JP5947846B2 - building - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building and is preferably used when constructing a small-scale building.

  Conventionally, an insulating panel is attached to a pillar to form an outer wall of a building. For example, in the invention described in Patent Document 1 below, an outer wall is formed by a heat insulating panel by standing an inter-column between pillars of a shaft set and fixing the heat insulating panel to the column and the inter-column with a fixing tool such as a screw. Like to do.

JP 2006-299757 A

  However, in the case of the above-mentioned conventional example, after installing the pillars and the studs for attaching the heat insulation panel, it is necessary to construct the heat insulation panel, and it is difficult to keep the construction period long and to keep the cost low. there were.

  This invention is made | formed in view of said point, and it aims at providing the building which can aim at shortening of a construction period and cost reduction.

  The building according to the present invention is formed by providing a roofing material above an outer wall, and the outer wall is formed by a plurality of heat insulating panels adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction, and the heat insulating panel is thermally insulated between two metal skins. The plurality of heat insulating panels are connected with an upper frame material, the roof material is formed by filling a heat insulating material between two metal shells, and the roof material is It is mounted on the upper frame material, and the fixture is driven from the roof material through the upper frame material to the heat insulating panel.

  The present invention can shorten the construction period and reduce the cost.

An example of the attachment structure of a heat insulation panel is shown, (a) (b) is a partial sectional view. It is a perspective view which shows an example of embodiment of a building. It is a perspective view which shows an example of a heat insulation panel. The compressive strength measurement test of a heat insulation panel is shown, (a) and (b) are schematic diagrams, and (c) is the resulting stress strain curve. (A) is a partial perspective view showing an upper frame material, (b) is a partial perspective view showing a lower frame material. It is a perspective view which shows an example of a roofing material. (A) is a schematic perspective view which shows a unit, (b) is the schematic which shows a heat insulation panel, an upper frame material, and a lower frame material. (A) is a partial perspective view which shows joining of a heat insulation panel and an upper frame material, (b) is a partial perspective view which shows joining of a heat insulation panel and a lower frame material. It is the disassembled perspective view which shows a building. It is sectional drawing which shows a part of building. (A) thru | or (c) are sectional drawings of a building. (A) (b) is sectional drawing of a building, (c) is the schematic of a building.

  Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described.

  The building of the present embodiment is formed by providing a roof material 25 above the outer wall 7. The outer wall 7 is formed by adjoining a plurality of heat insulating panels 1 in the horizontal direction. The heat insulating panel 1 is formed by filling a heat insulating material 13 between two metal skins 11 and 12. The plurality of heat insulating panels 1 are connected at the upper part by an upper frame member 2. The roof material 25 is formed by filling a heat insulating material 29 between two metal skins 27 and 28. The roof material 25 is placed on the upper frame material 2. The fixing tool 33 is driven from the roof material 25 through the upper frame material 2 to the heat insulating panel 1. In this case, the vertical load from the roof can be supported by the heat insulation panel 1, and the pillars and the studs that are the main structural materials are unnecessary, and the construction period can be shortened by eliminating the pillars and the studs. Cost reduction can be achieved.

  It is preferable that the lower part of the adjacent heat insulation panels 1 and 1 is connected by the lower frame material 3.

  It is preferable that the indoor side surface of the heat insulation panel 1 and the upper frame member 2 and the lower frame member 3 are fixed by the fixture 4. In this case, by fixing the heat insulating panel 1 with the upper frame material 2 and the lower frame material 3 and the fixture 4, it is possible to resist horizontal load in addition to vertical load, and the mounting strength of the heat insulating panel 1 Can be high. Moreover, it is possible to prevent the fixture 4 from being seen on the outdoor side surface of the heat insulating panel 1 and to prevent the appearance from being impaired.

  A plurality of upper frame members 2, 2... Are connected to form a square frame-shaped upper frame body 5, and a plurality of lower frame members 3, 3. It is preferable that the body 6 is formed. In this case, compared with the case where the upper frame member 2 and the lower frame member 3 are not connected, the strength of the upper frame member 5 and the lower frame member 6 can be increased, and the upper frame member 5 and the lower frame member 6 are insulated. The mounting strength of the panel 1 can be further increased.

  It is preferable that a vertical frame member 8 is provided between adjacent heat insulating panels 1 and 1 and a beam member 9 is attached to the vertical frame member 8. In this case, the vertical frame member 8 and the beam member 9 can increase the mounting strength of the heat insulating panel 1, and the building strength can be improved.

