JP2002010502A - Charge and discharge device for storage battery - Google Patents
Charge and discharge device for storage batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002010502A JP2002010502A JP2000181155A JP2000181155A JP2002010502A JP 2002010502 A JP2002010502 A JP 2002010502A JP 2000181155 A JP2000181155 A JP 2000181155A JP 2000181155 A JP2000181155 A JP 2000181155A JP 2002010502 A JP2002010502 A JP 2002010502A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- storage battery
- voltage
- output
- voltage detector
- converter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は，蓄電池の化成又は
化成後のテストに使用する蓄電池用充放電装置に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a battery charging / discharging apparatus used for forming or testing a battery after formation.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】通常，製造された蓄電池の化成又は化成
後のテストには蓄電池の充放電を繰り返すことが行われ
ており，このような蓄電池の充放電に使用する充放電装
置は，特開平９−２３３７１０号で提案しているよう
に，例えば図３に示すように構成されている。2. Description of the Related Art Normally, during the formation of a storage battery or a test after formation, charging and discharging of the storage battery are repeated. As proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 9-233710, for example, it is configured as shown in FIG.
【０００３】図３において，１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃは３相交
流電源に接続された交流入力端子，２は，入力端子１ａ
〜１ｃにそれぞれ接続された３相全波整流用サイリスタ
ブリッジからなる充電用整流回路であり，各サイリスタ
が充電時に図示されていない駆動回路により駆動される
ようになっている。また，１５は充電用整流回路２と逆
並列に接続された３相全波整流用ブリッジからなる回生
用整流回路で，各サイリスタが回生時に図示しない駆動
回路により駆動される。３，４は一端が充電用整流回路
２の正，負出力端子間に直列に設けられた平滑用リアク
トル及びコンデンサである。In FIG. 3, reference numerals 1a, 1b and 1c denote AC input terminals connected to a three-phase AC power source, and 2 denotes an input terminal 1a.
1c is a charging rectifier circuit comprising three-phase full-wave rectifier thyristor bridges, each thyristor being driven by a drive circuit (not shown) during charging. Reference numeral 15 denotes a regenerative rectifier circuit including a three-phase full-wave rectifier bridge connected in anti-parallel with the charging rectifier circuit 2. Each thyristor is driven by a drive circuit (not shown) during regeneration. Reference numerals 3 and 4 denote a smoothing reactor and a capacitor, one end of which is provided in series between the positive and negative output terminals of the charging rectifier circuit 2.
【０００４】５は昇降圧コンバータで，平滑用リアクト
ル３の出力端子に接続されている第１の開閉手段６と，
降圧コンバータ用スイッチング素子のトランジスタ７
と，昇圧コンバータ用スイッチング素子のトランジスタ
８と，トランジスタ７，８と逆並列に接続されたフリー
ホイリングダイオード１７，１８と，平滑用リアクトル
１１と平滑コンデンサ１２と，平滑リアクトル１１の出
力端子に接続されている第２の開閉手段１３ａと，この
第２開閉手段１３ａと並列に接続された第３の開閉手段
１３ｂと限流素子１４との直列回路とを備えている。さ
らに，トランジスタ７，８を高周波ＰＷＭ制御させる昇
降圧コンバータ制御装置２３と，コンデンサ１２の両端
電圧を検出する電圧検出器２２と，昇降圧コンバータ制
御装置２３に入力する出力を設定する出力設定器２５も
備えている。なお，２６は平滑用コンデンサである。Reference numeral 5 denotes a step-up / step-down converter, which includes first switching means 6 connected to an output terminal of the smoothing reactor 3,
Transistor 7 for switching element for step-down converter
Connected to the transistor 8 of the switching element for the boost converter, the freewheeling diodes 17 and 18 connected in antiparallel to the transistors 7 and 8, the smoothing reactor 11, the smoothing capacitor 12, and the output terminal of the smoothing reactor 11. And a series circuit of the third switching means 13b and the current limiting element 14 connected in parallel with the second switching means 13a. Further, a buck-boost converter control device 23 for performing high-frequency PWM control of the transistors 7 and 8, a voltage detector 22 for detecting a voltage across the capacitor 12, and an output setting device 25 for setting an output to be input to the buck-boost converter control device 23 It also has. 26 is a smoothing capacitor.
【０００５】１０５及び２０５は昇降圧コンバータ５と
同じ構成の昇降圧コンバータであり，図１では昇降圧コ
ンバータは３個であるが，蓄電池１０，１１０，２１０
の充放電を行う場合，通常もっと多数の昇降圧コンバー
タで構成される。[0005] Step-up / step-down converters 105 and 205 have the same configuration as the step-up / step-down converter 5. In FIG. 1, there are three step-up / step-down converters.
When charging / discharging a battery, it usually consists of a larger number of buck-boost converters.
【０００６】今，充電用整流回路２に駆動信号を入力し
て駆動させ，充電用整流回路２により交流入力を整流す
る。整流した直流を平滑リアクトル３及び平滑コンデン
サ４により平滑する。また，第１開閉手段６及び第２開
閉手段１３ａに指令信号を入力してオンさせるととも
に，降圧コンバータ用スイッチング素子７に昇降圧コン
バータ制御装置２３のドライブ信号を入力し，オンさせ
る。スイッチング素子７がオンすると，平滑された直流
は開閉手段６，降圧スイッチング素子７，リアクトル１
１，開閉手段１３ａ，蓄電池１０に電流が流れて，蓄電
池１０は充電される。[0006] Now, a drive signal is input to the charging rectifier circuit 2 to be driven, and the AC input is rectified by the charging rectifier circuit 2. The rectified DC is smoothed by the smoothing reactor 3 and the smoothing capacitor 4. In addition, a command signal is inputted to the first opening / closing means 6 and the second opening / closing means 13a to be turned on, and a drive signal of the buck-boost converter control device 23 is inputted to the buck converter switching element 7 to be turned on. When the switching element 7 is turned on, the smoothed DC is supplied to the switching means 6, the step-down switching element 7, the reactor 1
1, a current flows through the opening / closing means 13a and the storage battery 10, and the storage battery 10 is charged.
