JP2001325308A - Ventilation evaluating method for building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ventilation evaluating method for a building which can easily examine whether or not a sufficient ventilation quantity can be secured by rooms during a walk-through by using CG images. SOLUTION: When respective parts of the building are displayed by using CG images, the positions or sizes of opening parts O of the building are stored in an opening part set value storage means 16f and while the positions or sizes of the opening parts are adjusted in the CG images, a ventilation quantity calculating means 16b calculates the ventilation quantities of the opening parts.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention calculates ventilation volume by changing the position and size of an opening when displaying a building such as a house as a CG image (image by computer graphics). The present invention relates to a method for evaluating ventilation of a building which can be evaluated, and a computer-readable recording medium on which a program for causing a computer to execute the method is recorded.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when building buildings such as houses,
The three-dimensional shape data corresponding to the house to be constructed, which has been completely designed, is created, and the house is constructed based on the three-dimensional shape data using a workstation installed in a display room or the like of a sales office of a building company. A display method for displaying a CG image on a display device such as a screen has been proposed (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-106408). In this case, by appropriately moving the viewpoint of the displayed building by the operator or the like of the building company, the building company can be displayed not only as a still image but also as a moving image on the display device.

According to such a display method, a customer can perform on a CG image the same experience (so-called “walk-through”) that is similar to actually walking around inside and outside a house to be built. It is possible to extremely accurately examine whether the design of each part of the house is appropriate, and to appropriately change the design of the house based on the results of the walk-through.

[0004] Therefore, compared to a case where a house is constructed only by presenting a design drawing to a customer, when a correction or the like based on a walk-through using a CG image is performed, a design failure after the house is constructed is made. The number of complaints from customers, such as trouble and inconvenience of use, is greatly reduced, which is beneficial to both building companies and customers.

[0005]

On the other hand, when designing a house, it is also important to consider that sufficient ventilation is ensured in each room from the viewpoint of health management of residents.
However, even in the design of a house using CG images, it has not been studied in detail whether or not the required ventilation volume is secured for each room. If a house is constructed without being constructed in a short time, the ventilation volume will be insufficient in some rooms or the like after the construction, causing a problem of lowering the living environment.

[0006]

According to the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, it is possible to easily examine whether or not a sufficient amount of ventilation is secured in each room during a walk-through using a CG image. An object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation evaluation method for a building, and a recording medium recording a program for causing a computer to execute the method. Therefore, in the ventilation evaluation method for a building according to claim 1 of the present invention, when displaying each part of the building by the CG image, the position or the size of the opening provided in the building is changed by the CG image by the opening setting changing means. The ventilation amount is calculated by the ventilation amount calculating means while setting or changing the above.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for evaluating ventilation of a building, wherein the calculated amount of ventilation is compared with a required amount of ventilation by comparing means.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable recording medium storing a program for executing the ventilation evaluation method according to the first or second aspect.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the display room 1 is provided with pivotable doors 2 near two corners thereof, and is provided with a vertically movable blind 3 on a rear wall 3 (lower part in FIG. 2). While a vertically long window 4 having 4a is formed, a rectangular screen 5 is fitted in the wall 3 at the front (upper part in FIG. 2). This screen 5
For example, a large screen having a size of about 100 inches or more (the number of pixels is, for example, about 1280 × 1024 dots or more).

A projector 7 (projector) having, for example, three projection tubes 6 is installed near the ceiling of the rear wall 3 of the display room 1, and a projection image is projected from the projector 7 toward the screen 5. It has become so. Note that a separate projection chamber may be provided on the back side of the screen 5 to project from the back side of the screen 5.

In the display room 1, a plurality of chairs 8 and a table 9 for use by a customer K or the like who watches a CG image projected on a screen 5 are arranged. A display device 12 (CRT: Cathode Ray Tube or the like) of a workstation 11 (computer) for creating a CG image relating to a house to be built by a customer K and displaying the CG image on a screen 5, and a keyboard as an input device 13 and a mouse 14 are provided.

Below the auxiliary table 15 disposed near the corner of the display room 1, an arithmetic processing unit 16 forming the main body of the workstation 11 is installed. 5 for appropriately printing an image displayed on the display 5
A scanner 18 for taking in an image is mounted on the workstation 11.

As shown in FIG. 3, the arithmetic processing unit 16 includes a main control unit 16a to which data is inputted from a keyboard 13 and a mouse 14, a ventilation amount calculating unit 16b connected to the main control unit 16a, Means 16c and a data storage unit 16d. Specifically, the data storage unit 16d includes a ventilation amount comparison value storage unit 16e in which a required ventilation amount and the like for each room are stored in advance, a window provided in each room, and the like. And a shape data storage means 16g for storing three-dimensional shape data such as a floor plan of each floor of a house and the like. Further, the shape data storage unit 16g includes a CG image data generation unit 16h that generates CG image data by a predetermined operation.
Is connected to the display control unit 16i through the
i is connected to the screen 5 and the display device 12.

