JP2002017163A - Growth-promoting agent and method for cultivating plant by using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a material involved in the control of sap concentration inside a plant. SOLUTION: The growth-promoting agent is obtained by using Kansui (the seawater that had been sealed in deep underground in ancient times) as the base material followed by adding thereto mineral(s) as a supply source of microelements, and adding an organic acid, if desired, in order to promote dissolution of the microelements; thus, through improving the ionic effect of the microelements, the promoting agent can activate sap inside a plant and demonstrate the growth promotion effect.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a plant growth promoter and a method for cultivating a plant using the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a foliar spray capable of promoting the growth of various vegetables, fruit trees, and the like, and improving the quality of these vegetables, fruit trees, and the like, and a cultivation method of a plant using the growth promoting agent.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various growth promoters for promoting the growth of plants have been proposed, but all have their advantages and disadvantages. In particular, those which simultaneously satisfy growth promotion and quality improvement are still proposed. There is no present. That is,
Conventional foliar spraying consists of five major elements: N, P, K, Ca, Mg
It is said that it mainly replenishes the components, and usually the one that is implemented as a complementary role of root root fertilization is mainly used. Therefore, the mainstream was one that emphasized nitrogen because it was foliar fertilization as an auxiliary support agent for nutrient supplementation, and one that emphasized phosphoric acid. Furthermore, recently, extracts from natural products such as plants have begun to attract attention.

[0003] By the way, there is an organization called the Japan Kyoho Association, which produces and sells grapes called the "Japan Kyohokai" brand, which is said to be the best in Japan for its good taste. The Japan Kyoho Association is known for its accumulated know-how on valuable production technology that has been researched and developed over a long period of 50 years, focusing on the taste of grapes. While studying the improvement of vegetable taste, we started to investigate whether the technology to create the taste of Kyoho can be used in vegetable production, and through trial and error, we learned that the cultivation technology can be used for delicious vegetable production common to all vegetables in general. Was. The basic idea is
The development process is divided into three stages: "vegetative growth stage", "alternative stage", and "reproductive growth period", and the nutrient supply is supplemented with various necessary nutrients according to each stage of growth. It is. In other words, from the nutritional supply side, it can be said that the system supplies nutrients mainly from nitrogen in the initial stage, phosphoric acid, potassium and boron in the middle stage, and calcium in the latter stage.

[0004] In the cultivation of general crops, the application of the original manure is often completed, and the topdressing is performed only rarely, and there is not much at present. For cultivation of fruits and vegetables,
Although the method of topdressing is adopted considerably, the substance is far from the essential component fertilizer. The key point of the technology of the Japan Kyoho Kyokai is to limit the ingredients and fertilize it. Early nitrogen, mid-term phosphoric acid, potassium and boron can be said to be very common fertilizer basics, but late calcium application has also been found to be an important factor in determining grape quality grade. are doing.

[0005] In plants, the nutrients synthesized in the leaves are stored temporarily as nutrients for mesophyll cells, stems, bark of branches,
Stored temporarily in tissues such as roots. Finally, at the time of the main storage, the storage-type nutrients that were temporarily stored are changed to dissolved-type nutrients and moved to their original storage locations, where they are stored in the form of sugar, starch, and fiber. This growth process is maturation and accumulation. By the way, vitamin C contained in potatoes is the only vegetable that has the excellent property that it does not break down even when heated, and if its content could be improved by fertilization technology, its effect would be measured. There is something unknown.

[0006] By efficiently supplementing calcium,
Glucose, a photosynthetic product, is transported to the original storage organ from mesophyll cells, stems, branches, xylem, and root tissues temporarily stored during the vegetative growth stage of the development process, and it dramatically improves quality. Is revealed. Therefore, the most important points for improving the quality of fruits, etc., are to enhance the efficiency of photosynthesis and to enhance the metabolic function by trace elements for nutrient accumulation. It will be deeply involved in improvement. That is, it increases the amount of carbohydrates that photosynthesize in the leaves, measures its smooth transition, and promotes storage in its storage organs, i.e., fruits, seeds, tubers, rhizomes, in the form of sugar, starch, fiber, etc., and In fruits, the production of organic acids can be suppressed, the sweetness can be increased, and the water in fruits and the like can be reduced. According to the technology of the Japan Kyohokai, late calcium is usually supplemented as top dressing in the form of slaked lime, but spraying slaked lime during busy agricultural work is not always easy.

