JP6513338B2 - Wall structure and wooden building - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wall structure to be an outer peripheral wall in a wooden building with outer insulation by a wooden frame construction method, and a wooden building provided with the wall structure.

  In recent wooden houses, it is common to apply insulation to the outer peripheral wall and roof even if it is not a cold area.

  In thermal insulation construction of wooden houses, filled insulation such as glass wool is filled in the space between vertical members such as pillars and studs, and cross members such as beams, girders and trunks, and the above vertical members and cross members There is an outer insulation and a plate-like insulation attached to the outside of the. Filled heat insulation is widely used because the outer peripheral wall is not thick because it uses the space in the existing outer peripheral wall, and the heat insulating material is inexpensive and the construction cost is low. On the other hand, outer insulation is expensive compared to filling insulation, and the outer peripheral wall becomes thicker by the thickness of the insulation, so there is a problem that the floor area becomes smaller substantially, but the space around the building It has the advantages of being able to be covered with a heat insulating material, achieving uniform and high heat insulation, and preventing condensation within the wall.

  As shown in Figure 1 of Patent Document 1, wooden buildings with outer insulation are plate-like thermal insulation on the outside of the longitudinal members such as the crossbars 6 and the eaves girder 7 and the base 5 and the vertical members such as the columns 1 and 2 A material 3 is attached, and a vertical trunk 4 is attached to the outside thereof to ensure air permeability in the vertical direction and a discharge passage such as rain water, and then the exterior material 13 is attached using the vertical trunk 4 as a base material.

Patent No. 3663478

  In the wooden house with the outside insulation such as disclosed in Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 11 of Patent Document 1, the interior material 52 is attached to the indoor side of the pillar 1 and the stud 2 and the interior finish is applied. It is common to In particular, in an area where the fire resistance standard is strict, a fire resistant gypsum board is attached as the interior material 52, and wallpaper (cross) is applied to the surface to make an interior finish. Moreover, even when the interior material is not attached, mounting members such as nails and screws for fixing the studs to the cross member such as a base, a beam, a trunk, and a girder are exposed indoors, which is not preferable in appearance. Therefore, the attachment member is covered with the same member as the stud and a treatment such as adhesion with an adhesive or attachment with a finish nail or the like is required, but the task of applying such treatment to all the studs is complicated. Therefore, even in areas where gypsum board is not required, it is common to attach a panel-like wall material to the indoor side of pillars and studs to perform interior finishing that hides the studs, and by selecting the material of the interior material used. It corresponded to the fireproof standard.

  An object of the present invention is to simplify interior finishing in a wooden building with outer insulation and to save labor in construction. Specifically, an object of the present invention is to provide a wall structure where attachment of interior materials and processing of attachment members of studs are omitted, and a wooden building having the wall structure as an outer peripheral wall.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wall structure comprising a heat insulating panel having a plate-like heat insulating material and a face material disposed on the outdoor side of a wooden building column, and an exterior material disposed outside the heat insulating panel. In
The heat insulation panel is provided with an interior facing on the indoor side as the facing,
There is no stud on the indoor side of the heat insulation panel, a reinforcing pillar with a width of 45 to 90 mm and a depth of 60 to 120 mm is arranged on the outdoor side, and the space between two adjacent pillars is opened to the indoor side Yes,
The studs are mounted from the outdoor side at the upper end and the lower end by a mounting member to a beam, a girder, a trunk difference, a cross member of any of the bases, a receiving member horizontally mounted along the cross member, or the post Yes,
The exterior material is attached to the reinforcing column.

In the wall structure of the present invention, the following configuration is included as a preferred embodiment.
The reinforcing pillars are attached to the cross member or the pillar at the upper end and the lower end with the heat insulating panel interposed therebetween.
The thermal insulation panel has structural plywood on the outdoor side.
The interior facing of the heat insulation panel is fire resistant .

  A second aspect of the present invention is a wooden building characterized by having a wall structure as an outer peripheral wall, preferably characterized in that a part of the outer peripheral wall is a bearing wall.

