JP2001339191A - Radio wave absorbent having frequency selectivity - Google Patents
Radio wave absorbent having frequency selectivityInfo
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- JP2001339191A JP2001339191A JP2000160444A JP2000160444A JP2001339191A JP 2001339191 A JP2001339191 A JP 2001339191A JP 2000160444 A JP2000160444 A JP 2000160444A JP 2000160444 A JP2000160444 A JP 2000160444A JP 2001339191 A JP2001339191 A JP 2001339191A
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- Prior art keywords
- radio wave
- conductive element
- frequency
- wave absorber
- radio
- Prior art date
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、電波吸収体に関す
るもので、特に特定周波数の電波を選択的に遮蔽する電
波吸収体に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a radio wave absorber, and more particularly to a radio wave absorber for selectively blocking radio waves of a specific frequency.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、事業所内ＰＨＳや無線ＬＡＮの利
用が広がりを見せるなか、情報の漏洩防止や外部からの
侵入電波による誤動作やノイズ防止といった点から、オ
フィス内での電波環境を整えることが不可欠になってお
り、そのような電波環境の整備用部材として、既に種々
のタイプのものが提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, as the use of PHS and wireless LAN in offices has been expanding, it has become necessary to improve the radio wave environment in offices in order to prevent information leakage and malfunctions and noise caused by external invading radio waves. Various types have already been proposed as members for maintaining such a radio wave environment.
【０００３】例えば、特公平６−９９９７２号公報に
は、金属やフェライトなどの電磁シ−ルド部材をビルの
躯体に付加することで、広い周波数帯域で任意の周波数
の電波を使って情報通信が出来る電磁シ−ルド・インテ
ルジェントビルを提供することが述べられている。[0003] For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-99972 discloses that by adding an electromagnetic shield member such as metal or ferrite to a building body, information communication using radio waves of any frequency in a wide frequency band is performed. It is stated to provide a possible electromagnetic shield intelligent building.
【０００４】しかし、前記特許に示されたこのような鉄
板、金属網、金属メッシュ、金属箔などの電波反射体や
フェライトなどの電波吸収体を電磁シ−ルド部材として
用いたものでは、それらの電磁シ−ルド性に周波数選択
性が無いため、遮蔽しようとする周波数以外の電波まで
遮断してしまう。However, in the case of using a radio wave reflector such as an iron plate, a metal net, a metal mesh, or a metal foil or a radio wave absorber such as a ferrite as an electromagnetic shield member disclosed in the above-mentioned patents, these materials are used. Since the electromagnetic shielding property has no frequency selectivity, radio waves other than the frequency to be shielded are blocked.
【０００５】その結果、ビル内外を通じて使用される携
帯電話、ポケットベル（登録商標）、ＡＭ・ＦＭラジオ
等の放送電波などの公衆通信電波の重要情報まで遮断さ
れてしまう。また、前記電波反射体はテレビ電波を反射
し、受信障害（ゴ−ストの発生）の原因となるため用い
ることが出来る箇所が制限される。さらに、電磁シ−ル
ド部材間の隙間によってシ−ルド性能が大きく低下する
ため、個々の部材が持つシ−ルド性能を十分発揮させる
には、部材間の接続や接地など施工面での厳密性が要求
される。[0005] As a result, important information of public communication radio waves such as broadcast radio waves such as mobile phones, pagers (registered trademark) and AM / FM radios used inside and outside the building are blocked. Further, the radio wave reflector reflects television radio waves and causes a reception trouble (the generation of a ghost), so that a usable portion is restricted. Furthermore, the shielding performance is greatly reduced by the gap between the electromagnetic shielding members. Therefore, in order to make full use of the shielding performance of each member, strictness in the construction aspects such as connection between members and grounding is required. Is required.
【０００６】また、特開平１０−１６９０３９号公報に
は、前述のような問題点を解消するもので、線状のアン
テナ素子を定期的に配列させることで遮蔽しようとする
特定周波数の電波のみを遮蔽し、部材間の接続や接地も
必要ないという優れたものである。Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-169039 discloses a technique for solving the above-mentioned problem, in which only a specific frequency radio wave to be shielded by periodically arranging linear antenna elements is disclosed. It is excellent because it shields and does not require connection or grounding between members.
【０００７】しかし、その遮蔽は電波到来方向への反
射、いわゆる反射損失によるものが大部分であるため外
部からの侵入には効果があるが、オフィス内部にて電磁
シールド部材が遮蔽しようとする特定周波数とほぼ同じ
周波数帯を用いた複数の無線機器による通信システム
（いわゆる無線ＬＡＮ）においては各無線機器の電波が
反射し、その結果、反射波による干渉などの影響で無線
機器の感度低下・混信等の通信回線性能を低下させる場
合があるのが問題である。However, most of the shielding is due to reflection in the direction of arrival of radio waves, that is, so-called reflection loss, so that it is effective for invasion from the outside. In a communication system (a so-called wireless LAN) using a plurality of wireless devices using a frequency band substantially the same as the frequency, radio waves of each wireless device are reflected. However, there is a problem that the performance of the communication line may be deteriorated.
