JP2001303696A - External wall structure and construction method for external wall - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an external wall structure capable of positioning the interior side surface of an external wall substrate panel and the outdoor side surface of an external wall material in the same plane and a construction method for performing the construction work for the external wall structure. SOLUTION: The external wall structure is composed of the external wall substrate panel 4, an external wall supporting sash bar 5 mounted a little away from the panel 4 in an outside direction, an external wall material 8 mounted on the outdoor side surface of the sash bar 5, and an air space S formed between the panel 4 and material 8 mounted away from the panel 4.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an outer wall structure and a method for installing the outer wall on the outer wall structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are various types of outer wall structures of a building. An outer wall base panel described in Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 6-89570 is mounted on a building, and a plurality of outer wall support bars of the outer wall base panel (in the publication, an outer base layer). An outer wall structure in which an outer wall material is stretched and attached to the outdoor side surface of the outer wall is formed between a plurality of outer wall support bars, and a vertically long cylindrical air layer is formed, and air flows through the air layer. Since the moisture inside the outer wall can be released to the outdoor side, there is no dew condensation inside the outer wall, which is a preferable outer wall structure.

[0003] The outer wall base panel described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-89570 will be described in more detail. The outer wall base panel includes a heat insulating layer formed by filling a frame material with a heat insulating material, Interior base material attached to the interior side of the layer, moisture-proof sheet interposed between the heat insulating layer and the interior base material that is impermeable to moisture, and waterproof material that is disposed outside the heat insulation layer and allows moisture to pass outside The seat comprises a plurality of vertically extending outer wall support bars for forming the air layer and attached to the outdoor side of the waterproof sheet. And
When the outer wall material is hung over and attached to the plurality of outer wall support bars, a vertically long cylindrical air layer surrounded by the waterproof sheet, the outer wall support bars on both sides, and the outer wall material is formed.

[0004]

The constituent elements of the outer wall structure in which the outer wall material is attached to the outer side surface of the outer base bar of the outer wall base panel are arranged in order from the indoor side.
It is a moisture-proof sheet, a frame material filled with a heat insulating material inside, a waterproof sheet, an outer wall support bar, and an outer wall material, all of which are solidly connected. Therefore, once manufactured, the thickness of the outer wall base panel cannot be changed.

However, since the dimensional accuracy of the interior base material, the frame material filled with the heat insulating material inside, the outer wall support bar, and the like is not so good, it is difficult to compare a plurality of outer wall base panels obtained by superimposing them. Often, the thickness of the outer wall base panel is different. Therefore, when the plurality of outer wall base panels are mounted side by side, either the indoor side surface or the outdoor side surface of the outer wall base panel becomes uneven, which causes a problem.
In other words, when the interior side surface of the frame material is made substantially coplanar and the outer wall base panel is attached, the outer side surface of the outer wall base bar does not become substantially coplanar, and the outer wall material is attached to the outer side surface of this outer wall support bar. In addition, the exterior surface of the outer wall material becomes uneven, which is extremely ugly.

Further, when the exterior wall surface of the outer wall support bar is made substantially flush with the exterior wall base panel and the exterior wall base panel is mounted, the interior side surface of the frame material filled with the heat insulating material does not become almost flush, and this frame is removed. When an interior wall finishing material such as wallpaper or an interior wall material such as a gypsum board is attached to the interior side surface of the material, the interior side surface of the interior wall finishing material or the interior wall material becomes uneven, which is extremely ugly.
Furthermore, in a unit building, there is an error when installing the building units constituting the unit building, and there is a difference in the position of the outer wall base panel attached to each building unit, so that the outer side surface of the outer wall support bar is almost the same. It may not be flat.

[0007] Further, the structure in which the body difference is provided at the boundary between the first floor and the second floor has the following problem. That is, in the structure in which the body difference is provided at the boundary between the first floor and the second floor, usually, as shown in FIG. 14, the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar P11 attached to the outdoor side surface of the exterior base panel P1 is substantially flush. The outer wall material P2 in which the outer wall material P2 is attached to the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar P11.
Are substantially coplanar.

However, for various reasons, the outer wall support bar P1
In some cases, the outdoor surfaces of the first and second air conditioners are not substantially coplanar.
For example, the thicknesses of the outer wall support bars P11 on the first floor and the second floor are different, and as shown in FIG.
The outside surface of the body P11 does not become coplanar, and both side surfaces of the body difference P12 attached between the first floor and the second floor are not substantially parallel, and as shown in FIG. Is inclined or the body difference P12 is inclined and attached, and as shown in FIG.
Is inclined, a step occurs on the outdoor surface of the exterior support bar P11 attached to the outdoor surface P121. In such a case, the outer wall material P2 is attached to the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar P11.
Is attached, the outer wall material P2 tilts at the step and becomes ugly.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for mounting an outer wall material such as an outer wall base panel, even if there is an error in the thickness of a crosspiece.
In addition, even if a body difference that is not substantially parallel on both sides is attached between the first floor and the second floor, or if the body difference is attached diagonally, the unit building may further include a building unit constituting the unit building. Even if there is an error in the installation or there is a difference in the mounting position of the outer wall base unit attached to the unit building, an outer wall structure that can make the indoor side surface of the outer wall base panel and the outdoor side surface of the outer wall material almost the same plane, An object of the present invention is to provide an outer wall construction method for constructing the outer wall structure.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that the outer wall base panel and the outer wall base panel are slightly separated in the outdoor direction from the outer wall base panel. The outer wall support bar provided at the position, the outer wall material attached to the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar, the outer wall base panel and the outer wall support bar or the outer wall material provided at a position away from the outer wall base panel. And an air layer formed between them.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in accordance with the first aspect, the outer wall support bar extends through a plurality of floors.