  FIG. 2 shows an example of a building according to the present invention. The building of the present invention is a small building (such as a storeroom) with a small floor area. For example, the floor area is about 3 tsubo (3.6 m × 2.7 m) to about 0.25 tsubo (0.9 m × 0). .9 m) can be suitably formed. In addition, when the below-mentioned vertical frame material and beam material are used, it becomes possible to form even the building where one side exceeds 5 m.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the heat insulating panel 1 used in the building of the present invention is formed as a sandwich panel by filling and interposing a heat insulating material 13 between two outer and outer metal skins 11 and 12. . The metal shells 11 and 12 are formed by rolling or bending a metal plate having a thickness of about 0.25 to 2.0 mm. In this case, various metal plates such as a stainless steel plate, a galvanized steel plate, an aluminum zinc alloy plated steel plate (trade name “Galvalium Steel Plate”), a coated steel plate, and a vinyl chloride resin-coated steel plate can be used as the metal plate. The thickness of the metal skin 11 and the metal skin 12 may be the same or different. Moreover, as the heat insulating material 13, the thing of thickness about 20-120 mm can be used. In this case, rock wool or glass wool can be used as the inorganic heat insulating material, and hard urethane foam, styrene foam, phenol foam, polyisocyanurate foam, or the like can be used as the resin heat insulating material. The metal shells 11 and 12 and the heat insulating material 13 can be bonded and integrated. Furthermore, the fitting convex part 1a is formed in the one side edge part of the heat insulation panel 1 over the full length, and the fitting recessed part 1b is made in the other side edge part of the heat insulation panel 1 in the vertical length. It is formed over. The upper end portion and the lower end portion of the heat insulating panel 1 are not formed with the fitting convex portion 1a and the fitting concave portion 1b, and the upper end surface and the lower end surface are formed flat. Reference numeral 14 denotes a packing.

  Said heat insulation panel 1 shows sufficient compressive strength as a load-bearing panel for forming a load-bearing wall. 4 (a) and 4 (b) show an outline of the compression test. The heat insulating panel 1 of the test body has a vertical length L, a horizontal length b = 910 mm, and a thickness T = 45 mm (the thickness of the metal shells 11 and 12 is 0.5 mm, and the thickness of the heat insulating material 13 is 44 mm). , L were prepared in three types of 1500 mm, 2000 mm and 2500 mm. In the test, the heat insulation panel 1 of the test body was sandwiched between the pressure plates B and B, and was pressed so as to be compressed up and down with pressure P, and the displacement and load were measured at the center of the test body. As is apparent from the load strain curve shown in FIG. 4 (c), the heat insulating panel 1 of the test body exhibits a compressive strength of about 100 kN and has a compressive strength sufficient to support the load on the roof. It is.

  As shown in FIG. 5 (a), the upper frame member 2 used in the building of the present invention is formed in an elongated shape with a substantially U-shaped cross section that opens downward, and the upper piece 2a and the longitudinal lengths of both. A pair of side pieces 2b and 2b projecting downward from the end portions are formed. Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the lower frame member 3 is formed in a long shape with a substantially U-shaped cross section that opens upward, and extends downward from the lower piece 3a and both longitudinal end portions thereof. It is formed with a pair of side pieces 3b and 3b protruding toward the surface. The upper frame material 2 and the lower frame material 3 can be formed by bending a metal plate such as a steel plate having a thickness of 0.5 to 4.0 mm.

  The foundation member 20 is used in the building of the present invention. The base member 20 is made of a metal such as steel, and a hardware having a substantially hat-shaped cross section can be used. Further, the floor joist 21 is used in the building of the present invention. The floor joist 21 is formed by assembling shaped steel members such as C-shaped steel in a lattice frame shape. Moreover, the flooring 22 is used in the building of the present invention. The floor material 22 can use the same thing as the said heat insulation panel 1, and can use one metal skin 11 as an upper surface board, and the other metal skin 12 as a lower surface board. Moreover, the cushioning material 23 is used in the building of the present invention. A rubber mat or the like can be used as the cushion material 23. Moreover, the floor finishing material 24 is used in the building of this invention. As the floor finish 24, a plywood or a vinyl chloride sheet can be used. Moreover, the roofing material 25 is used in the building of the present invention. In the same manner as described above, a heat insulating panel in which a heat insulating material 29 is filled between two metal skins 27 and 28 can be used as the roof material 25. However, as shown in FIG. What formed several protrusions on the upper surface as the peak part 25a can be used. In addition, the roof accessory 26 is used in the building of the present invention. As the roof accessory 26, a hardware such as an eaves decorative material obtained by forming a metal plate such as a steel plate into a square frame shape can be used.