【０００８】特開平５−３３５８３２号公報には、この
ようなオフィス内部における電波の反射波に起因する問
題を解消するため、即ち特定周波数の電波を選択的に吸
収する構成がしめされており、具体的には、抵抗皮膜と
電波反射体とを誘電体（厚さがこの誘電体内における電
波波長の４分の１）を挟んで配置し特定周波数の電波の
みを選択的に吸収する、いわゆるλ／４型電波吸収体に
関するものである。Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-33532 discloses a configuration for solving such a problem caused by reflected waves of radio waves inside an office, that is, for selectively absorbing radio waves of a specific frequency. More specifically, a so-called λ is formed by arranging a resistive film and a radio wave reflector with a dielectric (having a thickness of １ of the radio wave wavelength in the dielectric) interposed therebetween and selectively absorbing only radio waves of a specific frequency. The present invention relates to a / 4 type radio wave absorber.
【０００９】しかし、この電波吸収体にも以下に述べる
ような欠点がある。即ち、抵抗皮膜側からの到来する遮
蔽しようとする電波については吸収量が大きく、周波数
選択性にも優れるが、誘電体の裏側を金属箔や金属網な
どの電波反射体で裏打ちしているため、遮蔽しようとす
る周波数以外の電波は反射してしまい、透過することが
出来ない。即ちその周波数選択性は抵抗皮膜側から到来
する電波の反射成分に対して効果を発揮するものであ
る。However, this radio wave absorber also has the following disadvantages. In other words, the radio wave coming from the resistive film side to be shielded has a large absorption amount and is excellent in frequency selectivity, but the back side of the dielectric is lined with a radio wave reflector such as a metal foil or a metal net. However, radio waves other than the frequency to be shielded are reflected and cannot be transmitted. That is, the frequency selectivity is effective for the reflection component of the radio wave coming from the resistance film side.
【００１０】また、到来電波がλ／４型電波吸収体に斜
めに入射した場合、誘電体を透過する長さが電波波長の
４分の１以上となるので、吸収特性が劣化する。つま
り、電波吸収体に指向性を有している。さらに反射体側
から到来する電波に対しては周波数に関係なく反射して
しまい、建物の窓や壁面に使用した場合に上述したテレ
ビ電波受信障害の原因となる可能性がある。さらに、λ
／４型電波吸収体は遮蔽周波数が低いほど誘電体層の厚
みは増加し、施工時に取り扱いしにくいものになってし
まう。When an incoming radio wave is obliquely incident on the λ / 4 type radio wave absorber, the length of transmission through the dielectric becomes more than ４ of the radio wave wavelength, so that the absorption characteristics deteriorate. That is, the radio wave absorber has directivity. Furthermore, radio waves arriving from the reflector side are reflected irrespective of the frequency, and when used on windows or walls of buildings, there is a possibility of causing the above-mentioned TV radio wave reception obstruction. Furthermore, λ
The lower the shielding frequency of the / 4-type radio wave absorber, the greater the thickness of the dielectric layer, and the more difficult it becomes to handle during construction.
【００１１】ほかにも特開平９−１６２５８９号公報に
示されている様に、これは、導電体より大きく絶縁体よ
り小さい電気抵抗値を持つエレメントを配列させて到来
電波を吸収するものである。In addition, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-162589, this is an element in which elements having an electric resistance larger than a conductor and smaller than an insulator are arranged to absorb an incoming radio wave. .
【００１２】この発明にも電波吸収の効果はあるが、以
下に述べるような欠点もある。それは、先ずエレメント
の長さが到来電波の周波数と無関係で構成されたものと
すると、電波吸収特性において周波数選択性が全く得ら
れない。Although the present invention has the effect of radio wave absorption, it has the following disadvantages. If the length of the element is configured independently of the frequency of the arriving radio wave, no frequency selectivity can be obtained in the radio wave absorption characteristics.
【００１３】また、エレメントの長さを吸収すべき周波
数の電波の波長の１／２より若干短くすると、効率よく
吸収できるとされているが、エレメントに導電体より大
きく絶縁体より小さい電気抵抗値を持つ物質が用いられ
ているため、そのエレメントが作り出す半波長ダイポー
ルアンテナにおいて、アンテナの損失抵抗が増加し、結
果的に通常の半波長ダイポールアンテナと比較して受信
効率が低下してしまう。また、抵抗分の増加に伴いアン
テナ素子の共振特性が平坦となり、電波吸収の周波数選
択性が低下する問題もある。It is said that the element can be efficiently absorbed if the length of the element is slightly shorter than half the wavelength of the radio wave of the frequency to be absorbed. However, the element has an electric resistance value larger than the conductor and smaller than the insulator. Is used, in a half-wave dipole antenna created by the element, the loss resistance of the antenna increases, and as a result, the reception efficiency decreases as compared with a normal half-wave dipole antenna. In addition, there is a problem that the resonance characteristic of the antenna element becomes flat with an increase in the resistance, and the frequency selectivity of radio wave absorption is reduced.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、上記のよう
な従来の電波吸収体が持つ不都合を解消することを目的
としたものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages of the conventional radio wave absorber.
