, when treating a hydrophobic organic substance such as PCB, the supercritical water reaction can be maintained at a stable reaction temperature and the PCB can be reliably processed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet showing a configuration of a supercritical water reactor of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing a change in a reaction temperature in an experimental example and a comparative experimental example.

FIG. 3 is a flow sheet showing a configuration of a supercritical water reactor of Embodiment 2.

FIG. 4 is a flow sheet showing a configuration of a conventional supercritical water reactor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Supercritical water reactor of Embodiment 1 12 Reactor 14 Emulsifier 16 Water tank 18 Water pump 20 PCB tank 22 PCB pump 24 Surfactant tank 26 Surfactant pump 28 Emulsifier main body 30 Emulsion tank 32 Feed pipe 34 Inlet Pump 36 Air Inlet Pipe 38 Air Compressor 40 Processing Liquid Pipe 42 Cooler 44 Pressure Control Valve 46 Gas-Liquid Separator 48 Neutralizing Quenching Unit 50 Alkaline Aqueous Solution Injection Pipe 52 Particle Size Detection Device 60 Supercritical water reactor 62 Line mixer 70 Conventional supercritical water reactor 72 Reactor 74 Processing liquid tube 76 Cooler 78 Pressure control valve 80 Gas-liquid separator 84 Liquid to be processed pump 86 Air compressor 88 Liquid to be processed 90 Air inlet pipe 92 Auxiliary fuel pipe 94 Alkaline agent inlet pipe 96 Make-up water pipe

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) C07B 37/06 C07B 37/06 C07C 25/18 C07C 25/18 (72) Inventor Taro Kuramochi Koto-ku, Tokyo 1-272 Shinsuna Organo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Akira Suzuki 1-2-8 Shinsuna, Koto-ku, Tokyo Organo Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2E191 BA12 BA13 BB00 BC01 BC05 BD11 4D050 AA12 AB19 BB01 BC01 BC02 BC10 BD02 BD03 BD06 4H006 AA05 AC13 AC26 BA73 BB31 BE30 BE31 BE32 BE33 BE36 BE60 EA22

Claims (5)

[Claims] A reactor containing supercritical water is provided. Water and a hydrophobic organic substance are fed into the reactor, and an oxidizing agent is supplied to the reactor. A supercritical water reactor that performs a supercritical water reaction between a hydrophobic organic substance and an oxidizing agent. The thermal energy generated when the hydrophobic organic substance undergoes supercritical water oxidation, which causes the temperature inside the reactor to exceed When mixing water and the hydrophobic organic substance at a mixing ratio of water and the hydrophobic organic substance so that the temperature can be raised to the reaction temperature for critical hydroxylation, a surfactant is further added, and water and the hydrophobic organic substance are added. Mixing and dispersing means for mixing and dispersing each other with each other to form an emulsion, and a feeding means for feeding the emulsion into a reactor, wherein the mixing / dispersing means comprises micelles in the emulsion. That the average particle size can be adjusted to 2 μm or less. Supercritical water reactor to symptoms. 2. A nonionic surfactant which does not contain a base-forming component such as an alkali or an alkaline-earth metal and an acid-forming component such as a halogen or sulfur as a surfactant. The supercritical water reactor according to the above. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mixing / dispersing means adds the surfactant at an addition rate of 5% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less with respect to the hydrophobic organic substance. Critical water reactor. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mixing / dispersing means is an emulsifying apparatus for mixing and dispersing water, a hydrophobic organic substance, and a surfactant to form an emulsion. 2. The supercritical water reactor according to claim 1. 5. A line mixer provided in a feed pipe for feeding water and a hydrophobic organic substance into a reactor, wherein the mixing / dispersing means is provided at an interface between the water, the hydrophobic organic substance, and the water upstream of the line mixer. The supercritical water reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the activator is injected into the inlet pipe.