JP2002045964A - Arc welding method and arc welding apparatus - Google Patents
Arc welding method and arc welding apparatusInfo
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- JP2002045964A JP2002045964A JP2000234734A JP2000234734A JP2002045964A JP 2002045964 A JP2002045964 A JP 2002045964A JP 2000234734 A JP2000234734 A JP 2000234734A JP 2000234734 A JP2000234734 A JP 2000234734A JP 2002045964 A JP2002045964 A JP 2002045964A
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- arc
- base material
- welding
- arc welding
- burn
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【０００２】本発明は、自動車ボデーなどの薄板状母材
同士のアーク溶接に好適なアーク溶接方法とアーク溶接
装置に関する。[0002] The present invention relates to an arc welding method and an arc welding apparatus suitable for arc welding thin sheet-like base materials such as automobile bodies.
【０００３】[0003]
【０００４】自動車ボデーのアッパーパネル等の板金パ
ネル同士を重ねて強固に溶接する溶接法として、板金パ
ネルの表裏両面を一対の電極で挟持してスポット溶接す
るスポット溶接法と、板金パネルの表面側だけから溶接
ワイヤを使いアークを発生させて溶接するアーク溶接法
がある。スポット溶接法は、板金パネルの表裏両面側に
一対の電極が入るスペース的余裕がある場合に限り採用
される。アーク溶接法は、板金パネルの表面側から溶接
ワイヤを接近させて板金パネル自体を溶融させると共に
この溶融部分に溶接ワイヤからの溶滴を付着させて溶接
するため、板金パネルの裏面側のスペース的余裕の有無
にほとんど関係なく溶接ができて、スポット溶接法に比
べて溶接できる母材の形状等に対する自由度が高い。そ
のため、形状の多様化が著しい自動車ボデーの板金パネ
ル同士の溶接にアーク溶接法が多用される傾向にある。[0004] As a welding method for overlapping and firmly welding sheet metal panels such as an upper panel of an automobile body, a spot welding method in which the front and rear surfaces of the sheet metal panel are sandwiched by a pair of electrodes and spot welding is performed, and a front side of the sheet metal panel. There is an arc welding method in which an arc is generated using only a welding wire to perform welding. The spot welding method is adopted only when there is enough space for a pair of electrodes on both sides of the sheet metal panel. In the arc welding method, the welding wire is approached from the front side of the sheet metal panel to melt the sheet metal panel itself, and a droplet from the welding wire is attached to the molten portion to perform welding, so that the space on the back side of the sheet metal panel is limited. Welding can be performed almost irrespective of whether there is a margin, and the degree of freedom with respect to the shape of the base material that can be welded is higher than in the spot welding method. For this reason, the arc welding method tends to be frequently used for welding sheet metal panels of an automobile body, whose shapes are remarkably diversified.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】[Problems to be solved by the invention]
【０００６】自動車ボデーの板金パネルのような薄板鋼
板の母材をアーク溶接する場合、母材の板厚が２ｍｍを
越える場合は、アークで溶融した母材溶融部分が溶け落
ちる可能性が少ないが、板厚が２ｍｍ以下で薄くなるほ
ど母材溶融部分が溶け落ちる可能性が高くなる。この母
材の溶け落ち現象を図５（Ａ）〜（Ｄ）に基づき説明す
る。When a base material of a thin steel plate such as a sheet metal panel of an automobile body is arc-welded, and when the thickness of the base material exceeds 2 mm, there is little possibility that the molten portion of the base material melted by the arc will melt off. In addition, the thinner the plate thickness is 2 mm or less, the higher the possibility that the molten portion of the base material will melt off. The burn-through phenomenon of the base material will be described with reference to FIGS.
