KR101402209B1 - Single phase AC load apparatus for regenerating power - Google Patents

Abstract

The power regeneration type single-phase AC load device includes a full-wave rectification section for full-wave rectifying a single-phase AC power source, a power factor control section for controlling the power factor of the output power source of the full- wave rectification section to be 1, A smoothing circuit section including a smoothing capacitor having a storage voltage at which the stored output voltage is boosted by the regeneration amount command section; and a smoothing circuit section for smoothing the voltage stored in the smoothing capacitor in accordance with an amount of power regeneration input through the regeneration amount command section, And a main control unit for controlling the operation of the power factor control unit and the operation of the regenerative control unit. The power factor control section includes a boost reactor for receiving and storing energy from the full-wave rectification section and a boost switch element for delivering energy stored in the boost reactor to the smoothing capacitor in response to a control signal of the main control section.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a power regeneration type single-

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an alternating current load apparatus, and more particularly, to a power supply regenerative type (power regeneration type) single phase alternating current load apparatus which can control a power factor, will be.

A single-phase AC load device must include a load model that takes a constant voltage (or constant current) even if the external conditions (output AC power voltage of load-tested equipment under load or under-skin condition) fluctuate, The lesser the load, the higher the load.

1 is a circuit diagram showing a conventional single-phase AC load device.

1, the single-phase AC load device includes a transformer to which a single-phase AC power source having a frequency of 60 (Hz) and an AC voltage of 220 (volt) is applied, A capacitor section for performing a function of a smoothing capacitor, and a capacitor section for changing the resistance value for testing the output of the AC voltage (or alternating current) of the single-phase power supply, Resistance load (load resistance).

The single-phase alternating-current load device of Fig. 1 should act as a load of a predetermined condition even if the external condition (the power supply voltage (voltage of single-phase power supply) or the state of the load equipment) changes. The load equipment may be an apparatus for generating an output of a single-phase power source, for example, a device for storing solar energy as DC electric energy and converting the stored energy into AC electric energy. However, in the single-phase AC load device of Fig. 1, when the power supply voltage fluctuates, the state of the power supply voltage causes fluctuation of the dc part (rectifying part) voltage, A voltage that varies every moment is applied. Further, in the case of using a resistor in the load device, since energy is dissipated to the heat in the resistor as much as the load, the energy may not be saved. Also, the current flowing from the single-phase power source includes a large amount of harmonics, and the power factor may be lowered, so that a considerable amount of reactive power may be consumed in the capacitor section.

Further, since the voltage fluctuation is discontinuously made in the voltage change portion at the rear end of the transformer, it is impossible to set the small variation of the load (resistance load).

The object of the present invention is to provide a power regeneration type power regeneration type regenerative power regeneration type regenerative power regeneration type power regeneration type regenerative power regeneration type Phase alternating-current load device.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power regeneration type single-phase AC load device including: a full-wave rectification unit for full-wave rectifying a single-phase AC power; A power factor control unit for controlling the power factor of the output power of the full wave rectification unit to be 1; A smoothing circuit portion including a smoothing capacitor having a storage voltage, the smoothing capacitor storing an output voltage of the full wave rectification portion and boosting the stored output voltage by energy stored in the power factor control portion; A regenerative control unit for converting a voltage stored in the smoothing capacitor into an alternating voltage corresponding to the amount of regenerated power and outputting the alternating voltage in response to a regeneration amount of power input through the regeneration amount command unit; And a main controller for controlling the operation of the power factor control unit and the operation of the regenerative control unit, wherein the power factor control unit includes: a boost reactor for receiving and storing energy from the full wave rectifier unit; And a boost switch element for transmitting energy stored in the boost reactor to the smoothing capacitor in response to a control signal of the main control unit.

The boost switch element may be turned off when the stored energy of the boost reactor reaches a reference value to provide energy stored in the boost reactor to the smoothing capacitor.

The regenerative control unit may include switch elements for converting a voltage stored in the smoothing capacitor into an alternating voltage corresponding to the regenerative power amount in response to a control signal of the main control unit.

The power regeneration type single-phase AC load device according to the present invention uses a power factor control circuit (power factor improvement circuit) to maintain a constant DC voltage even when the external power voltage fluctuates, and maintains the power factor of 1 to minimize the reactive power And can function (function) as an energy-saving power regeneration type load device instead of the thermal energy small type load method by the conventional resistance.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS For a more complete understanding of the drawings used in the detailed description of the present invention, a brief description of each drawing is provided.
1 is a circuit diagram showing a conventional single-phase AC load device.
2 is a block diagram illustrating a power regenerative single-phase AC load device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a circuit diagram illustrating an embodiment of components included in the power regenerative single-phase AC load apparatus 100 shown in FIG.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS For a better understanding of the present invention, and the objects attained by the practice of the invention, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the invention, and to the description in the accompanying drawings.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals in the drawings denote like elements.