【０００７】そして，降圧コンバータ用スイッチング素
子７のドライブ信号をオフさせると，スイッチング素子
７はオフし，リアクトル１１の蓄積エネルギは開閉手段
１３ａ，蓄電池１０，フリーホイリングダイオード１８
を介して還流する。When the drive signal of the step-down converter switching element 7 is turned off, the switching element 7 is turned off, and the energy stored in the reactor 11 is stored in the switching means 13a, the storage battery 10, the freewheeling diode 18
Reflux.
【０００８】ここで，電圧検出器２２は平滑コンデンサ
１２の出力電圧を検出し，その検出信号が昇降圧コンバ
ータ制御装置２３に入力される。ここで検出信号が出力
設定器２５の信号と比較され，検出信号が出力設定器２
５の信号に等しくなるように，すなわち，コンバータ制
御装置２３は昇降圧コンバータ５の出力電圧が定電圧に
なるように制御する。Here, the voltage detector 22 detects the output voltage of the smoothing capacitor 12, and the detection signal is input to the step-up / step-down converter control device 23. Here, the detection signal is compared with the signal of the output setting unit 25, and the detection signal is compared with the output setting unit 2
5, that is, the converter control device 23 controls the output voltage of the buck-boost converter 5 to be a constant voltage.
【０００９】次に，蓄電池１０の放電時は，開閉手段６
及び１３ａに指令信号を入力してオンさせ，さらに降圧
コンバータ用スイッチング素子７をオフし，昇圧コンバ
ータ用スイッチング素子８をオンさせると，蓄電池１
０，開閉手段１３ａ，リアクトル１１，昇圧コンバータ
用スイッチング素子８を介して放電する。Next, when the storage battery 10 is discharged, the switching means 6
And 13a, inputting a command signal to turn on, further turning off the step-down converter switching element 7 and turning on the step-up converter switching element 8, the storage battery 1
0, discharge through the switching means 13a, the reactor 11, and the switching element 8 for the boost converter.
【００１０】そして，昇圧コンバータ用スイッチング素
子８のドライブ信号をオフさせると，スイッチング素子
８はオフし，リアクトル１１の蓄積エネルギーはフリー
ホイリングダイオード１７，開閉手段６，リアクトル
３，回生用整流回路１５，交流電源，回生用整流回路１
５，蓄電池１０，開閉手段１３ａを介して放出し，蓄電
池１０のエネルギが交流電源に回生される。When the drive signal of the boost converter switching element 8 is turned off, the switching element 8 is turned off, and the energy stored in the reactor 11 is freewheeling diode 17, switching means 6, reactor 3, regenerative rectifier circuit 15. , AC power supply, rectifier circuit for regeneration 1
5, released through the storage battery 10 and the opening / closing means 13a, and the energy of the storage battery 10 is regenerated to the AC power supply.
【００１１】この蓄電池１０の放電時は，昇降圧コンバ
ータ５の入力を高くすることができる。従って，昇圧時
も降圧時も昇降圧コンバータ５の入力を同じ値にするこ
とが可能となり，各昇降圧コンバータ５，１０５，２０
５…を個別に蓄電池の充電と放電を行うことができる。When the storage battery 10 is discharged, the input of the buck-boost converter 5 can be increased. Therefore, the input of the buck-boost converter 5 can be set to the same value both at the time of boosting and at the time of bucking.
.. Can be charged and discharged individually.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで，平滑コンデ
ンサ１２の両端電圧と蓄電池１０の蓄電池電圧とに差が
生じているとき，例えば充電された蓄電池は電圧が発生
するが，平滑コンデンサには電圧が発生していない場合
がある。このような場合蓄電池１０から平滑コンデンサ
１２に過大電流が流れる。この過大電流を抑制するため
に，限流抵抗１４と第３開閉手段１３ｂが設けられてい
る。そして，充放電の初期は第２開閉手段１３ａを開放
し，第３開閉手段１３ｂを短絡させる。この過大電流は
蓄電池１０の電圧と平滑コンデンサ１２の電圧が等しく
なるようと減少し，平滑コンデンサ１２の電圧が一定に
なることで検出され，第２開閉手段１３ａが短絡され，
第３開閉手段１３ｂが開放される。このため，容量の大
きな限流抵抗１４と第３開閉手段１３ｂを，それぞれ昇
降圧コンバータユニット５，１０５，２０５，に設ける
必要があった。When there is a difference between the voltage across the smoothing capacitor 12 and the battery voltage of the storage battery 10, for example, a charged storage battery generates a voltage, but the smoothing capacitor has a voltage. May not have occurred. In such a case, an excessive current flows from the storage battery 10 to the smoothing capacitor 12. In order to suppress this excessive current, a current limiting resistor 14 and a third opening / closing means 13b are provided. Then, at the beginning of charging and discharging, the second opening / closing means 13a is opened and the third opening / closing means 13b is short-circuited. This excessive current decreases so that the voltage of the storage battery 10 and the voltage of the smoothing capacitor 12 become equal, and is detected when the voltage of the smoothing capacitor 12 becomes constant, and the second switching means 13a is short-circuited.
The third opening / closing means 13b is opened. For this reason, it is necessary to provide the current limiting resistor 14 having a large capacity and the third opening / closing means 13b in the step-up / step-down converter units 5, 105, 205, respectively.
