JP2001293388A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crusher capable of efficiently crushing matters to be crushed. SOLUTION: A pair of rotary cutters 4a and 4b are provided in a hopper 1. A large number of annular grooves 8 are formed in an outer circumference of each rotary cutter 4a, 4b in an axial direction at equal intervals and a plurality of cutting teeth 10 are formed on an outer circumference of a disc 9 provided between the adjoining grooves 8 at equal intervals. The cutting teeth 10 arranged in the axial direction have phases sequentially shifted in the circumferential direction from the tooth 10 at one end to the tooth 10 at the other end so as to reduce cutting resistance at the time of cutting the matter to be crushed. Thus, the pair of the cutters 4a, 4b can be rotated at a higher rotational speed so that the matter can be crushed efficiently.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crusher for crushing objects to be crushed, such as garbage, containers made of synthetic resin, and cloth products such as used clothes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a crusher in which a pair of rotary cutters are provided in a hopper, and the pair of rotary cutters are rotated in opposite directions to crush the material to be crushed into the hopper is known. Are known.

In the conventionally known crushing apparatus, if thin and flexible sheets such as a vinyl sheet, a bag, or a wrap are mixed in the crushed material, the crushed material is crushed. However, there is a disadvantage that the cutting efficiency is reduced by being wound around the outer periphery of the rotary cutter.

In order to solve such inconveniences, the applicant of the present application has provided a plurality of annular grooves on the outer periphery, and a cutting tooth having a mountain-shaped front shape on the outer periphery of a disk portion formed between the annular grooves. A pair of rotary cutters formed at equal intervals are disposed to face left and right so that a part of the disk part is fitted into the annular groove of the other rotary cutter, and the left and right rotary cutters are rotated in opposite directions with a speed difference. Thus, a crushing apparatus has already been proposed in which a flexible sheet which is difficult to cut is torn by a difference in rotational speed between a pair of rotary cutters (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 1 (1998) -195).
0-290939).

[0005]

By the way, in the crushing device already proposed, the cutting teeth provided on the disk portion of each rotary cutter are provided in the same phase as the cutting teeth adjacent in the axial direction. The cutting teeth arranged in the axial direction cut the object to be cut at the same time.

Therefore, the cutting load applied to the pair of rotary cutters is large, and it is necessary to use a large motor having a large capacity as a motor for rotating the pair of rotary cutters. Need to be improved, which is disadvantageous in terms of cost.

Further, when the pair of rotary cutters is rotated at a high speed, the load on the cutting teeth is large and the cutting teeth may be lost. Therefore, it is necessary to rotate the pair of rotary cutters at a relatively low speed. Occurs. For this reason, the crushing efficiency cannot be said to be high, and there is a point to be improved in improving the crushing efficiency.

[0008] An object of the present invention is to provide a crushing apparatus capable of efficiently crushing an object to be crushed.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, a large number of annular grooves are provided on the outer periphery, and the outer peripheral surface of a disk portion between adjacent annular grooves is formed into a mountain shape. A pair of rotary cutters each having a cutting tooth to be cut are disposed to face left and right so that the disk portion of the other rotary cutter fits into the annular groove, and the pair of right and left rotary cutters are rotated in opposite directions to each other. In a crushing device that cuts the crushed material sent between the rotary cutters by the cutting blades on both sides of the rotational direction front side of the cutting teeth,
The configuration is such that the cutting teeth arranged in the axial direction of the rotary cutter are shifted in phase in the circumferential direction from the cutting tooth at one axial end to the cutting tooth at the other axial end.

As described above, by shifting the phase of the cutting teeth arranged in the axial direction in the circumferential direction, the cutting blade formed on one rotary cutter and the cutting blade formed on the other rotary cutter become different from each other. The teeth are engaged in order from one end to the other end.

For this reason, the crushed object fed between the pair of rotary cutters is cut in order from one end to the other end, so that the cutting resistance applied to the rotary cutter is small, and the small capacity of the small cutter is small. The rotary cutter can be driven to rotate by the motor.

Further, since the cutting resistance applied to the rotary cutter is small, the pair of rotary cutters can be rotated at a relatively high speed, and the crushing efficiency can be improved.

Here, by rotating a pair of rotary cutters with a difference in speed, when a flexible film or sheet which is difficult to cut is mixed in the crushed object, the rotation speed difference between the pair of rotary cutters causes The films and sheets can be torn and shredded.

Further, by forming a concave arcuate surface on the front side surface in the rotation direction of the cutting teeth, the cutting blades on both sides of the front side surface become acute angles, and each of the acute-angled cutting blades cuts the material to be crushed. Therefore, the crushing efficiency can be further improved.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2,
The hopper 1 has an inlet 2a at an upper part and an outlet 2b at a lower part.
Are formed.

Inside the hopper 1, a pair of left and right feed rotors 3a, 3b are provided at a required interval between the opposed parts, and a pair of right and left rotary cutters 4a are provided below the pair of feed rotors 3a, 3b. , 4b are provided.