2 is a block diagram illustrating a power regenerative single-phase AC load device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2, a power regenerative single-phase AC load device 100 includes a full wave rectification unit 110, a power phase and current detection unit 140, a power factor control unit 115, a smoothing circuit unit 120, A DC voltage detection unit 145, a regeneration amount instruction unit 165, a regeneration control unit 125, an output filter circuit unit 130, a power supply current detection unit 150, a power phase and power size detection unit 155, an isolation transformer a transformer 135, and a main control unit 170. The power regeneration type single-phase AC load device 100 may also be referred to as a single-phase power regenerative load device and may be a power regenerative type single-phase alternating-current load device (hereinafter, referred to as " Output voltage) normally occurs) in a test mode.

The full-wave rectification section 110 can full-wave rectify the single-phase power source 105, which is a single-phase AC power source, to generate a DC power source (ripple) having a ripple frequency twice the power source frequency of the single- The single-phase power supply 105 may generate an alternating voltage of, for example, a frequency of 60 (Hz) and a magnitude of 220 (volts). The single-phase power source 105 is a power source output from an apparatus for generating an output of a single-phase power source, for example, from a device (a load device) that stores solar energy as DC electric energy and converts the stored energy into AC electric energy It can mean the output power.

The power phase and current detector 140, the power factor controller 115, the smoothing circuit 120, and the DC voltage detector 145 may constitute a power factor improving circuit.

The power phase and current detection unit 140 may detect the output power phase (output voltage phase and output current phase) and the output current amount of the full wave rectification unit 110 and provide the output power phase to the main control unit 170. The power phase and current detector 140 can detect the magnitude of the output voltage of the full wave rectifier 110, the magnitude of the output current, the phase magnitude of the output voltage, and the phase magnitude of the output current. The main control unit 170 controls the turn-on and turn-off of the boost switch included in the power factor control unit 115 using the detected output power phase, the magnitude of the output voltage, Off control is performed so that the power factor of the output power of the full-wave rectifier 110 can be controlled to be 1.

The power factor control unit 115 is a boosting block and includes the output voltage of the full wave rectification unit 110 that is full-wave rectified by the output voltage (or output current) of the single phase power supply 105 and is included in the smoothing circuit unit 120 The power factor of the power source output from the full-wave rectification section 110 can be controlled to be improved by storing the raised voltage in the smoothing capacitor. That is, the power factor control unit 115 may perform a function to increase (improve) the power factor of the output power of the full-wave rectification unit 110 to 1.

The power factor control section 115 includes a boost reactor (boost inductor) and a boost switch element. The boost reactor receives energy (electric energy) from the full-wave rectification section 110 and stores (charges) the same. The boost switch element is turned on (turned on) by receiving the control signal of the main control unit 170 to store the power for charging the smoothing capacitor included in the smoothing circuit unit 120 in the boost reactor, (Turned off) when the stored (charged) energy of the boost reactor becomes the reference value (the reference value or more) by receiving the control signal of the boost converter 170 and the energy stored in the boost reactor is supplied to the smoothing capacitor of the smoothing circuit unit 120 to provide. That is, the boost switch element transmits the energy stored in the boost reactor to the smoothing capacitor in response to the control signal of the main controller 170. The reference value is a value for setting the power factor of the output power of the full-wave rectification unit 110 to 1 by the power factor control unit 115 and the phase of the output power (output voltage and output current) detected by the current detection unit 140, The magnitude of the output voltage, and the amount of the output current.

The smoothing circuit unit 120 includes a smoothing capacitor (smoothing capacitor) that receives the output power of the full-wave rectification unit 110 and charges energy. The smoothing capacitor stores the output voltage of the full wave rectification part 110 and stores the stored voltage (output voltage or DC voltage) boosted by the stored output voltage of the current rectification part 110 by the energy stored in the power factor control part 115. [ Lt; / RTI > The smoothing capacitor can perform a role (function) as a load (capacitive load) in the power regeneration type single-phase AC load device 100.

The process of boosting the voltage of the smoothing capacitor included in the smoothing circuit unit 120 under the control of the power factor control unit 115 will be described as follows.