【００１３】[0013]
【課題を解決するための手段】請求項１記載の発明の蓄
電池用充放電装置は，直流電圧を入力とし出力を制御す
るスイッチング素子と，上記出力を平滑し平滑した直流
電圧を蓄電池に印加する平滑コンデンサと，上記平滑コ
ンデンサの両端電圧を検出する第１電圧検出器と，上記
蓄電池の蓄電池電圧を検出する第２電圧検出器と，上記
第１電圧検出器の検出信号を上記第２電圧検出器の検出
信号になるように上記スイッチング素子を制御させる制
御装置を備えたものである。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a charge / discharge device for a storage battery, wherein a switching element that receives a DC voltage as input and controls an output, and applies the smoothed DC voltage to the storage battery. A smoothing capacitor, a first voltage detector for detecting a voltage between both ends of the smoothing capacitor, a second voltage detector for detecting a storage battery voltage of the storage battery, and a second voltage detection for detecting a detection signal of the first voltage detector. And a control device for controlling the switching element so as to be a detection signal of the detector.
【００１４】平滑コンデンサの両端電圧と，蓄電池の蓄
電池電圧に差がある場合，第１電圧検出器によりコンデ
ンサの両端電圧を検出し，第２電圧検出器により蓄電池
の蓄電池電圧を検出する。そして，第１電圧検出器の検
出信号を，第２電圧検出器の検出電圧になるように制御
装置により，スイッチング素子の制御を行う。これによ
り，平滑コンデンサの両端電圧と，蓄電池の蓄電池電圧
に差がなくなり，蓄電池からコンデンサへの充電は徐々
に行われ，過大電流は流れることがない。If there is a difference between the voltage across the smoothing capacitor and the battery voltage of the storage battery, the voltage across the capacitor is detected by the first voltage detector, and the battery voltage of the storage battery is detected by the second voltage detector. The control device controls the switching element so that the detection signal of the first voltage detector becomes the detection voltage of the second voltage detector. As a result, there is no difference between the voltage between both ends of the smoothing capacitor and the storage battery voltage of the storage battery, and the charging of the storage battery from the storage capacitor is performed gradually, and no excessive current flows.
【００１５】また，請求項２記載の発明の蓄電池用充放
電装置は，交流電源を整流する充電用整流回路と，この
充電用整流回路と逆並列に接続され，蓄電池の電気量を
上記交流電源に回生する回生用整流回路と，上記充電用
整流回路の出力に設けられ出力を制御するスイッチング
素子を有する昇降圧コンバータと，上記昇降圧コンバー
タの出力を平滑し平滑した直流電圧を上記蓄電池に印加
する平滑コンデンサと，上記平滑コンデンサの両端電圧
を検出する第１電圧検出器と，上記蓄電池の蓄電池電圧
を検出する第２電圧検出器と，上記第１電圧検出器の検
出信号を上記第２電圧検出器の検出信号になるように上
記昇降圧コンバータを制御させる昇降圧コンバータ制御
装置を備えたものである。According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a charge / discharge device for a storage battery, comprising: a charging rectifier circuit for rectifying an AC power supply; and an anti-parallel connection to the charging rectifier circuit. A rectifying circuit for regenerating power, a step-up / step-down converter having a switching element provided at the output of the charging rectifier circuit and controlling the output, and applying a smoothed DC voltage to the storage battery by smoothing the output of the step-up / step-down converter A smoothing capacitor, a first voltage detector for detecting a voltage between both ends of the smoothing capacitor, a second voltage detector for detecting a storage battery voltage of the storage battery, and a second voltage detector for detecting a detection signal of the first voltage detector. A step-up / step-down converter control device for controlling the step-up / step-down converter so as to generate a detection signal of a detector is provided.
【００１６】充電時には昇降圧コンバータを降圧コンバ
ータとして使用し，放電時には昇圧コンバータとして使
用する。例えば，蓄電池を充電する場合，降圧コンバー
タ用スイッチング素子をオンさせる。蓄電池を放電する
場合，昇圧コンバータ用スイッチング素子をオンさせて
昇圧コンバータ用スイッチング素子を介して放電する。
この後，回生用整流回路を介して放電し，交流電源に回
生させる。The buck-boost converter is used as a buck converter during charging, and is used as a boost converter during discharging. For example, when charging the storage battery, the switching element for the step-down converter is turned on. When discharging the storage battery, the switching element for the boost converter is turned on to discharge through the switching element for the boost converter.
After that, the battery is discharged through a regenerative rectifier circuit and regenerated to an AC power supply.
【００１７】平滑コンデンサの両端電圧と，蓄電池の蓄
電池電圧に差がある場合，第１電圧検出器によりコンデ
ンサの両端電圧を検出し，第２電圧検出器により蓄電池
の蓄電池電圧を検出する。そして，第１電圧検出器の検
出信号を，第２電圧検出器の検出電圧になるように制御
装置により，昇降圧コンバータの制御を行う。これによ
り，平滑コンデンサの両端電圧と，蓄電池の蓄電池電圧
に差がなくなり，蓄電池からコンデンサへの充電は徐々
に行われ，過大電流は流れることがない。If there is a difference between the voltage across the smoothing capacitor and the storage battery voltage of the storage battery, the voltage across the capacitor is detected by the first voltage detector, and the storage battery voltage of the storage battery is detected by the second voltage detector. Then, the control device controls the buck-boost converter so that the detection signal of the first voltage detector becomes the detection voltage of the second voltage detector. As a result, there is no difference between the voltage between both ends of the smoothing capacitor and the storage battery voltage of the storage battery, and the charging of the storage battery from the storage capacitor is performed gradually, and no excessive current flows.