【０００７】図５（Ａ）に示すように、母材１の表面に
接近させたワイヤ２と母材１との間に溶接電圧を印加し
てアーク３を発生させ、アーク熱で母材１の表面とワイ
ヤ２の先端部を溶融させて母材１表面に溶融金属溜まり
である溶融部分４を形成する。この溶融部分４は溶融池
や溶融膜と称されている部分で、以下、必要に応じて溶
融池４と称する。なお、母材１は、２枚の薄板鋼板の表
面側母材１ａと裏面側母材１ｂを重ねたものであり、図
５（Ａ）は表面側母材１ａに溶融池４が形成された溶接
前半期が示される。図５（Ａ）からアーク溶接が継続す
ると、図５（Ｂ）に示すように溶融池４が裏面側母材１
ｂにまで達して、溶融池４の底部が裏面側母材１ｂの裏
面に少し露呈する。この図５（Ｂ）が溶接後半期であ
る。さらにアーク溶接が継続されると、図５（Ｃ）に示
すように溶融池４の面積と容積が拡大する。なお、図５
（Ｂ）の時点、或いは、図５（Ｂ）から（Ｃ）に移行す
るタイミングでアーク溶接終了の処置を施すと、母材１
の溶け落ちの可能性が少なくて良好なアーク溶接が可能
となる。図５（Ｃ）のように溶融池４が面積、容積共に
拡大すると、溶融池４の表面に作用するアーク力と溶融
池４の溶融金属の自重でもって溶融池４が垂れ下がって
短時間で図５（Ｄ）に示すように溶融池４が母材１から
溶け落ち、母材１に穴開き部５が形成される。このよう
な母材１のアーク溶接部分での溶け落ちは、母材１に加
わる外部からの振動、衝撃力で助長される。As shown in FIG. 5A, an arc 3 is generated by applying a welding voltage between a wire 2 approaching the surface of the base material 1 and the base material 1, and an arc heat is generated. Of the wire 2 and the tip of the wire 2 are melted to form a molten portion 4 as a pool of molten metal on the surface of the base material 1. The molten portion 4 is a portion called a molten pool or a molten film, and is hereinafter referred to as a molten pool 4 as necessary. In addition, the base material 1 is obtained by laminating the front-side base material 1a and the back-side base material 1b of two thin steel plates, and FIG. 5A shows that the molten pool 4 is formed on the front-side base material 1a. The first half of welding is shown. When the arc welding is continued from FIG. 5A, as shown in FIG.
b, the bottom of the molten pool 4 is slightly exposed on the back surface of the back-side base material 1b. FIG. 5B shows the latter half of welding. When the arc welding is further continued, the area and volume of the molten pool 4 are increased as shown in FIG. FIG.
At the time of (B), or at the timing of shifting from FIG.
Good arc welding is possible with less possibility of burn-through. As shown in FIG. 5 (C), when the area and the volume of the molten pool 4 are both enlarged, the molten pool 4 hangs down due to the arc force acting on the surface of the molten pool 4 and the weight of the molten metal of the molten pool 4, and the molten pool 4 hangs quickly. As shown in FIG. 5 (D), the molten pool 4 melts down from the base material 1, and a hole 5 is formed in the base material 1. Such burn-through of the base material 1 at the arc welded portion is promoted by external vibration and impact applied to the base material 1.
【０００８】以上の母材１の溶け落ちは、図５（Ａ）か
ら（Ｂ）に移行するタイミングでアーク溶接終了の処置
を施すと確実に回避されるが、このようなアーク溶接で
は母材１の裏面側母材１ｂの溶融が不十分となって溶接
品質が悪くなる。図５（Ｂ）の時点や図５（Ｂ）から
（Ｃ）に移行する時点でアーク溶接終了の処置を施して
母材１の溶け落ちを少しでも防止する対策として、アー
ク溶接機電源部の制御特性安定化対策や溶接ワイヤ速度
制御対策、溶接ワイヤ材質変更対策、アーク溶接部分で
のシールドガスの種類変更対策等が試行されている。し
かし、溶接時のアークはその形状や強弱にばらつきがあ
り、母材が溶けてできる溶融池そのものの高精度な状況
把握が難しくて、前記の各対策で母材の溶け落ちを高精
度で防止することができない。そこで、母材の溶け落ち
が発生すると、溶け落ちた穴開き部を手作業で溶接し修
正を行っているが、この手作業での後溶接箇所が多くな
ると作業性が悪く、アーク溶接のコストダウンが難しく
なる。[0008] The above-mentioned burn-through of the base material 1 can be reliably avoided by performing a procedure for terminating the arc welding at the timing of transition from FIG. 5 (A) to FIG. 5 (B). 1, the melting of the back surface side base material 1b is insufficient, and the welding quality is deteriorated. At the time of FIG. 5 (B) or at the time of transition from FIG. 5 (B) to (C), as a countermeasure to prevent the base metal 1 from being burnt off by taking a measure of ending the arc welding, a power supply of the arc welding machine power supply unit is used. Attempts are being made to stabilize the control characteristics, to control the welding wire speed, to change the material of the welding wire, to change the type of shielding gas in the arc welding part, and the like. However, the shape and strength of the arc during welding vary, making it difficult to grasp the state of the molten pool itself, which is formed by melting the base material, and preventing the base material from being burnt off with the above measures. Can not do it. Therefore, when burn-through of the base metal occurs, the burnt-out hole is manually welded and corrected. However, if the number of post-welding points in this manual work increases, workability is poor and the cost of arc welding is reduced. Down becomes difficult.