A third aspect of the present invention is the invention according to the first aspect, wherein the outer wall support bar penetrates from the uppermost floor to the lowermost floor.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention, the outer wall support bar is provided with a nut and a nut, which are screwed into a threaded bar that is erected from the structural material of the building toward the outside. It is attached between

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention, the outer wall base panel includes an interior base material, and a plurality of moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bars provided outside the interior of the interior base material. And a heat insulating material provided between the plurality of moisture permeable waterproof sheet support bars, a moisture permeable waterproof sheet covering the outdoor side of the moisture permeable waterproof sheet support bar and the heat insulating material, and a moisture permeable waterproof support for the moisture permeable waterproof sheet. It consists of a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet holding bar held down by the bar.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, a building unit having an outer wall base panel is manufactured at a factory by attaching the outer wall base panel to a skeleton of a building unit, and the building unit having the outer wall base panel is manufactured at a construction site. After installation, the outer wall support bar is erected at a position slightly away from the outer wall base panel in the outdoor direction, and an outer wall material is attached to the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar.

In the invention according to the sixth aspect, the outer wall material is attached to the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar, but before attaching the outer wall material, the moisture permeable waterproof sheet of the building unit having the adjacent outer wall base panel is attached. Is preferable, because moisture such as rainwater does not enter the room through the gap between the building units.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, an outer wall base panel is attached to a skeleton of a building unit at a factory, and an outer wall support bar is slightly away from the outer wall base panel in the outdoor direction, and the distance from the outer wall base panel is changed. If possible, manufacture a building unit having an outer wall base panel and an outer wall support bar by standing up and installing the building unit having the outer wall base panel and the outer wall support bar at a construction site. An outer wall material is attached to the outdoor side surface.

[0018] The invention according to claim 8 is to manufacture an outer wall base panel at a factory, attach the outer wall base panel to a skeleton of a building at a construction site, and install an outer wall support panel at a position slightly away from the outer wall base panel in the outdoor direction. And an outer wall material is attached to the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the outer wall base panel, the outer wall support bar provided at a position slightly away from the outer wall base panel in the outdoor direction, and the outer wall support bar are attached to the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar. And the air layer formed between the outer wall base panel and the outer wall support bar or the outer wall member provided at a position distant from the outer wall base panel, so that there is a difference in the thickness of the outer wall base panel. At some point, the exterior wall base panel is attached to the exterior wall base panel with the interior side surface substantially flush with the exterior wall base panel.As a result, even if the exterior side surface is uneven, a position slightly away in the outdoor direction regardless of the exterior wall base panel. The exterior wall surface of the outer wall support bar provided on the rim can be made substantially the same plane, and the outer wall support bar can be attached.
That is, by adjusting the thickness of the air layer between the outer wall base panel and the outer wall support bar or the outer wall material, the indoor side surface of the outer wall base panel and the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar can be made substantially the same plane at the same time. it can.

Therefore, the outer wall material attached to the outer side surface of the outer wall support bar and the inner wall material and the inner wall finishing material attached to the inner side surface of the outer wall base panel can be made substantially coplanar. The building with is beautiful.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the outer wall support bar penetrates a plurality of floors, there is a difference in the thickness of the outer wall base panel between the lower floor and the upper floor, or the outer wall support panel is attached between the lower floor and the upper floor. Even if both sides of the body difference are not substantially parallel or the body difference is inclined, the exterior wall support panel provided at a position slightly away from the body difference panel in the outdoor direction from the body difference, the exterior wall foundation panel, Irrespective of the body difference, the outdoor side surface can be provided in substantially the same plane, and as a result, the outdoor side surface of the outer wall panel can be attached to the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar with substantially the same plane. Therefore, the building provided with this outer wall structure is beautiful.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the outer wall support bar penetrates from the uppermost floor to the lowermost floor, the outer wall base panel on the lower floor and the upper floor somewhere between the lowermost floor and the uppermost floor. Even if there is a difference in the thickness of the wall, the side faces of the waist installed between the lower floor and the upper floor are not substantially parallel, or the waist is inclined, it is slightly away from the outer wall base panel or the waist in the outdoor direction The outer wall supporting bar provided at the inclined position can be provided with the outdoor side surface substantially in the same plane irrespective of the outer wall base panel and the body difference. As a result, the outer wall panel is provided on the outdoor side surface of the outer wall supporting bar. Can be mounted so that the outdoor side surfaces of them are substantially coplanar. Therefore, the building provided with this outer wall structure is beautiful.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the outer wall support bar is
At the construction site, the exterior side surfaces of multiple outer wall support bars are almost the same at the construction site because they are mounted between a nut and a nut that is screwed into a threaded bar that stands outward from the structural material of the building Even if it turns out that it is not flat, it adjusts the degree of screw-in and out of the cradle and nut screwed into this threaded rod, and changes the distance of this cradle and nut from the outer wall base panel. Thereby, the outdoor surfaces of the plurality of outer wall support bars can be made substantially the same plane, and as a result, the outdoor surfaces of the outer wall panels can be attached to the outdoor surface of the outer wall support bars in the substantially same plane. . Therefore, the building provided with this outer wall structure is beautiful.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the outer wall base panel includes an interior base material, a plurality of moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bars provided on the exterior side of the interior base material, and a plurality of moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bars. A moisture-permeable waterproof sheet provided between the support, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bar and a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet covering the outdoor side of the heat-insulating material, and a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet holding bar for holding the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet against the moisture-permeable waterproof support bar. Therefore, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet sandwiched between the plurality of moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bars and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet holding bar is attached to the outside of the heat insulating material so as not to come off.

