JP2002012501A - Specimen of arthropod, method for making specimen and kit for making specimen - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method by which a simple and natural specimen of arthropod can be made. SOLUTION: This method for making the specimen of arthropod is characterized by heating the arthropod in propylene glycol, then taking out the arthropod and immersing the taken-up arthropod in a propylene glycol-containing immersing liquid. The method for making the specimen of arthropod is characterized by heating the arthropod in water or with water vapor and then immersing in the propylene glycol-containing immersing liquid to be the immersed specimen. The method for making the specimen of arthropod is characterized by heating the arthropod in water or with water vapor, immersing in the propylene glycol- containing immersing liquid, then taking out the arthropod and selecting the taken-up arthropod as the specimen. The kit for making the specimen of arthropod contains a container filled with propylene glycol.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an arthropod specimen, a method for preparing an arthropod specimen, and a kit for preparing an arthropod specimen.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Preparation of arthropod specimens, particularly insects, has been widely practiced. Specimen preparation is usually performed by killing insects or killing insects with a drug such as ethyl acetate by any method, drying it over several days to several months, and then using a needle penetrating the specimen body. It is common to fix the specimen at any location. Conventional methods of sample preparation,
And the sample had the following problems. Since the specimen body is hard and brittle due to drying, it is easily broken. Therefore, careful handling is required,
Once fixed, they cannot be seen from various angles or picked up by hand. When the specimen becomes old, the eyeballs of beetles, stag beetles, etc. turn white and lose their freshness. It takes a long time for a dried specimen to be completed, during which time
Care must be taken with humidity because there is a risk of decay. During the preparation and storage of specimens, insect pests such as beetles may be attached, and the use of camphor or the like to prevent this may cause inevitable odors.

As a method for preparing specimens such as insects, it has been proposed to coat or inject a synthetic resin solution into insects or the like (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 3-151301, 59-73501, 59-73501, Showa 53-10432
No. 4). However, coating the resin may cause the insect to lose its natural appearance. Also,
An organic solvent is required to make the resin solution, and there is a problem of harm to the human body and its odor. Furthermore, a device such as a vacuum pump may be required, and a simple and simple method of preparing a sample that has solved the above problems has not been found yet.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention overcomes the above-mentioned problems in the prior art and provides a method for easily preparing an arthropod specimen for anyone including a child. With the goal. It is a further object of the present invention to provide arthropod specimens that are easy to handle and are close to nature. Another object of the present invention is to provide an arthropod specimen preparation kit that can be used in the above-described specimen preparation method.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to achieve the above object, and as a result, have noticed the softening action and water activity reducing action of propylene glycol,
The present inventor studied a method for preparing an arthropod specimen using this, and completed the present invention. Accordingly, the present invention is first directed to an arthropod specimen characterized by being treated with propylene glycol. The present invention also relates to a method for preparing an arthropod specimen, which comprises heating the arthropod in propylene glycol, then removing the arthropod, and using the removed arthropod as a specimen. The present invention also provides an arthropod specimen comprising heating the arthropod in propylene glycol, then removing the arthropod, and immersing the removed arthropod in a propylene glycol-containing dip. How to create.

[0006] Since propylene glycol has flammability, a pretreatment by heating with water or steam can be proposed as a safer method. Therefore, the present invention relates to a method for preparing an arthropod specimen, wherein the arthropod is heated in water or with steam, and then immersed in a propylene glycol-containing immersion liquid to prepare an immersion specimen. The present invention is also characterized in that the arthropod is heated in water or with steam, then immersed in a propylene glycol-containing immersion liquid, and then the arthropod is removed, and the removed arthropod is used as a specimen. The present invention relates to a method for preparing an arthropod specimen. The invention further relates to a kit for preparing an arthropod specimen comprising a container containing propylene glycol.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail. In the present specification, the arthropod means an animal belonging to the phylum Arthropoda in animal taxonomy, for example, arthropods (such as horseshoe crab), arachnids (such as spiders), and crustaceans (shrimp, Classes such as crabs), lippods (such as centipedes), and insects. Insects also include beetles (beetles, etc.), membranes (hornets, etc.), velvets (fly, etc.), fixed insects (grasshoppers, etc.), half-worms (semi, etc.), dragonflies, mantis, Eyes such as cockroaches are included. The invention is applicable to any arthropod, but is particularly suitable for specimens of insects, especially beetles.