[0007] It was examined whether or not this calcium could be effectively absorbed by spraying on the leaves. The first thing we focused on was the use of deep ocean water. Deep sea water is collected from the deep sea at a depth of 300 to 500 meters, and is not easily available everywhere because the collection is performed in a sea area where the current flows relatively slowly. Therefore, it has been found that natural gas producing places have seawater trapped in ancient times, so-called "kansui", in the ground of 2000 to 3000 meters due to crustal movements. At present, since "kansui" contains iodine which is said to be 100 ppm, it is used to recover iodine from kansui to produce iodine. It is interesting to see if this Kansui can be used as a base material for foliar spray.

[0008] On the other hand, how calcium is absorbed by plants as described above is a key to producing excellent products. Calcium also has low solubility in water and, unlike other components, has a relatively large ionic radius and is therefore not easily absorbed by plants. The importance of fortifying calcium is upheld, tomato rot disease,
For many years, for prevention of soft rot of cabbage,
Various materials have been developed, and some of them are actually sold, but the fulcrum is to increase the concentration of components below,
There is a problem in calcium absorption, and at present it is still desired to develop a material that is satisfactory in absorption.

[0009]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, when the growth process of a plant was examined in detail with a sugar content meter, the type of the plant,
Although it fluctuates depending on the cultivar, growth period, measurement time, etc., it was found that, when macroscopically taken into account, the value of the sap concentration varies greatly depending on the plant part. That is, it was found that the growth process of the plant was controlled by this sap concentration. Therefore, it was considered that if the concentration of the sap could be controlled, it could be said that the growth could be artificially progressed. In order to artificially control the concentration of sap and use it to promote growth, various studies were conducted to find a method of artificially increasing the concentration of sap in plants. Therefore, we focused on enzymes in the plant. A trace element is deeply involved in this enzyme activity as an active group, and it was thought that the sap concentration could be changed by adding the trace element.

[0010] Therefore, attention has been paid to seawater containing trace elements naturally, particularly deep seawater, as a material for promoting growth. However, there is a limitation in the method of obtaining it, and stable acquisition is not desirable. Therefore, since it contains about 100 ppm of iodine, attention has been paid to "kansui" pumped from the ground as a raw material for iodine. In particular, since "kansui" contains various trace elements, various investigations were made to see if this Kansui could be effectively used.

In other words, the present invention is different from the prior art which mainly aims to supplement the supply of nutrients from the outside in the course of the growth process, and directly controls the concentration of various components of the sap in the body instead of the supplementary support of nutrients. By increasing the growth stage of the plant, controlling the difference in sap concentration at all times and forcibly promoting growth, achieving growth that exceeds the speed of growth under conventional fertilization management, and growth that can be shipped early It is an object of the present invention to provide a promoter and a cultivation method using the growth promoter.

[0012]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted various studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, based on seawater confined deep in the ground due to ancient crustal deformation called "Kansui" Use and use Kansui as a solvent to dissolve minerals containing trace components such as shell fossils, and if necessary,
The present invention has been found that a liquid growth promoter prepared by adding various organic acids to promote solubilization of various trace elements, in particular, components such as boron, molybdenum, zinc, and iron can achieve the above object. It has been completed. Furthermore, according to the present invention, by foliar spraying the one to which trehalose has been added, the growth promoter according to the present invention is retained on the plant in a moist state even after foliar spraying, and the absorption of various trace components is reduced. There is provided a growth promoting agent which can be sustained and can be supplemented with trehalose as a sugar at the same time. Furthermore, according to the present invention, by appropriately spraying the above-mentioned growth promoting agent on the foliage, various trace elements as enzymatically active groups for photosynthetic action of the plant can be replenished, and long-term absorption on the leaf surface can be achieved. And a cultivation method capable of promoting the growth of a plant.