【００１５】即ち、電波吸収体間の接続や接地の必要が
ない施工性に優れた電波吸収体であり、この電波吸収体
を用いてオフィスなどを形成した場合に、室内での専用
通信（事業所ＰＨＳや無線ＬＡＮなど）に使用する電波
の室内壁面での反射波による干渉などの影響で無線機器
の感度低下・混信等 通信回線性能を低下させることが
無く、また室外への漏洩電波および外部からの侵入電波
が無くなり、情報のセキュリティが向上する。That is, the radio wave absorber is excellent in workability without the necessity of connection between the radio wave absorbers and grounding. When an office or the like is formed using the radio wave absorber, it is possible to perform exclusive communication indoors (business (Such as PHS or wireless LAN) does not lower the communication line performance due to interference of reflected waves on the indoor wall due to the reflected waves on the indoor wall surface. Eliminates intruding radio waves from the Internet and improves information security.
【００１６】さらに、上記以外の電波は双方向に透過し
て外部との通信や公共放送の受信が可能になる。建物の
窓や壁面に使用したときはテレビ電波の受信障害の源と
なることもない。また、薄く加工することが可能なので
取り扱いが簡単になる。このような電波吸収体を提供す
ることを目的としたものである。Further, radio waves other than those described above are transmitted in both directions, so that communication with the outside and reception of public broadcasts can be performed. When used on the windows or walls of buildings, it does not become a source of TV radio reception interference. In addition, since it can be processed to be thin, handling becomes simple. An object of the present invention is to provide such a radio wave absorber.
【００１７】[0017]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、前記の目的を
達成するためのものであって、遮蔽しようとする電波の
周波数に対応した特定の長さを有する多数の導電性素子
が配設された電波吸収体において、前記導電性素子の一
部に静電容量体を介して抵抗体を接続してなる部分を設
けることを特徴とする周波数選択性を有する電波吸収体
を提供するものである。抵抗体を用いたこの構成では、
遮蔽しようとする到来電波のエネルギーが配設された各
導電性素子に誘起し、そのエネルギーが抵抗体にて熱変
換され消費される。よって、到来電波は吸収されたこと
になる。また、到来電波の方向には、殆ど無関係であり
全方位において吸収性能を発揮する。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to achieve the above-mentioned object, and comprises a plurality of conductive elements having a specific length corresponding to the frequency of a radio wave to be shielded. A radio wave absorber having frequency selectivity, wherein a part formed by connecting a resistor to a part of the conductive element via a capacitance body is provided. is there. In this configuration using a resistor,
The energy of the incoming radio wave to be shielded is induced in the disposed conductive elements, and the energy is converted into heat by the resistor and consumed. Therefore, the incoming radio wave is absorbed. In addition, the direction of the arriving radio wave is almost irrelevant and exhibits an absorbing performance in all directions.
【００１８】請求項２記載の発明は、該電波吸収体が誘
電体膜の一方の表面上に導電性素子を形成してなり、こ
の導電性素子の一部に切り欠き部を設け、かつこの切り
欠き部の両端に電極を設け、誘電体膜の他方の表面の重
なる位置にも電極を設けるとともに、導電性素子とは反
対面の電極間を抵抗体皮膜等の抵抗体で接続したことを
特徴とする周波数選択性を有する電波吸収体を提供する
ものである。ここで切り欠き部とは、導電性がその両端
間で働かない場所をいい。高抵抗物質による部分でも、
一切部材自体がない部分を構成する部分でも構わない。According to a second aspect of the present invention, the radio wave absorber has a conductive element formed on one surface of a dielectric film, and a cutout portion is provided in a part of the conductive element. Electrodes are provided at both ends of the notch, electrodes are also provided at positions where the other surface of the dielectric film overlaps, and the electrodes on the opposite surface to the conductive element are connected by a resistor such as a resistor film. An object of the present invention is to provide a radio wave absorber having a characteristic frequency selectivity. Here, the notch means a place where conductivity does not work between both ends. Even in parts made of high resistance material,
A part constituting a part without any member itself may be used.
【００１９】このような構成にすることによって、導電
性素子と抵抗体は誘電体膜を挟んで存在しているので誘
電体膜を薄くすることにより電波吸収体をフィルム状に
形成することが可能となる。With this configuration, since the conductive element and the resistor exist with the dielectric film interposed therebetween, it is possible to form the radio wave absorber into a film by making the dielectric film thin. Becomes
【００２０】請求項３記載の発明は、請求項１の導電性
素子が開放端を持つ形状で、開放端間の長さが遮蔽しよ
うとする電波波長の約２分の１（但し、該電波波長は誘
電体中での波長）であり、静電容量体を介して抵抗体を
接続してなる部分、または切り欠き部を中点に持つ周波
数選択性を有する電波吸収体、また請求項４記載の発明
は、請求項１の導電性素子が環状で、その周囲の長さが
遮蔽しようとする電波波長（但し、該電波波長は誘電体
中での波長）にほぼ等しく、環状導電性素子の一部に静
電容量体を介して抵抗体を接続してなる部分、または切
り欠き部を設けた周波数選択性を有する電波吸収体を提
供するものである。According to a third aspect of the present invention, the conductive element of the first aspect has a shape having an open end, and the length between the open ends is about one half of the wavelength of the radio wave to be shielded (however, the radio wave 5. A radio wave absorber having a frequency selectivity having a portion formed by connecting a resistor through a capacitance or a notch at a midpoint, wherein the wavelength is a wavelength in a dielectric. According to the present invention, the conductive element according to claim 1 is annular, and its circumference is substantially equal to a radio wave wavelength to be shielded (where the radio wave wavelength is a wavelength in a dielectric material). The present invention is to provide a radio wave absorber having a frequency selectivity in which a portion formed by connecting a resistor through a capacitance body to a part thereof or a cutout portion is provided.