The pair of feed rotors 3a, 3b
It has a number of annular grooves 5 arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction, and feed teeth 7 having a mountain-shaped front surface are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of a disk portion 6 formed between adjacent annular grooves 5. Have been.

A pair of feed rotors 3a and 3b are shown in FIG.
Is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow of FIG.
a and 4b.

FIG. 4I shows a pair of rotary cutters 4.
a and 4b show one rotary cutter 4a, and the other rotary cutter 4b is symmetrical to the one rotary cutter 4a. Therefore, one rotary cutter 4a will be described below and the other rotary cutter 4b will be described. Is
The same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

The rotary cutter 4a has a large number of annular grooves 8 arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction, and a plurality of cutting teeth 1 having a mountain-like front shape are formed on the outer periphery of a disk portion 9 formed between the annular grooves 8.
0 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

The width of the annular groove 8 and the thickness of the disk portion 9 are substantially equal, and the width of the annular groove 8 is determined by the feed rotors 3a and 3b.
The thickness is approximately equal to the thickness of the disk portion 6 formed in the above.

The pair of rotary cutters 4a and 4b are shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the disk portion 9 of the other rotary cutter is provided in the annular groove 8 so as to fit into the annular groove 8, and is provided above and in the annular groove 8 of each of the rotary cutters 4a and 4b. The disk portions 6 of the feed rotors 3a and 3b are fitted.

The pair of left and right rotary cutters 4a and 4b are rotated in the direction of the arrow in FIG. At this time, the rotational speed of one of the rotary cutter 4a and V _1, when the rotational speed of the other rotary cutter 4b and V _2, so that the V _2> V _1, a pair of rotary cutter 4a, 4b is the speed difference It is to be rotated with. The one rotary cutter 4a is rotated at a higher speed than the feed rotors 3a and 3b.

As shown in FIG. 4 (I), the cutting teeth 10 arranged in the axial direction of each of the rotary cutters 4a and 4b are arranged in a circumferential direction from the cutting tooth 10 at one end in the axial direction to the cutting tooth 10 at the other end in the axial direction. Are sequentially shifted in phase.

A concave arcuate surface 11 is formed on the front side in the rotational direction of each cutting tooth 10, and an acute-angled cutting blade 12 is provided at the intersection of the arcuate surface 11 and both side surfaces of the disk 9. .

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a scraper 13 is provided below each of the rotary cutters 4a and 4b. The scraper 13 has a comb-shaped protruding piece 13a on the upper side, and each protruding piece 13a is fitted into the annular groove 8 of the rotary cutters 4a, 4b.

The scraper 13 scrapes off crushed pieces that fit into the annular groove 8.

Below the pair of rotary cutters 4a and 4b, there is provided a horizontal cutting mechanism 20 for further crushing the crushed material crushed by the pair of rotary cutters 4a and 4b.

The horizontal cutting mechanism 20 comprises a fixed blade 21 and a rotary blade 22 for cutting crushed pieces with the fixed blade 21.
The fixed blade 21 is fixed to the lower surface of one of the scrapers 13,
On one side, a linear cutting blade 21a extending long in the direction of both ends of the scraper 13 is provided.

As shown in FIG. 5, the rotating teeth 22
A strip-shaped blade plate 25 is attached to each of a plurality of axially long tool rests 24 provided on the outer periphery of the blade 3 so as to be replaceable by tightening bolts 26. Blade plate 25 is cutting blade 2
And the cutting blade 27 has a straight blade 27a and an arc blade 27.
b are alternately provided.

When the rotary blade 22 rotates, the blade plate 25
The cutting blade 27 is rotatably supported so as to face the cutting blade 21a of the fixed blade 21, and is rotated in a direction indicated by an arrow in FIG. 1 by a motor (not shown).

The crushing apparatus shown in the embodiment has the above-described structure, and when crushing an object to be crushed, the pair of feed rotors 3a, 3b, the pair of rotary cutters 4a, 4b and the rotary blade 22 are moved in the direction of the arrow in FIG. The object to be crushed is charged into the charging port 2a of the hopper 1 in the state where the crushed material is rotated.

The crushed material falling into the hopper 1 is forcibly fed by a pair of feed rotors 3a, 3b onto a pair of rotary cutters 4a, 4b provided therebelow.

At this time, a pair of feed rotors 3a, 3a
b has a large number of feed dogs 7 on its outer periphery, so that the feed dog 7 bites into the crushed object, and forcibly feeds the crushed object downward, so that the feed tooth 7 is like a plastic bottle. , A pair of rotary cutters 4a thereunder,
4b is surely sent.

The material to be crushed sent between the pair of rotary cutters 4a and 4b is strip-shaped by the cutting teeth 10 formed on the rotary cutters 4a and 4b and having a width substantially equivalent to the thickness of the disk portion 9. Cut into pieces.

The crushed pieces after cutting are transferred to the lower horizontal cutting mechanism 20.
And the rotary cutters 4a, 4a
It is conveyed toward the lower part of the outer periphery in a state narrowed by the annular groove 8 of b.