The arthropod to which the method for preparing a specimen of the present invention is applied may be one that has been killed by a drug such as ethyl acetate or one that has died spontaneously, and requires a separate drying step as in the conventional method. There is no. However, since it rots after a long period of time after death, it is preferable to treat as soon as possible, about 1 to 2 days after death. If it cannot be processed immediately, it is desirable to store it in a freezer (−20 ° C. to −5 ° C.).

In the following, each method for preparing an arthropod specimen treated with propylene glycol will be described step by step. I. The arthropod is heated in propylene glycol, and then the arthropod is removed and the removed arthropod is used as a specimen, or the removed arthropod is used as a specimen by immersing it in a propylene glycol immersion liquid. Methods Arthropods are heated in propylene glycol.
As a specific embodiment of heating an arthropod in propylene glycol, the arthropod is immersed in propylene glycol in a heat-resistant container and heated. Here, the heat-resistant container used is a heat-resistant glass bottle, plastic bag,
Retort bags and the like. These heat-resistant containers are filled with propylene glycol having a mass of 5 to 100 times, preferably 10 to 20 times the weight of the arthropod to be treated. The carcasses of arthropods that have been washed in advance are immersed there. A single heat-resistant container is not limited to one arthropod, and may include a plurality of arthropods.

The propylene glycol used here is:
A surfactant may be added. The surfactant is added in an amount of 0.1 to 100 parts by mass of propylene glycol.
001 to 0.1 parts by mass is appropriate, and preferably 0.005 to 0.1 parts by mass.
To 0.05 part by mass. Examples of the surfactant include common surfactants used in household neutral detergents, such as sodium linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, sodium fatty acid, sodium alkyl ether sulfate, and alkylamine oxide. . Instead of adding a surfactant, a neutral detergent for kitchen, such as More Compact (trade name, manufactured by Kao Corporation) may be added to polypropylene glycol.

As means for heating the heat-resistant container, 70
Water treatment at about 湯 100 ° C., treatment with an autoclave, and treatment with a steamer are included. For example, when boiling water, the heat-resistant container containing the arthropod is immersed in water, and the water is heated and boiled. In the treatment by the autoclave, it is appropriate to set the set temperature to 110 to 130 ° C. Since propylene glycol is flammable, it is dangerous to openly heat a heat-resistant container containing propylene glycol.

The heating time may be long enough to heat-denature the arthropod proteins to be sampled, prevent autolysis, replace the water in the body with propylene glycol, and sufficiently reduce water activity. . In the case of boiling water, generally, it is appropriate to use boiling water for 5 to 15 minutes. During heating, ensure that the arthropod body is fully immersed in propylene glycol. Therefore, if the arthropod body floats, use a chopstick or the like to hold it lightly and immerse it. It is also good to shape while heating.

After heating as described above, the arthropod is removed from the container, and the removed arthropod is used as a specimen. The arthropod is taken out of the heated container, wrapped in tissue paper or paper towel, and left at room temperature for 1 to 3 days to remove liquid. Thereafter, it can be shaped, placed in an arbitrary container, sealed and stored. For example, it can be sealed in a glass bottle, a sample bottle, a plastic bag, or the like with a closed lid. It can also be stored in a specimen box or secured using pins. These sealed containers may contain an oxygen scavenger, a desiccant, a preservative, an alcohol agent, and the like. It is also possible to store in an open state.

After heating as described above, the arthropod is removed, and the removed arthropod is immersed again in a new propylene glycol-containing immersion liquid to obtain a immersed specimen. After heating as described above, it is also possible to use a specimen in an immersed state as it is. However, propylene glycol in which the carcass of the arthropod body has been immersed in the heating step may be turbid due to the discharge from the carcass during heating, and thus it is not preferable to use the propylene glycol as it is for the specimen. Therefore, after heating as described above, the arthropod is taken out, and the taken out arthropod is immersed in a fresh propylene glycol-containing immersion liquid to prepare a immersed specimen.

The propylene glycol-containing immersion liquid to be used may contain only propylene glycol, or may be propylene glycol to which an antioxidant, a deodorant or the like has been added. As the antioxidant, known water-soluble antioxidants such as erythorbic acid, ascorbic acid, ascorbic acid derivatives, and green tea polyphenols can be used. The amount of the antioxidant used is 0.001 to 100 parts by mass of propylene glycol.
0.1 parts by mass is appropriate, and more preferably 0.005 to 5 parts by mass.
0.05 parts by mass. Examples of deodorants include champignon extract, green tea polyphenol, wheat extract, etc.
Plant extracts; As described above, the use of the antioxidant and / or the deodorant has an effect of suppressing the oxidative odor (dry odor) of the specimen. Additives such as antioxidants and deodorants are preferably first dissolved in a small amount of water and then mixed with propylene glycol.