[0013] That is, according to the present invention, kansui is used as a base material, kansui is brought into contact with minerals such as shell fossils, and at least trace components such as calcium, zinc, and iron contained therein are eluted. There is provided a growth promoter characterized by adding and dissolving boron, molybdenum and the like. Further provided are a growth promoter characterized by further containing an organic acid, and a growth promoter characterized by further adding trehalose as a humectant. Furthermore,
A method for cultivating a plant, which comprises applying the above-mentioned growth promoting agent, is provided.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, a growth promoting agent according to the present invention and a method for promoting plant growth using the growth promoting agent will be described. The growth promoting agent according to the present invention uses the above-mentioned "Kansai" as a base material,
To further reinforce the trace elements required for plant growth,
It is prepared by adding and dissolving a mineral containing a desired amount of a trace element. Kansui 100 used as a substrate
Per liter, minerals such as iron, manganese, zinc,
Shell fossils rich in molybdenum, boron, cobalt, etc.
A certain amount, usually taking into account the nutritional requirements of the plant used,
For the purpose of promoting dissolution by mixing about 5 kg to 10 kg,
Organic acids, for example, within a predetermined concentration range, a desired amount of an acid that does not have a harmful effect on plants such as acetic acid and citric acid, usually mixed in a desired amount, about 5 kg to 10 kg, and thoroughly stirred and mixed. The amber supernatant is collected and placed in a suitable container for preparation. Kansui can be used in a state where iodine has been recovered, or in a state where iodine has not been recovered but has been pumped from the ground. Use of Kansui in a pumped-out state in which iodine has not been recovered contains about 100 ppm of iodine, so that the iodine can be expected to exhibit the bactericidal action. The amount of the organic acid represented by acetic acid is preferably increased or decreased according to the type of the shell fossil used as the source of the trace element.

Usually, calcium is contained in the growth promoter of the present invention in an amount of 800 mg to 1500 mg / 100 g.
About 15 mg to 40 mg / 100 g potassium, about 20 mg to 60 mg / 100 g magnesium, about 0.5 mg to 2 mg / 100 g iron, and about 0.4 manganese.
~ 2mg / 100g, copper 0.01 ~ 0.05mg
/ 100 g, and the amount of zinc is preferably as small as possible, and is usually 0.1 mg / 100 g or less. Furthermore, boron is about 2mg-10mg / 100g,
Molybdenum may be contained in an amount of about 0.01 to 0.05 mg / 100 g. Of course, it goes without saying that the concentration may be appropriately adjusted within the above range according to the type of plant to be used, the growth stage, and the like.

[0016] Depending on the amount of various trace components in kansui and minerals, if necessary, boron or ammonium molybdate, which is called an enzyme active group, may be added to the supernatant as required. Further, trehalose may be added to serve both as a sugar supplement and a humectant. Examples of the amount of each raw material used when preparing the growth promoter according to the present invention are shown below. However, the following usage amounts are only examples,
Needless to say, those skilled in the art can make arbitrary changes according to the type of plant, the growth stage, and the like so that the desired effect is exhibited. It goes without saying that those with these modifications are also within the scope of the present invention. Kansui: 100 liters Acetic acid: 8.0 kg Shell fossil: 6.0 kg Boron: 1.5 kg Molybdenum: 0.02 kg (in terms of molybdenum) Trehalose: 6.0 kg

An example of the analysis of calcium and each trace element in the growth promoter according to the present invention prepared with the above formulation amount is shown below. Potassium: 25 mg / 100 g Calcium: 1000 mg / 100 g Magnesium: 39 mg / 100 g Iron: 0.9 mg / 100 g Manganese: 0.9 mg / 100 g Copper: 0.03 mg / 100 g Zinc: 0.05 mg / 100 g Iodine: Detection limit (0. 1 ppm) or less