When the boost switch element included in the power factor control unit 115 receives a signal (control signal) of a DC (direct current) gate driving unit included in the main control unit 170 and is turned on (turned on), the power factor control unit The magnetic field energy can be abruptly stored in the boost reactor by the output current of the full-wave rectification section 110 through the closed circuit composed of the boost reactor and the boost switching element included in the boost reactor.

When the energy of the boost reactor is charged to a predetermined amount or more, the boost switch element is cut off, and the energy charged in the boost reactor flows through a boost diode included in the smoothing circuit unit 120 to form a capacitor bank, The smoothing capacitor of the circuit part 120 can be charged to raise the voltage of the smoothing capacitor.

The voltage charged in the smoothing capacitor is detected through the DC voltage detector 145 and provided to the main controller 170. The main control unit 170 controls the voltage of the smoothing capacitor detected by the DC voltage detection unit 145 so that the DC voltage soft start (or the DC voltage soft start control unit) for preventing the sharp rise of the voltage of the smoothing capacitor (The difference value between the output value of the DC voltage soft start and the voltage of the smoothing capacitor detected by the DC voltage detection section 145) is compared with the DC voltage proportional integral controller And a DC voltage command restricting unit which performs a function of adjusting the limit value so as not to exceed the limit value. The DC voltage is insulated through a DC voltage insulated driving unit, and then the boost switch element of the power factor control unit 115 is turned on (turned on) . The DC voltage soft start, the DC voltage proportional integral controller, the DC voltage command limiter, and the DC voltage gate driver may be included in the main controller 170. And the voltage of the smoothing capacitor is closed loop control so that the voltage of the smoothing capacitor coincides with the set value passed through the DC voltage command output unit included in the main control unit 170. That is, the DC voltage command output unit, the DC voltage soft start, the DC voltage proportional integral controller, the DC voltage command limiter, the DC voltage gate driver, and the DC voltage detector 145 calculate the amount of power supplied from the boost reactor to the smoothing capacitor Can be used to control. The operations of the DC voltage command output section to the DC voltage detection section 145 can be such that the process of raising the voltage of the smoothing capacitor is performed by a gentle command instead of a sudden command.

Even if the power source voltage of the single-phase power source 105 fluctuates, the voltage of the smoothing capacitor included in the smoothing circuit unit 120 can be kept constant, and the power factor can be controlled to be 1, And can be used with maximum efficiency.

The regeneration amount instruction unit 165 is an input unit that allows the isolation transformer 135 to provide an AC voltage having a magnitude greater than the voltage of the power distribution system (for example, 220 (volt)) to the power distribution system The power regeneration amount (power regeneration amount information) corresponding to the value can be provided to the main control unit 170. [ The regeneration amount instruction unit 165 can receive power regeneration amount information from a user of the power regeneration type single-phase AC load apparatus 100 by wire or wirelessly.

The main control unit 170 controls the turn-on operation and the turn-off operation of the switch elements included in the regeneration control unit 125 when the user's instruction is input to the main control unit 170 through the regeneration amount instruction unit 165 So that the voltage of the smoothing capacitor included in the direct current smoothing circuit portion 120 is converted to an AC voltage larger than the voltage of the power distribution system and output through the output filter circuit portion 130 and the isolation transformer 135.

The regenerative control section 125 can control the output power of the smoothing circuit section 120 to regenerate to the power supply system of the power system in accordance with the amount of power regeneration input through the regeneration amount instruction section 165. [ That is, the regenerative control unit 125 may supply an AC voltage to the output filter circuit unit 130 through the isolation transformer 135 to provide power to the power system distribution system.

The isolation transformer 135 can regenerate the energy output from the output filter circuit unit 130 to the power supply system of the power system. The isolation transformer 135 also electrically isolates the output power of the output filter circuit unit 130 and the power supply system of the power system to electrically connect the output voltage of the output filter circuit unit 130 to the power supply system Interference can be minimized. In another embodiment of the present invention, the isolation transformer 135 may be removed (omitted) from the power regenerative single-phase AC load device 100.