It is also preferable to add a surfactant to the propylene glycol-containing immersion liquid, so that the familiarity between the specimen and propylene glycol can be accelerated. The amount of the surfactant to be added is appropriately 0.001 to 0.1 part by mass, preferably 0.005 to 0.05 part by mass, per 100 parts by mass of propylene glycol. Examples of the surfactant include common surfactants used in household neutral detergents, such as sodium linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, sodium fatty acid, sodium alkyl ether sulfate, and alkylamine oxide. . Instead of adding a surfactant, propylene glycol is replaced with a neutral detergent for kitchen, for example, Moa Compact (trade name: Kao Corporation)
And the like may be added.

The total amount (mass) of the propylene glycol-containing immersion liquid used for the immersion is suitably at least 5 times the body weight of the arthropod, preferably at least 10 times, and the upper limit is 100%.
Times, preferably up to 50 times. Although the propylene glycol-containing immersion liquid may use the above total amount at once,
If it is divided into several times, for example, divided into two to ten times, and each time is performed two or more times while replacing, water / propylene glycol substitution is performed at a high rate, so that the liquid can be saved. Thus, the immersion specimen is completed. The immersed sample obtained as described above does not change for a long time, and the immersion liquid maintains transparency.

The arthropod can be taken out of the immersed specimen prepared as described above and used as a specimen. That is, the specimen in the immersion state can be taken out of the immersion liquid and stored. In this case, the arthropod can be taken out of the propylene glycol-containing immersion liquid and used as a specimen by the same procedure as described above.

II. After heating the arthropod in water or steam, the arthropod is immersed in a immersion solution containing propylene glycol to prepare an immersion specimen, or after the immersion, the arthropod is taken out from the immersion solution containing propylene glycol, and the arthropod is taken out. Method of preparing a foot animal A carcass of a previously washed arthropod is heated in water or with water vapor. Examples of the mode of heating with water or water vapor are as follows: boil an arthropod in water using a container, for example, a pot, a beaker, or the like; and immerse the arthropod in water in a heat-resistant container. 7
Boil at 0-100 ° C., autoclave, or put in a steamer; • put the arthropods directly into a heat-resistant open container, treat with an autoclave, or put in a steamer.

It is preferable that a surfactant is added to the water used for the heating, so that the adaptation between the arthropod body and the water is accelerated and the heating can be performed efficiently. The amount of the surfactant added was 0.001 to 100 parts by mass of water.
To 0.1 part by mass is suitable, and preferably 0.005 to 0.1 part by mass.
05 parts by mass. Examples of the surfactant include common surfactants used in household neutral detergents, such as sodium linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, sodium fatty acid, sodium alkyl ether sulfate, and alkylamine oxide. . Instead of adding a surfactant, add a neutral detergent for kitchen to water, such as Moa Compact (trade name, manufactured by Kao Corporation).
Etc. may be added.

Heating of arthropods in water or by steam is intended to kill bacteria and denature proteins and stop spoilage and autolysis of the specimen. The method I. Therefore, the same one as described can be used. The amount of water used here is not particularly limited, but it is necessary that the amount be sufficient to immerse the entire arthropod. Suitably, water is used in an amount of 10 to 100 times the weight of the arthropod. The heating time may be sufficient to stop sample spoilage and autolysis, and is generally 5 minutes.
It takes about 20 minutes. In the treatment by the autoclave, it is appropriate to set the set temperature to 110 to 130 ° C.

Subsequently, the arthropod is immersed in a propylene glycol-containing immersion liquid to prepare an immersion specimen. The composition of the propylene glycol-containing immersion liquid used is determined according to Method I. As described above, an antioxidant, a deodorant, a surfactant and the like may be added. This immersion is performed at room temperature. It is preferable to use a closed container for immersion. If the water in the arthropod is replaced by propylene glycol and immersed for a period that can sufficiently reduce water activity, the specimen is completed. Such immersion times are generally on the order of one to two weeks. Total amount of propylene glycol-containing immersion liquid used (mass)
Is suitably at least 5 times the weight of the arthropod, preferably 1
0 times or more, the upper limit is 100 times, preferably up to 50 times. The total amount of the propylene glycol-containing immersion liquid may be used at once, but may be divided into several portions, for example, two to
If the replacement is carried out two times or more each time with the replacement being performed ten times, the replacement of water / propylene glycol is performed at a high rate, so that the liquid can be saved. Thus, the immersion specimen is completed. Remove this immersion specimen at any time from the immersion liquid,
The specimen can be processed into a non-immersed state as described below.