【００１８】また，請求項３記載の発明の蓄電池用充放
電装置は，交流電源に直列に接続された入力リアクトル
と，この入力リアクトルの出力に設けられた整流器と，
この整流器と逆並列に接続され高周波スイッチングする
スイッチング素子とを有し，上記交流電源を整流すると
ともに，交流入力電流を正弦波状に制御し，かつ蓄電池
の電気量を上記交流電源に回生させる双方向コンバータ
と，上記双方向コンバータの出力に設けられ，出力を制
御するスイッチング素子を有する昇降圧コンバータと，
上記昇降圧コンバータの出力を平滑し，平滑した直流電
圧を上記蓄電池に印加する平滑コンデンサと，上記平滑
コンデンサの両端電圧を検出する第１電圧検出器と，上
記蓄電池の蓄電池電圧を検出する第２電圧検出器と，上
記第１電圧検出器の検出信号を上記第２電圧検出器の検
出信号になるように上記昇降圧コンバータを制御させる
昇降圧コンバータ制御装置を備えたものである。According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a charge / discharge device for a storage battery, comprising: an input reactor connected in series to an AC power supply; a rectifier provided at an output of the input reactor;
A switching element connected in anti-parallel to the rectifier and performing high-frequency switching, rectifies the AC power supply, controls an AC input current in a sine wave shape, and regenerates the amount of electricity in a storage battery to the AC power supply. A buck-boost converter provided at the output of the bidirectional converter and having a switching element for controlling the output;
A smoothing capacitor for smoothing the output of the buck-boost converter and applying a smoothed DC voltage to the storage battery, a first voltage detector for detecting a voltage across the smoothing capacitor, and a second voltage detector for detecting a storage battery voltage of the storage battery. A voltage detector; and a buck-boost converter control device for controlling the buck-boost converter so that the detection signal of the first voltage detector becomes the detection signal of the second voltage detector.
【００１９】そして，蓄電池を充電する場合，双方向コ
ンバータのスイッチング素子が高周波スイッチングのオ
ン時に入力リアクトルにエネルギが蓄積し，オフ時に出
力させると，交流入力電流を正弦波状に制御され，双方
向コンバータの出力には所望の直流出力電圧が得られ
る。双方向コンバータの出力をそれぞれの昇降圧コンバ
ータを介して蓄電池を充電する。また，蓄電池を放電す
る場合，双方向コンバータのスイッチング素子が高周波
スイッチングのオンすると，このオン時に双方向コンバ
ータのスイッチング素子及び入力リアクトルを介して交
流電源に回生される。When charging the storage battery, when the switching element of the bidirectional converter accumulates energy in the input reactor when the high-frequency switching is on and outputs the energy when the switching element is off, the AC input current is controlled in a sine wave shape, and the bidirectional converter is controlled. A desired DC output voltage is obtained at the output of. The output of the bidirectional converter charges the storage battery via the respective buck-boost converter. Further, when the storage battery is discharged, when the switching element of the bidirectional converter turns on the high frequency switching, the battery is regenerated to the AC power supply via the switching element of the bidirectional converter and the input reactor when the high frequency switching is turned on.
【００２０】平滑コンデンサの両端電圧と，蓄電池の蓄
電池電圧に差がある場合，第１電圧検出器によりコンデ
ンサの両端電圧を検出し，第２電圧検出器により蓄電池
の蓄電池電圧を検出する。そして，第１電圧検出器の検
出信号を，第２電圧検出器の検出電圧になるように制御
装置により，昇降圧コンバータの制御を行う。これによ
り，平滑コンデンサの両端電圧と，蓄電池の蓄電池電圧
に差がなくなり，蓄電池からコンデンサへの充電は徐々
に行われ，過大電流は流れることがない。If there is a difference between the voltage across the smoothing capacitor and the battery voltage of the storage battery, the voltage across the capacitor is detected by the first voltage detector, and the battery voltage of the storage battery is detected by the second voltage detector. Then, the control device controls the buck-boost converter so that the detection signal of the first voltage detector becomes the detection voltage of the second voltage detector. As a result, there is no difference between the voltage between both ends of the smoothing capacitor and the storage battery voltage of the storage battery, and the charging of the storage battery from the storage capacitor is performed gradually, and no excessive current flows.
【００２１】また，請求項４記載の発明の蓄電池用充放
電装置は，上記昇降圧コンバータが入力端と並列に接続
された降圧コンバータ用スイッチング素子と昇圧コンバ
ータ用スイッチング素子との直列回路と，上記両スイッ
チング素子とそれぞれ逆並列に接続されたフリーホイリ
ングダイオードと，上記両スイッチング素子の接続点と
出力端との間に設けられたリアクトルとを備えたもので
ある。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a charging / discharging device for a storage battery, wherein the step-up / step-down converter is connected in parallel with an input terminal and includes a series circuit of a step-down converter switching element and a step-up converter switching element. It comprises a freewheeling diode connected in anti-parallel with both switching elements, and a reactor provided between a connection point of the two switching elements and an output terminal.
【００２２】そして，充電時には昇降圧コンバータを降
圧コンバータとして使用し，放電時には昇圧コンバータ
として使用する。例えば，蓄電池を充電する場合，降圧
コンバータ用スイッチング素子をオンさせると，この降
圧コンバータ用スイッチング素子，リアクトルを介して
蓄電池を充電し，上記降圧コンバータ用スイッチング素
子をオフさせると，リアクトルの蓄積エネルギーが蓄電
池に環流して蓄電池を充電させる。Then, the buck-boost converter is used as a buck converter during charging, and is used as a boost converter during discharging. For example, when charging the storage battery, when the switching element for the step-down converter is turned on, the storage battery is charged via the switching element for the step-down converter and the reactor, and when the switching element for the step-down converter is turned off, the energy stored in the reactor is reduced. Reflux the storage battery to charge the storage battery.
【００２３】また，蓄電池を放電する場合，昇圧コンバ
ータ用スイッチング素子をオンさせると，蓄電池はリア
クトル，昇圧コンバータ用スイッチング素子を介して放
電する。この後，昇圧コンバータ用スイッチング素子を
オフさせると，蓄電池はリアクトル，降圧コンバータ用
スイッチング素子と逆並列接続されたフリーホイリング
ダイオード，回生用整流回路を介して放電し，交流電源
に回生させる。When the storage battery is discharged, when the switching element for the boost converter is turned on, the storage battery is discharged via the reactor and the switching element for the boost converter. Thereafter, when the switching element for the boost converter is turned off, the storage battery is discharged through the reactor, the freewheeling diode connected in anti-parallel with the switching element for the step-down converter, and the rectifier circuit for regeneration to regenerate the AC power.