The arithmetic processing unit 16 includes a house for creating three-dimensional shape data representing the house by creating a floor plan or the like representing the floor plan of each floor of the house (building) and the arrangement of equipment and the like. A program P1 for data creation, a program P2 for generating a CG image for performing a walk-through by describing each part of the house as a moving image or a still image based on the three-dimensional shape data as a CG image, and a desired program during the walk-through. A ventilation evaluation program P3 and the like for evaluating whether or not a required ventilation volume is secured while appropriately changing the size and position of an opening such as a window provided in the room in the room or the like are installed. In addition,
The arithmetic processing unit 16 stores wind direction, wind power data, and the like in each region including the planned construction site of the house as a database.

When a CG image is displayed in the display room 1, as shown in FIG.
That is, before the customer K visits the display room 1, a plan view creation screen G1 in which a plan view of each floor of the house H of the customer K to be constructed is displayed on the display device 12 of the workstation 11 or the like.
Is created using the tools T (buttons, selection columns, etc.) displayed in the right tool display area A2 in the image display area A1.

Although the procedure for creating the plan view will not be described in detail, the "room name" and "area" are designated using the tools T displayed in the tool display area A2, and the image display area is designated. Mouse 1 is the position where the "room" is located in A1.
The floor plan can be designed simply by designating with 4 or the like. In addition, "type" of "equipment" to be arranged in each room
The equipment can be arranged only by specifying the position to be arranged.

Since each room and equipment used in the above-described design are created in advance as three-dimensional shape data having height dimensions, a plan view as shown in FIG. 4 is simply created for each floor of the house. Then, three-dimensional shape data of the house and the equipment are created, and processing such as coloring is performed on the three-dimensional shape data as necessary. Workstation 1
In addition to creating the three-dimensional shape data of the house on the house 1, the house drawing data (3
(Dimensional shape data) may be imported to the workstation 11 and used.

A walk-through procedure performed when the customer K visits the display room 1 and a procedure for evaluating ventilation in each room during the walk-through will be described below. First, the principle of performing a so-called walk-through by displaying the inside and outside of a house scheduled to be built by the customer K on the screen 5 as a moving image or a still image as a CG image will be briefly described.

If the three-dimensional shape data representing the house is simplified and corresponds to, for example, the shape shown by D in FIG. 5, the viewpoint is V, and the gazing point is U. The direction is from V to the gazing point U.

When generating an image when the viewing direction E is viewed from the viewpoint V as a CG image, a quadrangular pyramid F corresponding to a predetermined viewing angle is set with the viewing direction E as the center line in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. Then, a two-dimensional image obtained by projecting a region included in the quadrangular pyramid F in the three-dimensional shape data D onto a projection plane G (a cross section of the quadrangular pyramid F) is cut out, and an image in the projection plane G (see FIG. H section) is displayed as a walk-through CG image Q on the screen 5 or the like in FIG.

The calculation for generating the CG image Q based on the viewpoint V and the line-of-sight direction E is executed by the CG image generating program P2. In addition, for example,
When the viewpoint V is advanced, the area included in the quadrangular pyramid F in the three-dimensional shape data D is reduced, so that the CG image Q depicts a state closer to the house. As described above, the inside and outside of the house are displayed as a moving image or a still image by the CG image in accordance with the forward or backward movement of the viewpoint V or the change of the line-of-sight direction E.

Hereinafter, a specific walk-through procedure will be described. When the walk-through button B1 is clicked in the tool display area A2 in FIG. 4, the walk-through screen in FIG. 6 is displayed. The created plan view is reduced and displayed in the sub-window A3 of the walk-through screen, and the operator S sets the viewpoint V and the gazing point U as the reference for generating the CG image. Is displayed in the image display area A1 as an initial screen of the walk-through by the CG image when the user sees. Here, a walk-through screen when the viewpoint V and the gazing point U are set in the living room is illustrated.

At the time of the walk-through, the operator S operates the tool display area A2 such as "forward", "backward", "left rotation", "right rotation", "up rotation", "down rotation", etc. When the movement of the viewpoint V and the change of the line of sight E described above are performed by appropriately clicking the buttons B2 to B7, the viewpoint V and the line of sight E are displayed on the image display area A1 and the screen 5 accordingly. According to the change, the interior of the house or the like is displayed as a moving image or a still image by the CG image Q.

Normally, only the image display area A1 and the sub-window A3 are displayed on the screen 5, and the tool display area A2 is not displayed. That is, FIG. 6 and subsequent figures show the display device 1 viewed by the operator S.
2, the display contents of the image display area A1 and the sub-windows A3 are different from those of the display device 1 at each time.
2 and the screen 5 are common.

When the operator S clicks the "forward" or "backward" button B2, B3 on the display device 12, the viewpoint V moves forward or backward, and although not shown, the CG is displayed in the image display area A1 and the screen 12 (not shown). The image Q will be enlarged or reduced. FIG. 7 shows a state where the viewpoint V is advanced from the state of FIG. Further, when the "left rotation" or "right rotation" button B4, B5 or the like is clicked, the line-of-sight direction E changes to the left or right, and the CG displayed on the image display area A1 and the screen 5 accordingly. The image changes.

