JP2002066515A - Processor of garbage and the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce facility cost and running cost in an apparatus where the heating means of a treating tank and the deodorizing means of an exhaust are installed. SOLUTION: The apparatus is provided with a treating tank 1 which is provided with a stirring means 3 and an outer air take-in port, exhaust flow passages (22, 24, 31a, 31b, 33 and 34) which suck air in the treating tank 1 and discharge it to the outside of the processor and a heating/deodorizing unit 26 and a heat exchanger 27 for heating the treating tank, which are arranged in the middle of the exhaust flow passage. The heating/deodorizing unit 26 is provided with the heating means and the deodorizing means on the lower side of the heating means. The heat exchanger 27 for heating the treating tank is arranged on the lower side of the heating means.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a processing device for composting, reducing or eliminating waste such as garbage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In this type of processing apparatus, garbage and the like stored in a processing tank and a floor material for promoting fermentation are subjected to a fermentation treatment while being stirred by stirring means. Generally, a heating means is used in combination. On the other hand, in this type of processing apparatus, odor control is indispensable, and various deodorizing means are used together. However, such a processing apparatus using both the heating means for the processing tank and the deodorizing means has a problem that the equipment cost and the running cost are high.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for treating garbage and the like which can solve the above-mentioned conventional problems. The processing tank 1 provided with the stirring means 3 and provided with the outside air intake 19, the processing tank 1
An exhaust passage having a blower 25 that sucks air inside and discharges the air to the outside, a heating unit interposed in the middle of the exhaust passage, and a heating unit interposed in the middle of the exhaust passage below the heating unit. And a heat exchanger 27 for heating the treatment tank interposed in the exhaust passage at a lower side than the heating means.

In carrying out the above-described apparatus of the present invention, a moisture removing means 28 is interposed in the exhaust flow passage on the upper side of the heating means 29, or a flow regulating valve is provided in the exhaust flow passage. Alternatively, the dust separating means 21 can be interposed on the upper side of the blower 25 in the exhaust passage.

[0005]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In FIGS. 1 to 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a processing tank formed inside a main body casing 2;
A stirring means 3 is provided. The agitating means 3 protrudes radially from the rotating shaft 4 by shifting the position of the rotating shaft 4 in the horizontal direction horizontally and at equal intervals in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 4 and changing the angle in the circumferential direction. Provided with a stirring tool 5. Each stirrer 5 is attached to the tip of an arm 5a having one end fixed to the rotating shaft 4 and extending in the radial direction, and has a plow-shaped scooping plate 6 with a rotating-direction end having a mountain-shaped point. The processing tank 1 includes a feed blade 7 provided between the arm 5a and the scooping plate 6 on the rotation direction side of the arm 5a.
The bottom plate 1a is curved in an arc shape along the rotation processing space below the rotation shaft 4 of the stirring means 3, and the scooping plate 6 is configured to rotate along the inner surface of the processing tank bottom plate 1a. ing. Reference numeral 8 denotes a drive unit of the agitating means 3 provided outside one end of the main body casing 2 in the left-right direction. The drive unit 8 includes a motor 9 and a speed reducer 10, and drives the rotary shaft 4 to rotate in a predetermined direction at a predetermined speed.

The stirrer 5 of the stirrer 3 (six in the illustrated example)
Are provided with feed blades 7 inclined in a direction having a feeding action to the left with respect to the rotation direction (three), and feed blades 7 inclined in a direction with a feeding action to the right with respect to the rotation direction. (Three) are mixed. Therefore, by rotating each stirring tool 5 via the rotating shaft 4 by the drive unit 8, the object to be processed in the processing tank 1 is scooped up by the plow-shaped scooping plate 6 having a sharp tip and crushed. In addition to receiving the action and the switching action, the feed blade 7 repeatedly receives the feed action on both the left and right sides in the axial direction. As a result, it is sufficiently stirred while being finely crushed.

[0007] In the front half position of the upper part of the main body casing 2 (processing tank 1), a processing object inlet 12 having an opening / closing lid 11 is provided.
Is provided at one end in the left-right direction of the main body casing 2 (the processing tank 1) (the side opposite to the side where the drive unit 8 is provided), and a first workpiece discharge port 15 having an opening / closing lid 13 and a chute 14 is provided. Is provided at a position on the front side of the rotary shaft 4 at a level slightly lower than the rotary shaft 4, and a second workpiece discharge port 17 having an opening / closing lid 16 at the same level as the processing tank bottom plate 1 a directly below the rotary shaft 4 is provided. Is provided. First workpiece discharge port 15
Is used to take out the object to be processed when the amount of the object to be processed in the processing tank 1 is larger than a predetermined amount. The second object to be processed outlet 17 takes out the entire amount of the object to be processed in the processing tank 1. However, when the present processing apparatus is used for volume reduction (extinction) processing of garbage and the like, the second processing object discharge port 17 is mainly used, so the first processing object discharge port is used. 15 can be omitted.