【０００９】本発明の目的は，板厚２ｍｍ以下の薄板鋼
板等の母材をアーク溶接する場合でも高い信頼度で溶け
落ちを防止可能なアーク溶接方法とアーク溶接装置を提
供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide an arc welding method and an arc welding apparatus capable of preventing burn-through with high reliability even when arc welding a base material such as a thin steel plate having a thickness of 2 mm or less.
【００１０】[0010]
【００１１】本発明方法は前記課題を達成するため、母
材と溶接ワイヤ間に発生させたアークで母材の被溶接部
分を溶融させるアーク溶接時に、アーク電圧とアーク電
流の少なくとも一方の検出信号から母材のアーク溶接さ
れている溶融部分表面での脈動レベルを検知し、この脈
動レベル検知信号をアーク溶接時の溶け落ちを抑制する
制御信号としたことを特徴とする。また本発明装置は前
記課題を達成するため、母材と溶接ワイヤ間に発生させ
たアークで母材の被溶接部分を溶融するアーク溶接装置
において、アーク電圧とアーク電流のうち少なくとも一
方の検出信号からアーク溶接による母材溶融部分表面で
の脈動レベルを検知し、この脈動レベル検知信号をアー
ク溶接時の溶け落ちを抑制する制御信号として出力する
溶け落ち抑制部を備えたことを特徴とする。According to the method of the present invention, at least one of an arc voltage and an arc current is detected at the time of arc welding in which a portion to be welded of a base material is melted by an arc generated between the base material and a welding wire. A pulsation level at the surface of the molten portion of the base material where the arc is welded, and the pulsation level detection signal is used as a control signal for suppressing burn-through during arc welding. According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an arc welding apparatus for melting a welded portion of a base material with an arc generated between the base material and a welding wire. A pulsation level on the surface of the base metal melted portion by arc welding, and a burn-through suppression unit that outputs a pulsation level detection signal as a control signal for suppressing burn-through during arc welding.
【００１２】この溶融池の固有振動については、従来よ
り大きさ、材質等により決定されることが知られてい
る。本発明者は、このことを様々な角度から検証し、ア
ーク発生から溶け落ちに至るまでの振動数の変化に着目
し、特に、溶け落ち直前では振動が著しく脈動として現
れる現象を突き止めた。さらに、その脈動レベルは、ア
ーク電圧、アーク電流を測定することにより把握できる
ことを知見して前記発明方法と装置を開発した。It is known that the natural vibration of the molten pool is conventionally determined by the size, material, and the like. The present inventor has verified this from various angles, and focused on the change in the frequency from the occurrence of the arc to the burn through, and in particular, has found a phenomenon in which the vibration appears as a pulsation immediately before the burn through. Further, the inventors have found that the pulsation level can be grasped by measuring the arc voltage and the arc current, and developed the above-described method and apparatus according to the present invention.
【００１３】また、具体的に本発明は、前記アーク電圧
のピーク値の間隔のばらつき度合いを検出して母材のア
ーク溶接されている溶融部分表面の脈動レベルを検知す
ることを特徴とする。Further, specifically, the present invention is characterized in that the pulsation level of the surface of the welded portion of the base metal arc-welded is detected by detecting the degree of variation in the interval between the peak values of the arc voltage.
【００１４】さらに本発明は、母材の溶け落ちを尚一層
の信頼度で防止する目的を達成するため、前記母材の表
面側のアーク溶接されている溶融部分の母材裏面側での
露呈形状を、母材裏面側に配置したレーザー距離センサ
ーで測定し、この測定信号をアーク溶接時の溶け落ち抑
制の制御信号の１つに役立てることを特徴とする。Further, in order to achieve the object of preventing burn-through of the base material with even higher reliability, the present invention exposes an arc-welded fused portion on the front side of the base material on the back side of the base material. The shape is measured by a laser distance sensor disposed on the back side of the base material, and this measurement signal is used as one of control signals for suppressing burn-through during arc welding.
【００１５】ここでのレーザー距離センサーは、母材の
裏面側に配置されて母材の裏面にアーク溶接される溶融
部分が少しでも現れると、現れた溶融部分の大きさを測
定する。レーザー距離センサーで測定された母材裏面の
溶融部分の測定値信号から、溶融部分が溶け落ちする少
し前の段階であるか否かが判定できて、この判定信号を
アーク電圧やアーク電流から得られた制御信号と共に溶
け落ちを抑制する制御信号に利用すれば、溶け落ち防止
がより高精度で実行できる。また、レーザー距離センサ
ーは市販の小型で安価な光学センサーが使用できる。こ
のようなレーザー距離センサーと母材との間には、外来
光をカットして測定精度を上げるフィルターが必要に応
じて設置される。The laser distance sensor here is arranged on the back side of the base material, and measures the size of the melted part that has appeared when any welded portion to be arc welded appears on the back side of the base material. From the measured value signal of the molten portion on the back surface of the base material measured by the laser distance sensor, it can be determined whether or not the stage is just before the molten portion melts down, and this determination signal is obtained from the arc voltage and arc current. By using the control signal together with the control signal for suppressing burn-through, burn-through prevention can be performed with higher accuracy. As the laser distance sensor, a commercially available small and inexpensive optical sensor can be used. Between the laser distance sensor and the base material, a filter that cuts extraneous light and improves measurement accuracy is installed as needed.