FIG. 8 shows a state in which the viewpoint V and the gazing point U are moved into the living room by walk-through. Hereinafter, a procedure for performing the ventilation evaluation in the living room during the walk-through will be described. First, when the ventilation evaluation button B8 is clicked, a ventilation evaluation button is displayed in the tool display area A2 as shown in FIG. Is displayed.

Here, for example, when evaluating the amount of ventilation through a window O which is an opening formed in a wall W around a living room,
When the window O is clicked in the image display area A1, "the living room window O" is displayed as an opening for performing ventilation evaluation in the opening display column C1, and the opening area of the window O is displayed in the opening area display column C2. Is done.

Next, one of “wind ventilation”, “gravity ventilation”, “mechanical ventilation” or the like is selected from the ventilation method selection field B10 as ventilation performed through a predetermined opening, here, the window O. And click. For example, when "wind ventilation" is selected, the ventilation amount calculating means 16b calculates the ventilation amount of the wind ventilation performed through the window O based on the following formula (1).

Q = αAv√ (Cf−Cb) (1) where Q: wind ventilation (unit is, for example, cubic meters / second), α: flow coefficient, A: opening area (here, window O
, V: wind speed, Cf: positive pressure side wind pressure coefficient, Cb: negative pressure side wind pressure coefficient. Here, the wind speed v and the like are determined based on data such as the average wind speed of the planned construction site of the house,
The wind pressure coefficients Cf and Cb are calculated based on the shape of the house or the like. The ventilation volume Q is calculated and the ventilation volume display column B
11, the calculated ventilation volume and the required ventilation volume (for example, about 20 cubic meters per hour per resident) stored in advance in the ventilation volume comparison value storage device 16e by the comparing device 16c. Are compared, and the comparison result is displayed as “sufficient” or “insufficient” in the comparison result display column B12.

When it is determined based on the comparison result that the ventilation volume is sufficient, the operator S ends the ventilation evaluation,
If it is determined that the ventilation volume is insufficient, the size of the window O or the like can be modified to make a design change to further increase the ventilation volume. Although the calculation of the wind ventilation has been described above, the gravity ventilation based on the pressure difference between the indoor side and the outdoor side can be calculated by the following formula (2).

Q = αA√ (2gΔp / r) (2) where, Q: gravity ventilation, α: flow coefficient, A: opening area, g: gravitational acceleration, Δp: air pressure inside and outside the room difference,
r: Air density. Further, when “mechanical ventilation” is selected as the ventilation method at the opening of a ventilation fan or the like other than the window O, the ventilation amount is calculated based on a calculation formula stored in advance according to various types of mechanical ventilation.

Next, when it is desired to display the main ventilation path of the house, the ventilation path button B13 is clicked in FIG. 4 and the like, and as shown in FIG. The main ventilation path is indicated by arrows X1, X2, X3, and the like on the plan view based on the position of the opening of the house and the wind direction of the planned construction site of the house.

[0033]

According to the method for evaluating ventilation of a building according to claim 1 of the present invention, when displaying each part of the building by a CG image, the position or size of the opening provided in the building is determined. Since the ventilation amount is calculated by the ventilation amount calculating means while setting or changing the opening on the CG image by the opening setting changing means, the ventilation amount is checked in advance after the ventilation amount is confirmed. Can do the design,
The problem of insufficient ventilation after construction is less likely to occur.

According to a second aspect of the invention, in the method for evaluating ventilation of a building, the calculated ventilation amount is compared with a required ventilation amount by a comparing means in the method of the first aspect. When the required ventilation volume is smaller than the required ventilation volume, the required ventilation volume can be surely secured finally by changing the position and size of the opening.

Since the recording medium of claim 3 is a computer-readable recording medium on which a program for executing the ventilation evaluation method of claim 1 or 2 is recorded, the program is installed on the computer from the recording medium. As a result, the above-described useful ventilation evaluation method can be realized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a display room for a CG image used in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing the display room.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an internal configuration of an arithmetic processing device arranged in the display room.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a screen for creating a plan view of a house displayed in the display room.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a principle of performing a walk-through by displaying still images or moving images of each part of the house in the display room.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a walk-through is actually performed in the display room.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a CG image when the viewpoint is advanced from the state of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the viewpoint is moved forward of a window in a living room.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of performing ventilation evaluation in the living room.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a main ventilation path of the house.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Workstation (computer) 16b Ventilation amount calculating means 16f Opening set value storing means

Claims (3)

[Claims] When displaying each part of a building using a CG image, the position or size of an opening provided in the building is stored in an opening set value storage means, and the position or size of the opening is stored in a CG. A ventilation evaluation method for a building, wherein a ventilation amount is calculated by a ventilation amount calculating means while adjusting on an image. 2. The ventilation evaluation method for a building according to claim 1, wherein the calculated ventilation amount is compared with a required ventilation amount by a comparing means. 3. A computer-readable recording medium on which a program for executing the ventilation evaluation method according to claim 1 or 2 is recorded.