Therefore, even if moisture such as water droplets penetrates through the gap of the outer wall material, it does not penetrate into the room because it is blocked by the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet. Does not enter. The moisture in the room and the moisture in the outer wall enter the air layer through the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet, and go out of the room together with the air flowing through the air layer. Therefore, the building provided with the outer wall structure has no dew condensation in the wall, and the interior is not wet and has a good habitability.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the building unit having the outer wall base panel is manufactured at the factory by attaching the outer wall base panel to the skeleton of the building unit, and the building unit having the outer wall base panel is manufactured at the construction site. After installing the outer wall support bar at a position slightly away from the outer wall base panel in the outdoor direction, the outer wall material is attached to the outdoor side surface of this outer wall support bar, so the thickness of the outer wall base panel differs or the building unit is installed. Even if the position of the exterior wall base panel to be attached to the building unit is shifted or the installation position of the exterior wall base panel is different, the exterior surface of the exterior wall base panel does not become almost the same plane. A plurality of outer wall support bars can be erected at the position with the outdoor side surface substantially in the same plane. Therefore, the exterior wall surface of the exterior wall material can be made substantially coplanar, and the exterior wall support bar can be attached, so that the unit building can be beautifully constructed.

In the invention according to claim 7, the outer wall base panel is attached to the skeleton of the building unit at the factory, and the outer wall support bar is provided at a position slightly away from the outer wall base panel in the outdoor direction.
A building unit having an outer wall base panel and an outer wall support bar was manufactured by being erected so that the distance from the outer wall base panel could be changed, and the building unit having the outer wall base panel and an outer wall support bar was installed at a construction site. Thereafter, since the outer wall material is attached to the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar, the number of on-site construction steps is reduced by simply attaching the outer wall support bar at the factory, and the work can be performed quickly.

Further, the thickness of the outer wall base panels attached to a plurality of building units is different, the installation positions of the building units are shifted, and the mounting positions of the outer wall base panels attached to the building units are different. Even if the exterior surface of the outer wall base panel of the building unit is not substantially coplanar, the distance from the outer wall base panel of the outer wall support bar attached so that the distance from the outer wall base panel can be changed, After making the exterior side surface of the outer wall support bar substantially the same plane, the outer wall support bar can be erected. Therefore, the outer wall material can be attached to the outer side surface of the outer wall support bar in substantially the same plane, and a unit building in which a plurality of building units are assembled can be beautifully constructed.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the outer wall base panel is manufactured at the factory, the outer wall base panel is attached to the skeleton of the building at the construction site, and the outer wall support bar is slightly away from the outer wall base panel in the outdoor direction. And the outer wall material is attached to the outside surface of the outer wall support bar, so that the outer wall base panel can be finished with high dimensional accuracy in a well-equipped factory,
It becomes easy to attach the outer wall base panel to the building. After the outer wall base panel is attached, the outer wall support bar is erected at a position slightly away from the outer wall base panel in the outdoor direction, so that the outer wall surface of the outer wall support bar is substantially flush with the outer wall support bar. By erecting the bar, the outer wall material can be attached to the outer wall support bar in substantially the same plane. Therefore, not only the unit building but also other buildings can be constructed in a beautiful building.

[0030]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to examples. (Embodiment 1) FIGS. 1 to 3 show one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of an outer wall portion of a building, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an outer wall base panel, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a back surface of a large panel in which an outer wall material is attached to an outer wall support bar.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a building. The skeleton of the building 1 includes a floor beam 11 mounted on a foundation 9,
A first-floor column (not shown) erected on the floor beam 11, a small floor beam 13 spanned by the floor beam 11, a gap 14 mounted on the first-floor column, and a gap 14 A second floor pillar (not shown) erected on the second floor, a second floor floor beam 16 spanned by a staircase 14, a staircase 17 mounted on the second floor pillar, and And a roof 19 attached to the roof.

The floor material 2 is mounted on the floor beam 13 to form the first floor. Further, a floor joist 25 is extended to the floor beam 16 extended to the waist 14, and a floor material 26 is mounted on the floor joist 25 to form a second floor. A ceiling panel (not shown) is suspended from the floor, and the ceiling panel forms the ceiling of the first floor. Also, a structural material such as a roof beam or a roof small beam (not shown) is attached to the body gap 17, and a ceiling panel (not shown) is suspended from the structural material such as the roof beam or the roof small beam.
The ceiling on the second floor is formed.

Reference numeral 4 denotes an outer wall base panel. As shown in FIG. 2, the outer wall base panel 4 includes an interior base material 41, a moisture permeable waterproof sheet support bar 42, a heat insulating material 43, and a moisture permeable waterproof sheet 44. And a moisture permeable waterproof sheet holding bar 45.
The interior base material 41 is a gypsum board. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bar 42 is a wooden rectangular quadrangular columnar long body.

The heat insulating material 43 is a plate-like glass wool.
The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 44 is a sheet made of a high-density polyethylene ultrafine fiber sheet, and allows moisture but not water. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet holding bar 45 is a rectangular pillar-shaped long body made of plywood.

Numeral 5 is an outer wall support bar of a rectangular pillar-shaped elongated body made of plywood, and this outer wall support bar 5 penetrates from the first floor to the second floor as shown in FIG. And this outer wall support bar 5
Is provided with a notch groove 59 for inserting the fixing fitting 29 attached to the floor beam 11 and the gaps 14 and 17.