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の実施の形態】図１はこの発明の蓄電池用充放電
装置の一実施例を示すブロック結線図である。図１にお
いて，１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃは３相交流電源に接続された交
流入力端子，２は入力端子１ａ〜１ｃに接続された３相
全波整流用サイリスタブリッジからなる充電用整流回路
であり，各サイリスタが充電時に図示されていない駆動
回路により駆動されるようになっている。また，１５は
充電用整流回路２と逆並列に接続された３相全波整流用
サイリスタブリッジからなる回生用整流回路で，各サイ
リスタが回生時に図示しない駆動回路により駆動され
る。３，４は一端が充電用整流回路２の正，負出力端子
間に直列に設けられた平滑用リアクトル及びコンデンサ
である。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a charge / discharge device for a storage battery according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numerals 1a, 1b, and 1c denote AC input terminals connected to a three-phase AC power supply, and reference numeral 2 denotes a charging rectifier circuit including a thyristor bridge for three-phase full-wave rectification connected to input terminals 1a to 1c. Each thyristor is driven by a drive circuit (not shown) during charging. Reference numeral 15 denotes a regenerative rectifier circuit including a three-phase full-wave rectifier thyristor bridge connected in anti-parallel with the charging rectifier circuit 2. Each thyristor is driven by a drive circuit (not shown) during regeneration. Reference numerals 3 and 4 denote a smoothing reactor and a capacitor, one end of which is provided in series between the positive and negative output terminals of the charging rectifier circuit 2.
【００２５】５は昇降圧コンバータで，平滑用リアクト
ル３の出力端子と充電用整流回路２の負出力端子間に接
続されている。この昇降圧コンバータ５は平滑用リアク
トル３の出力端子と接続された開閉手段６と，この開閉
手段６と充電用整流回路２の負出力端子間には直列接続
された降圧コンバータ用スイッチング素子のトランジス
タ７と，昇圧コンバータ用スイッチング素子のトランジ
スタ８と，さらに，トランジスタ７，８と逆並列に接続
されたフリーホイリングダイオード１７，１８とを有し
ている。トランジスタ８の両端には直列に接続され平滑
リアクトル１１と平滑コンデンサ１２とが設けられ，平
滑リアクトル１１の出力を出力端子し，負荷の蓄電池が
接続されている。さらに，昇降圧コンバータ５は開閉手
段１３と，トランジスタ７，８を高周波ＰＷＭ制御させ
る昇降圧コンバータ制御装置２３と，平滑コンデンサ１
２の両端電圧を検出する第１の電圧検出器２２と，蓄電
池１０の蓄電池電圧を検出する第２の電圧検出器２７と
により構成されている。なお，２５はコンバータ制御装
置２３に入力する出力を設定する出力設定器，２６は平
滑用コンデンサである。A step-up / step-down converter 5 is connected between the output terminal of the smoothing reactor 3 and the negative output terminal of the charging rectifier circuit 2. The step-up / step-down converter 5 includes switching means 6 connected to the output terminal of the smoothing reactor 3, and a transistor of a switching element for the step-down converter connected in series between the switching means 6 and the negative output terminal of the charging rectifier circuit 2. 7, a transistor 8 as a switching element for a boost converter, and free-wheeling diodes 17 and 18 connected in anti-parallel with the transistors 7 and 8. A smoothing reactor 11 and a smoothing capacitor 12 are provided at both ends of the transistor 8 and are connected in series. The output of the smoothing reactor 11 is an output terminal, and a storage battery of a load is connected. Further, the step-up / step-down converter 5 includes an opening / closing means 13, a step-up / step-down converter control device 23 for performing high-frequency PWM control on the transistors 7 and 8,
The first voltage detector 22 detects the voltage between both terminals of the storage battery 2, and the second voltage detector 27 detects the storage battery voltage of the storage battery 10. Here, reference numeral 25 denotes an output setting device for setting an output to be input to the converter control device 23, and reference numeral 26 denotes a smoothing capacitor.
【００２６】１０５及び２０５は昇降圧コンバータ５と
同じ構成の昇降圧コンバータであり，図１では昇降圧コ
ンバータは３個であるが，蓄電池の充放電を行う場合，
通常多数の昇降圧コンバータで構成される。Reference numerals 105 and 205 denote buck-boost converters having the same configuration as the buck-boost converter 5. In FIG. 1, there are three buck-boost converters.
It usually consists of a number of buck-boost converters.
【００２７】次に通常時の動作を説明する。このとき開
閉手段６及び１３にオンされている。そして，充電用整
流回路２に駆動信号を入力して駆動させ，充電用整流回
路２により交流入力を整流する。整流した直流を平滑リ
アクトル３及び平滑コンデンサ４により平滑する。ま
た，降圧コンバータ用スイッチング素子のトランジスタ
７に昇降圧コンバータ制御装置２３の高周波スイッチン
グするドライブ信号を入力し，オンさせる。トランジス
タ７がオンすると，平滑された直流は開閉手段６，トラ
ンジスタ７，リアクトル１１，開閉手段１３，蓄電池１
０，に電流が流れて，蓄電池は充電される。Next, the normal operation will be described. At this time, the opening / closing means 6 and 13 are turned on. Then, a drive signal is input to the charging rectifier circuit 2 to drive it, and the charging rectifier circuit 2 rectifies the AC input. The rectified DC is smoothed by the smoothing reactor 3 and the smoothing capacitor 4. Further, a drive signal for high-frequency switching of the step-up / step-down converter control device 23 is input to the transistor 7 of the step-down converter switching element and turned on. When the transistor 7 is turned on, the smoothed direct current is supplied to the switching means 6, the transistor 7, the reactor 11, the switching means 13, and the storage battery 1.