In the wall structure of the present invention, the interior material is attached to the indoor side of the pillar or the attachment member of the stud is treated by using the heat insulation panel having the interior surface material and arranging the reinforcing pillar on the outdoor side of the heat insulation panel. Interior finishing is simplified. In addition, since the reinforcing pillars are disposed on the outdoor side of the heat insulation panel and the space between the pillars is opened to the indoor side, a substantial floor area and indoor space can be made larger than before. Furthermore, since it can be handed over to a purchaser before installing indoor equipment such as electrical wiring, piping around water, gas pipes, etc., it becomes possible to sell skeletons similar to RC structures such as condominiums.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of the wall structure of the present invention, and is a schematic cross-sectional view parallel to the vertical direction and the thickness direction. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the horizontal direction of the wall structure of FIG. 1, (a) is an A-A 'cross-sectional schematic diagram in FIG. 1, (b) is a B-B' cross-sectional schematic diagram in FIG. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of a cylinder difference of the wall structure of FIG. 1, and is a schematic cross-sectional view parallel to the vertical direction and the thickness direction. It is a perspective view of the wall structure of FIG. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows other embodiment of the wall structure of this invention, Comprising: It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram parallel to the orthogonal | vertical direction and thickness direction. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of a cylinder difference of the embodiment of FIG. 5, and is a schematic cross-sectional view parallel to the vertical direction and the thickness direction. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the bearing wall which used the wall structure of this invention, Comprising: It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram parallel to a horizontal direction.

  The present invention relates to a wall structure serving as an outer peripheral wall of a wooden building with outer insulation, and a wooden building having the wall structure as an outer peripheral wall, the studs conventionally disposed between columns and a bar of insulating panels It is characterized in that it is disposed outside and the space between the pillars is opened indoors. In the present invention, "wooden building" means the whole of a building constructed by a wooden frame construction method, and includes both "building" and "workpiece" classified by the Building Standard Law. Moreover, as a wooden frame construction method, in addition to the conventional construction method of constructing a frame only with traditional wood, wood members are assembled using dedicated hardware such as the SE (Engineering For Safety) construction method or the KES (Kimura Excellent Structure) construction method. In the present invention, a joint metal construction method for joining is also preferably applied.

  Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, a two-story wooden house will be described as an example of the preferred embodiment as a preferred embodiment. In the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. 2 (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A 'in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B' in FIG. It corresponds to a CC ′ cross-sectional schematic view.

  The wall structure of the present invention basically comprises pillars 11 and 12, cross members such as a base 13 and a trunk difference 14, a heat insulating panel 15, and an exterior member 17 as shown in FIGS. There is. In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a through pillar, and 12 denotes a pipe pillar. In the present invention, "pillar" refers to the structural members 11 and 12 which are structural members, but in recent wooden buildings, there is also a structure that does not use the conductive pillar 11, and the present invention also includes such a structure. In addition, in the case of the structure which does not use the penetration pole 11, the pipe post 12 is arrange | positioned in the position of the penetration pole 11. FIG.

  As a basic structure of a wooden building by a wooden frame construction method, usually, the first column (1F) is placed on the foundation 21 and the pillars 11 are erected on the foundation 13 fixed to the foundation 21 by anchor bolts or the like. . Furthermore, the cylinder difference 14 is horizontally extended and fixed between two adjacent communication columns 11, and the base 13 and the cylinder difference 14 are connected between the two communication columns 11 to construct a pipe column 12. Can be In addition, among the wooden frame construction methods, in the SE construction method, structurally important pillars such as the pillars 11 or pipe pillars 12 replacing the pillars 11 are directly attached to the foundation 21 using dedicated hardware, and other pillars Stand on the base 13.

  Usually, a plurality of joists 24 are disposed in parallel to the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 1 on the foundation 13, and the floor foundation material 25 is placed on the foundations 24, and further on the floor foundation material 25. A floor finish 26 is constructed to form a first floor floor. The floor structure of the second floor (2F) is also the same as that of the first floor except that the cylinder difference 14 is used instead of the base 13. In addition, the floor structure which does not use the joists 24 has also prevailed recently by using a thick plywood of about 24 mm thickness as the floor base material 25.

  Since the wall structure of the present invention is an outer insulation, the heat insulation panel 15 is attached to the outdoor side (right side in FIG. 1) of the columns 11 and 12. The heat insulating panel 15 used in the present invention includes a plate-shaped heat insulating material 15 b and an interior surface material 15 a attached to one main surface thereof, and is disposed with the interior surface material 15 a facing the indoor side. In the present embodiment, in order to facilitate the positioning and mounting of the heat insulating panel 15, as shown in FIG. 1, the support 31 is attached horizontally along the base 13 on the outdoor side of the base 13, Although the heat insulating panel 15 is disposed on the receiving material 31, the receiving material 31 is not necessarily required.