Reference numeral 8 denotes an outer wall material made of a hard wood chip cement board. Then, at the construction site, the outer wall material 8 is attached to the outer wall material 8.
To make a large panel R, this large panel R,
The fixing bracket 59 previously attached to the studs 14 and 17 and the floor beam 11 is inserted into the notch groove 5 provided in the outer wall support bar 5.
9 and installed.

Next, the construction method of the building and the operation of the outer wall structure will be described. The factory manufactures the outer wall base panel 4, the ceiling panel, and the like. A method of manufacturing the outer wall base panel 4 at this time will be described.

A plurality of moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bars 42 are attached to the exterior surface of the interior base material 41 substantially in parallel, and a heat insulating material 43 is attached between the plurality of moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bars 42. The outdoor side of the support bar 42a is covered with a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 44, and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 4
The moisture permeable waterproof sheet holding bar 45 is pressed against the opposite side of the moisture permeable waterproof sheet supporting bar 42 on the top 4, and the screw 453 a is moved from the moisture permeable waterproof sheet holding bar 45 to the moisture permeable waterproof sheet supporting bar 42.
Then, the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 44 is pressed against the moisture permeable waterproof sheet support member 42 by the moisture permeable waterproof sheet holding bar 45 to manufacture the outer wall base panel 4.

As described above, since the outer wall base panel 4 is manufactured in a factory equipped with facilities, the outer wall base panel 4 is finished with high dimensional accuracy and can be easily attached to a building.
The outer wall base panel 4, the ceiling panel and the like manufactured in this manner are transported to the construction site. At the construction site, a floor beam 11 is mounted on a foundation 9 provided in advance, and the floor beam 11
The first floor column is erected, and the floor joist 13 is attached to the opposite floor beam 11 and attached. The body gap 14 is mounted on the first floor column, and the floor beam 16 is extended to the opposite body beam 14. Attachment, a second-floor pillar is erected on the floor beam 16, and a trunk 17 is attached on the second-floor pillar to form the framework of the building 1.

The floor material 2 is mounted on the floor joist 13,
Attach the outer wall base panel 4 between the pillars on the first floor,
An inner wall finishing material 3 such as wallpaper is attached to the interior side of the outer wall base panel 4, and a ceiling panel is attached to a second floor described later, or various finishings are performed to form the first floor.

Further, a floor joist 25 is inserted into the floor beam 16 and a floor material 26 is mounted on the floor joist 25 to form a floor, and the outer wall base panel 4 is mounted between pillars on the second floor. An inner wall finishing material 3 such as a wallpaper is attached to the indoor side surface of the outer wall base panel 4, and a ceiling panel is hung below a roof 19, which will be described later, and various finishings are performed to form a second floor. In addition, a roof 19 is provided on the waist 17. Also, the outer wall support bar 5 is attached to the outer wall material 8 on the ground in advance to form a large panel R.

Then, the fixing bracket 29 is attached to the floor beam 11 and the gaps 14 and 17, and the fixing bracket 29 is inserted into the cutout groove 59 of the large panel R, and the large panel R is hooked on the fixing bracket 29. To attach the outer wall material 8. As described above, when the large panel R is attached to the fixing bracket 29, a gap is generated between the large panel R and the outer wall base panel 4.
This gap becomes the air layer S. The building 1 is completed by performing various other finishing operations.

In the building 1 completed in this way, an air space S is formed between the outer wall base panel 4 and the outer wall support bar 5 or the outer wall material 8 located at a position away from the outer wall base panel 4. When there is a difference in the thickness of the outer wall base panel 4, the indoor side surfaces of the plurality of outer wall base panels 4 are attached in substantially the same plane, so that even if the outdoor side surface of the outer wall base panel 4 is uneven, The exterior wall surface of the outer wall support bar 5 at the inclined position is made substantially the same plane, and the outer wall support bar 5 can be attached. That is, by adjusting the thickness of the air layer S between the outer wall base panel 4 and the outer wall support bar 5 or the outer wall material 8, the indoor side surface of the outer wall base panel 4 and the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar 5 are simultaneously substantially the same. It can be planar.

Further, since the outer wall support bar 5 penetrates from the first floor to the second floor, there is a difference in the thickness of the outer wall base panel 4 between the first floor and the second floor, or it is attached between the first floor and the second floor. Body difference 1
Even if both side surfaces of the outer wall 4 are not substantially parallel or the body difference 14 is inclined, the outer wall support panel 5 provided at a position slightly outside in the outdoor direction from the outer wall base panel 4 or the body difference 14 can be used as the outer wall base. It has nothing to do with the panel 4 or body gap 14. Therefore, the outer wall support bar 5 can be attached with the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar 5 being substantially coplanar.

As described above, since the interior side surface of the outer wall base panel 4 and the exterior side surface of the outer wall support bar 5 can be made substantially the same plane at the same time, the inner wall finishing material is provided on the outer wall base panel 4 and the outer wall support bar 5. 3 and the outer wall material 6 can be simultaneously mounted on the same plane, and can be constructed in a beautiful building.
Further, since the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 44 is sandwiched between the plurality of moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bars 42 and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet holding bar 45, it is attached to the outside of the heat insulating material 43 so as not to come off.

Therefore, even if moisture such as water drops intrudes through the gaps in the outer wall material 8, the moisture is prevented by the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 44 and does not enter the indoor side. No moisture enters the room. The moisture in the room and the moisture in the outer wall enter the air layer S through the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 44, and go out of the room together with the air flowing through the air layer S.
Therefore, in the building 1 having the outer wall structure, the interior does not get wet, and dew condensation does not occur in the wall, and the building 1 has good habitability.