[0008] In the rear half position of the upper part of the main body casing 2 (processing tank 1), the suction and exhaust unit 18 extends over the entire left and right width.
Is installed. At the left and right ends of the intake / exhaust unit 18, outside air intakes 19 covered with punching metal or the like are provided. The outside air intake pipe 20 which curves to the center side of 1 is arrange | positioned. Therefore, outside air can flow into the processing tank 1 from the outside air intake 19 through the intake / exhaust unit 18 and the outside air intake pipe 20.

At a substantially central position in the intake / exhaust unit 18,
A cyclone type dust separating means 21 is provided.
This dust separating means 21 is provided with a vane plate 23 for swirling an ascending airflow in a vertical flow path 22 having a lower end opening into the processing tank 1, and an intake pipe 24 is opened downward at the upper center. . Since the intake pipe 24 communicates with the intake port of a blower 25 mounted on the upper part of the intake / exhaust unit 18, the air in the processing tank 1 is moved by the operation of the blower 25.
When the air is sucked into the intake pipe 24 via the
The ascending airflow inside the swirl 2 is swirled by the wing plate 23, and the dust is centrifuged, so that the amount of dust sucked into the blower 25 can be reduced.

A heating and deodorizing unit 26 is provided on the rear side of the main casing 2. This heating and deodorizing unit 2
Reference numeral 6 denotes a processing tank heating heat exchanger 27 formed below the processing tank bottom plate 1a from the air supply port of the blower 25 (a space that is simply in contact with the outside of the processing tank bottom plate 1a, And a catalyst for removing water, heating means 29, and a catalyst such as platinum, which are stacked from bottom to top so as to communicate with each other. A flexible pipe section 31a and a vertical pipe section 31b, which are provided with a deodorizing means 30 and communicate an air supply pipe 25a of the blower 25 and the moisture removing means 28, a horizontal pipe section 32 extending horizontally and horizontally from the deodorizing means 30, and a horizontal pipe. Part 32
And a vertical piping section 33 extending vertically downward from the bottom. The final vertical pipe section 33 is connected via a bent pipe 34 to the rear side near one end in the left and right direction of the processing tank heating heat exchanger 27 (the side opposite to the side where the drive unit 8 is located).

The water removing means 28 is formed by a partition 28a.
It is divided into a first compartment 28b to which the vertical piping section 31 is connected and a second compartment 28c to be connected to the heating means 29, and a U-shaped flow from the first compartment 28b to the second compartment 28c. The water in the flowing air is cooled and condensed in the passage, collected by the funnel-shaped bottom 28d, and discharged to the outside through the U-shaped drain discharge pipe 28e. Then, the air flowing through the water removing means 28 is supplied to the next heating means 29.
Is heated to a high temperature (for example, about 300 degrees Celsius) and sent to the deodorizing means 30, where it is deodorized by the catalyst. The deodorized high-temperature circulating air is supplied to the horizontal piping section 32,
It is fed into the processing tank heating heat exchanger 27 below the processing tank bottom plate 1a via the vertical pipe section 33 and the bent pipe 34.

The processing tank heating heat exchanger 27 is provided with an operation lever 35a at the rear side in the vicinity of the other end in the left and right direction (the end opposite to the side where the bent pipe 34 is connected). Is connected to an exhaust pipe 35 having an exhaust flow rate adjusting valve capable of adjusting the pressure.

The processing apparatus having the above configuration includes a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the processing tank 1 and a humidity (moisture) in the processing tank 1.
Sensor for detecting water, a spray nozzle for water addition into the processing tank 1, a sensor for detecting the input of garbage and the like, for example, a sensor for detecting the opening and closing of the open / close lid 11 of the input port 12 for the processing object Are disposed in appropriate places, control means including a microcomputer and a programmable sequencer for controlling the blower 25 and the heating means 29 based on the detection signals of these sensors, etc., an operation start switch, an operation indicator light, an emergency stop switch, etc. An operation panel equipped with

Next, an example of a control method by the control means will be described with reference to flowcharts shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. When a driving start switch on a control panel is operated by a male or the like (S1). At the same time, the operation indicator on the operation panel is turned on (S2) and the heating means 29 is turned on (S3).
The blower 25 is operated (S8). Accordingly, the inside of the processing tank 1 becomes a negative pressure, the outside air flows into the processing tank 1 from the outside air intake 19 through the intake / exhaust unit 18 and the outside air intake pipe 20, and the air in the processing tank 1 is blown by the blower. 25
After being heated to a high temperature and deodorized while removing excess water, the water is sent to a processing tank heating heat exchanger 27 below the processing tank bottom plate 1a. Then, the processing pipe heating heat exchanger 27 is connected to the exhaust pipe 3.
5 to the outside. Therefore, the inside of the processing tank 1 is heated by the high-temperature air flowing in the processing tank heating heat exchanger 27 below the bottom plate.