【００１６】[0016]
【００１７】本発明方法の第１の実施形態を図１〜図３
を参照し、第２の実施形態を図４を参照して順に説明す
る。FIGS. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the method of the present invention.
And the second embodiment will be sequentially described with reference to FIG.
【００１８】図１には、図５の母材１をアーク溶接する
アーク溶接機とその電源部１０が示される。電源部１０
は、母材１と溶接ワイヤ２に出力波形のアーク電圧Ｖｘ
を印加して母材１の表面と溶接ワイヤ２の先端との間に
アーク３を発生させる従来同様のアーク溶接機能を有す
る。この電源部１０には、アーク溶接時のアーク電圧Ｖ
ｘを検出するアーク電圧検出手段１１と、アーク溶接時
のアーク電流Ｉｘを検出するアーク電流検出手段１２
と、アーク溶接時の溶け落ちを未然に防止するための溶
け落ち抑制部２０が装備される。溶け落ち抑制部２０
は、アーク溶接時に検出されるアーク電圧Ｖｘとアーク
電流Ｉｘの両方或いはいずれか一方の検出信号から母材
１のアーク溶接されている溶融部分である溶融池４の表
面の脈動レベル（脈動する表面の上下レベル等）を検知
して、この脈動レベル検知信号をアーク溶接時の溶け落
ちを防止するための制御信号Ｃｘとして電源部１０に出
力する。FIG. 1 shows an arc welding machine for arc welding the base material 1 shown in FIG. 5 and a power supply unit 10 thereof. Power supply unit 10
Is the arc voltage Vx of the output waveform applied to the base metal 1 and the welding wire 2.
Is applied to generate an arc 3 between the surface of the base material 1 and the tip of the welding wire 2 and has a conventional arc welding function. The power supply 10 has an arc voltage V at the time of arc welding.
arc voltage detecting means 11 for detecting x, and arc current detecting means 12 for detecting arc current Ix at the time of arc welding.
In addition, a burn-through suppression unit 20 for preventing burn-through during arc welding is provided. Burn-through suppression unit 20
The pulsation level (the pulsating surface) of the surface of the molten pool 4 which is the arc welded portion of the base material 1 is obtained from the detection signal of the arc voltage Vx and / or the arc current Ix detected during the arc welding. And outputs the pulsation level detection signal to the power supply unit 10 as a control signal Cx for preventing burn-through during arc welding.
【００１９】すなわち、本発明者は、図５（Ｂ）、
（Ｃ）の段階にある母材１のアーク溶接されている部分
での溶融池４の大きさ、流動性等の物理的状況が高精度
に分かる手段、方法を様々な角度から検証したところ、
溶融池４が面積、容積共に拡大するほどアーク力等で細
かく微振動する脈動現象が目立ち始めること、及び、こ
の脈動現象でもって上下左右に変動する溶融池４表面の
脈動レベルにアーク溶接時のアーク電圧Ｖｘ、アーク電
流Ｉｘがほぼ追従するように変動すること、さらに、溶
融池４表面の変動する脈動レベルに時間的なばらつきが
目立ち始めると溶融池４が自重と脈動力で母材１から溶
け落ちする可能性が急増することを見出した。このよう
な溶融池４表面の変動する脈動レベルと、この脈動レベ
ルと比例的な関係で変動する例えばアーク電圧Ｖｘの関
係例を図３に示す。That is, the present inventor has shown in FIG.
When the means and method for understanding the physical condition such as the size and fluidity of the molten pool 4 in the arc-welded portion of the base material 1 at the stage of (C) with high accuracy were verified from various angles,
The pulsation phenomenon in which the molten pool 4 is finely vibrated finely by the arc force or the like as the area and the volume of the molten pool 4 are expanded becomes noticeable, and the pulsation level of the surface of the molten pool 4 which fluctuates up, down, left and right due to the pulsation phenomenon during the arc welding. When the arc voltage Vx and the arc current Ix fluctuate so as to substantially follow each other, and when the time-varying pulsation level of the fluctuating pulsation level on the surface of the molten pool 4 starts to be conspicuous, the molten pool 4 is moved from the base material 1 by its own weight and pulsating power. It has been found that the likelihood of burn through increases sharply. FIG. 3 shows an example of the relationship between the fluctuating pulsation level on the surface of the molten pool 4 and, for example, the arc voltage Vx that fluctuates in a proportional relationship with the pulsation level.