(Embodiment 2) FIGS. 4 to 10 show another embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a unit building.
(A) is a perspective view showing a unit building, (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of (A), FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a building unit, and FIG. (B) is a perspective view showing a main part in a state where a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet is attached, FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a unit building having an outer wall base panel, and FIG. 8 is an outer wall support on the outer wall base panel. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a state in which the bar is mounted, FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a mounting structure of the outer wall support bar, and FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the cradle.

In FIG. 4 to FIG. 10, Ua is a unit building, and this unit building Ua has six building units 1a mounted on a foundation 9a to cover the first floor as shown in FIG. Forming six building units 1a on the first floor building unit 1a to form a second floor,
The roof panel 2a is mounted on the building unit on the second floor.

As shown in FIG. 5, the skeleton of the building unit 1a has a long column 11a made of steel and having a rectangular cross section, which is erected at a rectangular corner, and a lower end of the column 11a has a rectangular shape. Floor beam 12a made of steel and having a U-shaped cross section connected along the sides
And a ceiling beam 13a having a long U-shaped cross section made of steel and having the upper end of the column 11a connected along a rectangular side. A steel floor beam 14a having a rectangular cross section and a long body is inserted between the opposed floor beams 12a, 12a, and a wooden floor joist 15a is mounted on the floor joist 14a.
A flooring 16a is mounted on 5a to form a floor,
Wooden ceiling edge 17a is attached to the opposite ceiling beams 13a, 13a.
The ceiling material 18 is provided on the lower surface of the ceiling edge 17a.
a is attached to form a ceiling.

Reference numeral 4a denotes an outer wall base panel. As shown in FIG. 6, the outer wall base panel 4a includes an interior base material 41a.
And a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bar 42a, a heat insulating material 43a,
The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 44a and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet holding bar 45
a. The interior base material 41a is a gypsum board.
The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bar 42a is a long body having a U-shaped cross section made of steel.

The heat insulating material 43a is a rock wool plate. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 44a is a sheet made of a high-density polyethylene ultrafine fiber sheet, and allows moisture but not water. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet holding bar 45a is composed of a long rubber sheet plate 451a and a long body 452a made of steel and having a U-shaped cross section.

Reference numeral 5a denotes an outer wall support bar having a long body made of steel and having a rectangular cross section. As shown in FIG. 8, a through hole 51a having a size through which a screw rod 6a to be described later passes is formed at an upper end and a lower end. Is provided. Numeral 6a denotes a screw rod, and the screw rod 6a stands substantially horizontally on the side surfaces of the floor beam 12a and the ceiling beam 13a as shown in FIG.

Reference numeral 7a denotes a cradle, and the cradle 6a has, as shown in FIG.
It is a steel disk having a screw hole 71a screwed into the screw rod 6a at the center. Numeral 75a is a nut screwed into the screw rod 6a. 76a is a washer. 8a is an outer wall material made of a hard wood chip cement board.

Next, the construction method of the unit building Ua and the operation of the outer wall structure will be described. The skeleton of the building unit 1a is manufactured in a factory. At this time, screw rods 6a are welded to the side surfaces of the ceiling beam 13a and the floor beam 12a to which the outer wall base panel 4a is attached, and are set up substantially horizontally.

The opposite floor beams 12 of this building unit 1a
a, 12a, and a floor beam 14a is inserted.
A floor joist 15a is mounted on a, and a floor material 16a is mounted on the floor joist 15a to form a floor. Further, a ceiling edge 17a is inserted between the opposite ceiling beams 13a of the building unit 1a, and a ceiling member 18a is attached to the lower surface of the ceiling edge 17a to form a ceiling.

On the other hand, a plurality of moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bars 42a are attached substantially in parallel to the exterior side surface of the interior base material 41a,
A heat insulating material 4 is provided between the plurality of moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bars 42a.
3a, the outside of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bar 42a and the heat insulating material 43a are covered with a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 44a, and as shown in FIG. A long rubber sheet plate 451a and a U-shaped long body 452a are pressed against the opposite side of the sheet support bar 42a, and screws 453a are screwed into the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bar 42a from the U-shaped long body 452a. A moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 44a is attached to a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support member 42a by a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet holding bar 45a comprising a U-shaped long body 452a and a U-shaped long body 452a, and the outer wall base panel is provided. 4a is manufactured.

As described above, since the outer wall base panel 4a is manufactured in a factory equipped with facilities, the outer wall base panel 4a is finished with high dimensional accuracy and can be easily attached to a building. Next, as shown in FIG. 8, a heat insulating material 78a is attached to the outdoor surface and the lower surface of the ceiling beam 13a of the building unit 1a, and a heat insulating material 79 is attached to the outdoor surface and the upper surface of the floor beam 12a.
a, the interior base material 41a and the moisture permeable waterproof sheet support bar 42a are inserted between the heat insulating material 78a on the lower surface of the ceiling beam 13a and the heat insulating material 79a mounted on the upper surface of the floor beam 13a. When the panel 4a is attached to the skeleton of the building unit 1a and the interior finishing material 3a is attached to the interior side surface of the outer wall base panel 4a or various finishings are performed, the building unit 1a having the outer wall base panel 4a is completed.

When attaching the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 44a, the screw rod 6a attached to the ceiling beam 13a and the floor beam 12a passes through the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 44a. 9 between the screw rod 6a and
As shown in (1), a sealing material 48 is applied to make this portion watertight. The building unit 1a provided with the outer wall base panel 4a thus manufactured is transported to the construction site.