The arthropod immersed in the propylene glycol-containing immersion liquid is taken out and used as a specimen. The propylene glycol-containing immersion liquid is the same as that used above. The same applies to containers used for immersion. The immersion procedure is performed as described above. The immersion is performed at room temperature, and the immersion time may be a period during which water in the arthropod body is replaced by propylene glycol and the water activity can be sufficiently reduced. Such immersion times are generally on the order of one to two weeks. That is, the total use amount (mass) of the propylene glycol-containing immersion liquid to be used is appropriately 5 times or more, preferably 10 times or more, and the upper limit is 100 times, preferably up to 50 times the body weight of the arthropod. The total amount of the propylene glycol-containing immersion liquid may be used at one time, but may be divided into several parts, for example, 2 parts.
If it is carried out two times or more each time while exchanging it into 10 to 10 times, the replacement of water / propylene glycol is performed at a high rate, so that the liquid can be saved.

After the above immersion operation, the arthropod is taken out,
The above method I. A sample can be obtained by the procedure described in (1). That is, the removed arthropod is wrapped in tissue paper, paper towel, or the like, and left at room temperature for 1 to 3 days to remove liquid components. Thereafter, it can be shaped, placed in an arbitrary container, sealed and stored. For example, it can be sealed in a glass bottle, a sample bottle, a plastic bag, or the like with a closed lid. It can also be stored in a specimen box or secured using pins. These sealed containers may contain an oxygen scavenger, a desiccant, a preservative, an alcohol agent, and the like. It is also possible to store in an open state.

The present invention is further directed to a kit for preparing an arthropod specimen comprising a container containing propylene glycol. The container for containing propylene glycol may be any container as long as it can hold propylene glycol. For example, it is a glass bottle, a plastic bottle, a plastic bag, or the like. The kit of the present invention, in addition to a container containing propylene glycol,
It may include a heat-resistant container (eg, a plastic bag), a container for storing a specimen, and a package or container containing an antioxidant, a deodorant, a surfactant, a deoxidizer, a desiccant, and the like.

[0026]

According to the method for preparing an arthropod sample of the present invention, the prepared sample has flexible physical properties such as joints and has sufficient strength. Therefore, the movement of the joint can be observed for the hand. In the prepared specimen, the eyeballs and the like do not turn white even after a long period of time since the preparation of the specimen, and maintain the freshness. In addition, there is no generation of mold or decay and no odor at the time of preparing or storing the specimen. Further, the sample preparation process is completed in a short time, and the process is simple. Since propylene glycol is a food additive, it is less dangerous for children to handle, and the present invention is highly safe. By using the kit for preparing an arthropod specimen of the present invention, a favorable specimen can be easily prepared.

[0027]

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.

Example 1 Saw beetles (male, 65 mm in length, 10 g in weight, within 48 hours after death) and beetles (male, 80 mm in length, weight 2) of stag beetles that died spontaneously
(0 g, within 24 hours after death)). 4 for standing bag for retort
00 cc was filled with propylene glycol. Each carcass whose surface was thoroughly washed with tap water was put therein. The standing bag for retort was immersed in a pot filled with 2 liters of water, and the pot was heated by direct heat to boil the water. Heating was stopped by continuing boiling for 12 minutes while occasionally sinking the dead body with chopsticks.
Separately, a small glass bottle with a sealed stopper filled with 200 cc of fresh propylene glycol was prepared, and the dead body of the saw was transferred to this. When the bottle was sealed and immersed and stored as a specimen, there was no change after one year, and the bottle was in a good storage state. On the other hand, the beetle carcass was taken out, wrapped in five layers with a paper towel and left for 3 days to drain the liquid. This sample was put in a plastic bag with gas barrier properties together with an alcohol preservative for food, and sealed and stored with a heat sealer. After one year, there was no change and the sample was in a good storage state. In addition, the physical properties of the specimen were such that the joints were supple and durable and could be moved by hand.