As the heat insulation panel 15 used in the present invention, the heat insulation panel marketed for outer insulation is used as it is or the interior surface material 15a is attached to a commercially available heat insulation material. With regard to the interior facing material 15a, a material is selected which meets the fire resistance standard of the area where the wooden building of the present invention is built, and which has a cosmetic property that has no influence when exposed to the indoor side. Therefore, in the area where the fireproof wall material is not required on the indoor side, the interior facing material 15a may be only the interior material such as wallpaper (cross), and in the area where the fire resistance standard is strict, the wall material provided with fire resistance and aesthetics A combination of a fireproof wall material and an interior material such as wallpaper is used. Moreover, it is preferable that the heat insulation panel 15 which concerns on this invention is equipped with the plywood 15c for structures on the opposite side to the interior surface material 15a.

  As a specific example of the heat insulation panel 15 according to the present invention, for example, "Neoform (registered trademark)" of Class A phenol foam heat insulation board 1 type 2 F ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ S specified in JIS A 9511 foam plastic heat insulation material (Asahi Kasei Building Materials Co., Ltd.) and “Fenoba Board (registered trademark)” (Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) 9 mm thick structural plywood on one main surface, fire resistance and aesthetics as the interior surface material 15 a on the other main surface The heat insulation panel provided with 9.5 mm thick "Moys (registered trademark)" (Mitsubishi Shoji Kenzai Co., Ltd.) is preferably used. The thickness of the heat insulating material 15b is suitably selected by the environment of the area where a wooden building is constructed.

  In the present embodiment, the heat insulation panel 15 is attached to the base 13 at least at the upper end and the cylinder difference 14 or the pillar 11 at the lower end. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the heat insulation panel 15 is attached to the trunk 14 and the through pillar 11 from the outdoor side by the screws 41, but may be attached by nails or the like besides the screws 41. In the present embodiment, since the heat insulating panel 15 has the structural plywood 15c on the outdoor side opposite to the interior surface material 15a, mounting members such as screws 41 and nails are preferably used. The structural plywood 15c is used to improve the strength of the heat insulation panel 15. However, when the heat insulation 15b alone has sufficient strength, the structural plywood 15c may be omitted. Moreover, when attaching the heat insulation panel 15, you may attach to the cross member and the pillar 11 at an upper end and a lower end via an adhesive agent. Furthermore, it is preferable to apply an airtight tape to the boundaries of the heat insulating panels adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction to improve the airtightness.

  As a cross member to which the heat insulation panel 15 is attached, although the base 13 and the trunk difference 14 are shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, a girder and a beam may be mentioned other than these. Further, the heat insulating panel 15 in contact with the columns 11 and 12 can be attached at a plurality of locations in the vertical direction along the columns 11 and 12.

  Further, in the SE construction method, the heat insulating panel 15 at the position corresponding to the pillars 11 and 12 attached to the foundation 21 with hardware has a place where the cross member corresponding to the lower end and the pillars 11 and 12 do not exist. The mounting position may be shifted upward relative to the other heat insulating panels 15 and mounted to the lower ends of the columns 11 and 12.

In the present invention, the reinforcing pillars 16 are attached to the outdoor side of the heat insulating panel 15. Conventionally, studs mounted alongside the pillars 11 and 12 of the indoor side, had been used the resistance to wind pressure from the outside as a member for applying to the wall structure, in the present invention reinforcing pillars outdoor side of the insulating panel 15 16 by placing, it is possible to obtain the effect according. The reinforcement columns 16 are attached to the cross member, the support member 31 horizontally mounted along the cross member, or the columns 11 and 12 at least at the upper and lower ends from the outdoor side by a mounting member.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the upper end of the reinforcement column 16 is attached to the trunk 14 or the support 11, and the lower end is attached to the base 13 or the support 31 attached to the base 13. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the screw 42 is used as a mounting member of the reinforcing column 16, but in addition to the screw 42, a nail or the like is also used. Moreover, when attaching the reinforcement pillar 16 to the cross member or the crosspiece 11 across the heat insulation panel 15, it is preferable to use a screw which penetrates the heat insulation panel 15 and reaches the cross member or the post 11,12.

Also, for the attachment of the upper end of the reinforcement column 16, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the support material 32 is attached to the cross member on the upper end side of the reinforcement column 16 (in FIG. The upper end of the reinforcement post 16 may be attached to 32. Further, when the receiving members 31 and 32 are provided, the heat insulating panel 15 is disposed between the receiving members 31 and 32. In addition, when attaching the reinforcement column 16 to the receiving members 31, 32, as shown in FIG. 6, it may be attached to the receiving members 31, 32 with screws 42 from the outdoor side, but at this time, the receiving members 31, 32. It is preferable to use a screw 42 which penetrates and reaches the cross member or the crosspiece 11. Also, instead of the screw 42, a nail may be used.