The regenerative control unit 125 may perform an invertor function and the regenerative control unit 125 may control the regenerative capacity of the smoothing capacitor 120 of the smoothing circuit unit 120 in response to the amount of regenerated power input through the regeneration amount command unit 165. [ (AC power) corresponding to the power regeneration amount and output the converted voltage (AC power). The regenerative control section 125 responds to the control signal of the main control section 170 to convert the voltage (energy) stored in the smoothing capacitor of the smoothing circuit section 120 into the alternating voltage corresponding to the regenerated amount of power, Lt; / RTI >

The power supply current detection unit 150 detects the amount of output current of the output filter circuit unit 130 and inputs the detected amount of current to the main control unit 170. The power supply phase and power supply size detection unit 155 detects the output power of the output filter circuit unit 130 The output voltage and the output current) and the magnitude of the output power (output voltage) to be input to the main control unit 170. [

The main control unit 170 controls the output current of the output filter circuit unit 130, the phase of the output voltage, the phase of the output current, and the output voltage magnitude of the output filter circuit unit 130 detected by the power supply current detection unit 150, The turn-on time and the turn-off time of the switch elements included in the regenerative control unit 125 can be adjusted by using the switch control signal. The output filter circuit unit 130 outputs a rectangular wave signal generated when the switches included in the regeneration controller 125 alternately operate according to the adjusted turn-on time and turn-off time of the switch elements, Wave). In another embodiment of the present invention, the output filter circuitry 130 may be eliminated.

The main control unit 170 calculates the instantaneous power regeneration amount so that the alternating current power is regenerated to the power source of the power distribution system according to the power regeneration amount input through the regeneration amount instruction unit 165 and the switch element included in the regeneration control unit 125 is turned It can be turned on or turned off.

The main control unit 170 controls the output power factor of the full wave rectification unit 110 by controlling the boost switch element included in the power factor control unit 115 and receives the regeneration amount of power through the regeneration amount instruction unit 165, So that the output AC power of the output filter circuit unit 130 is regenerated. The main controller 170 may control the overall operation of the components included in the power regenerative single-phase AC load device 100 such as the full-wave rectifier 110, the power factor controller 115, and the regenerative controller 125.

As described above, according to the present invention, even when the power supply voltage of the single-phase power supply 105 fluctuates, the DC voltage of the smoothing capacitor included in the smoothing circuit portion 120 is kept constant so that the power factor is set to 1, And the electric energy (power) stored in the smoothing capacitor of the smoothing circuit unit 120 can be regenerated into the power system without performing the function as the existing thermal energy small-scale load device.

3 is a circuit diagram illustrating an embodiment of components included in the power regenerative single-phase AC load apparatus 100 shown in FIG.

Referring to FIG. 3, the full-wave rectification section 110 may include diodes and a capacitor C1. The capacitor C1 may be a low pass filter for eliminating the input noise of the single-phase power supply 105, and the capacitor C1 may be removed (omitted) in the present invention.

The power supply phase and current detection unit 140 includes a current transformer (not shown) electrically connected through a lead wire connected to the (+) terminal of the full wave rectification unit 110 and three resistors (resistors) R2 , R3, and R4. The current transformer can detect the amount of output current of the full wave rectification part 110 and can detect the phase of the output power (output voltage and output current) of the full wave rectification part 110 by the three resistors R2, And the magnitude of the output voltage can be detected.

The power factor control unit 115 includes a boost switch S1 that can be implemented with a boost reactor L1 and an NMOS transistor, a switching unit S1 connected to both ends of the boost switch S1, A freewheeling diode FD1 that can prevent damage to the main body 170 and a control signal of the main control unit 170 by buffering a signal of the DC voltage gate driving unit included in the main control unit 170, A buffer B for providing a gate of the switch element S1 and an output overcurrent from the full wave rectification part 110 initially charged to the smoothing capacitor C2 included in the smoothing circuit part 120 And an diode D1 for limiting the amount of the inrush current. When the boost switch element S1 is turned on, the energy of the output power of the full-wave rectification section 110 is stored in the boost reactor L1, and when the boost switch element S1 is turned off -off), the energy stored in the boost reactor L1 is transferred to the smoothing capacitor C2, so that the voltage of the smoothing capacitor C2 can be boosted. For example, when the voltage of the single-phase power supply 105 is 110 (volt), the voltage stored in the smoothing capacitor C2 may be raised to 400 (volt). In another embodiment of the present invention, the freewheeling diode FD1, the buffer B, and the diode D1 may be eliminated.

The smoothing circuit unit 120 may include a boost diode D2 for preventing the reverse flow of the current and a smoothing capacitor C2 for smoothing the output voltage of the full wave rectification unit 110. [ In another embodiment of the present invention, the boost diode D2 may be eliminated.

The DC voltage detection unit 145 may include two resistors R6 and R7 and may be connected to the smoothing capacitor C2 of the smoothing circuit unit 125 using a voltage distributed by the two resistors R6 and R7. Can be detected.