The control means includes an upper limit temperature Tu and a lower limit temperature Td with respect to the temperature in the processing tank 1 detected by the temperature sensor.
Is set. The control means compares the current temperature T detected by the temperature sensor with the set upper limit temperature Tu and lower limit temperature Td (S4, S7, S7).
9, S10) When the current tank temperature T is lower than the lower limit temperature Td, the blower 25 is operated at high speed (S11) and the heating means 29 is turned on (S3), and the current tank temperature T is lower than the lower limit temperature Td.
When the temperature is equal to or higher than d and equal to or lower than the upper limit temperature Tu, the blower 25 is operated at a medium speed (S12), and when the current tank temperature T is equal to or higher than the upper limit temperature Tu, the blower 25 is operated at a low speed (S13) and the heating means 29 is turned off. (S4).

In the control means, a lower limit humidity Hu is preset with respect to the humidity in the processing tank 1 detected by the humidity sensor. Then, the control means compares the current humidity H in the tank detected by the humidity sensor with the set lower limit Hd (S14, S15), and when the current humidity H in the tank is lower than the lower limit Hd, the blower 25 is operated. Is operated at low speed (S1
At the same time as 3), the water supply valve to the water spray nozzle for the treatment tank 1 is opened (S16). When the set time has elapsed (S17), the water supply valve to the spray nozzle for water addition is closed (S18), and the water addition in the treatment tank 1 is terminated.

Further, when the current tank humidity H is equal to or higher than the lower limit humidity Hd, the control means operates the drive unit 8 to operate the stirring means 3 (S19), and the current tank humidity H is equal to or lower than the lower limit humidity Hd. (S15) or when the current temperature T in the bath is equal to or higher than the upper limit temperature Tu (S4), the operation of the stirring means 3 by the drive unit 8 is stopped (S20).

In the processing tank 1 in the above-mentioned operating state, garbage and the like and a specified amount of fermentation-promoting floor material (eg, rice hulls, wood chips, a mixture thereof and the like) are introduced into the processing tank 1 through the processing object inlet 12. Then, the loading of the workpiece into the processing tank 1 is detected by the workpiece loading sensor (S21), and the operation of the stirring means 3 by the drive unit 8 is started (S19).
At the start of the operation of the stirring means 3, the current temperature T in the tank is lower than the lower limit temperature Td and the humidity H in the current tank is higher than the lower limit Hd due to the input processing object. The heating in the tank is continued (S3, S4), and the constantly operating blower 25 is operated at high speed (S1).
1).

By the crushing and stirring operation of the object to be treated by the stirring means 3, the indirect heating of the tank by the heating means 29, and the high-speed operation of the blower 25, the water evaporation and fermentation of the object to be treated in the treatment tank 1 are performed. proceed. When the current temperature T in the tank exceeds the lower limit temperature Td due to the evaporation of water and the progress of fermentation (S9, S10), the blower 25 is switched from high-speed operation (S11) to medium-speed operation (S12). Then, when the water evaporation and the fermentation of the processing object in the processing tank 1 further progress and the current temperature T in the tank exceeds the upper limit temperature Tu (S4, S9, S
10), the heating means 29 is turned off (S5), and the operation of the stirring means 3 by the drive unit 8 is stopped (S2).
0), the operation indicator is switched to blinking (S6), and the blower 25 is switched from the medium speed operation (S12) to the low speed operation (S13). Even if the current tank temperature T does not exceed the upper limit temperature Tu, if the current tank humidity H is lower than the lower limit humidity Hd (S14, S15), the blower 25 is switched to low-speed operation (S13) and the drive unit is operated. The operation of the stirring means 3 by 8 is stopped (S20), and at the same time, the water supply valve to the water spray nozzle for the inside of the processing tank 1 is opened (S16). When the set time has elapsed (S1)
7) The water supply valve to the water spray nozzle is closed (S1).
8), the water addition in the processing tank 1 is completed.

By repetition of the above operation, the object to be processed in the processing tank 1 is subjected to the crushing and stirring action by the stirring means 3 while being maintained at an appropriate temperature and at an appropriate humidity.
It decomposes into water and carbon dioxide without decay, and is reduced or extinguished and almost becomes only a floor material. Of course, depending on the composition of the flooring material, the flooring material itself is fermented and decomposed to reduce the volume. Objects to be treated, such as garbage,
The remaining amount in the processing tank 1 can be timely charged by checking the remaining amount.
Further, depending on the composition of the waste and the floor material to be used, an appropriately fermented material can be taken out as compost and reused.