In addition, as for the reinforcement pillar 16 at the position corresponding to the pillars 11 and 12 attached to the foundation 21 with hardware in the SE construction method, the cross member corresponding to the lower end and the pillar 11 do not exist. The mounting position of the lower end may be shifted to the upper side than the other reinforcement columns 16 and mounted to the lower ends of the columns 11 and 12. Alternatively, the support 31 attached to the base 13 may be extended to the lower side of the columns 11 and 12 and attached to the support 31.

As described above, the reinforcement columns 16 are attached to the cross members and the columns 11 and 12 at least at the upper and lower ends using the support members 31 and 32 as needed. , 12, preferably from the outdoor side using screws or nails. In particular, it is preferable to arrange reinforcing columns 16 along both end portions in the horizontal direction of the heat insulating panel 15, and to fix the heat insulating panel 15 and the reinforcing columns 16 at a plurality of places in the vertical direction. In addition, also at the horizontal end of the heat insulating panel 15 in contact with the columns 11 and 12, it is preferable to fix the reinforcing columns 16 to the heat insulating panel 15 at a plurality of places in the vertical direction as well. It is more preferable to fix the reinforcement pillar 16 to the pillars 11 and 12 using a mounting member which penetrates the through holes and reaches the pillars 11 and 12.

The depth, width, and arrangement pitch of the reinforcing column 16 used in the present invention are the resistance to wind pressure from the outside, the position of the horizontal direction end of the heat insulating panel 15, the weight and mounting pitch of the exterior material 17 attached to the reinforcing column 16. Set in consideration. Since the conventional studs arranged on the indoor side were also used as the base material of the wall material on the indoor side, the same depth as the pillars 11 and 12 was necessary, but the present invention does not receive such a restriction. reinforcing post 16 can be reduced to the extent that strength can be maintained up to 60 mm. Preferably, the depth of the reinforcement pillar 16 is 60 mm to 120 mm, the width 45 to 90 mm, and the pitch of 450 mm to 910 mm. Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, even if two reinforcing columns 16 and 16 are disposed in contact with each other in accordance with the horizontal end of the heat insulation panel 15 at the position corresponding to the columns 11 and 12 Good.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the exterior material 17 is attached to the reinforcing column 16. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the exterior material 17 is attached from the outdoor side by the screws 43, but the present invention is not limited to this. The attachment method can be appropriately selected depending on the type of the packaging material 17. In the present invention, a sufficient space is formed between the exterior material 17 and the heat insulating panel 15 by the reinforcing pillars 16, and air permeability and a discharge path such as rain water are secured. As the exterior material 17, commercially available exterior panels such as metal-based and ceramic-based siding and ALC (lightweight aerated concrete board) which satisfy the fire resistance standard of the outer wall are preferably used, but are limited to these in the present invention is not. Further, in the present invention, since the reinforcing pillars 16 are used as the base material of the exterior material 17, even heavy ceramic-based siding can be preferably used.

In the present invention, in addition to the members shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, for example, a waterproof sheet or the like may be appropriately attached to the surface of the heat insulation panel 15 and the surface of the reinforcing pillars 16 before attaching the exterior material 17. .

  The wooden building of the present invention is characterized by having the above-described wall structure of the present invention as an outer peripheral wall, but a part of the outer peripheral wall may be used as a bearing wall. FIG. 7 is an example thereof, and is a schematic cross-sectional view of a position corresponding to the B-B 'cross section of FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, the structural plywood 51 is attached in parallel to the outer peripheral wall so as to cover the through column 11 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and the pipe column 12 adjacent thereto (right side in the drawing) To connect the pipe column 12 on the outer peripheral wall side with the pipe column 12 installed indoors, the structural plywood 51 is attached so as to be orthogonal to the outer peripheral wall (left side of the drawing) It is. In FIG. 7, the studs 52 for supporting the structural plywood 51 are disposed in the bearing wall, but when the structural plywood 51 is as thick as about 24 mm, the studs 52 can be omitted. In the embodiment, the bearing wall is a facing bearing wall in which the structural plywood 51 is attached to the columns 11 and 12, but a bracing bearing wall in which a brace is attached between the adjacent columns 11 and 12 may be used. .

In the present invention, by using a fire-resistant facing material as the interior facing material 15 a of the heat insulating panel 15, it is not necessary to attach a fire-resistant wall material such as gypsum board to the indoor side of the columns 11 and 12. Moreover, by not placing between pillars indoors side, the processing of the mounting member between columns is not required. Therefore, the space between the columns 11 and 12 can be opened indoors.