At the construction site, the foundation 9 is provided in advance.
a, a building unit 1a having six outer wall base panels 4a is installed thereon, and six outer wall base panels 4a are mounted thereon.
The building unit 1a is installed, and the roof panel 2a is mounted thereon. Further, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 44a of the outer wall base panel 4a attached to each unit building 1a.
To prevent water from leaking into the room through the gap between the building units 1a. Also, as shown in FIG. 8, the receiving base 7a is screwed into the plurality of screw rods 6a of the building unit 1a so as to be substantially in the same plane. In addition, this cradle 7a
Are the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 44a to the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet holding bar 4
Keep it farther than the height of 5a.

Next, while passing the screw rod 6a through the through hole 51a of the outer wall support bar 5a, the outer wall support bar 5a is pressed against the receiving stand 7a, a washer 76a is passed through the screw bar 6a, and a nut is placed on the washer 76a. 75a into the outer wall support bar 5
a is fixed to the screw rod 6a. Although the outdoor side surfaces of the plurality of outer wall support bars 5a thus attached are substantially in the same plane, it is confirmed whether or not the yarns and the like are stretched to be substantially in the same plane.

If it is found that the outdoor side surfaces of the plurality of outer wall support bars 5a are not in the same plane, the receiving base 7a and the nut 75a are screwed in and out, and the outer wall base panel 4a is moved from the outer wall support bar 5a. Is adjusted so that the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar 5a is substantially coplanar. As described above, when it is determined at the construction site that the outdoor side surfaces of the plurality of outer wall support bars 5a are not coplanar, the outer wall support bar 5a is sandwiched between the screwed receiving stand 7a and the nut 75a. The nut 7a is screwed into and out of the pedestal 7a screwed into the screw rod 6a to change the distance from the outer wall base panel 4a.
The outer wall support bar 5a can be attached by making the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar 5a sandwiched between the a and the nut 75a substantially in the same plane.

Next, an outer wall member 8a is attached to the outer wall support bar 5a. Thus, the outer wall material 8a is connected to the outer wall support bar 5a.
In this case, a gap is formed between the outer wall material 8a or the outer wall support bar 5a and the outer wall base panel 4a, and the gap becomes an air layer Sa. When various other finishing operations are performed, the unit building Ua is completed.

The unit building Ua thus completed
Then, a building unit 1a having the outer wall base panel 4a is manufactured by attaching the outer wall base panel 4a to the skeleton of the building unit 1a at a factory, and the outer wall base panel 4a is manufactured at a construction site.
After installing the building unit 1a provided with the outer wall support panel 5a, the outer wall support bar 5a is erected at a position slightly outside in the outdoor direction from the outer wall base panel 4a, and the outer wall material is attached to the outer wall support bar 5a. 4a and an outer wall support bar 5a or an outer wall material 8a at a position away from the outer wall base panel 4a.
An air space Sa is formed between the two.

Further, when there is a difference in the thickness of the outer wall base panel 4a, the interior side surfaces of the plurality of outer wall base panels 4a are mounted in substantially the same plane, and as a result, the outer wall base panel 4a is mounted.
The exterior wall surface of the outer wall support bar 5a attached at a position distant from the exterior wall foundation panel 4a in the outdoor direction regardless of the exterior wall foundation panel 4a even if the exterior side surface of a is uneven, is made substantially the same plane. The outer wall support bar 5a can be attached. That is, by adjusting the thickness of the air layer Sa between the outer wall base panel 4a and the outer wall support bar 5a or the outer wall material 8a, the outdoor surface of the outer wall support bar 5a can be made substantially the same plane at the same time.

Accordingly, the interior wall finishing material 3a attached to the interior side surface of the exterior wall base panel 4a and the exterior wall material 6a attached to the exterior side surface of the exterior wall support bar 5a can be simultaneously made substantially coplanar, resulting in a beautiful building. Further, since the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 44a is sandwiched between the plurality of moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bars 42a and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet holding bar 45a, the heat insulating material 43 is provided.
It is attached so as not to come off the outdoor side of a.

Therefore, even if moisture such as water drops intrudes through the gaps in the outer wall material 8a, the moisture does not enter the room because of the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 44a. No moisture enters the room. The moisture in the room and the moisture in the outer wall enter the air layer Sa through the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 44a, and go out of the room together with the air flowing through the air layer Sa. Therefore, the building 1a having this outer wall structure
The interior is not damp and the inside of the wall does not have dew condensation.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of the present invention and is a perspective view showing a unit building in which an outer wall support bar is attached to an outer wall base panel.

When the third embodiment shown in FIG. 11 is compared with the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 10, the structure of the unit building is almost the same, but as shown in FIG. Can be different.

That is, the skeleton of the building unit 1b is manufactured at the factory, the outer wall base panel 4b is attached to the skeleton of the building unit 1b, and the screw rod 6b is attached to the floor beam 12b and the ceiling beam 13.
b, and a plurality of screw rods 6b
b into the through hole 5 of the outer wall support bar 5b.
1b, the outer wall support bar 5b is pressed against the receiving stand 7b, and a washer 76b is passed through the screw rod 6b.
A nut 75b is screwed in from above the outer wall support bar 5b.
Is fixed to the screw rod 6b, and various other finishings are performed.
The building unit 1b including the outer wall base panel 4b and the outer wall support bar 5b is completed.

As described above, the outer wall supporting bar 5b can be adjusted at the construction site by changing the distance from the outer wall foundation panel 4b so that the outdoor side surface of the outer wall supporting bar 5b is substantially coplanar. The building unit 1b manufactured in this way is transported to the construction site, where the six building units 1b are
Is installed on a foundation provided in advance, and after connecting the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 44b of each building unit 1b, the receiving base 7b to which the outer wall support bar 5b is mounted and the nut 75b are screwed in and out, and each building unit 1b After the outer wall surface of the outer wall support bar 5b is made substantially the same plane, the outer wall material 8b is attached to the outer wall support bar 5b.