【００２０】図３（ｂ）に示されるアーク溶接時の母材
１における溶融池４1は、図５（Ｂ）の溶融池４と同等
のもので、裏面側母材１ｂの裏面まで溶融池４1の底部
が達しており、ここでアーク溶接を終了させる処置を施
すと強度、外観共に最も良好なアーク溶接が実行され
る。図３（ｃ）に示される溶融池４2は図５（Ｃ）の溶
融池４と同等のもので、この溶融池４2は面積、容積共
に拡大が進み過ぎて溶け落ち寸前となっている。溶融池
４1から溶融池４2に移行するにしたがって、溶融池中の
溶融金属がアーク力や他の外部からの振動で揺れ動く脈
動が目立ち始め、溶融池表面と溶接ワイヤ２の先端との
距離が変動する。溶融池４1から溶融池４2に移行する間
の出力波形のアーク電圧Ｖｘを検出すると、図３（ｄ）
に示すような１００Ｈｚ程度のパルス波形が得られる。
このパルス波形のアーク電圧Ｖｘの例えば１サイクルで
のピーク値間隔Ｐを求めると、溶融池４1のときの間隔
Ｐ1は比較的安定したばらつきの少ない値であるが、溶
融池４2のときの間隔Ｐ2は間隔Ｐ1より平均的に大き
く、而も、個々の間隔Ｐ2の間でばらつきが目立って大
きく現れる。このような間隔Ｐ1，Ｐ2のばらつき状況
は、対応する溶融池４1、４2の表面の脈動レベルの大き
さを表し、この脈動レベルの大きさがアーク電圧Ｖｘか
ら高い精度で求められるのである。The molten pool 4 1 in the base material 1 at the time of arc welding shown in FIG. 3 (b), equivalent to the molten pool 4 of FIG. 5 (B), the molten pool to the back of the rear base material 1b 4 and 1 of the bottom reached, where subjected to treatment to terminate the arc welding, the strength, best arc welding appearance both are executed. Molten pool 4 2 shown in FIG. 3 (c) equivalent to the molten pool 4 in FIG. 5 (C), the molten pool 4 2 area, has a burn verge proceed excessively expansion in volume both . Distance accordance transition from the molten pool 4 1 to the molten pool 4 2, began noticeable pulsation swinging vibration from the molten metal arc force or other external in the molten pool, and the distal end of the welding wire 2 and the molten pool surface Fluctuates. Upon detecting the arc voltage Vx of the output waveform during the transition from the molten pool 4 1 to the molten pool 4 2, FIG. 3 (d)
As a result, a pulse waveform of about 100 Hz is obtained.
When obtaining the peak value interval P of the arc voltage Vx of example 1 cycle of the pulse waveform, is a value less relatively stable variation interval P 1 when the molten pool 4 1, when the molten pool 4 2 interval P 2 are on average larger than the spacing P 1 of Thus also appear larger variations noticeable between individual interval P 2. Such a variation state of the intervals P 1 and P 2 indicates the magnitude of the pulsation level on the surface of the corresponding molten pools 4 1 and 4 2 , and the magnitude of the pulsation level can be obtained with high accuracy from the arc voltage Vx. It is.
【００２１】前記アーク電圧Ｖｘを検出して溶け落ちを
抑制する溶け落ち抑制部２０の回路例を図２に示すと、
これは脈動判定回路２１，限界脈動検出回路２２及び限
界脈動設定部２３を備える。アーク電圧検出手段１１か
ら検出されたアーク電圧Ｖｘが脈動判定回路２１に出力
されると、脈動判定回路２１が前記間隔Ｐの大きさ、ば
らつきのデータを算出して限界脈動検出回路２２に出力
する。限界脈動検出回路２２は、入力された間隔Ｐの大
きさ、ばらつきのデータと限界脈動設定部２３で予め設
定されたデータを比較等して、アーク溶接中の溶接池４
の面積、容積が共に溶け落ち前の許容限界に達している
か否かを検出する。例えば、図３のアーク電圧Ｖｘの間
隔Ｐ1のデータのときには溶接池４表面の脈動レベルが
許容限界に達しないと判定され、間隔Ｐ1のデータから
間隔Ｐ2のデータに変わると間隔Ｐ 2の大きさ、ばらつき
度合いのデータが限界脈動設定部２３で予め設定された
間隔の大きさ、ばらつき度合いの許容限界データと比較
される。この比較結果から図３（ｃ）の溶融池４2の状
況に近い限界脈動レベルにあると判定されると、限界脈
動検出回路２２から電源部１０に溶け落ち抑制の制御信
号Ｃｘが出力される。Detecting the arc voltage Vx to prevent burnout
FIG. 2 shows a circuit example of the burn-through suppressing unit 20 for suppressing.