0, current flows, and the storage battery is charged.
【００２８】そして，降圧コンバータ用トランジスタ７
のドライブ信号をオフさせると，トランジスタ７はオフ
し，リアクトル１１の蓄積エネルギは開閉手段１３，蓄
電池１０，フリーホイリングダイオード１８を介して還
流する。The step-down converter transistor 7
When the drive signal is turned off, the transistor 7 is turned off, and the energy stored in the reactor 11 is returned via the opening / closing means 13, the storage battery 10, and the freewheeling diode 18.
【００２９】また，蓄電池１０の放電時は，降圧コンバ
ータ用トランジスタ７をオフし，昇圧コンバータ用スイ
ッチング素子のトランジスタ８をオンさせると，蓄電池
１０，開閉手段１３，リアクトル１１，昇圧コンバータ
用トランジスタ８，蓄電池１０を介して放電する。When the storage battery 10 is discharged, the step-down converter transistor 7 is turned off and the step-up converter switching element transistor 8 is turned on, so that the storage battery 10, the opening / closing means 13, the reactor 11, the step-up converter transistor 8, Discharge is performed via the storage battery 10.
【００３０】そして，昇圧コンバータ用トランジスタ８
のドライブ信号をオフさせると，トランジスタ８はオフ
し，リアクトル１１の蓄積エネルギーはフリーホイリン
グダイオード１７，開閉手段６，リアクトル３，回生用
整流回路１５，交流電源，回生用整流回路１５，蓄電池
１０，開閉手段１３を介して放出し，蓄電池１０のエネ
ルギが交流電源に回生される。Then, the step-up converter transistor 8
When the drive signal is turned off, the transistor 8 is turned off, and the energy stored in the reactor 11 is freewheeling diode 17, switching means 6, reactor 3, regenerative rectifier circuit 15, AC power supply, regenerative rectifier circuit 15, storage battery 10 Is released through the opening / closing means 13, and the energy of the storage battery 10 is regenerated to the AC power supply.
【００３１】この蓄電池１０の放電時は，昇降圧コンバ
ータ５の入力を高くすることができる。従って，昇圧時
も降圧時も昇降圧コンバータ５の入力を同じ値にするこ
とが可能となり，各昇降圧コンバータ５，１０５，２０
５…を個別に蓄電池の充電と放電を行うことができる。When the storage battery 10 is discharged, the input of the step-up / step-down converter 5 can be increased. Therefore, the input of the buck-boost converter 5 can be set to the same value both at the time of boosting and at the time of bucking.
.. Can be charged and discharged individually.
【００３２】次に，コンデンサ１２の両端電圧と蓄電池
１０の蓄電池電圧とに差があり，充放電開始の開閉手段
１３を短絡したときについて説明する。第１電圧検出器
２２によりコンデンサ１２の両端電圧を検出し，第２電
圧検出器２により蓄電池１０の蓄電池電圧を検出する。
そして，第１電圧検出器２２の検出信号を，第２電圧検
出器２７の検出電圧になるように昇降圧コンバータ制御
装置２３を，降圧コンバータ用トランジスタ７又は昇圧
コンバータ用トランジスタ８の制御を行う。Next, a case where there is a difference between the voltage between both ends of the capacitor 12 and the storage battery voltage of the storage battery 10 and the switching means 13 for starting charging and discharging is short-circuited will be described. The voltage across the capacitor 12 is detected by the first voltage detector 22, and the storage battery voltage of the storage battery 10 is detected by the second voltage detector 2.
Then, the step-up / step-down converter control device 23 controls the step-down converter transistor 7 or the step-up converter transistor 8 so that the detection signal of the first voltage detector 22 becomes the detection voltage of the second voltage detector 27.
【００３３】これにより，コンデンサ１２の両端電圧と
蓄電池１０の蓄電池電圧とに差がなくなり，蓄電池１０
からコンデンサ１２への充電は徐々に行われ，従来のよ
うに過大電流は流れることがなく，限流抵抗及び開閉手
段を設ける必要がない。As a result, there is no difference between the voltage across the capacitor 12 and the storage battery voltage of the storage battery 10, and the storage battery 10
The charging of the capacitor 12 is performed gradually, and no excessive current flows as in the prior art, and there is no need to provide a current limiting resistor and switching means.
【００３４】上記実施の形態では，昇圧及び降圧コンバ
ータ用スイッチング素子にトランジスタを用いていた
が，ＩＧＢＴ，ＦＥＴ，バイボーラトランジスタ等であ
ってもよい。In the above embodiment, a transistor is used as the switching element for the step-up and step-down converter. However, an IGBT, FET, bi-boral transistor, or the like may be used.
【００３５】上記図１に示す実施形態は充電用整流器及
び回生用整流器が例えばサイリスタで構成されるため，
充電時（力行）と放電時（回生）のサイリスタの制御角
が異なるため，回生力率が悪く，回生した有効電力の利
用率がよくないことがあった。これを改善するための実
施態様を図２に示す。図２において図１と同じ符号のも
のは同じ機能のものを示している。異なる点は，充電用
整流回路と回生用整流回路とを双方向コンバータ５２に
代えたものである。すなわち，双方向コンバータ５２
は，交流電源に直列に接続された入力リアクトル５１
と，入力リアクトル５１の出力に設けられた整流器５３
〜５８と，この整流器５３〜５８と逆並列に接続され高
周波スイッチングするスイッチング素子６３〜６８と，
入力電圧を検出する入力電圧検出器７１と，入力電流を
検出する電流検出器７２と，電流検出信号を電圧変換す
る電流電圧変換器７３と，双方向コンバータの出力電圧
を検出する直流電圧検出器７４と，入力電圧検出器７１
と電流電圧変換器７３と直流電圧検出器７４の出力信号
を入力とし，交流入力電流を正弦波にするとともに力率
を１にするようスイッチング素子６３〜６８を制御する
双方向コンバータ制御装置７５とを設けたものである。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the charging rectifier and the regenerative rectifier are constituted by, for example, thyristors.