The other structure and construction method are almost the same as those of the second embodiment, and the description is omitted. In the unit building completed in this way, the outer wall support bar 5b is attached at the factory.
By simply installing the unit at the factory, the number of on-site construction steps is reduced, and the unit building can be constructed quickly. The other operations are almost the same as those of the second embodiment, and the description is omitted.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 12 shows still another embodiment of the present invention and is a perspective view showing a part of an outer wall base panel.

The embodiment 4 shown in FIG. 12 is compared with the embodiment 2 shown in FIGS. 4 to 10 by comparing the moisture permeable waterproof sheet supporting bar 42c and the moisture permeable waterproof sheet holding bar 45c of the outer wall base panel 4c.
Is different from wood. When the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet supporting bar 42c and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet holding bar 45c are made of wood, the heat conductivity is lower than that of metal, so that it is difficult for the indoor heat to escape, and the building has good heat insulation. Become. Other structures, construction methods, and operations are substantially the same as those in the second embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

(Embodiment 5) FIG. 13 shows still another embodiment of the present invention, and is a perspective view showing a part of a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet holding bar.

The fifth embodiment shown in FIG.
As compared with Example 2 shown in FIG.
The difference is that a plurality of long holes 421d are provided on the side surface of 2d. When the elongate hole 421d is provided in the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bar 42d in this way, the heat conduction area is reduced, so that the indoor heat is difficult to escape, and the building has good heat insulation. Other structures, construction methods, and operations are substantially the same as those in the second embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

[0076]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the outer wall base panel, the outer wall support bar provided at a position slightly away from the outer wall base panel in the outdoor direction, and the outer wall support bar are attached to the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar. Since it is composed of an outer wall material and an air layer formed between the outer wall base panel and the outer wall support bar or the outer wall material provided at a position distant from the outer wall base panel, the indoor side surfaces of the plurality of outer wall base panels are formed. At the same time that the outer wall surfaces of the outer wall support bars are made substantially uniform, the outer wall material, the inner wall finishing material, and the inner wall material can be attached to the substantially same surface. Therefore,
The building with this outer wall structure is beautiful.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the outer wall support bar penetrates a plurality of floors, there is a difference in the thickness of the outer wall base panels on the lower floor and the upper floor, or the outer wall support panel is attached between the upper floor and the lower floor. Even if the both sides of the body difference are not parallel or the body difference is inclined, the exterior wall surface can be made substantially coplanar and the outer wall support bar can be erected. The outer wall material can be attached to the support bar substantially in the same plane. Therefore, the building provided with this outer wall structure is beautiful.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the outer wall supporting bar penetrates from the uppermost floor to the lowermost floor, the thickness of the outer wall base panel on the lower floor and the upper floor somewhere from the lowermost floor to the uppermost floor. Even if there is a difference in height, or if both sides of the trunk attached between the lower floor and the upper floor are not parallel, or if the trunk is inclined, the exterior surface is made almost coplanar and the outer wall The support bar can be erected, and as a result, the outer wall material can be attached to the outer wall support bar in substantially the same plane. Therefore,
The building with this outer wall structure is beautiful.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the outer wall support bar is attached by being sandwiched between a nut and a nut, which is screwed into a threaded bar erected from the structural material of the building toward the outside. Even if it is found at the construction site that the outside surfaces of the outer wall support bars are not substantially in the same plane, the degree of screwing in and out of the cradle and the nut is adjusted, and the cradle and the nut are pinched. The outer side surface of the outer wall support bar can be made substantially coplanar, and as a result, the outer wall material and the inner wall finishing material
The inner wall material can be made substantially flush. Therefore, the building provided with this outer wall structure is beautiful.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the outer wall base panel comprises an interior base material, a plurality of moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bars provided on the exterior side of the interior base material, and a plurality of moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bars. A moisture-permeable waterproof sheet provided between the support, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bar and a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet covering the outdoor side of the heat-insulating material, and a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet holding bar for holding the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet against the moisture-permeable waterproof support bar. Therefore, the moisture permeable waterproof sheet sandwiched between the plurality of moisture permeable waterproof sheet support bars and the moisture permeable waterproof sheet holding bar is attached to the outside of the heat insulating material so as not to come off.

Therefore, even if moisture such as water droplets penetrates through the gap between the outer wall materials, the moisture does not penetrate into the room due to the moisture permeable waterproof sheet. Does not enter. In addition, the moisture in the room and the moisture in the wall enter the air layer through the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet, and go out of the room together with the air flowing through the air layer. Is good.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, a building unit having an outer wall base panel is manufactured at a factory by attaching the outer wall base panel to a skeleton of a building unit, and the building unit having the outer wall base panel is manufactured at a construction site. After installing the outer wall support bar at a position slightly outside in the outdoor direction from the outer wall base panel, the outer wall material is attached to the outdoor side surface of this outer wall support bar, so the thickness of the outer wall base panel differs or the building unit is installed. Even if the position of the exterior wall base panel to be attached to the building unit is shifted or the installation position of the exterior wall base panel is different, the exterior surface of the exterior wall base panel does not become almost the same plane. A plurality of outer wall support bars can be erected at the position with the outdoor side surface substantially in the same plane. As a result, the outer wall material, the inner wall finishing material and the inner wall material can be made substantially coplanar, and the unit building can be beautifully constructed.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, an outer wall base panel is attached to a skeleton of a building unit at a factory, an outer wall support bar is provided at a position slightly away from the outer wall base panel in the outdoor direction, and a distance from the outer wall base panel is changed. Manufacture a building unit with an outer wall base panel and an outer wall support bar,
After the building unit having the outer wall base panel and the outer wall support bar is installed at the construction site, the outer wall material is mounted on the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar. As a result, the number of on-site construction steps is reduced, and construction can be performed quickly.