【００２１】このような構成にすることで、遮蔽目的の
到来電波を効率良く吸収することが出来る。また、環状
である導電性素子、つまり環状導電性素子の形状により
あらゆる到来電波の偏波面に対して有効であり、さらに
高効率の吸収が可能になる。With this configuration, it is possible to efficiently absorb incoming radio waves for the purpose of shielding. Further, the shape of the ring-shaped conductive element, that is, the shape of the ring-shaped conductive element is effective for the polarization plane of all arriving radio waves, and enables more efficient absorption.
【００２２】請求項５及び６記載の発明は、請求項１乃
至４記載の導電性素子に箔や線形状の金属素子を用いた
ことを特徴とした周波数選択性を有する電波吸収体を提
供するものである。According to the fifth and sixth aspects of the present invention, there is provided a radio wave absorber having frequency selectivity, wherein a foil or a linear metal element is used for the conductive element according to the first to fourth aspects. Things.
【００２３】導電性素子に抵抗率の低い金属素子を用い
ることによって、遮蔽しようとする到来電波の選択性が
向上し、遮蔽電波と透過電波の周波数が近傍していると
きには有効な手段となる。By using a metal element having a low resistivity as the conductive element, the selectivity of an incoming radio wave to be shielded is improved, and this is an effective means when the frequencies of the shielded radio wave and the transmitted radio wave are close to each other.
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明を図面を用いて詳細
に説明する。図１は、本発明に係る１つの実施例の周波
数選択性を有する電波吸収体の正面図である。図２は、
図１の断面図を示したものであり、電波吸収体１０は、
導電性素子１３を配設した周波数選択性面１４と支持体
または保護材１５からなる。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a radio wave absorber having frequency selectivity according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.
It comprises a frequency-selective surface 14 on which a conductive element 13 is arranged and a support or protective material 15.
【００２５】なお、図１において、本発明に於ける導電
性素子１３は中点で分離される。In FIG. 1, the conductive element 13 according to the present invention is separated at a middle point.
【００２６】図３は図１に示す導電性素子１３の１素子
の横断面図である。図３に示すように、電波吸収面１４
は、フィルム１６の片方の面に２つのエレメント１７
ａ、１７ｂ、２つのエレメント１７ａ、１７ｂの対向す
る位置に電極パッド１８ａ，１８ｂを設け、また、フィ
ルム１６のの他方の面に電極パッド１８ａ，１８ｂに重
なる位置に同じく電極パッド１９ａ，１９ｂをそれぞれ
設け、電極パッド１９ａ，１９ｂをまたいで負荷抵抗２
０を形成してある。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of one of the conductive elements 13 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG.
Has two elements 17 on one side of the film 16.
a, 17b, electrode pads 18a, 18b are provided at opposing positions of the two elements 17a, 17b, and electrode pads 19a, 19b are also provided on the other surface of the film 16 at positions overlapping the electrode pads 18a, 18b, respectively. And load resistance 2 across electrode pads 19a, 19b.
0 is formed.
【００２７】結果として、図４に示すように、図３に示
した電極パッド１８ａ，１８ｂと電極パッド１９ａ，１
９ｂによって、フィルム１６を誘電体とするコンデンサ
２１ａ、２１ｂが形成されアンテナ素子を構成する。As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the electrode pads 18a, 18b and the electrode pads 19a, 1 shown in FIG.
By 9b, capacitors 21a and 21b having the film 16 as a dielectric are formed to constitute an antenna element.
【００２８】ここで導電性素子１３を支持体または保護
材１５の表面に直接設け、バインダを介して皮膜状の負
荷抵抗２０を貼付したものでも良く、他の高分子フィル
ムやガラス、セラミックス、紙などの上に導電性素子１
３を設けたものでも、エレメント１７ａ、１７ｂと負荷
抵抗２０との間に誘電媒質を設けコンデンサを形成する
等の手段により静電容量体を形成したものであれば良
い。その静電容量体は、その両端間で静電容量が発生す
る部分をいい。市販のコンデンサーのほか、誘電体膜を
挟む構造により静電容量が発生するコンデンサーでも構
わない。Here, the conductive element 13 may be provided directly on the surface of the support or the protective material 15 and the load resistance 20 in the form of a film may be adhered via a binder, or other polymer films, glass, ceramics, paper, etc. Conductive element 1 on such as
3 may be used as long as a capacitor is formed by means such as forming a capacitor by providing a dielectric medium between the elements 17a and 17b and the load resistor 20. The capacitance means a portion where capacitance is generated between both ends. In addition to a commercially available capacitor, a capacitor in which capacitance is generated by a structure sandwiching a dielectric film may be used.