Since the control angles of the thyristors at the time of charging (power running) and at the time of discharging (regeneration) are different, the regenerative power factor is poor, and the utilization rate of the regenerated active power is sometimes poor. An embodiment for improving this is shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, those having the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 have the same functions. The difference is that the charging rectifier circuit and the regenerative rectifier circuit are replaced with a bidirectional converter 52. That is, the bidirectional converter 52
Is an input reactor 51 connected in series to an AC power supply.
And a rectifier 53 provided at the output of the input reactor 51.
Switching elements 63 to 68 connected in anti-parallel to the rectifiers 53 to 58 and performing high-frequency switching;
An input voltage detector 71 for detecting an input voltage, a current detector 72 for detecting an input current, a current-voltage converter 73 for converting a current detection signal into a voltage, and a DC voltage detector for detecting an output voltage of a bidirectional converter 74 and an input voltage detector 71
A bidirectional converter control device 75 which receives the output signals of the current-voltage converter 73 and the DC voltage detector 74, controls the switching elements 63 to 68 so that the AC input current has a sine wave and the power factor is 1, and Is provided.
【００３６】そして，蓄電池を充電する場合，双方向コ
ンバータ５２のスイッチング素子６３〜６８が高周波ス
イッチングさせスイッチング素子６３〜６８のオン時に
入力リアクトル５１にエネルギが蓄積し，オフ時に出力
させると，交流入力電流を正弦波状に制御でき，入力電
流は入力電圧に追従して制御され，力率は１にすること
ができる。さらに直流電圧検出器７４を検出し，出力設
定値と比較させ，誤差が０になるように制御させること
により双方向コンバータの出力には所望の値の出力を得
ることになる。双方向コンバータ５２の出力はそれぞれ
の昇降圧コンバータ５，１０５，２０５を介して蓄電池
を充電する。When the storage battery is charged, the switching elements 63 to 68 of the bidirectional converter 52 perform high-frequency switching to store energy in the input reactor 51 when the switching elements 63 to 68 are on and output when the switching elements 63 to 68 are off. The current can be controlled sinusoidally, the input current is controlled to follow the input voltage, and the power factor can be made unity. Further, the DC voltage detector 74 is detected, compared with the output set value, and controlled so that the error becomes 0, thereby obtaining an output of a desired value as the output of the bidirectional converter. The output of the bidirectional converter 52 charges the storage battery via the respective buck-boost converters 5, 105, 205.
【００３７】また，蓄電池を放電する場合，双方向コン
バータ５２のスイッチング素子６３〜６８が高周波スイ
ッチングのオン時にスイッチング素子及び入力リアクト
ルを介して交流電源に回生される。When the storage battery is discharged, the switching elements 63 to 68 of the bidirectional converter 52 are regenerated to the AC power through the switching element and the input reactor when the high-frequency switching is turned on.
【００３８】[0038]
【発明の効果】請求項１乃至４記載の発明の蓄電池用充
放電装置によれば，平滑コンデンサの両端電圧と，蓄電
池の蓄電池電圧に差がある場合，第１電圧検出器により
コンデンサと両端電圧を検出し，第２電圧検出器により
蓄電池の蓄電池電圧を検出する。そして，第１電圧検出
器の検出信号を，第２電圧検出器の検出電圧になるよう
に制御装置を，昇降圧コンバータのスイッチング素子の
制御を行う。これにより，蓄電池からコンデンサへの充
電は徐々に行われ，過大電流は流れることがない。そし
て，従来のように大容量の限流抵抗を設けることも，ま
た限流抵抗と開閉手段を設ける必要もない。According to the charging / discharging device for a storage battery according to the present invention, when there is a difference between the voltage across the smoothing capacitor and the voltage across the storage battery of the storage battery, the first voltage detector detects the voltage between the capacitor and the both ends. Is detected, and the storage battery voltage of the storage battery is detected by the second voltage detector. The control device controls the switching element of the buck-boost converter so that the detection signal of the first voltage detector becomes the detection voltage of the second voltage detector. As a result, charging of the capacitor from the storage battery is performed gradually, and no excessive current flows. Further, it is not necessary to provide a large-capacity current-limiting resistor as in the prior art, nor to provide a current-limiting resistor and a switching means.
【００３９】なお，請求項３記載の発明の蓄電池用充放
電装置では，交流入力電流を正弦波状に制御でき，入力
電流を入力電圧に追従して制御され，力率を１にするこ
とができる。そして，回生電力を有効利用することがで
きる。In the charging / discharging device for a storage battery according to the third aspect of the invention, the AC input current can be controlled in a sine wave shape, the input current is controlled to follow the input voltage, and the power factor can be set to 1. . And the regenerative power can be used effectively.
【図１】本発明の蓄電池用充放電装置の一実施の形態を
示すブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a storage battery charge / discharge device of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の蓄電池用充放電装置の他の実施形態を
示すブロック図である。FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the storage battery charge / discharge device of the present invention.
【図３】従来の蓄電池用充放電装置のブロック図であ
る。FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a conventional charge / discharge device for a storage battery.