Also, the thickness of the outer wall base panels attached to a plurality of building units is different, the installation positions of the building units are shifted, and the mounting positions of the outer wall base panels attached to the building units are different. After changing the distance from the outer wall base panel of the outer wall support bar that is attached so that the distance from the outer wall base panel can be changed, even if the exterior surface of the outer wall base panel of each building unit is not substantially the same plane In addition, the outer wall base bar can be erected with the outer wall surface of the outer wall support bar being substantially coplanar, and as a result, the outer wall material, the inner wall finishing material and the inner wall material can be made substantially coplanar. As a result, the outer wall material, the inner wall finishing material and the inner wall material can be made substantially coplanar,
Unit buildings can be beautifully constructed.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, an outer wall base panel is manufactured at a factory, an outer wall base panel is attached to a skeleton of a building at a construction site, and an outer wall support panel is located slightly away from the outer wall base panel in the outdoor direction. Since the outer wall material is attached to the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar, the outer wall base panel can be manufactured quickly and with high dimensional accuracy in a factory equipped with facilities, and the outer wall base panel can be easily attached to the building. In addition, by arranging the outer wall support bar so that the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar is substantially coplanar, the outer wall material can be attached to the outer wall support bar in substantially the same plane. Therefore, beautiful construction can be performed not only in the unit building but also in other buildings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which an outer wall portion of a building is cut in a vertical direction.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an outer wall base panel.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a back surface of a large panel in which an outer wall material is attached to an outer wall support bar.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a unit building, (a) is a perspective view showing the unit building,
(B) is a sectional view taken along line AA of (A).

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a skeleton of a building unit.

FIG. 6A is a perspective view showing an outer wall base panel, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a main part in a state where a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet is attached.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a unit building with an outer wall base panel.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a state where an outer wall support bar is attached to the outer wall base panel.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a mounting structure of an outer wall support bar.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a receiving table.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention, showing a unit building in which an outer wall support bar is attached to an outer wall base panel.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of the present invention and showing a part of an outer wall base panel.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of the present invention, and showing a part of a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet holding bar.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a conventional building outer wall structure.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a conventional building outer wall structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Building 11 Floor beam 14, 17 Body difference 1a, 1b Building unit 11a, 11b Column 12a, 12b Floor beam 13a, 13b Ceiling beam 3, 3a Inner wall finishing material or inner wall material 4, 4a, 4b, 4c Outer wall base panel 41, 41a Interior base material 42, 42a, 42c, 42d Moisture permeable waterproof sheet support bar 43, 43a Heat insulation material 44, 44a, 44b Moisture permeable waterproof sheet 45, 45a, 45c Moisture permeable waterproof sheet holding bar 5, 5a, 5b Outer wall support bar 6a Screw rod 7a, 7b Receiving stand 75a, 75b Nut 8, 8a, 8b Outer wall material S Air layer Ua Unit building

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (reference) E04B 1/70 E04B 1/70 D 1/76 1/76 HF term (reference) 2E001 DA01 DB02 DB04 DB05 DD01 EA06 EA09 FA04 GA24 GA27 GA29 GA42 GA45 GA63 GA66 HA01 HA03 HD11 JA22 JC01 JD04 MA01 2E002 EB12 FA03 FA05 FB05 FB12 HA00 HA03 HB01 MA00 MA01 MA03 MA06 MA22 MA27 MA31 MA34

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. An outer wall base panel, an outer wall support bar provided at a position slightly away from the outer wall base panel in the outdoor direction, an outer wall material attached to the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar, and the outer wall base panel And an air layer formed between the outer wall support bar and the outer wall material provided at a position distant from the outer wall base panel. 2. The outer wall structure according to claim 1, wherein said outer wall support bar extends through a plurality of floors. 3. The outer wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall support bar penetrates from a top floor to a bottom floor. 4. The outer wall support bar is mounted so as to be sandwiched between a nut and a nut which is screwed into a threaded bar erected from the structural material of the building to the outside. Item 4. The outer wall structure according to Item 1. 5. The exterior wall base panel comprises: an interior base material;
A plurality of moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bars provided on the exterior side of the interior base material; a heat insulating material provided between the plurality of moisture-permeable waterproof sheet support bars; The outer wall structure according to claim 1, comprising: a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet covering the outside; and a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet holding bar for holding the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet against the moisture-permeable waterproof support bar. 6. A building unit having an outer wall base panel is manufactured at a factory by attaching the outer wall base panel to a skeleton of a building unit, and the building unit having the outer wall base panel is installed at a construction site, and the outer wall base panel is removed from the building unit. An outer wall construction method, comprising: erecting an outer wall support bar at a position slightly distant in the outdoor direction, and then attaching an outer wall material to the outdoor surface of the outer wall support bar. 7. An outer wall base panel is attached to a skeleton of a building unit at a factory, and an outer wall support bar is erected at a position slightly away from the outer wall base panel in the outdoor direction so that the distance from the outer wall base panel can be changed. Manufacturing a building unit having an outer wall base panel and an outer wall support bar, and installing a building unit having the outer wall base panel and an outer wall support bar at a construction site, and then applying an outer wall material to the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar. An outer wall construction method characterized by being attached. 8. An outer wall base panel is manufactured at a factory, an outer wall base panel is attached to a skeleton of a building at a construction site, and an outer wall support bar is erected at a position slightly away from the outer wall base panel in the outdoor direction. An outer wall construction method, comprising attaching an outer wall material to the outdoor side surface of the outer wall support bar.