【００２９】電波が到来している空間に、接地されてい
ない金属棒や金属ワイヤ−などの導体を置いた場合、一
部の電波は吸収され、他は導体中を流れる交流電流が作
る電磁界との相互作用によって反射される。この時電波
の吸収量と反射量との比（吸収量／反射量）は導体のイ
ンピ−ダンスによって変わり、インピ−ダンスがほぼ０
であればその比もほぼ０（全反射）となる。When a conductor such as a non-grounded metal rod or metal wire is placed in a space where radio waves have arrived, some radio waves are absorbed and others are generated by an alternating current flowing through the conductor. Is reflected by the interaction with At this time, the ratio between the amount of radio wave absorption and the amount of reflection (absorption / reflection) changes depending on the impedance of the conductor, and the impedance is almost zero.
Then, the ratio is also almost 0 (total reflection).
【００３０】しかし、本発明における図４に示す構成は
アンテナエレメント中間部にコンデンサ２１ａ、２１ｂ
を介した半波長ダイポールアンテナ素子の構成であり、
その受信入力部分に負荷抵抗２０が接続されたものであ
る。よってアンテナエレメントで受信された電波のエネ
ルギーは負荷抵抗２０で熱エネルギーに変換される。However, the configuration shown in FIG. 4 of the present invention is such that the capacitors 21a and 21b
The configuration of the half-wave dipole antenna element via
A load resistor 20 is connected to the reception input portion. Therefore, the energy of the radio wave received by the antenna element is converted into heat energy by the load resistor 20.
【００３１】従って、到来電波を吸収したことと等価で
ある。本発明では、２つのエレメント１７ａ、１７ｂの
長さ、電極パッド１８ａ，１８ｂと電極パッド１９ａ，
１９ｂにより形成されるコンデンサ２１ａ、２１ｂの容
量値、負荷抵抗２０の抵抗値は遮蔽しようとする到来電
波が効率よく吸収されるような値に設定されている。Therefore, this is equivalent to absorbing the incoming radio wave. In the present invention, the length of the two elements 17a, 17b, the electrode pads 18a, 18b and the electrode pads 19a,
The capacitance values of the capacitors 21a and 21b formed by 19b and the resistance value of the load resistor 20 are set to values that efficiently absorb incoming radio waves to be shielded.
【００３２】また、この吸収は直接導体の表面に入射す
る電波に対してだけでなく、その導体周囲の電波に対し
ても起こる（但し、導体から離れれば離れる程、吸収量
は少なくなる）。いわば、半波長ダイポールアンテナ素
子における実効開口面積に依存している。よって、各ア
ンテナ素子の実効開口面積および各アンテナ素子間の相
互作用を考慮して最適なアンテナ素子間隔を形成すれ
ば、到来電波の吸収効率が上がり透過電波が減少する。This absorption occurs not only for radio waves directly incident on the surface of the conductor, but also for radio waves around the conductor (however, the further away from the conductor, the smaller the absorption amount). In other words, it depends on the effective aperture area of the half-wave dipole antenna element. Therefore, if the optimum antenna element spacing is formed in consideration of the effective aperture area of each antenna element and the interaction between each antenna element, the efficiency of absorbing the incoming radio wave is increased and the transmitted radio wave is reduced.
【００３３】また、半波長ダイポールアンテナの特性
上、ほぼ無指向性であるため到来電波の方向には左右さ
れない。In addition, since the half-wavelength dipole antenna is almost omnidirectional due to its characteristics, it is not affected by the direction of an incoming radio wave.
【００３４】一般に半波長ダイポールアンテナにおい
て、エレメントの直線方向と電波の電界成分方向が一致
したとき、つまり偏波面が同じであるとき受信電力は最
大になる。従って、図１に示すようにアンテナ素子を横
一列に配置した場合は特定方向の偏波面の電波に対して
特に有効である。Generally, in a half-wave dipole antenna, when the linear direction of the element and the direction of the electric field component of the radio wave coincide with each other, that is, when the plane of polarization is the same, the received power becomes maximum. Therefore, when the antenna elements are arranged in a horizontal line as shown in FIG. 1, it is particularly effective for radio waves on the polarization plane in a specific direction.
【００３５】しかし、実際の到来電波の偏波面は一定で
なく、様々な偏波面が存在している。そこで図５に示す
ようにアンテナ素子形状をＹ字型構成としたり、図６に
示すのような環状型にすることであらゆる偏波面の到来
電波に対応することが出来る。これらの形状は限定され
るものでもなく、例えば図示していないが、アンテナ素
子を図１の様に横一列ではなく縦・横・斜め等の配置を
組み合わせたものであってもよい。However, the actual plane of polarization of an incoming radio wave is not constant, and various planes of polarization exist. Therefore, by arranging the antenna element in a Y-shaped configuration as shown in FIG. 5 or an annular shape as shown in FIG. 6, it is possible to cope with an incoming radio wave of any polarization plane. These shapes are not limited, and, for example, although not shown, the antenna elements may be arranged in a vertical, horizontal, diagonal, etc. arrangement instead of a horizontal row as shown in FIG.