２ 充電用整流回路 ３ 平滑リアクトル ４ コンデンサ ５，１０５，２０５ 昇降圧コンバータ ６，１３ 開閉手段 ７ 降圧コンバータ用スイッチング素子 ８ 昇圧コンバータ用スイッチング素子 １０，１１０，２１０ 蓄電池 １７，１８ フリーホイリングダイオード ２２ 第１電圧検出器 ２３ コンバータ制御装置 ２５ 出力設定器 ２６ 平滑コンデンサ ２７ 第２電圧検出器 2 Charging rectifier circuit 3 Smoothing reactor 4 Capacitor 5, 105, 205 Step-up / step-down converter 6, 13 Opening / closing means 7 Step-down converter switching element 8 Step-up converter switching element 10, 110, 210 Storage battery 17, 18 Free-wheeling diode 22 1 voltage detector 23 converter control device 25 output setting device 26 smoothing capacitor 27 second voltage detector
フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 5G003 CC02 5H030 AA06 AS20 BB01 BB09 BB21 BB27 DD04 DD12 FF43 Continuation of the front page F term (reference) 5G003 CC02 5H030 AA06 AS20 BB01 BB09 BB21 BB27 DD04 DD12 FF43
Claims (4)
ッチング素子と，上記出力を平滑し，平滑した直流電圧
を蓄電池に印加する平滑コンデンサと，上記平滑コンデ
ンサの両端電圧を検出する第１電圧検出器と，上記蓄電
池の蓄電池電圧を検出する第２電圧検出器と，上記第１
電圧検出器の検出信号を上記第２電圧検出器の検出信号
になるように上記スイッチング素子を制御させる制御装
置を備えた蓄電池用充放電装置。1. A switching element for controlling an output using a DC voltage as an input, a smoothing capacitor for smoothing the output and applying the smoothed DC voltage to a storage battery, and a first voltage detector for detecting a voltage across the smoothing capacitor. A second voltage detector for detecting a storage battery voltage of the storage battery;
A charge / discharge device for a storage battery, comprising: a control device that controls the switching element so that a detection signal of a voltage detector becomes a detection signal of the second voltage detector.
この充電用整流回路と逆並列に接続され，蓄電池の電気
量を上記交流電源に回生する回生用整流回路と，上記充
電用整流回路の出力に設けられ出力を制御するスイッチ
ング素子を有する昇降圧コンバータと，上記昇降圧コン
バータの出力を平滑し平滑した直流電圧を上記蓄電池に
印加する平滑コンデンサと，上記平滑コンデンサの両端
電圧を検出する第１電圧検出器と，上記蓄電池の蓄電池
電圧を検出する第２電圧検出器と，上記第１電圧検出器
の検出信号を上記第２電圧検出器の検出信号になるよう
に上記昇降圧コンバータを制御させる昇降圧コンバータ
制御装置を備えた蓄電池用充放電装置。2. A charging rectifier circuit for rectifying an AC power supply,
A rectifying circuit connected in anti-parallel to the rectifying circuit for charging and regenerating the amount of electricity of the storage battery to the AC power supply, and a step-up / down converter having a switching element provided at the output of the rectifying circuit for charging and controlling the output A smoothing capacitor that smoothes the output of the buck-boost converter and applies a smoothed DC voltage to the storage battery; a first voltage detector that detects a voltage across the smoothing capacitor; and a second voltage detector that detects the storage battery voltage of the storage battery. A charge / discharge device for a storage battery, comprising: a two-voltage detector; and a buck-boost converter control device for controlling the buck-boost converter so that a detection signal of the first voltage detector becomes a detection signal of the second voltage detector.
トルと，この入力リアクトルの出力に設けられた整流器
と，この整流器と逆並列に接続され高周波スイッチング
するスイッチング素子とを有し，上記交流電源を整流す
るとともに，交流入力電流を正弦波状に制御し，かつ蓄
電池の電気量を上記交流電源に回生させる双方向コンバ
ータと，上記双方向コンバータの出力に設けられ，出力
を制御するスイッチング素子を有する昇降圧コンバータ
と，上記昇降圧コンバータの出力を平滑し，平滑した直
流電圧を上記蓄電池に印加する平滑コンデンサと，上記
平滑コンデンサの両端電圧を検出する第１電圧検出器
と，上記蓄電池の蓄電池電圧を検出する第２電圧検出器
と，上記第１電圧検出器の検出信号を上記第２電圧検出
器の検出信号になるように上記昇降圧コンバータを制御
させる昇降圧コンバータ制御装置を備えた蓄電池用充放
電装置。3. An AC power supply comprising: an input reactor connected in series to an AC power supply; a rectifier provided at an output of the input reactor; and a switching element connected in antiparallel to the rectifier and performing high-frequency switching. A bi-directional converter that rectifies the current and controls the AC input current in a sine wave form and regenerates the amount of electricity in the storage battery to the AC power supply; and a switching element that is provided at the output of the bi-directional converter and controls the output. A buck-boost converter, a smoothing capacitor for smoothing the output of the buck-boost converter and applying a smoothed DC voltage to the storage battery, a first voltage detector for detecting a voltage across the smoothing capacitor, and a storage battery voltage of the storage battery And the detection signal of the first voltage detector becomes the detection signal of the second voltage detector. A charge / discharge device for a storage battery including a buck-boost converter control device for controlling the buck-boost converter.
接続された降圧コンバータ用スイッチング素子と昇圧コ
ンバータ用スイッチング素子との直列回路と，上記両ス
イッチング素子とそれぞれ逆並列に接続されたフリーホ
イリングダイオードと，上記両スイッチング素子の接続
点と出力端との間に設けられたリアクトルとを備えた請
求項２又は３記載の蓄電池用充放電装置。4. A series circuit of a step-up / down converter switching element and a step-up converter switching element, wherein the step-up / step-down converter is connected in parallel with an input terminal, and a free wheeling connected in anti-parallel with both of the switching elements. 4. The charge / discharge device for a storage battery according to claim 2, further comprising a diode, and a reactor provided between a connection point of the two switching elements and an output terminal.
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000181155A JP4125855B2 (en) | 2000-06-16 | 2000-06-16 | Charge / discharge device for storage battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000181155A JP4125855B2 (en) | 2000-06-16 | 2000-06-16 | Charge / discharge device for storage battery |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002010502A true JP2002010502A (en) | 2002-01-11 |
| JP4125855B2 JP4125855B2 (en) | 2008-07-30 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000181155A Expired - Fee Related JP4125855B2 (en) | 2000-06-16 | 2000-06-16 | Charge / discharge device for storage battery |
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