The regenerative control unit 125 includes a switch element S2 that can be implemented as an NMOS transistor, a freewheeling diode FD2 that is connected to both ends of the switch element S2, and an NMOS transistor A freewheeling diode FD3 connected to both ends of the switch element S3, a freewheeling diode FD4 connected to both ends of the switch element S4 and an NMOS transistor And a free wheeling diode FD5 connected to both ends of the switch element S5. The switch elements S2 and S5 and the switch elements S3 and S4 are alternately turned on and the switch elements S2 and S5 By adjusting the turn-on time and the turn-off time of the switch elements (S3 and S4)), a sine wave alternating current power source can be generated. The method of controlling the turn-on time and the turn-off time of the switch elements may be referred to as a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control method. In another embodiment of the present invention, the freewheeling diodes FD2 to FD5 may be eliminated.

The output filter circuit section 120 may include two inductors L2 and L3 and may filter the noise (harmonic components) of the AC power outputted from the regenerative control section 125. [ The output filter circuit unit 120 can transform a rectangular wave signal output from the regenerative control unit 125 into a form close to a sinusoidal wave.

The power supply current detection unit 150 includes a current transformer (CT) 200 as a current detection element and can detect the amount of power supply current output from the output filter circuit unit 130 using a current transformer.

The power phase and power magnitude detector 155 may include a transformer TR3 205 and may be configured to detect the magnitude of the output power (output voltage and output current) of the output filter circuitry 130 using the transformer TR3 205 Phase and the magnitude of the output power (output voltage) of the output filter circuit unit 130 can be detected. The isolation transformer 135 may comprise an ideal transformer TR2.

The components or " units " or blocks or modules used in the present embodiment may be implemented in software such as a task, a class, a subroutine, a process, an object, an execution thread, , A field programmable gate array (FPGA), or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or a combination of the above software and hardware. The components or parts may be included in a computer-readable storage medium, or a part of the components may be dispersed in a plurality of computers.

As described above, the embodiments have been disclosed in the drawings and specification. Although specific terms are used herein, they are used for the purpose of describing the present invention only and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention described in the claims or the claims. It is therefore to be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalent embodiments are possible in light of the present invention. Accordingly, the true scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical idea of the appended claims.

110: Full wave rectification part
115: Power factor control unit
120: Smoothing circuit part
125: Regenerative control unit
140: Power phase and current detector
145: DC voltage detector
150: Power supply current detection unit
155: Power phase and power size detector
165: Regeneration amount command section
170:

Claims (3)

In a power regeneration type single-phase AC load device,
A full-wave rectifying section for full-wave rectifying a single-phase AC power source;
A power factor control unit for controlling the power factor of the output power of the full wave rectification unit to be 1;
A smoothing circuit part including a smoothing capacitor storing a output voltage of the full wave rectification part and having a storage voltage at which the stored output voltage is stepped up by energy stored in the power factor control part;
A regenerative control unit for converting a voltage stored in the smoothing capacitor into an alternating voltage corresponding to the amount of regenerated power and outputting the alternating voltage in response to a regeneration amount of power input through the regeneration amount command unit; And
And a main control unit for controlling the operation of the power factor control unit and the operation of the regenerative control unit,
Wherein the power factor control unit comprises:
A boost reactor for receiving and storing energy from the full wave rectification unit; And
And a boost switch element for transmitting energy stored in the boost reactor to the smoothing capacitor in response to a control signal of the main control unit,
The power regeneration type single-phase AC load device includes:
An output filter circuit for filtering the harmonic components of the AC voltage output by the regenerative control unit;
An isolation transformer for regenerating energy output from the output filter circuit portion to a power supply of the power system distribution system and electrically isolating an output power of the output filter circuit portion and a power supply system of the power system; And
Further comprising a DC voltage detection unit for detecting a voltage charged in the smoothing capacitor,
The main control unit compares the voltage of the smoothing capacitor detected by the direct current voltage detection unit with an output value of a DC voltage soft start control unit for preventing a sharp rise of the voltage of the smoothing capacitor, , A DC voltage proportional integral controller, and a DC voltage command limiting unit that performs a function of adjusting the limit value so as not to exceed the limit value. The DC voltage is then isolated through a DC voltage isolation driving unit and then driven by the DC voltage gate driving unit. Wherein the soft start control unit, the DC voltage proportional integral controller, the DC voltage command restricting unit, and the DC voltage gate driving unit are included in the main control unit. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the boost switch element is turned off when the energy stored in the boost reactor reaches a reference value to provide the energy stored in the boost reactor to the smoothing capacitor. The control apparatus according to claim 1,
And a switch element for converting a voltage stored in the smoothing capacitor into an AC voltage corresponding to the amount of regenerated power in response to a control signal of the main control part and outputting the converted AC voltage.

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