【００３６】導体と電波の相互作用（吸収、反射）は導
体と電波が共振する場合に大きくなる。即ち図１から図
５に示すように開放端を持つ線形状の導体を配列した面
では、導体の開放端間の距離が電波波長のおおよそ２分
の１の場合に効率よく共振し、相互作用が大きくなる。
言い換えるとこの長さの導体と共振しない波長（周波
数）の電波にとっては、この面は反射・吸収面とはなら
ずにその大部分が透過する。The interaction (absorption, reflection) between the conductor and the radio wave increases when the conductor and the radio wave resonate. That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, on the surface on which linear conductors having open ends are arranged, resonance occurs efficiently when the distance between the open ends of the conductor is approximately one half of the radio wave wavelength. Becomes larger.
In other words, for a radio wave of a wavelength (frequency) that does not resonate with a conductor of this length, this surface is not a reflection / absorption surface, and most of it is transmitted.
【００３７】図１のような直線形状の場合には導電性素
子の長さが電波波長のおおよそ２分の１になり、図５の
ように枝分かれを持つ形状では中心点から開放端までの
距離が電波波長のおおよそ４分の１となる。それらの中
心点に負荷抵抗を接続することで吸収特性を持たせた。In the case of the linear shape as shown in FIG. 1, the length of the conductive element is approximately one half of the wavelength of the radio wave, and in the case of the branched shape as shown in FIG. 5, the distance from the center point to the open end. Is about a quarter of the radio wave wavelength. By connecting a load resistor to those center points, absorption characteristics are provided.
【００３８】また、図６のような環状の導体を配した場
合には、導電性素子である環状導体の周囲長が電波波長
とほぼ等しい場合に効率よく共振し、この配列面が特定
周波数の電波に対する吸収面となる。環状導体の場合に
は、一部を切り欠き、その間を抵抗体で接続した。When an annular conductor as shown in FIG. 6 is provided, resonance occurs efficiently when the circumference of the annular conductor, which is a conductive element, is substantially equal to the radio wave wavelength. It becomes an absorption surface for radio waves. In the case of an annular conductor, a part of the conductor was cut out, and a part between them was connected with a resistor.
【００３９】さらに、導電性素子であるアンテナエレメ
ントに用いる導体に抵抗率の低い金属素子を使用するこ
とで、共振特性がシャープになり遮蔽しようとする到来
電波の選択性が向上する。よって、遮蔽電波と透過電波
の周波数が近接している場合などには有効な方法であ
る。Further, by using a metal element having a low resistivity for the conductor used for the antenna element, which is a conductive element, the resonance characteristics are sharpened and the selectivity of incoming radio waves to be shielded is improved. Therefore, this is an effective method when the frequencies of the shielded radio wave and the transmitted radio wave are close to each other.
【００４０】本発明は、以上に述べたような導電性素子
である線状導体の持つ性質を利用したもので、遮蔽しよ
うとする周波数の電波（但し、その波長は誘電体中での
波長）と共振するような長さの中点に抵抗体を持つアン
テナ素子を配列することで電波吸収面としたものであ
る。The present invention makes use of the properties of the linear conductor which is a conductive element as described above, and the radio wave of the frequency to be shielded (however, the wavelength is the wavelength in the dielectric) The antenna has a radio wave absorbing surface by arranging an antenna element having a resistor at a midpoint of such a length as to resonate.
【００４１】このような電波吸収面の吸収特性は、実際
にはアンテナ素子における到来電波の受信能力で決ま
り、加えて、アンテナ素子の中央に配置させる抵抗体が
効率よく熱エネルギーに変換させるかで決まる。つま
り、アンテナ素子の放射インピーダンスと抵抗体を整合
させることが重要である。The absorption characteristics of such a radio wave absorbing surface are actually determined by the ability of the antenna element to receive an incoming radio wave. In addition, the resistance at the center of the antenna element efficiently converts it into heat energy. Decided. That is, it is important to match the radiation impedance of the antenna element with the resistor.
【００４２】また、実用上は、遮蔽しようとする周波数
の電波に対する吸収特性と周波数選択性を考慮して、導
電性素子の線幅、厚さ、個々の導電性素子間の間隔が決
定される。In practice, the line width and thickness of the conductive elements and the spacing between the individual conductive elements are determined in consideration of the absorption characteristics and frequency selectivity of radio waves of the frequency to be shielded. .
【００４３】ここでは図１から図６に、３種類の導電性
素子を図示したが、導電性素子の形状がこれらに限定さ
れるものでないことは、前記の説明で明らかである。Although FIGS. 1 to 6 show three types of conductive elements, it is apparent from the above description that the shape of the conductive elements is not limited to these.
【００４４】また、これまで記載した本発明の説明にお
いては遮蔽しようとする到来電波を一つの周波数に限定
して説明したが、複数の周波数の到来電波を遮蔽する目
的で、それぞれの到来電波周波数に対応した本発明にお
けるアンテナ素子を多数配設させた電波吸収体も本発明
に含まれるものとする。In the above description of the present invention, the arriving radio wave to be shielded is limited to one frequency. However, for the purpose of shielding the arriving radio waves of a plurality of frequencies, each arriving radio frequency The present invention also includes a radio wave absorber provided with a large number of antenna elements according to the present invention corresponding to the above.