In the above control, as the current tank temperature T increases, or the current tank humidity H decreases to the lower limit humidity Hd.
The lower the operating speed of the blower 25 is, the lower the operating speed of the blower 25 is, because the amount of dust generated by the drying of the object to be processed is increased, the dust that cannot be removed by the dust separating means 21 is operated at high speed. This is to minimize discharge to the outside as much as possible. Of course, the dust separating means 21
It is more effective when not provided.

[0022]

The apparatus for treating garbage and the like of the present invention can be implemented and used as described above. According to the apparatus for treating garbage and the like of the present invention, the apparatus can The fact that the odor generated during the fermentation decomposition treatment of garbage and the like dissipates outside the machine with the ventilation required for removing the water in the treatment tank is a heating means in the exhaust passage for the ventilation. And the deodorizing means can be effectively prevented, and the installation environment of the processing apparatus can be prevented from being deteriorated by odor escaping to the surroundings. In addition, high-temperature exhaust gas heated to perform deodorization effectively is sent to the heat exchanger for heating the processing tank and used as a heating source for the processing tank, so a dedicated heating source for heating the processing tank is required. It can be omitted, which helps to reduce the initial cost and running cost of the device.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the water content in the exhaust gas can be reduced by the moisture removing means before heating by the heating means, so that the subsequent heating and deodorization can be performed more effectively. I can do it.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the exhaust gas passing through the heating means and the heat exchanger for heating the processing tank is adjusted by adjusting the flow control valve in the exhaust passage (including the final exhaust port). The flow rate is adjusted, and as a result, the amount of heat applied to the processing tank can be adjusted, and the temperature in the processing tank can be satisfactorily controlled without having to adjust the amount of heat of the heating means.

Further, according to the structure of the fourth aspect, it is possible not only to reduce the amount of dust contained in the exhaust gas from the inside of the processing tank but also to suppress the amount of dust discharged to the outside of the processing tank. This can reduce the adverse effects of dust on the devices in the exhaust passage.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially longitudinal rear view illustrating an exhaust passage.

FIG. 2 is a partially longitudinal side view illustrating a structure inside a processing tank, a dust removing unit in an exhaust passage, and a heat exchanger for heating a processing tank.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional front view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a partially longitudinal side view illustrating a drive unit of the stirring means.

FIG. 5 is a first half of a flowchart illustrating a control method.

FIG. 6 is a latter half of a flowchart illustrating a control method.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Processing tank 3 Stirrer 5 Stirrer 8 Stirrer drive unit 12 Workpiece inlet 15 First workout outlet 17 Second workout outlet 18 Intake and exhaust unit 19 External air intake 20 External air intake pipe 21 Dust separation means 22 Vertical flow path (inlet of exhaust flow path) 25 Blower 26 Heat deodorizing unit 27 Heat exchanger for processing tank heating 28 Water removing means 29 Heating means 30 Deodorizing means 35 Exhaust port with exhaust flow rate control valve (Exhaust Outlet of flow path)

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI Theme coat II (reference) B01F 15/00 C05F 17/02 4G037 15/06 B04C 9/00 4H061 C05F 17/02 B09B 3/00 ZABD // B04C 9 / 00 B01D 53/36 HF term (reference) 4D004 AA03 AC04 BA04 CA04 CA15 CA19 CA22 CA32 CA48 CB04 CB13 CB28 CB32 CC08 DA01 DA02 DA06 DA08 DA09 4D031 AA01 AC01 AC02 AC06 BB10 4D048 AA22 AB03 BA30X BB05 CC04 CC52 CC52 CC52 CD03 CD10 DA01 DA05 4D052 AA00 BA00 BB00 GA03 GB03 4D053 AA03 AB01 BA01 BB08 BC03 BD01 CA24 CC07 CC11 DA10 4G037 CA03 DA30 4H061 AA03 CC47 GG14 GG18 GG43 GG70

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A processing tank provided with a stirring means and provided with an outside air intake, an exhaust flow path with a blower for sucking air in the processing tank and discharging the air to the outside of the processing tank, and is provided in the middle of the exhaust flow path. A heating means, a deodorizing means interposed in the middle of the exhaust passage on the lower side of the heating means, and a heat exchanger for heating the treatment tank interposed in the middle of the exhaust passage on the lower side of the heating means; An apparatus for treating garbage and the like, comprising: 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a moisture removing unit disposed in the middle of the air flow passage on a side farther than the heating unit.
An apparatus for treating garbage and the like according to 1. 3. The apparatus for treating garbage or the like according to claim 1, wherein an exhaust flow control valve is provided in the exhaust passage. 4. The apparatus for treating garbage or the like according to claim 1, wherein a dust separating means is disposed on the upstream side of the blower in the exhaust passage.