The pulsation determination circuit 21, the limit pulsation detection circuit 22,
A field pulsation setting unit 23 is provided. Arc voltage detecting means 11
The detected arc voltage Vx is output to the pulsation determination circuit 21
Then, the pulsation determination circuit 21 determines the size of the interval P,
Calculates fluctuation data and outputs it to the limit pulsation detection circuit 22
I do. The limit pulsation detection circuit 22 determines that the input interval P is large.
The data of the size and variation and the limit pulsation setting unit 23
Weld pool 4 during arc welding by comparing the specified data
Area and volume have reached the permissible limit before burn-through
Is detected. For example, during the arc voltage Vx in FIG.
Interval P1The pulsation level on the surface of weld pool 4
It is determined that the allowable limit is not reached, and the interval P1From the data
Interval PTwoInterval P TwoSize, variation
The data of the degree is preset in the limit pulsation setting unit 23
Comparison with interval size and variation limit data
Is done. From this comparison result, the molten pool 4 in FIG.TwoShape
If it is determined that the pulsation level is close to the
Control signal for suppressing burn-through from the motion detection circuit 22 to the power supply unit 10.
The signal Cx is output.
【００２２】制御信号Ｃｘの出力タイミングは、図３
（ｂ）の溶融池４1の状況の最終時点か、遅くても図３
（ｃ）の溶融池４2の状況に移行するまでの時点に設定
される。制御信号Ｃｘが電源部１０に出力されると、例
えば電源部１０がアーク電圧Ｖｘとアーク電流Ｉｘを共
に下げるか、アーク溶接そのものを中断させる動作をし
て溶け落ちを防止する。The output timing of the control signal Cx is shown in FIG.
(B) if the final point of the molten pool 4 1 situation, at the latest 3
It is set to a point in time until the migration to the situation of the molten pool 4 2 (c). When the control signal Cx is output to the power supply unit 10, for example, the power supply unit 10 lowers both the arc voltage Vx and the arc current Ix, or performs an operation of interrupting the arc welding itself to prevent burnout.
【００２３】なお、図３のアーク溶接の動作は定点溶接
時によるもので、母材の直線部分を連続してアーク溶接
するライン溶接時においては、前記制御信号Ｃｘでライ
ン溶接速度を制御するようにして溶け落ちを防止するよ
うにすることも可能である。The operation of arc welding shown in FIG. 3 is based on fixed point welding. In line welding in which a straight line portion of a base material is continuously arc welded, the line welding speed is controlled by the control signal Cx. It is also possible to prevent burn through.
【００２４】以上はアーク電圧Ｖｘのピーク値間隔Ｐを
検出して溶け落ちを抑制するアーク溶接方法であるが、
母材１のアーク溶接される溶融池４の脈動でアーク電圧
Ｖｘやアーク電流Ｉｘに周波数変動成分が現れることか
ら、この周波数変動成分を検出して溶け落ちを抑制する
制御信号Ｃｘを求めるようにしてもよい。The above is the arc welding method for detecting the peak value interval P of the arc voltage Vx and suppressing burn-through.
Since a frequency fluctuation component appears in the arc voltage Vx and the arc current Ix due to the pulsation of the molten pool 4 to which the base material 1 is arc-welded, the frequency fluctuation component is detected, and a control signal Cx for suppressing burn-through is determined. You may.
【００２５】図４の実施形態のアーク溶接機は、母材１
の溶け落ちを尚一層の信頼度で防止する目的のために、
母材１の裏面側にレーザー距離センサー３０とフィルタ
ー３１を配置している。レーザー距離センサー３０は、
母材１の表面側のアーク溶接されている溶融池４の母材
裏面側での外観状況を測定検査し、フィルター３１はレ
ーザー距離センサー３０に不要な外来光が入射するのを
防止してレーザー距離センサー３０の測定精度を上げ
る。The arc welding machine of the embodiment shown in FIG.
For the purpose of preventing burn-through with even more reliability,
A laser distance sensor 30 and a filter 31 are arranged on the back side of the base material 1. The laser distance sensor 30
The appearance of the weld pool 4 on the front side of the base material 1 that is arc-welded on the back side of the base material is measured and inspected. The filter 31 prevents unnecessary extraneous light from being incident on the laser distance sensor 30 and performs laser processing. The measurement accuracy of the distance sensor 30 is increased.