  And the building of this invention can be formed as follows.

  First, the wall unit 50 is formed by connecting and integrating a plurality of heat insulating panels 1, 1... By the upper frame member 2 and the lower frame member 3. As shown in FIG. 7A, the wall unit 50 includes a plurality of heat insulating panels 1, 1... Arranged side by side in a square frame shape, and then the upper end of the heat insulating panel 1 as shown in FIG. The upper frame material 2 and the lower frame material 3 are attached to the lower end portion. Further, the plurality of heat insulating panels 1, 1... Are juxtaposed in the horizontal direction, but the adjacent heat insulating panels 1, 1 can be connected by an uneven fitting between the fitting convex portion 1a and the fitting concave portion 1b. .

  When the upper frame member 2 is attached to the upper end portions of the heat insulating panels 1, 1,..., The upper end portion of the heat insulating panel 1 is inserted between the side pieces 2b, 2b of the upper frame member 2, as shown in FIG. Then, the indoor side piece 2b and the indoor metal shell 12 of the heat insulation panel 1 are connected by a fixing tool (fastener) 4 such as a screw. In this way, the plurality of heat insulating panels 1, 1... Can be connected by the upper frame member 2. A plurality of upper frame members 2, 2... Can be connected to form a rectangular frame-shaped upper frame body 5. In this case, the end portions of the adjacent upper frame members 2 and 2 are connected to each other. However, at the corner portion of the upper frame body 5, as shown in FIG. 2b is cut off, the upper piece 2a of the one upper frame member 2 is placed on the end of the other upper frame member 2, and the upper pieces 2a, 2a overlapping each other are screwed together. It is made to couple | bond with the fixing tool 32. FIG. When the lower frame member 3 is attached to the lower end portions of the heat insulating panels 1, 1,..., The lower end portion of the heat insulating panel 1 is inserted between the side pieces 3b, 3b of the lower frame member 3, as shown in FIG. Then, the indoor side piece 3b and the indoor metal shell 12 of the heat insulation panel 1 are connected by a fastener (fastener) 4 such as a screw. In this way, the plurality of heat insulating panels 1, 1... Can be connected by the lower frame member 3. A plurality of lower frame members 3, 3... Can be connected to form a rectangular frame-shaped lower frame body 6. In this case, the ends of the adjacent lower frame members 3 and 3 are connected to each other, but at the corner portion of the lower frame body 6, as shown in FIG. 3b is cut off, the lower piece 3a of the lower frame member 3 is placed on the end of the other lower frame member 3, and the lower pieces 3a and 3a that overlap vertically are screwed The fixing tool 32 is used for coupling.

  The heat insulating panel 1 constituting the wall unit 50 is formed as a single piece that is long and continuous in the vertical direction, but an opening 42 is formed in the heat insulating panel 1 at a portion to which fittings such as a sash 40 and a door 41 are attached. Has been. Moreover, the metal shells 11 and 12 of the heat insulation panel 1 and the upper frame material 2 and the lower frame material 3 are connected by metal touch. In addition, in the building of this invention, the several heat insulation panel 1 is not connected up and down, but as mentioned above, the one-piece heat insulation panel 1 which continues long in the up-down direction is used, and, thereby, the outer wall 7 of The seismic strength of the building can be increased without reducing the strength.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of foundation members 20, 20... Next, the floor joists 21 are placed so as to cover all the base members 20, and the base members 20 and the floor joists 21 are fixed with a fixing tool 30 such as a screw as shown in FIG. Next, the wall unit 50 is attached on the base member 20. When attaching the wall unit 50, the lower frame member 3 is placed on the outdoor side of the floor joist 21 and placed so as to be bridged on the base members 20, 20. 3 is fixed to the base member 20 with a fixture 31 such as a screw provided on the lower piece 3a. In this way, a plurality of heat insulating panels 1, 1... Can be installed upright in the horizontal direction, and a box-shaped wall unit 50 made up of a plurality of heat insulating panels 1, 1,. Can be formed.