The growth promoter according to the present invention varies depending on the type of plant used, the growth stage, and the like, but is usually used as a 500-fold dilution to 1,000-fold dilution. Dilution can be used as long as it is service water used for general and agricultural purposes. In addition, the amount of use naturally depends on the type of plant to be applied, the growth stage, cultivation conditions, etc.,
Normally, 0.2 liter-
0.5 liter. Plants to be used include vegetables and fruit trees, as well as various ornamental plants. The growth-promoting agent according to the present invention, for example, at the early growth stage, that is, by foliar spraying from cotyledons to the true leaf 2 leaf stage, and by absorbing it from leaves and stems, the sap concentration in the body increases, Can be maintained without greatly changing the numerical value. Due to the concentration gradient in the sap, nutrients flowing through the plant body move actively. The concentration gradient in the sap activates the movement of nutrients,
During the early vegetative growth phase, it enhances the chitin of the epidermal cells and helps to enhance disease and insect resistance. The growth promoting agent according to the present invention can particularly remarkably increase the calcium concentration, which can be useful for promoting plant growth. Of course, it can be applied late in growth.

By the way, the early stage of development is also referred to as the vegetative growth period, which is the most important period for enhancing the constitution of a plant. However, it is said that it is difficult to maintain the constitution at this stage until the later stage of development. In the case of the growth promoter according to the present invention, by spraying it on the foliage,
It became clear that it will be continued until the end of harvest. Furthermore, when this growth promoter is sprayed on the foliage two to three weeks before harvest, the calcium content in the plant increases, and as a result,
It has been found that the storage action of carbohydrates is activated, the C / N ratio of the plant is remarkably increased, and the taste is remarkably improved. That is, it was found that the CN ratio was increased, the taste was improved, and as a result, the added value of the plant as a food material could be increased. Furthermore, by using the growth promoting agent according to the present invention, by cultivating the plant, the growth process of the plant can be functioned normally, as well as improving the taste of the edible portion,
Disease resistance and insect resistance can be strengthened, and cultivation methods that meet the guidelines for organic vegetable cultivation, which is expected to become more severe in the future, can be constructed. Cultivation techniques that can also actively contribute to vegetable cultivation can be provided.

According to the cultivation method of the present invention, it is possible to easily absorb calcium particularly efficiently by foliar spraying and easily increase the sap concentration in the plant. It is thought that increasing the viscosity of the sap of the body of the early-growth plant body will increase the transfer of nutrients in the body and increase the growth speed. Therefore, it is possible to exert the effect of calcium by spraying at the early growth stage. In other words, it was also found that, when the dilution ratio was increased at the true leaf 2 to 4 leaf stages in various plants, and this was sprayed on the leaves, the sap concentration in the plant body increased and the effect continued until the harvest was completed. did. It is considered that the reason for this is that by increasing the sap concentration in the aboveground part, it is possible to increase the absorption of nutrients from the underground part, that is, to exert a so-called pump effect.

[0021] By further reducing the application concentration, the absorption from the leaf stem of the above-ground part can be reduced compared with the conventional foliar application agent.
It was found to improve the absorption nearly three times. Furthermore,
It was inevitable that controlling the flow of nutrients during germination in the early stage of growth would be a major factor in determining the subsequent growth of the plant. Generally, a sugar content is investigated as an index of a taste test. When the sugar content was investigated, it was found that it varied greatly depending on the portion of the vegetables. In other words, when each part of a plant, for example, a vegetable is examined with a sugar content meter, the sap concentration varies depending on the type, variety, time, and time of the vegetable, and the growth point, leaves, stems, roots, etc. are interesting. It was found that a change was observed. From the test results of the sap concentration, it has been found that the sap concentration is also related to the growth rate. That is, it is considered that the change in the sap concentration controls the movement of nutrients, and the growth of the plant is controlled by this movement.

The kansui used as the base material not only contains various trace elements itself, but also is not relatively contained in the kansui, and contains boron, molybdenum, etc., which are active groups of enzymes involved in the metabolism of nitrogen. In addition to dissolving trace elements, it was found that calcium, which is an essential element for plant growth, was also dissolved and maintained in a state that was easily absorbed. Further, it has been found that calcium and the like are effectively and easily absorbed by plants by adding an organic acid such as acetic acid.