【００２６】すなわち、母材１をアーク溶接して図３
（ｂ）のように溶融池４1が形成されると、この溶融池
４1の底部が母材１の裏面に少し露呈し、この露呈溶融
池４1の底面の幅ｗをレーザー距離センサー３０が測定
して電源部１０に出力する。電源部１０は入力された幅
ｗのデータから図３（ｂ）の溶融池４1か図３（ｃ）の
溶融池４2へと進行しつつあるかどうかを判断して、ア
ーク電圧Ｖｘやアーク電流Ｉｘに基づく制御信号Ｃｘと
の協働で溶け落ち防止の動作をする。このようにレーザ
ー距離センサー３０からのデータも併用して二重三重に
溶け落ち防止策を図ることで、溶け落ち防止の信頼度が
増大する。That is, arc welding of the base material 1
When the molten pool 4 1 as (b) is formed, the bottom of the molten pool 4 1 slightly exposed on the back surface of the base material 1, a laser distance sensor 30 the width w of the bottom surface of the exposed molten pool 4 1 Is measured and output to the power supply unit 10. Power supply unit 10 to determine whether there progressing into the molten pool 4 2 of the molten pool 4 1 or 3 shown in FIG. 3 (b) from the data of the input width w (c), Ya arc voltage Vx The burn-out prevention operation is performed in cooperation with the control signal Cx based on the arc current Ix. As described above, by using the data from the laser distance sensor 30 in combination with the burn-in prevention measures in triple and triple, the reliability of burn-through prevention increases.
【００２７】なお、レーザー距離センサー３０やフィル
ター３１は構造簡単で安価、小型のな市販品が適用でき
て、母材１の裏面側スペースが狭い場合にも使用容易
で、アーク溶接機の使用上の自由度をほとんど損なわな
い。The laser distance sensor 30 and the filter 31 are simple in structure, inexpensive, and small-sized commercially available products can be applied. Even when the space on the back side of the base material 1 is narrow, it is easy to use. Almost no loss of freedom.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】本発明は前述したように母材のアーク溶
接で溶融する溶融部分（溶融池）の脈動レベルをアーク
電圧或いはアーク電流の検出信号に基づいて検知して、
溶融部分が溶け落ちするまで溶融が進行しないように制
御することで、母材が２ｍｍ以下の薄鋼板類であっても
アーク溶接時の溶け落ちを高精度で防止でき、この高精
度な溶け落ち防止効果でアーク溶接強度を高くして溶接
品質の向上と、歩留まり改善によるコスト低減が可能と
なる。特に、自動車ボデーの板金パネルのような益々薄
板化される傾向にある母材のアーク溶接が、歩留まり良
く低コストで実施できるようになる。As described above, according to the present invention, the pulsation level of the molten portion (molten pool) that is melted by the arc welding of the base material is detected based on the detection signal of the arc voltage or the arc current.
By controlling the melting so as not to progress until the melted part burns through, even if the base material is a thin steel sheet of 2 mm or less, the burn-through during arc welding can be prevented with high precision. It is possible to improve the welding quality by increasing the arc welding strength by the prevention effect and to reduce the cost by improving the yield. In particular, arc welding of a base material, which tends to be increasingly thinner, such as a sheet metal panel of an automobile body, can be performed with good yield and at low cost.
【００２９】また、母材表面のアーク溶接時に母材裏面
からアーク溶接部分をレーザー距離センサーで測定する
ようにすれば、この測定結果からも溶け落ちが抑制でき
て、前記溶け落ち防止効果の信頼度が尚一層に増大す
る。Further, if the arc welding portion is measured from the back surface of the base material by a laser distance sensor during the arc welding of the base material surface, the burn-through can be suppressed from the measurement result, and the reliability of the burn-through prevention effect can be reduced. The degree is even greater.
【図１】本発明の実施形態を示すアーク溶接機のブロッ
ク図。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an arc welding machine showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１における溶け落ち抑制部のブロック図。FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a burn-through suppression unit in FIG. 1;
【図３】本発明方法における母材のアーク溶接部分とア
ーク電圧の相関関係を説明する断面図と電圧波形図。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view and a voltage waveform diagram illustrating a correlation between an arc welding portion of a base material and an arc voltage in the method of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の他の実施形態を示すブロック図。FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】アーク溶接における溶け落ち現象を説明する断
面図であって、（Ａ）はアーク溶接前半期、（Ｂ）はア
ーク溶接後半期、（Ｃ）は溶け落ち直前、（Ｄ）は溶け
落ち時の断面図。5A and 5B are cross-sectional views illustrating a burn-through phenomenon in arc welding, wherein (A) is the first half of arc welding, (B) is the second half of arc welding, (C) is immediately before burn-through, and (D) is melting. Sectional view when dropped.