  Conventionally, the space between the columns 11 and 12 covered with interior materials such as gypsum board has been used for installation of facilities such as electrical wiring, gas pipes, and piping around water. Therefore, it is necessary to construct such equipment before installing the interior material, and in a conventional wooden building, these facilities are constructed, the interior material is attached, and all the indoor equipment is handed over to the client or purchaser. The

  On the other hand, in reinforced concrete structure (RC structure) buildings of apartment buildings such as apartments, it sells only with structural frames (skeletons) such as columns, beams, and floors, and construction of indoor equipment (infill) is performed after purchase by the purchaser. The form is expanding. The reason for the spread of skeleton sales in RC construction is that, in RC construction, fire resistance standards are satisfied only with construction frames, so it is not necessary to attach gypsum board to the indoor side of pillars like wooden buildings and also no studs are needed. It is.

  In the present invention, as described above, it is not necessary to attach the gypsum board to the indoor side of the column even in the area where the fire resistance standard is strict, and the space between the columns can be provided open. It will be possible to sell on skeletons where no indoor equipment is installed. At the time of sale at Skeleton, the sale price does not include the cost for the indoor equipment, and in the present invention the interior finish is simplified and the construction cost is reduced, so the wooden building is sold at a much lower price than before. Can be provided. Therefore, the purchaser is free to choose the indoor equipment such as the position and layout of the partition, electrical equipment such as the position of electrical equipment such as outlets and switches, and lighting, and water equipment such as a kitchen, a bathroom, a washroom and a toilet. It becomes possible to obtain a wooden building at a lower price than before. In addition, it becomes possible for the side which sells such a wooden building to respond widely to the purchaser's request which could not be coped with conventionally.

Also in the present invention, the space between the pillars 11 and 12 can be used for installation of electrical wiring, piping around water, gas pipe, etc. as in the prior art, but even when these facilities are concealed by wall material There is no need to cover all the space between the pillars 11 and 12 with wall material. In addition, it is possible not to hide these facilities with the wall material, but to expose them. The reinforcing post 16 is for being disposed outdoors side in all of the space between the pillars 11 and 12 can take a wide floor space amount corresponding according space between pillars than conventional pillar 11 All the space between can be used as indoor space.

  The floor area of the wooden building is indicated by the area of the area surrounded by a line connecting the centers of the columns 11 and 12 located on the outer periphery. Therefore, in the structure in which the indoor side of the columns 11 and 12 is covered with the interior material as in the prior art, the floor area that can actually be used is smaller than the displayed floor area. Because the space between them can all be used, the floor space actually usable is larger than the displayed floor space. Therefore, if the floor area is the same, a wooden building having a wide usable space can be obtained.

  Although the two-storeyed house has been described as an example in the embodiment above, the wooden building of the present invention is not limited to this, and may be a single-story house or three floors or more, and two houses 1 and 3 The present invention is preferably applied to a long house type housing or apartment house such as a house 1, a meeting place or store, a warehouse, various facilities, and the like.

11: through pillar, 12: tube pillar, 13: base, 14: barrel difference, 15: heat insulation panel, 15a: interior facing material, 15b: heat insulation material, 15c: structural plywood, 16: reinforcement pillar, 17: exterior material , 21: foundation, 24: joist, 25: floor base plate, 26: floor finish, 31, 32: backing material, 41, 42, 43: bis, 51: structural plywood, 52: stud

Claims (6)

In a wall structure comprising: a heat insulating panel having a plate-like heat insulating material and a face material arranged on the outdoor side of a pillar of a wooden building; and an exterior material arranged outside the heat insulating panel
The heat insulation panel is provided with an interior facing on the indoor side as the facing,
There is no stud on the indoor side of the heat insulation panel, a reinforcing pillar with a width of 45 to 90 mm and a depth of 60 to 120 mm is arranged on the outdoor side, and the space between two adjacent pillars is opened to the indoor side Yes,
The reinforcing column is attached to the beam, the girder, the cylinder difference, the cross member of any of the bases, the support member horizontally mounted along the cross member, or the column by the mounting member from the outdoor side at each of the upper end and the lower end Is attached,
A wall structure characterized in that the exterior material is attached to the reinforcing column. The wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing column is attached to the cross member or the column at the upper end and the lower end across the heat insulating panel.   The wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat insulation panel has a structural plywood on the outdoor side.   The wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the interior surface material of the heat insulation panel has fire resistance. A wooden building having the wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4 as an outer peripheral wall. The wooden building according to claim 5 , characterized in that a part of the outer peripheral wall is a bearing wall.

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