  Next, the roofing material 25 is disposed. The roof material 25 is placed on the upper frame body 5 attached to the upper end portion of the heat insulating panel 1, and then penetrates the upper piece 2 a of the upper frame material 2 from the mountain portion 25 a of the roof material 25. Insert a fixture 33 such as a drill screw. Further, a roof accessory 26 is fixed to a peripheral end portion of the roof material 25 with a fixing tool 34 such as a screw. Next, a floor material 22 is laid on the floor joists 21 in the inner space (indoor side space) of the wall unit 50 surrounded by the above-described heat insulating panels 1, 1. The cushion material 23 and the floor finishing material 24 are laid in order. In this way, the building of the present invention in which the heat insulating panel 1 is self-supporting can be formed. In this building, “exterior”, “heat insulation”, and “structure” can be simultaneously performed by the construction of the heat insulation panel 1, and the construction can be simplified. Further, after the unit is formed at the factory, it is only necessary to assemble the unit at the construction site, and the construction efficiency at the construction site can be increased.

  In the present invention, various types of cross-sectional shapes of the upper frame member 2 and the lower frame member 3 can be adopted. For example, in the case shown in FIG. 11A, the side piece 3b on the outdoor side of the lower frame member 3 is projected downward, and the downward side piece 3b can be used as a drainer. It is. Moreover, in what is shown in FIG.11 (b), the side piece 3b by the side of the outdoor of the lower frame material 3 protrudes shorter than the side piece 3b by the side of the indoor, and this short side piece 3b and the heat insulation panel 1 of FIG. Sealing is performed between the surface of the metal shell 11 on the outdoor side to ensure waterproofness. Further, in the case shown in FIG. 11 (c), an upper frame member 2 having an L-shaped cross section composed of an upper piece 2 a and a side piece 2 b is formed, and the upper piece 2 a faces the indoor side of the heat insulating panel 1. The side piece 2b is attached by being connected to the indoor metal skin 12 of the heat insulating panel 1 by the fixing tool 4. In this case, the upper piece 2 a is provided with a fixing tool 31 such as a screw, and the upper frame material 2 and the roof material 25 can be connected by the fixing tool 31.

  FIG. 12 shows another embodiment. In this building, a vertically long vertical frame member 8 is provided between the heat insulating panels 1 and 1 adjacent in the horizontal direction, and a beam member 9 is installed between the vertical frame members 8 and 8 facing each other. The configuration is the same as above. As shown in FIG. 12 (a), the vertical frame member 8 is formed in a substantially H-shaped cross section from a pair of opposing sandwiching pieces 8a, 8a and a connecting piece 8b provided between the sandwiching pieces 8a, 8a. For example, H-section steel can be used. Further, an attachment piece 8 c that protrudes indoors is provided on the upper part of the vertical frame member 8. As shown in FIG. 12 (b), the beam member 9 is provided with a vertical piece 9b between upper and lower horizontal pieces 9a, 9a and formed in a substantially H-shaped cross section. For example, an H-shaped steel is used. be able to. And the side edge part of the heat insulation panel 1 can be inserted and arrange | positioned between the clamping pieces 8a and 8a. In this case, a fitting recess or a fitting protrusion may not be formed at the side end of the heat insulating panel 1. The beam member 9 fixes the side end of the vertical piece 9b to the mounting piece 8c with a bolt or the like, and is installed between the opposing vertical frame members 8 and 8, as shown in FIG. Is. Moreover, the lower end of the vertical frame member 8 can be fixed to the base member with an anchor bolt or the like. In a building using the vertical frame member 8 and the beam member 9, the mounting strength of the heat insulating panel 1 can be reinforced by the vertical frame member 8 and the beam member 9, and the earthquake resistance of the building can be improved. Further, the attachment strength of the roof material 25 can be reinforced by the beam material 9. The vertical frame member 8 and the beam member 9 can be used for a building in which the distance between the opposing wall panels 1 and 1 is 5 m or more.

  It is also possible to form a building by combining the plurality of wall units 50, 50.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Thermal insulation panel 2 Upper frame material 7 Outer wall 11 Metal outer skin 12 Metal outer skin 13 Thermal insulation material 25 Roof material 27 Metal outer skin 28 Metal outer skin 29 Thermal insulation material 33 Fixing tool

Claims (1)

Formed by providing a roof material above the outer wall, the outer wall is formed by horizontally adjoining a plurality of heat insulating panels, and the heat insulating panel is formed by filling a heat insulating material between two metal skins. The plurality of heat insulation panels are connected at the top with an upper frame material, the roof material is formed by filling a heat insulation material between two metal shells, and the roof material is placed on the upper frame material. The building is characterized in that a fixture is driven from the roof material through the upper frame material to the heat insulation panel.

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