The crushed pieces narrowing in the annular groove 8 are scraped by the scraper 13.
And is discharged onto the horizontal cutting mechanism 20.

The object to be crushed is a pair of rotary cutters 4a and 4a.
b, the cutting teeth 10 arranged in the axial direction of the cutting teeth 10 provided on each of the rotary cutters 4a and 4b are arranged in the circumferential direction from the cutting tooth 10 at one end in the axial direction to the cutting tooth 10 at the other end. Since the phase is shifted, one of the rotary cutters 4a
Blade 10 of the other and the cutting blade 10 of the other rotary cutter 4b
Is sequentially engaged from one end of the rotary cutters 4a and 4b toward the other end.

Therefore, the material to be crushed is cut in order from the end, the cutting resistance applied to the rotary cutters 4a, 4b is small, and the rotary cutters 4a, 4b are stopped by the bite of the material to be crushed. There are no inconveniences. Therefore, the rotary cutters 4a and 4b can be rotated at a relatively high speed, and the object to be crushed can be efficiently cut.

Since the pair of rotary cutters 4a and 4b are rotated with a speed difference, the rotary cutters 4a and 4b are rotated.
a, cutting blades 12 on both sides of cutting teeth 10 provided on
When cutting the object to be crushed with the cutting blades 12 on both sides of the cutting teeth 10 provided on the other rotary cutter,
Is displaced in the length direction of the cutting blade 12.

Therefore, the material to be crushed is smoothly cut, and the cutting blades 12 on both sides of the cutting teeth 10 are cut.
Is sharpened by the formation of the arcuate surface 11 with respect to the front side in the rotation direction, the sharpness is good, and the crushed material is cut very effectively.

Further, a pair of rotary cutters 4a, 4b
Since is rotated with a speed difference, when a thin film or sheet that is difficult to cut is mixed in the crushed object, the film sheet is torn by the cutting teeth 10 and becomes small.

The strip-shaped crushed pieces crushed by the pair of rotary cutters 4a and 4b are then cut by the fixed blade 21 and the rotary blade 22 of the horizontal cutting mechanism 20 to form small pieces.
At this time, the cutting blade 2 provided on the blade plate 25 of the rotary blade 22
7 has a configuration in which the straight blades 27a and the circular blades 27b are provided alternately, so that when the crushed pieces are cut by the cutting blades 27 and the cutting blades 21a provided on the fixed blades 21, the circular blades 27b are positioned at the center from both ends. The cutting position changes toward. Therefore, the crushed pieces are cut very smoothly.

The small pieces formed by cutting the crushed pieces fall below the hopper 1 and are discharged downward through the discharge port 2b.

[0045]

As described above, according to the present invention, a number of annular grooves are provided at equal intervals in the axial direction on a pair of rotary cutters, and a plurality of annular grooves are provided in the outer circumferential direction of the disk portion formed between the adjacent annular grooves. A plurality of cutting teeth are provided at equal intervals, and the cutting teeth arranged in the axial direction are shifted in phase in the circumferential direction from the cutting blade at one end to the cutting tooth at the other end, so that cutting resistance at the time of cutting the crushed object is reduced. Can be reduced, and the pair of rotary cutters can be rotated at a high speed, so that the object to be crushed can be crushed very efficiently.

Further, since a concave arc-shaped surface is formed on the front side in the rotation direction of the cutting teeth, the pair of cutting blades of the cutting teeth can be formed at acute angles, and the crushed material can be smoothly moved by each cutting blade. Can be cut.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a crushing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing a cutting mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 (I) is a perspective view showing a part of the rotary cutter shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 (II) is a sectional view showing a cutting blade thereof.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a rotary blade of the horizontal cutting mechanism shown in FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

 4a, 4b Rotary cutter 8 Annular groove 9 Disk portion 10 Cutting tooth 11 Arc surface 12 Cutting blade

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4D065 CA12 CA16 CB02 CC01 CC10 DD08 DD18 EB11 EB14 EB17 ED06 ED16 EE01 EE15

Claims (3)

[Claims] A pair of left and right rotary cutters are provided in a hopper, each rotary cutter having a plurality of annular grooves formed at equal intervals in an axial direction on an outer periphery, and a disk formed between adjacent annular grooves. Cutting teeth having a front shape of a mountain shape are provided on the outer periphery of the portion at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the pair of rotary cutters is arranged in the annular groove so that the disk portion of the other rotary cutter fits. A crushing device that rotates the pair of rotary cutters inward and cuts the crushed object fed from above by the cutting blades on both sides of the front side in the rotation direction of the cutting teeth; A crushing device wherein the cutting teeth arranged in the axial direction are sequentially shifted in phase in the circumferential direction from the cutting tooth at one end in the axial direction to the cutting tooth at the other end. 2. The crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said pair of rotary cutters are rotated with a speed difference. 3. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein a concave arc-shaped surface is formed on a front side surface in a rotation direction of the cutting teeth, and a cutting angle of the cutting blade is set to an acute angle.