[0028]

Example 2 Stag beetles (male: 70 mm in length, 12 g in weight) were used as insect specimens. The stag beetle is once frozen (-20 ℃)
For 2 weeks, and then removed for specimen preparation.
200 cc of propylene glycol was placed in a 250 cc heat resistant glass container. The dead stag beetle taken out of the freezer and thoroughly washed with tap water was placed in the above propylene glycol. This glass container is filled with water 2
The pot was immersed in a pot filled with liters, and the pot was heated over an open fire to bring the water to a boil. Heating was stopped by continuing boiling for 10 minutes while rolling the corpse with chopsticks from time to time. Separately, a small glass bottle with a closed lid filled with 200 cc of fresh propylene glycol was prepared, and the dead stag beetle was transferred to the small glass bottle. When the bottle was sealed and stored as a specimen in a state of being immersed in propylene glycol, there was no change after one year, and the bottle was in a good storage state.

[0029]

Example 3 One year later, the stag beetle specimen immersed in propylene glycol prepared in Example 2 was taken out of the bottle, wrapped with paper towels five times and left for 3 days to cut off the liquid. When this sample was put in a gas-barrier plastic bag, sealed and stored with a heat sealer, there was no change even after one year, and the sample was in a good storage state. The physical properties of the specimen were such that the joints were supple and durable and could be moved by hand.

[0030]

[Example 4] Stag beetle, Stag beetle, which died spontaneously (male, body length 60mm, weight 8g, within 24 hours after death)
Decided to make an insect specimen. 200 cc of water and 0.1 cc of neutral detergent for kitchen in a standing bag for retort (trade name: More Compact, manufactured by Kao Corporation)
Was satisfied. The insects whose surfaces had been thoroughly washed with tap water were put therein. The standing bag for retort was immersed in a pot filled with 2 liters of water, and the pot was heated by direct heat to boil the water. Heating was stopped by continuing boiling for 12 minutes while occasionally sinking the dead body with chopsticks. Separately, a glass bottle with a sealed lid filled with 200 cc of the following immersion liquid A was prepared, and the miracles were transferred thereto. Immersion liquid A: Propylene glycol 100 g Water 0.2 g Sodium ascorbate 0.01 g Green tea extracted polyphenol 0.01 g (A solution of sodium ascorbate and green tea extracted polyphenol in the above water was added to propylene glycol.)

After 3 days have passed with the bottle sealed and immersed, the immersion liquid A in the bottle is replaced with a new immersion liquid A (200 c
Replaced with c). After further storing for one week, the insects were taken out, wrapped in five layers with a paper towel, and allowed to stand for 3 days to cut off the liquid. When this sample was sealed and stored in a food storage bottle together with a desiccant for food, there was no change after one year, and the sample was in a good storage state. In addition, the physical properties of the specimen were such that the joints were supple and durable, and had no unpleasant odor of decay or oxidation.

[0032]

[Example 5] Beetle that died naturally (male, 80 m long)
m, weight 19 g, within 24 hours after death) were used as insect specimens. Place the above insects washed well in tap water on an aluminum ball and place in an autoclave (Hirayama Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
HA-300MII) and heat-treated at 121 ° C. for 15 minutes. After natural depressurization, a glass bottle with a closed lid filled with 500 cc of the following immersion liquid B was separately prepared, and the sample was transferred to the bottle. Immersion liquid B: Propylene glycol 100 g Water 0.2 g Sodium ascorbate 0.01 g Green tea extracted polyphenol 0.01 g Neutral detergent (more compact, manufactured by Kao) 0.01 g (Sodium ascorbate and green tea extracted polyphenol are dissolved in the above water. The bottle was sealed and stored under immersion.
After one year, there was no change at all and it was in a good storage state. In addition, the physical properties of the specimen were such that the joints were supple and durable, and had no unpleasant odor of decay or oxidation.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An arthropod specimen which has been treated with propylene glycol. 2. A method for preparing an arthropod specimen, comprising heating an arthropod in propylene glycol, removing the arthropod, and using the extracted arthropod as a specimen. 3. An arthropod specimen characterized in that the arthropod is heated in propylene glycol, the arthropod is removed, and the removed arthropod is immersed in a soak solution containing propylene glycol. How to make. 4. A method for preparing an arthropod specimen, wherein the arthropod is heated in water or with steam and then immersed in a propylene glycol-containing immersion liquid to prepare an immersion specimen. 5. An arthropod is heated in water or with steam, immersed in a propylene glycol-containing immersion liquid, and then the arthropod is taken out, and the arthropod taken out is used as a specimen. How to make arthropod specimens. 6. A kit for preparing an arthropod specimen comprising a container containing propylene glycol.