１ 母材 １ａ 表面側母材 １ｂ 裏面側母材 ２ 溶接ワイヤ ３ アーク ４ 溶融部分（溶融池） １０ 電源部 Ｖｘ アーク電圧 １１ アーク電圧検出手段 Ｉｘ アーク電流 １２ アーク電流検出手段 ２０ 溶け落ち抑制部 Ｃｘ 溶け落ち抑制の制御信号 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base material 1a Front surface base material 1b Back surface base material 2 Welding wire 3 Arc 4 Melted part (molten pool) 10 Power supply part Vx Arc voltage 11 Arc voltage detecting means Ix Arc current 12 Arc current detecting means 20 Burn-out suppressing part Cx Control signal for burn-through suppression
Claims (4)
で母材の被溶接部分を溶融するアーク溶接時に、アーク
電圧とアーク電流のうち少なくとも一方の検出信号から
アーク溶接による母材溶融部分表面での脈動レベルを検
知し、この脈動レベル検知信号をアーク溶接時の溶け落
ちを抑制する制御信号としたことを特徴とするアーク溶
接方法。An arc generated between a base material and a welding wire melts a portion of the base material to be welded, and the base material is melted by arc welding from a detection signal of at least one of an arc voltage and an arc current. An arc welding method comprising detecting a pulsation level on a surface, and using the pulsation level detection signal as a control signal for suppressing burn-through during arc welding.
つき度合いを検出して母材のアーク溶接されている溶融
部分表面の脈動レベルを検知することを特徴とする請求
項１記載のアーク溶接方法。2. The arc welding method according to claim 1, wherein the pulsation level of the surface of the welded portion of the base metal which is being arc-welded is detected by detecting the degree of variation in the interval between the peak values of the arc voltage. .
る溶融部分の母材裏面側での露呈形状を、母材裏面側に
配置したレーザー距離センサーで測定し、この測定信号
をアーク溶接時の溶け落ち抑制の制御信号の１つとした
ことを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載のアーク溶接方
法。3. A shape of an exposed portion of the molten portion on the front side of the base material on the back side of the base material is measured by a laser distance sensor disposed on the back side of the base material, and the measured signal is subjected to arc welding. 3. The arc welding method according to claim 1, wherein the control signal is one of control signals for suppressing burn-through during the welding.
で母材の被溶接部分を溶融するアーク溶接装置におい
て、アーク電圧とアーク電流のうち少なくとも一方の検
出信号からアーク溶接による母材溶融部分表面での脈動
レベルを検知し、この脈動レベル検知信号をアーク溶接
時の溶け落ちを抑制する制御信号として出力する溶け落
ち抑制部を備えたことを特徴とするアーク溶接装置。4. An arc welding apparatus for melting a portion to be welded of a base material with an arc generated between the base material and a welding wire, wherein the base material is melted by arc welding from a detection signal of at least one of an arc voltage and an arc current. An arc welding apparatus comprising: a burn-through suppression unit that detects a pulsation level on a partial surface and outputs the pulsation level detection signal as a control signal for suppressing burn-through during arc welding.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000234734A JP3681964B2 (en) | 2000-08-02 | 2000-08-02 | Arc welding method and arc welding equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000234734A JP3681964B2 (en) | 2000-08-02 | 2000-08-02 | Arc welding method and arc welding equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002045964A true JP2002045964A (en) | 2002-02-12 |
| JP3681964B2 JP3681964B2 (en) | 2005-08-10 |
Family
ID=18727068
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000234734A Expired - Fee Related JP3681964B2 (en) | 2000-08-02 | 2000-08-02 | Arc welding method and arc welding equipment |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3681964B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013107085A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-06-06 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | Plasma arc welding method and plasma arc welding device |
| JP2013107086A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-06-06 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | Plasma arc welding method and plasma arc welding device |
| JP2014140872A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-08-07 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Arc welding method |
| CN114228175A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-25 | 华创天元实业发展有限责任公司 | Transverse seam welding device and construction method for multiple reinforced steel-plastic composite pressure pipe |
-
2000
- 2000-08-02 JP JP2000234734A patent/JP3681964B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013107085A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-06-06 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | Plasma arc welding method and plasma arc welding device |
| JP2013107086A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-06-06 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | Plasma arc welding method and plasma arc welding device |
| JP2014140872A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-08-07 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Arc welding method |
| CN114228175A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-25 | 华创天元实业发展有限责任公司 | Transverse seam welding device and construction method for multiple reinforced steel-plastic composite pressure pipe |
| CN114228175B (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2024-02-23 | 华创天元实业发展有限责任公司 | Transverse seam welding device for multi-reinforced steel-plastic composite pressure pipe and construction method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3681964B2 (en) | 2005-08-10 |
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