For example, in the case of a vegetable, its harvest 2
When the growth promoter according to the present invention is sprayed on the foliage three weeks ago,
It turned out to be surprisingly absorbed. Furthermore, by adding trehalose, which is known as a moisturizing agent for shiitake, not only the moisturizing of the leaf surface of the plant could be maintained, but also the absorption of various nutrients could be maintained. According to the cultivation method according to the present invention, it is considered that "control of sap concentration" can be freely performed according to each development stage of the plant development process.

Next, the growth promoting agent according to the present invention and a method for cultivating a plant using the growth promoting agent will be further described with reference to test examples.

[0025]

Test Example The growth promoting effect of a plant by spraying the growth promoting agent according to the present invention at an early stage of plant growth and changing the sap concentration was tested.

(Test Example 1) Cultivation test of cabbage A cabbage was tested using a variety resistant SE. Mineral from Eisai Co., Ltd. was applied as the original manure. The cabbage used was sown on March 11 and planted on May 9. 25 days after planting with the growth promoter according to the present invention (6
On March 3) and a week later. The cabbage was harvested on July 14, which is 77 days after planting, and the nitrate ion concentration and the sugar content in so-called 1 to 8 outer leaves were measured. In addition, the core part with the highest nitric acid concentration was used for the measurement. Table 1 shows the measurement results.

[0027]

[Table 1]

From the above results, by using the growth promoter according to the present invention, the average nitrate ion concentration is lower by about 2,000 ppm, and the average sugar content is higher by about 1.6 degrees. I understand. In addition, according to the result of the visual observation, the test section was thicker. Survey 2
There was a torrential rain the day before, but no effect was noted.

(Test Example 2) Potato Cultivation Test A potato cultivar "Toyoro" was used as a test. All organic (N: P: K = 8: 8: 5) was applied as the original manure. A potato planted on October 5 was used as a test potato. The growth-promoting agent according to the present invention was sprayed for the first time two weeks before the harvest, and a second time after one week. 222 days after planting seed potatoes 5
The potatoes were harvested on March 16 and the iron concentration, calcium concentration and vitamin C concentration in the tubers were measured. Table 2 shows the measurement results.

[0030]

[Table 2]

In the test results with potato, an increase in vitamin C of more than 20% could be confirmed. The same test was also performed on melon, but the nitrate nitrogen in the pulp was suppressed to 20 ppm, and the taste improvement was remarkable.

[0032]

The effect of controlling the sap in a plant to promote growth not only increases the yield of the crop, but also increases the carbon ratio of the crop. further,
By increasing the amount of carbohydrates in the body of the plant, improving the texture, significantly improving the shelf life, and allowing long-term storage, it is possible for cultivating farmers to sell under more favorable conditions such as shifting the harvest time It can be said that it becomes possible. Of course,
Not only producers but also consumers can obtain tasty vegetables and fruits, which provides a very promising cultivation method. From the above test results, if carbohydrate accumulation progresses smoothly, it will lead to an increase in vitamins,
Thus, it can be expected that the functionality of vegetables can be enhanced and higher quality food can be provided.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) C05D 3:02 C05D 3:02 9:00) 9:00) F-term (Reference) 2B022 EA01 EA03 4H061 AA01 AA10 CC01 CC24 DD11 DD15 EE11 EE16 EE17 EE21 EE61 EE70 FF02 JJ02 KK02 KK03

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A kansui as a base material, a kansui is brought into contact with a mineral such as a shell fossil to elute at least trace elements such as calcium, zinc and iron contained therein, and if necessary, further added with boron, molybdenum, etc. , A growth promoter characterized by being dissolved. 2. The growth promoting agent according to claim 1, further comprising an organic acid. 3. The growth promoting agent according to claim 1, wherein trehalose is further added as a humectant. 4. A method for cultivating a plant, comprising applying the growth promoting agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3.