【００４５】なお、本発明の電波吸収体を用いて電波遮
蔽室などを作る場合、電波吸収面として個々に独立した
導電性素子の配列面を用いているため、電波吸収体同士
の接続や接地は必要ない。このことは施工性を極めて簡
便にするもので本発明の電波吸収体の大きな利点であ
る。When a radio wave shielding room or the like is formed by using the radio wave absorber of the present invention, since the array surface of the conductive elements which are independent from each other is used as the radio wave absorption surface, connection or grounding between the radio wave absorbers is performed. Is not required. This greatly simplifies workability and is a great advantage of the radio wave absorber of the present invention.
【００４６】[0046]
【発明の効果】以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明
によれば、電波吸収体間の接続や接地の必要がない施工
性に優れた電波吸収体を供給できる。そして、薄い構造
の電波吸収体に仕上げることもできる。As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, it is possible to supply a radio wave absorber excellent in workability which does not require connection between the radio wave absorbers and grounding. And it can also be made into a radio wave absorber with a thin structure.
【００４７】また、本発明の電波吸収体は、双方の面か
ら到来し、遮蔽しようとする周波数の電波のエネルギー
を導電性素子に接続された抵抗体によって吸収し、さら
にその他の周波数の電波（電磁波）は双方向に透過させ
るという性質を有している。Further, the radio wave absorber of the present invention absorbs the energy of the radio wave of the frequency to be shielded coming from both surfaces by the resistor connected to the conductive element, and further absorbs the radio wave of the other frequency ( Electromagnetic waves) have the property of being transmitted in both directions.
【００４８】また、到来電波の方向には殆ど無関係であ
り全方位において吸収性能を発揮するため、本発明の電
波吸収体を用いて建物や部屋を形成すると、内部での専
用通信（事業所ＰＨＳや無線ＬＡＮなど）に使用する電
波の屋内での反射や屋外からの侵入に起因する無線機器
の感度低下・混信等の通信回線性能の低下、および情報
の漏洩が防止できるとともに、外部との必要な通信や公
共放送の受信、電波吸収体に起因する外部へのテレビ電
波受信障害の発生源となることの防止、などが可能であ
る。Further, since a building or a room is formed by using the radio wave absorber according to the present invention, since it is almost irrelevant to the direction of the arriving radio wave and exhibits an absorption performance in all directions, dedicated communication (business establishment PHS) And wireless LAN, etc.) can reduce the sensitivity of wireless devices due to the reflection of radio waves used indoors or the intrusion from outside, the deterioration of communication line performance such as interference, and the prevention of information leakage, and the need for external communication. It is possible to prevent communication and public broadcasting from being received and prevent the TV from being a source of external TV radio wave reception interference caused by radio wave absorbers.
【００４９】また建物内で部屋の間仕切りとして用いた
場合、間仕切りを挟んだ二つの部屋で、同一周波数の電
波を用いる事が出来るため、周波数チャンネルの不足と
いった問題が解消出来る。When used as a room partition in a building, radio waves of the same frequency can be used in two rooms sandwiching the partition, so that the problem of insufficient frequency channels can be solved.
【図１】本発明に係わる周波数選択性を有する電波吸収
体の電波吸収面（導電性素子配列面）を示す正面図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a front view showing a radio wave absorbing surface (conductive element array surface) of a radio wave absorber having frequency selectivity according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明に係わる周波数選択性を有する電波吸収
体の図１に係る実施例の断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 of the radio wave absorber having frequency selectivity according to the present invention.
【図３】図１に示すアンテナ素子の横断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the antenna element shown in FIG.
【図４】図３に示すアンテナ素子の電気的等価回路図で
ある。FIG. 4 is an electrical equivalent circuit diagram of the antenna element shown in FIG.
【図５】本発明に係わる周波数選択性を有する電波吸収
体の他の電波吸収面（導電性素子配列面）を示す正面図
である。FIG. 5 is a front view showing another radio wave absorbing surface (conductive element array surface) of the radio wave absorber having frequency selectivity according to the present invention.
【図６】本発明に係わる周波数選択性を有する電波吸収
体の他の電波吸収面（導電性素子配列面）を示す正面図
である。FIG. 6 is a front view showing another radio wave absorbing surface (conductive element array surface) of the radio wave absorber having frequency selectivity according to the present invention.
１３…導電性素子 １４…周波数選択性面 １５…支持体または保護材 １６…フィルム １７ａ，１７ｂ…エレメント １８ａ，１８ｂ，１９ａ，１９ｂ…電極パッド ２０…負荷抵抗 ２１ａ，２１ｂ…コンデンサ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13 ... Conductive element 14 ... Frequency selectivity surface 15 ... Support or protective material 16 ... Film 17a, 17b ... Element 18a, 18b, 19a, 19b ... Electrode pad 20 ... Load resistance 21a, 21b ... Capacitor
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 江森 晋 東京都台東区台東１丁目５番１号 凸版印 刷株式会社内 (72)発明者 武田 晃 東京都台東区台東１丁目５番１号 凸版印 刷株式会社内 Ｆターム(参考） 2E001 DH01 FA07 GA23 GA51 GA77 GA84 HA11 HA14 HB01 HC07 5E321 AA31 AA43 BB23 GG05 GG12 5J020 EA03 EA08 EA09 EA10 5J046 AA07 AA12 AB07 AB11 PA07 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Susumu Emori 1-5-1, Taito, Taito-ku, Tokyo Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Akira Takeda 1-1-5-1, Taito, Taito-ku, Tokyo Letterpress F-term (reference) in Printing Co., Ltd. 2E001 DH01 FA07 GA23 GA51 GA77 GA84 HA11 HA14 HB01 HC07 5E321 AA31 AA43 BB23 GG05 GG12 5J020 EA03 EA08 EA09 EA10 5J046 AA07 AA12 AB07 AB11 PA07
Claims (6)
特定の長さを有する多数の導電性素子が配設された電波
吸収体において、該導電性素子の一部に静電容量体を介
して抵抗体を接続してなる部分を設けることを特徴とす
る周波数選択性を有する電波吸収体。In a radio wave absorber provided with a number of conductive elements having a specific length corresponding to the frequency of a radio wave to be shielded, a part of the conductive elements is interposed via a capacitance. A radio wave absorber having frequency selectivity, wherein a portion formed by connecting a resistor is provided.
該導電性素子を形成してなり、導電性素子の一部に切り
欠き部を設け、切り欠き部の両端に電極を設け、誘電体
膜の他方の表面の重なる位置にも電極を設けるととも
に、導電性素子とは反対面の電極間を抵抗体皮膜で接続
したことを特徴とする周波数選択性を有する電波吸収
体。2. The electromagnetic wave absorber has the conductive element formed on one surface of a dielectric film, a notch is provided in a part of the conductive element, and electrodes are provided at both ends of the notch. A radio wave absorber having frequency selectivity, characterized in that electrodes are provided at a position where the other surface of the dielectric film overlaps, and the electrodes on the surface opposite to the conductive element are connected by a resistor film.
の長さが遮蔽しようとする電波波長の約２分の１（但
し、該電波波長は誘電体中での波長）であり、該導電性
素子の一部に静電容量体を介して抵抗体を接続してなる
部分、または切り欠き部を中点に持つことを特徴とした
請求項１または２記載の周波数選択性を有する電波吸収
体。3. The conductive element has an open end, and the length between the open ends is about a half of a radio wave wavelength to be shielded (however, the radio wave wavelength is a wavelength in a dielectric). 3. The frequency selectivity according to claim 1, wherein a portion formed by connecting a resistor to a part of the conductive element via a capacitor, or a cutout portion is provided at a middle point. Radio wave absorber.
長さが遮蔽しようとする電波波長（但し、該電波波長は
誘電体中での波長）にほぼ等しく、環状導電性素子の一
部に静電容量体を介して抵抗体を接続してなる部分、ま
たは切り欠き部を介して抵抗体を接続したことを特徴と
した請求項１または３記載の周波数選択性を有する電波
吸収体。4. The conductive element has a ring shape, and its peripheral length is substantially equal to a radio wave wavelength to be shielded (the radio wave wavelength is a wavelength in a dielectric). The radio wave absorber having frequency selectivity according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the portion is connected to a resistor via a capacitance body, or the resistor is connected via a notch. .
した請求項１乃至４何れかに記載の周波数選択性を有す
る電波吸収体。5. The radio wave absorber having frequency selectivity according to claim 1, wherein a foil is used for said conductive element.
たことを特徴とした請求項１乃至５何れかに記載の周波
数選択性を有する電波吸収体。6. The frequency-selective radio wave absorber according to claim 1, wherein a linear metal element is used as said conductive element.
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| JP (1) | JP4479059B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8717031B2 (en) | 2010-11-18 | 2014-05-06 | International Business Machines Corporation | Controlling electromagnetic radiation in a data center |
| WO2019127938A1 (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-04 | 深圳光启尖端技术有限责任公司 | Controllable wave-absorbing metamaterial |
| CN115173056A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-10-11 | 电子科技大学 | Low RCS broadband antenna housing based on antenna reciprocity principle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US8717031B2 (en) | 2010-11-18 | 2014-05-06 | International Business Machines Corporation | Controlling electromagnetic radiation in a data center |
| US8717030B2 (en) | 2010-11-18 | 2014-05-06 | International Business Machines Corporation | Controlling electromagnetic radiation in a data center |
| US9040933B2 (en) | 2010-11-18 | 2015-05-26 | Lenovo Enterprise Solutions (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Controlling electromagnetic radiation in a data center |
| WO2019127938A1 (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-04 | 深圳光启尖端技术有限责任公司 | Controllable wave-absorbing metamaterial |
| US11145989B2 (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2021-10-12 | Kuang-Chi Cutting Edge Technology Ltd. | Controllable wave-absorbing metamaterial |
| CN115173056A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-10-11 | 电子科技大学 | Low RCS broadband antenna housing based on antenna reciprocity principle |
| CN115173056B (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2023-08-08 | 电子科技大学 | Low RCS broadband radome based on antenna reciprocity principle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4479059B2 (en) | 2010-06-09 |
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